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	Author	Yasir Imtiaz Syed; Raj Prasanna; S Uma; Kristin Stock; Denise Blake
	Title	A Design Science based Simulation Framework for Critical Infrastructure Interdependency			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	516-524
	Keywords	Infrastructure, interdependency, electricity, road, restoration.
	Abstract	Critical Infrastructures (CI) such as electricity, water, fuel, telecommunication and road networks are a crucial factor for secure and reliable operation of a society. In a normal situation, most of the businesses operate on an individual infrastructure. However, after major natural disasters such as earthquakes, the conflicts and complex interdependencies among the different infrastructures can cause significant disturbances because a failure can propagate from one infrastructure to another. This paper discusses the development of an integrated simulation framework that models interdependencies between electricity and road infrastructure networks of Wellington region. The framework uses a damage map of electricity network components and integrates them with road access time to the damaged components for determining electricity outage time of a region. The results can be used for recovery planning, identification of vulnerabilities, and adding or discarding redundancies in an infrastructure network.
	Address	Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University; School of Psychology, Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; GNS Science; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Enhancing Resilience of Natural, Built, and Socio-economic Environment	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1645
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	Author	Tzu-Yin CHANG; Shang-Yu Wu; Jyun-Yuan Chen
	Title	Mobile Communication Technology and Cell Broadcast Service for Emergency Alerts			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	97-102
	Keywords	Public warning system, cell broadcast service, natural disaster, alerts
	Abstract	Taiwan is located in the collision zones between two continental plates collide. From the perspective of plate tectonics, the paleo-tectonic environment of the Taiwan and its surrounding areas are rather complex and active due to the tectonic compression of the Eurasian Plate and Philippine Sea Plate. This has resulted in frequent earthquakes in Taiwan. In addition, the tropical and subtropical climate drives not only weathering and erosion of surface rocks, but also typhoon or monsoon triggered torrential and heavy rains in summer and autumn. For downstream land subsidence areas with poor discharge capacity, it is therefore often to have serious floods and resulted in large-scale disasters that endanger citizens' lives and property. Affected by climate change, high urban density and overexploitation of land resources, Taiwan has a substantial increase in natural disasters over the last couple of years. As the country is confronted by unfavorable environment and climate conditions, how disaster alerts and information are accurately and timely released has become an important topic for facilitating the evacuation of citizens and dispatch of disaster relief personnel. This study has combined the mobile communications technology to enable our government to, with the Cell Broadcast Service (CBS), instantly send messages to all 4G and 3G (WCDMA) mobile users within the coverage of designated base stations and without being affected by the network congestion through independent channels. This will help timely notify citizens to evacuate and reduce casualties.
	Address	National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction; National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction; National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Monitoring and Alerting Systems supporting Business as Usual and Emergency Warnings	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1666
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	Author	Tim Grant
	Title	Common Topics in C2 Doctrine for Emergency Management			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	56-68
	Keywords
	Abstract	A set of publications from the online, English-language, Emergency Management (EM) doctrine has been surveyed to identify common topics in Command & Control (C2) at the tactical and operational levels. Jackson's (2013) ontological and epistemological review of the evolution of military doctrine serves as the analytic lens, enabling a link to be made to resilience and agility. The topics identified were mapped to scientific disciplines in C2. The results could be used to draw up a recommended table of contents for comprehensive EM doctrine, to guide the development of curricula for training emergency managers, and to define the user requirements for supporting information systems. In further research, the results should be compared to a similar, ongoing survey of military C2 doctrine.
	Address	Retired But Active Researchers (R-BAR)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Resilience to cope with the unexpected	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1691
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	Author	Thomas Huggins; Stephen Hill; Robin Peace; David Johnston
	Title	Extending Ecological Rationality: Catching the High Balls of Disaster Management			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	295-309
	Keywords	decision-making, complexity, macrocognition, computational media, ecological rationality
	Abstract	The contemporary world is characterized by several large-scale hazards to human societies and the environments we live in, including the impacts of climate change. This paper outlines theories concerning cognitive psychology and complexity dynamics that help explain the challenges of responding to these hazards and the complex systems which create them. These theories are illustrated with a baseball metaphor, to highlight the need for decision-making strategies which do not rely on comprehensive information where comprehensive information is not available. The importance of tools which can support more efficient uses of limited information is also outlined, as is the way that these tools help combine the computational resources and acquired experience of several minds. Existing research has been used to investigate many of the concepts outlined. However, further research is required to coalesce cognitive theories with complexity theories and the analysis of group-level interactions, towards improving important disaster management decisions.
