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Author Klaus Kremer pdf  openurl
  Title Critical human factors in UI design:How calm technology can inform anticipatory interfaces for limited situational awareness Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 286-294  
  Keywords HCI, NUI, calm technology, perception, emergency response  
  Abstract Contemporary information and wayfinding design often disregard the changing personal circumstances and mental state of the user. This paper explores concepts and methodologies in user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) design to increase comprehension and retention through the inclusion of human centered design principles and a focus on the participants' individual context, mental state and abilities. The paper focuses on human factors and comprehension in fast changing situations demanding a sudden high cognitive load from the affected. In a highly stressed condition, visual perception and situation awareness may be restricted due to the impact of sensory symptoms (panic, tunnel vision or limited motor skills), thus calling for a linear course of action to enable the user to concentrate at the task at hand. Many user interfaces (UI) are designed for a specific task, but are limited in function if used in a context contrary to its original intent. Paired with the real-time data collecting abilities of current mobile devices, the model of calm technology can offer new ways of implementing anticipatory and adaptive UI in applications. Calm technology is capable of seamlessly moving in and out of the periphery of the experience and only comes into focus when needed. It can be consciously included, but intentionally unnoticeable features of a design utilising contextual information to adapt its behaviour and aid in calming an agitated person. Considering and incorporating the concepts of calm technology as a second layer into every day applications can not only aid in the perception of the displayed information but also offer an advantage in timely decision making.  
  Address School of Design/ Massey University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Human centred design for collaborative systems supporting 4Rs (Reduction, Readiness, Response and Recovery) Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1642  
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Author Marion Lara Tan; Raj Prasanna; Kristin Stock; Emma Hudson-Doyle; Graham Leonard; David Johnston pdf  openurl
  Title Usability Factors Affecting the Continuance Intention of Disaster Apps Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 326-338  
  Keywords disaster apps, usability, continuance intention  
  Abstract Multiple disaster mobile applications (apps) already exist for public use; however, availability does not automatically translate to continued usage. Limited research has explored whether disaster apps are usable and whether the apps' usability affects users' intent for continued use. The paper presents a work-in-progress study that aims to test a usability-continuance intention model for the specific context of disaster apps. The study theorises seven usability factors that influence continued intention to use. An online usability survey was used to gather user experience data on disaster apps. Initial findings, through structural equational modelling, showed that five of the seven usability factors have a significant relationship to continuance intention. Although the relationships have different weights and directions, key influencers to users' intent to continue usage are app utility, app dependability, interface output, interface input, and interface graphics. The next step of the study will investigate the mediating effects of the factors and the moderating effects of users' experience and technological comfort.  
  Address Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; GNS Science; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; GNS Science  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Human centred design for collaborative systems supporting 4Rs (Reduction, Readiness, Response and Recovery) Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1643  
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Author Lev Zhuravsky pdf  openurl
  Title Responding to Disaster: Resilience Engineering and Shared Leadership in Coping with Unexpected Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 69-74  
  Keywords Resilience Engineering, Shared leadership, Christchurch earthquake, Acute medicine  
  Abstract The magnitude 6.3 Christchurch earthquake struck the city at 12:51pm on Tuesday, 22 February 2011. Christchurch Hospital sustained damage following the earthquake which severely strained the hospital's ability to function at regular capacity. Three acute medical wards had to be evacuated immediately after the earthquake and relocated to an older person's health hospital. This insight paper makes a unique contribution to the field of resilience by demonstrating the practical application and positive impact of the Resilience Engineering and shared leadership to team performance in one of the relocated acute medical wards during the initial two years following the earthquake. This paper which is still work in progress was developed from the experiences and reflections of the author, who was a charge nurse manager of one of the relocated wards and led a nursing team during the earthquake, evacuation, and relocation. Taking RE model as a framework for creating resilience in complex and unexpected environment proved to be a very positive experience which created multiple learnings and prompted the team to develop sustained resilience at personal, interpersonal and professional levels. Working on this insight paper prompted the author to explore possible application of Resilient Engineering in health care environment, taking it as foundation principle of developing resilient health care in the context of complex adaptive systems. This transformed onto Ph.D. research which will be submitted to the conference colloquium.  