	Address	Joint Centre for Disaster Research / Massey University; Massey University; Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research / Massey University
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Human centred design for collaborative systems supporting 4Rs (Reduction, Readiness, Response and Recovery)	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1653
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	Author	Teresa Gordon; Hamish Keith; Todd Velvin
	Title	Insight into the Emergency Mobile Alert system and Public Information Management in New Zealand Insight into the Emergency Mobile Alert system and Public Information Management in New Zealand			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	103-109
	Keywords	Emergency Mobile Alert Cell Broadcasting
	Abstract	New Plymouth city's water supply infrastructure suffered major damage as Ex-Tropical Cyclone Gita passed over New Zealand on 20 February 2018. By 1950 hours a State of Local Emergency had been declared due to the disruption of the drinking water supply in New Plymouth and power supply across the region. This report focuses on the feedback received by the Taranaki CDEM Group Public Information Management team following activation of the Emergency Mobile Alert (EMA) system on the evening of Wednesday 21 February 2018, to warn people in New Plymouth District that tap water must be boiled. The report gives a practitioner's insight into making the decision to send one of New Zealand's first EMAs and the subsequent handset issues experienced by members of the public with this new system, including various misunderstandings about how the EMA system works.
	Address	Taranaki Civil Defence Emergency Management Group; Ministry of Civil Defence Emergency Management; Taranaki Civil Defence Emergency Management Group
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Monitoring and Alerting Systems supporting Business as Usual and Emergency Warnings	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1658
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	Author	Sonia Gul; Nurul Sarkar; Jairo Gutierrez; Edmund Lai
	Title	RESILICOMM: A Framework for Resilient Communication System			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	83-88
	Keywords
	Abstract	Disasters, when they strike hard, may cause the disruption of many vital services. 'Telecommunications' is being considered one of the vital lifeline services as many disaster relief operations rely on it. Effective communication is dependent on a telecommunication network infrastructure that is working properly. Unfortunately, the infrastructure may be damaged during a disaster causing no-coverage and/or congested network traffic in the disaster-affected areas. In this paper we propose a conceptual framework for building a resilient communication system that not only considers the communications infrastructure but also other driving factors which are necessary for its success. The proposed framework is based on five key pillars, namely: robustness, redundancy, adaptability, agility, and readiness to build capability for developing a resilient communication system. The findings reported in this paper provide some insights into resilient communications that may help network researchers/engineers to contribute further towards developing a robust and resilient communication system capable of coping with disasters.
	Address	Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Resilience to cope with the unexpected	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1673
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	Author	Shuji Nishikawa; Osamu Uchida; Keisuke Utsu
	Title	Introduction of a Tracking Map to a Web Application for Location Recording and Rescue Request			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	459-468
	Keywords	Location information, Rescue request, Disaster
	Abstract	We developed a web application for location recording and rescue request using Twitter (T-Pl@ce). This application helps supported users (e.g., older adults, persons with disabilities, and children) who require support to share their location coordinates via Twitter. Supporting users (e.g., families, relatives, or neighbors) of the supported user can then check the location coordinates of the supported user when required. When the supported user needs to be rescued, he/she can post a rescue request on Twitter by pressing the “Rescue request” button on the application. In this study, we introduce the e-mail notification function to reliably notify a rescue request to the system administrator. In addition, to track the location of the supported user, we introduce a location tracking function. Then, the administrator, the emergency assistance employees (e.g., rescue experts or social workers), or the supporting user can refer to the request and the location tracking page and execute the support and rescue activities.
	Address	Tokai University; Tokai University; Tokai University
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1660
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	Author	Sean Audain; Alex Robertson; Jonathon Moore; Shannon Rutherford; Geraldine Blair
	Title	Informing City Resilience			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	544-549
	Keywords	Wellington, Earthquake, Geospatial, Resilience
	Abstract	In 2015 Wellington joined the 100 Resilient Cities Organization and began a new chapter in its resilience journey. This journey has seen a strategic focus on the use of data to enable better emergency response and to integrate and inform decision making at all levels. The strategic focus in the resilience strategy of integrating data into governance, adaptation, recovery and community engagement has helped Wellington manage the effects of the 2016 Kaikoura Earthquake, lead engagement on sea level rise and integrate resilience building measures into the city's built environment and communities. This strategic intent has driven the renewal of a city data capability to provision the Risk Reduction, Readiness, Response and Recovery of the city.
	Address	Wellington City Council; Wellington City Council; Wellington City Council; Wellington City Council; Wellington City Council
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Enhancing Resilience of Natural, Built, and Socio-economic Environment	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1670
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	Author	Sanjay Lama; Sojen Pradhan
	Title	ICT usage for the post-disaster recovery in Tourism: A case of Nepal Earthquake			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	534-543
	Keywords	ICT tools, disaster recovery, tourism, Earthquake, Nepal
	Abstract	Nepal is one of the most popular travel destinations because of its natural beauty and Himalayas. Tourism industry contributes significantly to the nation's GDP. However, the 2015 earthquake has created great havoc causing loss of more than 9,000 lives, damaging many buildings including World heritage sites and trekking trails. Despite a substantial amount of foreign aid, overall recovery programs have not been effective. This empirical study focuses on the use of ICT tools for the recovery works in the tourism industry and uses mixed methods engaging tourism associations and organisations. Four 'areas of concerns' regarding ICT use, are identified by using the qualitative analysis and validated through a survey of 198 tourism organisations. The findings show that the earthquake has significantly impacted the industry and the government has not adequately used ICTs in the recovery activities. This study strongly advocates using ICT tools for the post-disaster tourism resilience.
	Address	University Of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Engineering, School Of Management & Leadership; University Of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Engineering, School Of Management & Leadership
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Enhancing Resilience of Natural, Built, and Socio-economic Environment	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1680
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	Author	Samaneh Madanian; David Airehrour; Marianne Cherrington; NikhilKumar Patil
	Title	Smart Cap for Visually Impaired in Disaster Situations			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	317-325
	Keywords	Visually Impaired, Resilience, Disaster, Smart Cap, Internet of Things.
	Abstract	Natural and manmade disasters pose a myriad of challenges, which are more severe for individuals with disabilities. Ordinarily to perform daily activities, the disabled get support from assistive technological devices and services; these are commonly disrupted during and after disasters. A proposed solution to support those with visual impairment is a cost-effective wearable 'Smart Cap'. The Smart Cap provides narratives about the surrounding environment while establishing communication between the user (the visually impaired) and a rich online reservoir of knowledge base system capable of vocalising narratives. As a proof-of-concept, this study is implemented using Raspberry Pi, the Amazon Web Services and a P-Cap fitted with a camera. The aim of this research work is to provide an assistive technology to help the visually impaired navigate their way out of any potentially disastrous situation like other citizens would. The proposed system and its usage in disaster situations is an innovative, cost-effective solution specifically addressing the needs of visually impaired persons.
	Address	Nmit; Nmit; Aut; Nmit
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Human centred design for collaborative systems supporting 4Rs (Reduction, Readiness, Response and Recovery)	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1661
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	Author	Ryo Otaka; Osamu Uchida; Keisuke Utsu
	Title	Prototype of Notification and Status Monitoring System Using LINE Smartphone Application to Support Local Communities			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	450-458
	Keywords	Care, Application, Social media
	Abstract	Japanese society is aging rapidly, so an increasing number of households currently consists of only elderly single people or couples. We propose a system that uses LINE (a mobile communication application) for sending notices containing information from local governments to elderly or physically disabled people, as well as for efficient monitoring by local governments and social workers of the health conditions and statuses of such people. Our system can be used by anyone who has a smartphone with LINE installed. We have also conducted an operational test of a prototype of our system.