  Address Waitemata District Health Board  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Resilience to cope with the unexpected Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1644  
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Author Yasir Imtiaz Syed; Raj Prasanna; S Uma; Kristin Stock; Denise Blake pdf  openurl
  Title A Design Science based Simulation Framework for Critical Infrastructure Interdependency Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 516-524  
  Keywords Infrastructure, interdependency, electricity, road, restoration.  
  Abstract Critical Infrastructures (CI) such as electricity, water, fuel, telecommunication and road networks are a crucial factor for secure and reliable operation of a society. In a normal situation, most of the businesses operate on an individual infrastructure. However, after major natural disasters such as earthquakes, the conflicts and complex interdependencies among the different infrastructures can cause significant disturbances because a failure can propagate from one infrastructure to another. This paper discusses the development of an integrated simulation framework that models interdependencies between electricity and road infrastructure networks of Wellington region. The framework uses a damage map of electricity network components and integrates them with road access time to the damaged components for determining electricity outage time of a region. The results can be used for recovery planning, identification of vulnerabilities, and adding or discarding redundancies in an infrastructure network.  
  Address Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University; School of Psychology, Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; GNS Science; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Enhancing Resilience of Natural, Built, and Socio-economic Environment Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1645  
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Author Derek Phyn pdf  openurl
  Title New Zealand GIS for Emergency Management (NZGIS4EM): Making GIS and its practitioners integral to emergency management in New Zealand Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 223-232  
  Keywords GIS Emergency Management New Zealand  
  Abstract Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have often been poorly considered, planned and implemented across New Zealand's emergency management sector. GIS practitioners involved in emergency management events are often the ones who suffer the consequences of this. Recent significant events have reinforced both the need for a nation-wide coordinated, planned and pro-active approach to implementing GIS for emergency management, and the advantages that GIS can offer to the emergency management sector if implemented properly. This paper offers insights into the “grass roots” foundation of a community called New Zealand GIS for Emergency Management (NZGIS4EM) to address these issues. In its founding year (2017/2018) the priority for an interim NZGIS4EM committee has been to establish the foundation of the community, this is primarily administrative projects. Several other subject targeted projects are also underway or planned relating to data, standards, symbology, common operating picture and interoperability. Key challenges for NZGIS4EM relate to a shortage of funding, logistics of physical meetings, current lack of governance and a lack of legal mandate in New Zealand to enforce standards for emergency management. Attention in the sector is now moving towards the implementation of a Common Operating (or Operational) Picture (COP). Key messages that the author believes are pertinent include: that it's not all about the tools; plan big, but then prioritise and implement small; ensure the COP is used BAU; minimal or no training should be required; ensure it is quicker for frontline users; ensure there is a plan B and a plan C if the internet and/or power goes out; identify and lobby agencies who should be the authoritative source of truth for essential data; implement phases of response for information requirements; consider national and/or regional hosting of platforms, and; recognize that real-time crowd sourced data may be the future of intelligence and plan for that.  
  Address Waikato Regional Council  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Geospatial and temporal information capture, management, and analytics in support of Disaster Decision Making Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1646  
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Author Peng Xia; Ji Ruan; Dave Parry pdf  openurl
  Title Virtual Reality for Emergency Healthcare Training Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 494-503  
  Keywords Virtual Reality, Emergency Healthcare, Training, Workflow, Quantitative Research  
  Abstract Given the rising trend of natural and technological disasters in recent years, the demands for emergency responders are on the rise. One main challenge is how to cost-effectively train emergency responders. In this research, we aim to explore of the usage of Virtual Reality (VR) technology in an emergency healthcare training setting. We start with the following two research questions: (1) how to implement the VR technology to be used in the emergency healthcare training; and (2) how to evaluate the effectiveness of our implementation. To address the question (1), we construct emergency healthcare workflows from reference sources, convert them into process diagrams, and develop a VR software that allows users to carry out the processes in a virtual environment. To address question (2), we design an experiment that collect participants's personal data (features such as Age, Technical background etc.) and the performance data (such as timespan, avatar moving distance, etc.) generated during the training sessions. Ten participants were recruited and each performed three training sessions. We evaluate the data collected and have the following three conclusions: (a) despite the different personal features, the participants, after repeated trainings, can improve their performance with reduced timespan and moving distance; and (b) the technical background plays the most significant role among other features in affecting timespan in our VR-based training.  