	Address	Tokai University; Tokai University; Tokai University
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1659
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	Author	Robert Power; Bella Robinson; David Alexander; Mahesh Prakash
	Title	Predicting Demand for Government Services during Disaster Events			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	89-96
	Keywords	Situation Awareness, Data Integration, Disaster Management, Crisis Coordination
	Abstract	Smart Service Queensland (SSQ) is the 'front door' to the Queensland State Government in Australia, providing services and information for citizens and businesses. Services are delivered through online channels, call centres and face-to-face service centres. Rostering to adequately staff the call centres during business as usual demand is well supported using existing workforce planning tools and content management systems alongside real-time telephonic monitoring. However, during times of large scale emergency events, such as floods and tropical cyclones, effective workforce planning heavily relies upon experienced SSQ personnel constantly monitoring and updating call centre staffing levels leading up to and during the disaster event to ensure customer demands are met. Achieving the right balance of call centre servicing without over provisioning is a challenging task. We present a prototype analytics tool that supports the SSQ Forecast Analyst responsible for workforce planning during disaster events and provides initial results of modelling caller behavior during two recent tropical cyclones. The tool provides a single point of reference to a wide collection of relevant datasets, including population demographics and details of the natural and built environment, data feeds describing the emergency event under investigation, relevant social media posts and call centre operations metrics. The tool is an early proof of concept demonstrator highlighting the utility of data integration, web mapping, real-time event monitoring, and predictive modelling.
	Address	Csiro; Csiro; Csiro; Csiro
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Monitoring and Alerting Systems supporting Business as Usual and Emergency Warnings	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1668
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	Author	Reem Abbas; Tony Norris; Dave Parry
	Title	Disaster Healthcare: An Attempt to Model Cross-Agency CommunicationIn Disasters			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	504-515
	Keywords	Disaster healthcare, cross-agency communication, minimum datasets
	Abstract	In disasters, several national, international, and non-governmental organisations such as police, health, ambulance, fire and civil defence services are usually involved in the response process. Therefore, it is crucial that responding agencies communicate effectively to avoid fragmentation and duplication in services, to harmonise separate activities, and to clarify roles and responsibilities. Central to communication is information exchange. Effective information exchange enhances not only the appropriateness and success of disaster response, it also ensures timeliness. However, cross-agency communication is extremely challenging especially at times when there are high stress levels, incomplete data, and minimum time to make critical decisions. This paper attempts to specify a 'best-practice' model for cross-agency communication built around the specific information requirements of disaster management and disaster medicine agencies, with the aim of improving the overall quality of healthcare services provided to disaster victims.
	Address	Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Information systems for disaster healthcare	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1663
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	Author	Phil Hanson; Caitlin McDougall
	Title	Enabling Collaborative and Resilient Emergency Management Efforts: DFES and Western Australia's Adoption of a Common Operating Picture			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	75-82
	Keywords	Collaboration, resilience, common operating picture, emergency management, preparedness
	Abstract	Following two Major Incident Reviews and a request from WA's governing emergency management body, DFES WA acknowledged that their incident management processes were not supporting seamless communication and collaboration. After identifying their unique needs, DFES implemented two web-enabled platforms: WebEOC, a Crisis Information Management System and Whispir, a multichannel notifications solution. Both systems offer DFES and, in turn, WA communities a level of transparency, collaboration and accuracy not previously available. Recently, six of WA's key government agencies have connected their WebEOC platforms via a single information hub. Through this, they can share and disseminate crucial information within a common operating picture, have complete situational awareness, and rapidly and intelligently prepare for and respond to incidents. WA is the first Australian state to have such a platform implemented and, through these efforts, its agencies are ensuring increased efficiency, collaboration and resiliency for themselves and the wider WA population.
	Address	Critchlow Ltd.; Critchlow Ltd.
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Resilience to cope with the unexpected	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1657
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	Author	Peng Xia; Ji Ruan; Dave Parry
	Title	Virtual Reality for Emergency Healthcare Training			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	494-503
	Keywords	Virtual Reality, Emergency Healthcare, Training, Workflow, Quantitative Research
	Abstract	Given the rising trend of natural and technological disasters in recent years, the demands for emergency responders are on the rise. One main challenge is how to cost-effectively train emergency responders. In this research, we aim to explore of the usage of Virtual Reality (VR) technology in an emergency healthcare training setting. We start with the following two research questions: (1) how to implement the VR technology to be used in the emergency healthcare training; and (2) how to evaluate the effectiveness of our implementation. To address the question (1), we construct emergency healthcare workflows from reference sources, convert them into process diagrams, and develop a VR software that allows users to carry out the processes in a virtual environment. To address question (2), we design an experiment that collect participants's personal data (features such as Age, Technical background etc.) and the performance data (such as timespan, avatar moving distance, etc.) generated during the training sessions. Ten participants were recruited and each performed three training sessions. We evaluate the data collected and have the following three conclusions: (a) despite the different personal features, the participants, after repeated trainings, can improve their performance with reduced timespan and moving distance; and (b) the technical background plays the most significant role among other features in affecting timespan in our VR-based training.