  Address Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Information systems for disaster healthcare Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1647  
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Author Cécile L'Hermitte; William Wang; Eric Deakins pdf  openurl
  Title Exploring the Physical Internet concept to improve disaster relief operations Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 12-27  
  Keywords Emergency Response; Disaster Relief; Physical Internet; Logistics; Supply Chain Management  
  Abstract Successful disaster relief operations call for responsive and flexible movements of goods in order to make the relief items available when and where they are needed by the affected communities. The objective of this explorative research is to investigate the applicability of the Physical Internet to emergency relief operations. The Physical Internet is a groundbreaking logistical system in which standardised, modular packages are automatically routed from origin to destination through a hyperconnected network of logistics providers and facilities. Although the concept is receiving growing attention from academics, practitioners and policy makers, research in the disaster management context is virtually non-existent. Based on a review of the relevant academic literature and publicly available information from emergency responding agencies and the media, we firstly use the Kaikoura earthquake that occurred in the South Island of New Zealand on 14th November 2016 to identify six key requirements that support the efficient movement of relief items in the aftermath of a disaster. We then identify six characteristics of the Physical Internet and explore how these characteristics can support the requirements of emergency response operations. We conclude that the Physical Internet principles have the potential to enhance the speed, flexibility and reliability of emergency responses. In other words, a fully integrated and collaborative logistics system in which relief items and information move seamlessly across a web of interconnected transport modes and operators can increase the efficient deployment of urgently needed relief items. This study extends the Physical Internet principles to emergency relief operations and identifies new ways of improving and optimising the logistics of emergency responses. In doing so, this research aims to stimulate debate within the disaster relief sector.  
  Address University of Waikato; University of Waikato; University of Waikato  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Resilience to cope with the unexpected Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1648  
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Author Iva Seto; David Johnstone; Jennifer Campbell-Meier pdf  openurl
  Title Experts' sensemaking during the 2003 SARS crisis Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 44-55  
  Keywords crisis informatics; public health crisis; SARS; social sensemaking; organisational learning  
  Abstract This paper depicts the real-time sensemaking of experts as they worked to combat the first emerging disease of the 21st century: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Newspaper data was analysed from the 2003 SARS crisis, with a Canadian perspective, to follow the process of solving the puzzle of this emerging disease. Retrospective sensemaking is a process that is triggered by the unexpected, which leads to actors gathering information (taking action) in order to consider possible interpretations for the unexpected event. Disease outbreaks serve as sensemaking triggers, and actors engage in retrospective sensemaking to find out the factors involved in how the outbreak happened. Prospective sensemaking (future-oriented) is employed when actors work together to plan how to combat the disease. The newspaper data demonstrate that retrospective and prospective sensemaking are tethered: to make plans to combat a disease, actors first require a collectively agreed upon understanding from which they can generate possibilities for a crisis response. This paper contributes to the field by providing concepts for long-duration crisis sensemaking, as the bulk of organisational research focuses on acute crises such as wildfires, or earthquakes.  
  Address Victoria University of Wellington; Victoria University of Wellington; Victoria University of Wellington  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Resilience to cope with the unexpected Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1649  
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Author Emma Hudson-Doyle; Douglas Paton; David Johnston pdf  openurl
  Title Reflections on the communication of uncertainty: developing decision-relevant information Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 166-189  
  Keywords Uncertainty, Communication, Decision-making, Participatory, Advice  
  Abstract Successful emergency management decision-making during natural hazard events is fundamentally dependent upon individual and team situation awareness (i.e., how selection, interpretation, and understanding of available information defines the problem and identifies solutions) while operating under high time and risk pressures. The development and evolution of SA, and response effectiveness during a crisis, depends upon information and advice from external experts. This advice is characterised by stochastic (system variability) and epistemic (lack of knowledge) uncertainty, constraining decision-making and blocking or delaying action. How this uncertainty is communicated, and managed, varies throughout the phases of emergency management. Through this 'Insight' paper, we review how people cope with uncertainty, individual and team factors that affect uncertainty communication, and inter-agency methods to enhance communication. We propose communicators move from a one-way dissemination of advice, towards two-way and participatory approaches that identify decision-relevant uncertainty information needs pre-event, for communication efforts to focus on in-event.  
  Address Joint Centre for Disaster Research / Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research / Massey University; College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University; GNS Science  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Data Issues for Situation/Disaster Awareness Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1650  
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Author Hans J Scholl; Karyn Hubbell; Jeff Leonard pdf  openurl
  Title Communications and Technology Challenges to Situational Awareness: Insights from the CR16 Exercise Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 28-43  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Saving and sustaining lives, stabilizing the incident, and protecting both environment and property from further damage are professional responders' first and foremost objectives when responding to any incident including a catastrophic one. For so doing, responders need to gain situational awareness (SA) so to effectively direct the response. Yet, in a catastrophic incident, critical infrastructures including response assets are damaged and disrupted, which leaves responders without the badly needed complete and verified information for days and even weeks. Critical communication and technology infrastructures used by responders are among those damaged and disrupted critical assets leading to both incomplete SA and a distorted common operating picture (COP). The lack of clear and comprehensive SA/COP and the disruption of communications and technology infrastructures seriously impedes incident commanders from efficiently directing the response effort. This study reports on communication and technology-relatedchallenges that emergency responders faced with regard to situational awareness in a recent large-scale exercise under the name of Cascadia Rising 2016 (CR16). The exercise involved a total of 23,000 active participants. Over four days in June of 2016, CR16 simulated the coordinated response to a rupture of the 800-mile Cascadia Subduction Zone resulting in a magnitude-9 earthquake and tsunami similar to the catastrophic incident in Eastern Japan in 2011. Responders at all levels were severely challenged, and the exercise revealed major vulnerabilities in critical communication and technology infrastructures. Situational awareness was very difficult to establish.  
  Address University of Washington; University of Washington; University of Washington  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Resilience to cope with the unexpected Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1651  
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Author Jamie Shackleton pdf  openurl
  Title Citizen Translation and a Community Engagement Approach to Promoting Preparedness in CALD Communities Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 400-407  
  Keywords Translation, CALD, Preparedness, Community Engagement  
  Abstract Emergency preparedness for CALD (culturally and linguistically diverse) communities has been identified as a significant gap in DRM (disaster risk management) research and practice. Using a community engagement approach, a practitioner in Wellington, New Zealand implemented a Citizen Translation project to have volunteers from 15 communities facilitate translations for a new local Earthquake Preparedness Guide, in partnership with local Civil Defense and an international crisis translation team, INTERACT. Initial findings have shown that consultation with community members over the translation of their language has been a powerful way to establish initial links into the community and instigate discussion and feedback about emergency preparedness; it has led to further projects including emergency messaging translations. This work in progress raises an important and often overlooked discourse on inclusiveness in DRM activities and the potential for community engagement to play a role with CALD community preparedness.  
  Address New Zealand Red Cross  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Understanding Risk, Risk Reduction, Consequences and Forecasting Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1652  
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Author Thomas Huggins; Stephen Hill; Robin Peace; David Johnston pdf  openurl
  Title Extending Ecological Rationality: Catching the High Balls of Disaster Management Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 295-309  
  Keywords decision-making, complexity, macrocognition, computational media, ecological rationality  
  Abstract The contemporary world is characterized by several large-scale hazards to human societies and the environments we live in, including the impacts of climate change. This paper outlines theories concerning cognitive psychology and complexity dynamics that help explain the challenges of responding to these hazards and the complex systems which create them. These theories are illustrated with a baseball metaphor, to highlight the need for decision-making strategies which do not rely on comprehensive information where comprehensive information is not available. The importance of tools which can support more efficient uses of limited information is also outlined, as is the way that these tools help combine the computational resources and acquired experience of several minds. Existing research has been used to investigate many of the concepts outlined. However, further research is required to coalesce cognitive theories with complexity theories and the analysis of group-level interactions, towards improving important disaster management decisions.  