	Address	Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Information systems for disaster healthcare	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1647
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	Author	Nguyen Bang Tran; Mihai Tanase; Lauren Bennett; Cristina Aponte
	Title	Evaluation of spectral indices for assessing fire severity in Victorian temperate forests, Australia			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	213-222
	Keywords	Fire severity; spectral indices; obligate seeder; resprouter; temperate forests
	Abstract	ABSTRACT Victorian temperate forests, characterized by variable wildfire response traits, such an analysis is missing hindering fire impact estimation over large areas on operational basis. To close this gap, we have evaluated 10 remotely sensed indices across eight areas affected by wildfires in 1998, 2006, 2007, and 2009 which comprise 13 forest types. The analysis was carried out at forest type level and as a function of the regeneration strategies (seeders, basal and epicormic reporters) and structure (tree height and canopy cover) with the six forest groups. Index performance was evaluated by (i) examining index response across four fire severity levels, (ii) the separability index, and (iii) the optimality values analysis. A ranking scoring system was used to compare the index performance to distinguish among severity classes. Initial results demonstrated that there hasn't been a consistency of the best indices capacity but there a consistently worse index among forest groups.
	Address	School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne, 500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, Victoria 3121; School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne, 500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, Victoria 3121; School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, Victoria 3363, Australia; School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, Victoria 3121, Australia; Faculty of Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture; Department of Geology, Geography and Environment, University of Alcala, C. Colegios 2, Alcala de Henares 28801
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Geospatial and temporal information capture, management, and analytics in support of Disaster Decision Making	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1683
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	Author	Nadeera Ahagama; Raj Prasanna
	Title	Disaster Knowledge Transfer in Networks: Enablers and Barriers			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	110-122
	Keywords	Disaster, Knowledge Transfer, networks, Knowledge Management models
	Abstract	Most countries are now establishing multi-stakeholder, multi-institutional networks and partnerships to respond to flood disasters. The paucity of research directed towards knowledge transfer in networks keeps some important research questions unanswered. These include (1) how the knowledge of a certain disaster management stakeholder (or a group) is transferred to other stakeholders during the disaster response, and (2) what are the barriers and enablers of knowledge transfer in multi-stakeholder environments. This article analyses knowledge transfer practices employed by a selected local government agency and a community group in Sri Lanka and reflects on the practices with the help of Hedlund's Knowledge Management Model (1994). The grounded theory analysis was used in this study to present the enablers and barriers of knowledge transfer in this context and the findings have a great potential to be used in future research towards developing knowledge management models specific to disaster response.
	Address	University of Colombo; Joint Centre for Disaster Research / Massey University
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Data Issues for Situation/Disaster Awareness	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1686
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	Author	Miles Crawford; Wendy Saunders; Emma Hudson-Doyle; David Johnston
	Title	End-user perceptions of natural hazard risk modeling across policy-making, land-use planning, and emergency management within New Zealand local government			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	550-560
	Keywords	End-user perception, risk modelling, natural hazards, local government, New Zealand
	Abstract	While the development of risk modelling has focussed on improving model accuracy and modeller expertise, less consideration has been given to understanding how risk models are perceived and used by the end-user. In this think-piece, we explore how risk modelling is perceived and used by three different end-user functions for natural hazard risk management in New Zealand local government: policy-making, land-use planning, and emergency management. We find that risk modelling is: valued and used by policy-makers; less valued within land-use planning and not as widely used; and valued within emergency planning but not as widely used. We offer our thoughts as to why this is the case with reference to focus groups and qualitative interviews held with local government natural hazard risk end-users across the Wellington, Hawke's Bay and Gisborne regions of New Zealand. We conclude with recommendations for how risk modelling can be further developed to increase community resilience.
	Address	GNS Science; Joint Centre for Disaster Research (JCDR), Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research (JCDR), Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research (JCDR), Massey University; GNS Science
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Enhancing Resilience of Natural, Built, and Socio-economic Environment	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1687
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	Author	Maryam Shahbazi; Christian Ehnis; Majid Shahbazi; Deborah Bunker
	Title	Tweeting from the Shadows: Social Media Convergence Behaviour During the 2017 Iran-Iraq Earthquake			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	416-427
	Keywords	Social Media Crisis Communication, Convergence Behaviour, Earthquake, Natural Disaster
	Abstract	Official policies, socioeconomic and demographic factors influence how individuals cope with, and respond to natural disasters. Understanding the impact of these factors in social media crisis communications studies is difficult. This paper focuses on convergence behaviour during social media crisis communication in an environment where the access to commercial social media platforms is highly restricted. This study is designed as a case which analyses 41,745 Tweets communicated during an earthquake event and for the two weeks after. This research aims to understand how different communities use social media services for communication during extreme events. The content of the Tweets shows users' attitudes toward government policies as well as the social difficulties of ethnic groups reflecting on the use of social media in crises communication. The results indicate a “political effect” on this online crisis communication. This behaviour was not expected and has been underreported in the current body of knowledge.
	Address	The University of Sydney; The University of Sydney; Azad University; The University of Sydney
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1682
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	Author	Marta Poblet Balcell; Stan Karanasios; Vanessa Cooper
	Title	Look after Your Neighbours: Social Media and Vulnerable Groups during Extreme Weather Events			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	408-415
	Keywords	Social media, vulnerable populations, extreme weather events, emergency management organisations
	Abstract	Emergency management organisations across the world routinely use social media to reach out populations for preparedness and response to extreme weather events. In this paper we present a preliminary analysis of social media strategies towards vulnerable populations in the State of Victoria (Australia). Using the notion of vulnerability in an emergency management context (e.g. older persons, socially/geographically isolated persons, people with disabilities, refugee/recent migrant communities) we explore whether and how organisations address vulnerable groups with targeted messages. Our initial findings suggest that organisations do not tend to interact directly with these groups. Rather, reliance on 'information brokers' (intermediary organisations and individuals with an expected duty of care) seems to be a preferred strategy.
	Address	RMIT University; RMIT University; RMIT University
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1679
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	Author	Marion Lara Tan; Raj Prasanna; Kristin Stock; Emma Hudson-Doyle; Graham Leonard; David Johnston
	Title	Usability Factors Affecting the Continuance Intention of Disaster Apps			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	326-338
	Keywords	disaster apps, usability, continuance intention
	Abstract	Multiple disaster mobile applications (apps) already exist for public use; however, availability does not automatically translate to continued usage. Limited research has explored whether disaster apps are usable and whether the apps' usability affects users' intent for continued use. The paper presents a work-in-progress study that aims to test a usability-continuance intention model for the specific context of disaster apps. The study theorises seven usability factors that influence continued intention to use. An online usability survey was used to gather user experience data on disaster apps. Initial findings, through structural equational modelling, showed that five of the seven usability factors have a significant relationship to continuance intention. Although the relationships have different weights and directions, key influencers to users' intent to continue usage are app utility, app dependability, interface output, interface input, and interface graphics. The next step of the study will investigate the mediating effects of the factors and the moderating effects of users' experience and technological comfort.
	Address	Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; GNS Science; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; GNS Science
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Human centred design for collaborative systems supporting 4Rs (Reduction, Readiness, Response and Recovery)	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1643
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	Author	Linlin Ge; Alex Ng; Zheyuan Du
	Title	Time Series Satellite InSAR Technique for Disaster Prevention?			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	200-212
	Keywords	InSAR, Foshan, Guangzhou, CSK, subsidence
	Abstract	Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has been widely used for mapping terrain and monitoring ground deformation. For example, the advanced time series InSAR (TS-InSAR) technique has been increasingly used to measure mm-level urban deformation. Subsidence from underground tunnel excavation has been known for more than a decade in Guangzhou and Foshan in Southern China, but past studies have only monitored the subsidence patterns as far as 2011 using InSAR. In this study, the deformation occurring during the most recent time-period between 2011 and 2017 has been measured using COSMO-SkyMed (CSK). We found that significant surface displacement rates occurred in the study area varying from -35 mm/year to 10 mm/year. A comparison between temporal and spatial patterns of deformations from our TS-InSAR measurements and different land use types in Guangzhou shows that there is no clear relationship between them. A detailed analysis on the sinkhole collapsed in early 2018 has been conducted, suggesting that surface loading may be a controlling factor of the subsidence, especially along the road and highway. Continuous monitoring of the deforming areas is important in order to minimise the risk of land subsidence and prevention of disasters.