  Address Joint Centre for Disaster Research / Massey University; Massey University; Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research / Massey University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Human centred design for collaborative systems supporting 4Rs (Reduction, Readiness, Response and Recovery) Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1653  
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Author Khiam Lee; Sanna Malinen; Nilakant Venkataraman pdf  openurl
  Title The enablers and barriers of inter-organisational collaboration in disaster management Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 310-316  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Inter-organisational collaboration is often cited as a factor in effective emergency response to mitigate risks and impacts of extreme events, such as natural disasters (James, 2011; Power, 2017). However, collaboration during times of emergencies is difficult as diverse roles and authorities of other organisations (Kapucu, 2008), differences in organisational cultures and systems in place (Bharosa, Lee, & Janssen, 2010; Mendonça, Jefferson, & Harrald, 2007) and difficulty in coordination and information sharing (Bharosa et al., 2010; Huxham, 1996) can hinder collaborative development. Moreover, previous research have not paid much attention to the enablers and barriers of such collaborations in disaster settings. This research aims to investigate how collaborative systems deal with uncertainty during disaster aftermath in Malaysia, including both barriers and enablers which influence inter-organisational collaboration in disaster environments. The study employs a qualitative methodology using a multiple-case study design. Malaysia National Disaster Management Agency (NADMA) was the focal organisation for this research, and units of analysis were two major floods that occurred in Malaysia in 2014 and 2017. Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with strategic and operational decision makers (from 11 different organisations) and disaster aid recipients. Qualitative research tools such as coding, memoing, constant comparison and theoretical saturation were applied to analyse the data (Charmaz, 2008). The initial findings to date detect salient enablers: proficiency of stakeholders in managing relationships, competent leaderships, and early preparedness; barriers include ambiguous organisational roles, weak legitimate framework and different perceptions on trust. This research has both academic and practical implications. The findings uncover how enablers and barriers influence collaboration between public agencies and its partners in emergencies. This research recommends solutions to collaboration barriers, and discusses how multiple partners can cooperate to resolve problems too complex for any one single organisation to manage on their own. Khiam LEE  
  Address University of Canterbury; University of Canterbury; University of Canterbury  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Human centred design for collaborative systems supporting 4Rs (Reduction, Readiness, Response and Recovery) Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1654  
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Author Cedric Papion pdf  openurl
  Title Water supply network resilience in the Wellington Region Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 263-271  
  Keywords Water supply, seismic resilience, geo-spatial optimization  
  Abstract Wellington sits across an active seismic fault line and depends on remote sources for its water supply. With widespread damage expected after a large earthquake, it may be months before a minimal water supply is restored to residents, and even longer before it reaches the tap. This paper presents a recent study undertaken to identify network vulnerabilities and take water supply resilience to the next level. The study presented a possible timeline for repairs to the bulk network and restoration of supply to each suburb's reservoir. This highlighted the most critical areas where an alternative supply or storage was needed. The study also considered how to get the water to the customers after the reticulation network had been damaged. The strategy considered by Wellington Water was to develop a seismically-resilient skeleton network connecting reservoirs and key distribution points. A notable innovation was the use of algorithms to determine optimal locations for public tap stands and identify the most cost-effective critical pipe network where strengthening upgrades needed to be focused. The aspects of the project concerning its significance for the region, the overall resilience strategy and the pipeline resilience engineering were presented at the Institute of Public Works Engineering Australasia (IPWEA) and Water NZ conferences in 2017. While this paper touches on these subjects, its main focus is on the use of geospatial information for earthquake preparedness and resilience planning.  
  Address Stantec  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Geospatial and temporal information capture, management, and analytics in support of Disaster Decision Making Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1655  
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Author Jeff Maunder pdf  openurl
  Title The Geospatial Intelligence Continuum during Sudden Onset Disaster Response Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 246-253  
  Keywords USAR, DART GeoInt, Geo-Spatial, Intelligence  
  Abstract This document will discuss the current methodologies used by New Zealand DART and USAR teams to collect manage, analyse and report on information gathered during the initial and subsequent phases of deployments to a sudden onset disaster (SOD). This will include some of the experiences that have formed the current methodology and the outcomes of disaster events with new methodologies applied. It will further identify and discuss the current systems and processes in place and how they have come about, and then identify a range of opportunities and issues that exist within the Geospatial Intelligence environment to be more effective, both in systems and the development of partnerships to enhance the usability and intuitive nature of these systems and methods. Finally, the discussion will look to identify a future state for responders to SOD's and the ability and outcomes of proposed and imagined future systems, leveraging off the current Esri packages to provide a starting platform and a desired end state.  
  Address Fire and Emergency New Zealand  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Geospatial and temporal information capture, management, and analytics in support of Disaster Decision Making Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1656  
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Author Phil Hanson; Caitlin McDougall pdf  openurl
  Title Enabling Collaborative and Resilient Emergency Management Efforts: DFES and Western Australia's Adoption of a Common Operating Picture Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 75-82  
  Keywords Collaboration, resilience, common operating picture, emergency management, preparedness  
  Abstract Following two Major Incident Reviews and a request from WA's governing emergency management body, DFES WA acknowledged that their incident management processes were not supporting seamless communication and collaboration. After identifying their unique needs, DFES implemented two web-enabled platforms: WebEOC, a Crisis Information Management System and Whispir, a multichannel notifications solution. Both systems offer DFES and, in turn, WA communities a level of transparency, collaboration and accuracy not previously available. Recently, six of WA's key government agencies have connected their WebEOC platforms via a single information hub. Through this, they can share and disseminate crucial information within a common operating picture, have complete situational awareness, and rapidly and intelligently prepare for and respond to incidents. WA is the first Australian state to have such a platform implemented and, through these efforts, its agencies are ensuring increased efficiency, collaboration and resiliency for themselves and the wider WA population.  
  Address Critchlow Ltd.; Critchlow Ltd.  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Resilience to cope with the unexpected Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1657  
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Author Teresa Gordon; Hamish Keith; Todd Velvin pdf  openurl
  Title Insight into the Emergency Mobile Alert system and Public Information Management in New Zealand Insight into the Emergency Mobile Alert system and Public Information Management in New Zealand Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 103-109  
  Keywords Emergency Mobile Alert Cell Broadcasting  
  Abstract New Plymouth city's water supply infrastructure suffered major damage as Ex-Tropical Cyclone Gita passed over New Zealand on 20 February 2018. By 1950 hours a State of Local Emergency had been declared due to the disruption of the drinking water supply in New Plymouth and power supply across the region. This report focuses on the feedback received by the Taranaki CDEM Group Public Information Management team following activation of the Emergency Mobile Alert (EMA) system on the evening of Wednesday 21 February 2018, to warn people in New Plymouth District that tap water must be boiled. The report gives a practitioner's insight into making the decision to send one of New Zealand's first EMAs and the subsequent handset issues experienced by members of the public with this new system, including various misunderstandings about how the EMA system works.  
  Address Taranaki Civil Defence Emergency Management Group; Ministry of Civil Defence Emergency Management; Taranaki Civil Defence Emergency Management Group  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Monitoring and Alerting Systems supporting Business as Usual and Emergency Warnings Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1658  
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Author Ryo Otaka; Osamu Uchida; Keisuke Utsu pdf  openurl
  Title Prototype of Notification and Status Monitoring System Using LINE Smartphone Application to Support Local Communities Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 450-458  
  Keywords Care, Application, Social media  
  Abstract Japanese society is aging rapidly, so an increasing number of households currently consists of only elderly single people or couples. We propose a system that uses LINE (a mobile communication application) for sending notices containing information from local governments to elderly or physically disabled people, as well as for efficient monitoring by local governments and social workers of the health conditions and statuses of such people. Our system can be used by anyone who has a smartphone with LINE installed. We have also conducted an operational test of a prototype of our system.  
  Address Tokai University; Tokai University; Tokai University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1659  
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Author Shuji Nishikawa; Osamu Uchida; Keisuke Utsu pdf  openurl
  Title Introduction of a Tracking Map to a Web Application for Location Recording and Rescue Request Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 459-468  
  Keywords Location information, Rescue request, Disaster  
  Abstract We developed a web application for location recording and rescue request using Twitter (T-Pl@ce). This application helps supported users (e.g., older adults, persons with disabilities, and children) who require support to share their location coordinates via Twitter. Supporting users (e.g., families, relatives, or neighbors) of the supported user can then check the location coordinates of the supported user when required. When the supported user needs to be rescued, he/she can post a rescue request on Twitter by pressing the “Rescue request” button on the application. In this study, we introduce the e-mail notification function to reliably notify a rescue request to the system administrator. In addition, to track the location of the supported user, we introduce a location tracking function. Then, the administrator, the emergency assistance employees (e.g., rescue experts or social workers), or the supporting user can refer to the request and the location tracking page and execute the support and rescue activities.  