	Address	UNSW Sydney; Guangdong University of Technology; UNSW Sydney
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Geospatial and temporal information capture, management, and analytics in support of Disaster Decision Making	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1674
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	Author	Linda Plotnick; Starr Roxanne Hiltz; Sukeshini Grandhi; Julie Dugdale
	Title	Real or Fake? User Behavior and Attitudes Related to Determining the Veracity of Social Media Posts			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	439-449
	Keywords	Social media, trustworthiness, fake news
	Abstract	Citizens and Emergency Managers need to be able to distinguish “fake” (untrue) news posts from real news posts on social media during disasters. This paper is based on an online survey conducted in 2018 that produced 341 responses from invitations distributed via email and through Facebook. It explores to what extent and how citizens generally assess whether postings are “true” or “fake,” and describes indicators of the trustworthiness of content that users would like. The mean response on a semantic differential scale measuring how frequently users attempt to verify the news trustworthiness (a scale from 1-never to 5-always) was 3.37. The most frequent message characteristics citizens' use are grammar and the trustworthiness of the sender. Most respondents would find an indicator of trustworthiness helpful, with the most popular choice being a colored graphic. Limitations and implications for assessments of trustworthiness during disasters are discussed.
	Address	New Jersey Institute of Technology; Eastern Connecticut State University; New Jersey Institute of Technology; University of Grenoble
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	ISCRAM @ idladmin @			Serial	1665
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	Author	Liam Wotherspoon; Conrad Zorn; Alistair Davies
	Title	Infrastructure Failures and Recovery from an Alpine Fault Earthquake Scenario			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	525-533
	Keywords	Critical Infrastructure; Recovery; Alpine Fault; Risk reduction; Disaster Preparedness
	Abstract	In this paper, utilising the core Project AF8 Alpine Fault earthquake scenario, we detail hazard exposure, impacts, and recovery of interdependent critical infrastructure networks across the energy, transportation, water & waste, and telecommunications sectors across the South Island of New Zealand. Asset failures are simulated across each individual network, based on shaking intensities, exposure to co-seismic hazards and estimated component fragilities, which have been further refined and validated through expert elicitation. Network disruptions are then propagated across an interdependent network framework to quantify and delineate the spatial reach of both direct and indirect failures. By incorporating recovery strategies, temporal changes in service levels are quantified to offer insights into expected interdependent network performance and the possible disconnection of communities from the nationally connected networks, otherwise not apparent when studying each infrastructure in isolation.
	Address	University of Oxford; University of Canterbury; University of Auckland
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Enhancing Resilience of Natural, Built, and Socio-economic Environment	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1671
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	Author	Lev Zhuravsky
	Title	Responding to Disaster: Resilience Engineering and Shared Leadership in Coping with Unexpected			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific.	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram Ap 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	69-74
	Keywords	Resilience Engineering, Shared leadership, Christchurch earthquake, Acute medicine
	Abstract	The magnitude 6.3 Christchurch earthquake struck the city at 12:51pm on Tuesday, 22 February 2011. Christchurch Hospital sustained damage following the earthquake which severely strained the hospital's ability to function at regular capacity. Three acute medical wards had to be evacuated immediately after the earthquake and relocated to an older person's health hospital. This insight paper makes a unique contribution to the field of resilience by demonstrating the practical application and positive impact of the Resilience Engineering and shared leadership to team performance in one of the relocated acute medical wards during the initial two years following the earthquake. This paper which is still work in progress was developed from the experiences and reflections of the author, who was a charge nurse manager of one of the relocated wards and led a nursing team during the earthquake, evacuation, and relocation. Taking RE model as a framework for creating resilience in complex and unexpected environment proved to be a very positive experience which created multiple learnings and prompted the team to develop sustained resilience at personal, interpersonal and professional levels. Working on this insight paper prompted the author to explore possible application of Resilient Engineering in health care environment, taking it as foundation principle of developing resilient health care in the context of complex adaptive systems. This transformed onto Ph.D. research which will be submitted to the conference colloquium.
	Address	Waitemata District Health Board
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Massey Univeristy	Place of Publication	Albany, Auckland, New Zealand	Editor	Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Track	Resilience to cope with the unexpected	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1644
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