  Address Tokai University; Tokai University; Tokai University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1660  
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Author Samaneh Madanian; David Airehrour; Marianne Cherrington; NikhilKumar Patil pdf  openurl
  Title Smart Cap for Visually Impaired in Disaster Situations Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 317-325  
  Keywords Visually Impaired, Resilience, Disaster, Smart Cap, Internet of Things.  
  Abstract Natural and manmade disasters pose a myriad of challenges, which are more severe for individuals with disabilities. Ordinarily to perform daily activities, the disabled get support from assistive technological devices and services; these are commonly disrupted during and after disasters. A proposed solution to support those with visual impairment is a cost-effective wearable 'Smart Cap'. The Smart Cap provides narratives about the surrounding environment while establishing communication between the user (the visually impaired) and a rich online reservoir of knowledge base system capable of vocalising narratives. As a proof-of-concept, this study is implemented using Raspberry Pi, the Amazon Web Services and a P-Cap fitted with a camera. The aim of this research work is to provide an assistive technology to help the visually impaired navigate their way out of any potentially disastrous situation like other citizens would. The proposed system and its usage in disaster situations is an innovative, cost-effective solution specifically addressing the needs of visually impaired persons.  
  Address Nmit; Nmit; Aut; Nmit  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Human centred design for collaborative systems supporting 4Rs (Reduction, Readiness, Response and Recovery) Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1661  
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Author Diana De Alwis; Ilan Noy pdf  openurl
  Title Sri Lankan Households a Decade after the Indian Ocean Tsunami Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 339-350  
  Keywords Sri Lanka, tsunami, disaster, household survey, long-run impact  
  Abstract We estimate the causal effect of the Indian Ocean tsunami in Sri Lanka on household income and consumption eight years after the event, using a quasi-experimental method. A strong association between area-wide tsunami disaster shock and increases in household income and consumption in the long-term emerged from our empirical investigation. Deviating from the common observation on short-term impacts, these results are suggestive of an optimistic potential for some long-lasting potentially successful recovery scenarios. Still, Sri Lanka received a very large amount of external transfers post-tsunami, much larger than is typical for disaster events and one which may not be replicable in other cases. Our findings suggest a more nuanced picture with respect to household consumption impacts. We observe a reduction of food consumption and only find an increase in non-food consumption. The increase in non-food consumption is much smaller than the observed increase in income. We also find that households in high-income regions experienced much better recovery from the disaster. Keywords Sri Lanka, Tsunami, disaster, household survey, long-run impact  
  Address Victoria University of Wellington; Victoria University of Wellington  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Understanding Risk, Risk Reduction, Consequences and Forecasting Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1662  
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Author Reem Abbas; Tony Norris; Dave Parry pdf  openurl
  Title Disaster Healthcare: An Attempt to Model Cross-Agency CommunicationIn Disasters Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 504-515  
  Keywords Disaster healthcare, cross-agency communication, minimum datasets  
  Abstract In disasters, several national, international, and non-governmental organisations such as police, health, ambulance, fire and civil defence services are usually involved in the response process. Therefore, it is crucial that responding agencies communicate effectively to avoid fragmentation and duplication in services, to harmonise separate activities, and to clarify roles and responsibilities. Central to communication is information exchange. Effective information exchange enhances not only the appropriateness and success of disaster response, it also ensures timeliness. However, cross-agency communication is extremely challenging especially at times when there are high stress levels, incomplete data, and minimum time to make critical decisions. This paper attempts to specify a 'best-practice' model for cross-agency communication built around the specific information requirements of disaster management and disaster medicine agencies, with the aim of improving the overall quality of healthcare services provided to disaster victims.  
  Address Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology; Auckland University of Technology  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Information systems for disaster healthcare Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1663  
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Author Briony Gray; Mark Weal; David Martin pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Supporting Situational Awareness during Disasters: The Case of Hurricane Irma Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 123-131  
  Keywords Situational Awareness, Hurricane Irma, Conceptual Framework, Disaster Management, Social Media  
  Abstract In a rapidly globalizing world, disasters and the way in which they are managed are changing. Social media, in conjunction with other online resources, now provide a wealth of information throughout the lifecycle of disasters and are relied upon by individuals and emergency responders alike. The study of such data as a lens for analysis has proved valuable in recent years, with many contributing to targeted emergency response protocols and improved methods for the management strategies of future crises. This study seeks to make a similar contribution by reporting on the use of such data for situational awareness during the case of hurricane Irma, which occurred between September and August 2017. Using a mixed methods approach the paper examines data from social media such as Twitter, as well as other online sources such as blogs and news media, to provide original insight into the disaster. A conceptual framework is then applied to determine the uses and users of social media, and to identify how these change throughout the course of the disaster, thus demonstrating situational awareness over time. The paper concludes with proposed improvements for disaster management and emergency response for future similar disasters, specifically in the hurricane season, in addition to more generalized hazards which are predicted to increase in their frequency and severity due to underlying issues such as climate change.  
  Address University of Southampton; University of Southampton; University of Southampton  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-0-473-45447-0 Medium  
  Track Data Issues for Situation/Disaster Awareness Expedition (up) Conference ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience - 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific  
  Notes bjg1g11@soton.ac.uk Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1664  
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Author Linda Plotnick; Starr Roxanne Hiltz; Sukeshini Grandhi; Julie Dugdale pdf  openurl
  Title Real or Fake? User Behavior and Attitudes Related to Determining the Veracity of Social Media Posts Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 439-449  
  Keywords Social media, trustworthiness, fake news  
  Abstract Citizens and Emergency Managers need to be able to distinguish “fake” (untrue) news posts from real news posts on social media during disasters. This paper is based on an online survey conducted in 2018 that produced 341 responses from invitations distributed via email and through Facebook. It explores to what extent and how citizens generally assess whether postings are “true” or “fake,” and describes indicators of the trustworthiness of content that users would like. The mean response on a semantic differential scale measuring how frequently users attempt to verify the news trustworthiness (a scale from 1-never to 5-always) was 3.37. The most frequent message characteristics citizens' use are grammar and the trustworthiness of the sender. Most respondents would find an indicator of trustworthiness helpful, with the most popular choice being a colored graphic. Limitations and implications for assessments of trustworthiness during disasters are discussed.  
  Address New Jersey Institute of Technology; Eastern Connecticut State University; New Jersey Institute of Technology; University of Grenoble  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 1665  
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Author Tzu-Yin CHANG; Shang-Yu Wu; Jyun-Yuan Chen pdf  openurl
  Title Mobile Communication Technology and Cell Broadcast Service for Emergency Alerts Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 97-102  
  Keywords Public warning system, cell broadcast service, natural disaster, alerts  
  Abstract Taiwan is located in the collision zones between two continental plates collide. From the perspective of plate tectonics, the paleo-tectonic environment of the Taiwan and its surrounding areas are rather complex and active due to the tectonic compression of the Eurasian Plate and Philippine Sea Plate. This has resulted in frequent earthquakes in Taiwan. In addition, the tropical and subtropical climate drives not only weathering and erosion of surface rocks, but also typhoon or monsoon triggered torrential and heavy rains in summer and autumn. For downstream land subsidence areas with poor discharge capacity, it is therefore often to have serious floods and resulted in large-scale disasters that endanger citizens' lives and property. Affected by climate change, high urban density and overexploitation of land resources, Taiwan has a substantial increase in natural disasters over the last couple of years. As the country is confronted by unfavorable environment and climate conditions, how disaster alerts and information are accurately and timely released has become an important topic for facilitating the evacuation of citizens and dispatch of disaster relief personnel. This study has combined the mobile communications technology to enable our government to, with the Cell Broadcast Service (CBS), instantly send messages to all 4G and 3G (WCDMA) mobile users within the coverage of designated base stations and without being affected by the network congestion through independent channels. This will help timely notify citizens to evacuate and reduce casualties.  
  Address National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction; National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction; National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Monitoring and Alerting Systems supporting Business as Usual and Emergency Warnings Expedition (up) Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1666  
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