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Author (up) Flavio Dusse; Renato Novais; Manoel Mendonça
Title Investigating the Use of Visual Analytics to Support Decision-Making in Crisis Management: A Multi-Method Approach Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages 83-98
Keywords Data Collection Methods, Crisis Management, Decision-Making, Visual Analytics.
Abstract Like Crisis Management (CM) itself, Visual Analytics (VA) is a multi-disciplinary research area and is potentially useful to analyze and understand the huge amount of multidimensional data produced in a crisis. Our work investigates how researchers and practitioners are using VA in decision-making in CM. This paper firstly reports on a systematic mapping study to analyze the available information visualization tools and their applications in CM. To complement this information, we report on questionnaires and ethnographic studies applied during the large events held in Brazil in recent years. Then, we analyzed existing tools for visualizing crisis information. Lastly, we analyzed the data gathered from interviews with six professional crisis managers. The compiled results show that the full potential of VA is not being applied in the state-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice. We consider that further researches in the application of VA is required to improve decision-making processes in crisis management.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2092
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Author (up) Florent Dubois; Paul Renaud-Goud; Patricia Stolf
Title Dynamic Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem for Flash Flood Victim’s Relief Operations Type Conference Article
Year 2022 Publication ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2022
Volume Issue Pages 68-86
Keywords Vehicle Routing Problem; Flash floods; Dynamic
Abstract Flooding relief operations are Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problems (DVRPs). The problem of people evacuation is addressed and formalized in this paper. Characteristics of this DVRP problem applied to the crisis management context and to the requirements of the rescue teams are explained. In this paper, several heuristics are developed and assessed in terms of performance. Two heuristics are presented and adapted to the dynamic problem in a re-optimization approach. An insertion heuristic that inserts demands in the existing plan is also proposed. The evaluation is conducted on various dynamic scenarios with characteristics based on a study case. It reveals better performances for the heuristics with a re-optimization approach.
Address Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse – Université de Toulouse
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Tarbes, France Editor Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-82-8427-099-9 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2400
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Author (up) Gabriel, A.; Torres, F.S.
Title Navigating Towards Safe and Secure Offshore Wind Farms: An Indicator Based Approach in the German North and Baltic Sea Type Conference Article
Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023
Volume Issue Pages 609-619
Keywords Offshore; Risk Assessment; Threat Assessment; Indicator; Wind Energy
Abstract Offshore wind farms (OWFs) have become an increasingly relevant form of renewable energy in recent years, with the German North Sea being one of the most active regions in the world. However, the safety and security of OWF have become increasingly important due to the potential threats and risks associated with their growing share in the security of energy supply. This paper aims to present a comprehensive and systematic indicator-based approach to assess the safety and security status of OWFs in the German North Sea. The approach is based on the results of a survey of people working in the offshore industry and draws on the work published by Gabriel et al. (2022). The results of the study suggest that the indicator-based approach is a useful tool for end users to assess the security status of offshore wind farms and can be used for further research and development.
Address German Aerospace Center; German Aerospace Center
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1
ISSN ISBN Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference
Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/BGUV8192 Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2551
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Author (up) Gerhard Rauchecker; Guido Schryen
Title Decision Support for the Optimal Coordination of Spontaneous Volunteers in Disaster Relief Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages 69-82
Keywords Coordination of spontaneous volunteers, volunteer coordination system, decision support, scheduling optimization model, linear programming
Abstract When responding to natural disasters, professional relief units are often supported by many volunteers which are not affiliated to humanitarian organizations. The effective coordination of these volunteers is crucial to leverage their capabilities and to avoid conflicts with professional relief units. In this paper, we empirically identify key requirements that professional relief units pose on this coordination. Based on these requirements, we suggest a decision model. We computationally solve a real-world instance of the model and empirically validate the computed solution in interviews with practitioners. Our results show that the suggested model allows for solving volunteer coordination tasks of realistic size near-optimally within short time, with the determined solution being well accepted by practitioners. We also describe in this article how the suggested decision support model is integrated in the volunteer coordination system, which we develop in joint cooperation with a disaster management authority and a software development company.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2091
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Author (up) Hager, F.; Reuter-Oppermann, M.; Müller, T.; Ottenburger, S.
Title Towards the Design of a Simulation-based Decision Support System for Mass-Casualty Incidents Type Conference Article
Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023
Volume Issue Pages 565-574
Keywords Mass-Casualty Incidents; Simulation, Multicriteria Decision Making
Abstract In case of a mass-casualty incident, e.g. due to a disaster, a high number of patients need medical care within a short time frame and often, a significant percentage must be transported to a hospital or another suitable care facility. Then, different mass transportation modes (e.g., busses, ships or trains) may be used to quickly transport patients to available medical treatment centres outside of the disaster area. Within the SimPaTrans project, we develop a simulation-based decision support system for locating, sizing and analysing different modes of transport in order to prepare for mass-casualty incidents in Germany. In this paper, we present the outline of the tool as well as a first optimisation use case for transportation patients within the city of Karlsruhe, Germany
Address Technical University of Darmstadt; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1
ISSN ISBN Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference
Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/SUZB3855 Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2547
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Author (up) Haitao Sun; Zhiru Wang; Guofeng Su; Jianguo Chen
Title Topological Structure Vulnerability Assessment of Shanghai Urban Metro Networks Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Urban Metro Networks; Vulnerability; Robustness; Target Attack; Random Failure
Abstract Topological structure vulnerability assessment approach for Urban Metro Networks (UMNS) was proposed in order to decrease the impact caused by incidents. Failure scale of stations and sections random failure and target attacks was evaluated. The results show that UMNS is more vulnerable to target attacks on stations than random failure on stations. But UMNS is less vulnerable to target attacks on sections than random failure on sections. Additionally, UMNS is more vulnerable to station failure than sections. It could be concluded as more resources should be put on big transfer stations in UMNS operation management to avoid large scale impacts. The proposed methodology is not intended to predict the occurrence of events but rather to be used a management tool. Results from the evaluation are valuable elements in planning UMNS. They can be used for network planning, further detailed hazard studies, deciding on the arrangement of emergency resources.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3401 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-22 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1341
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Author (up) Haya Aldossary; Graham Coates
Title A Preliminary Optimisation-based Approach to Coordinate the Response of Ambulances in Mass Casualty Incidents Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords MCIs, Optimization-based approach, Co-ordination, Emergency response.
Abstract Mass Casualty Incidents (MCIs) may occur with no notice and require a rapid response to manage the casualties and arrange their transportation to hospitals. MCIs may result in different numbers of casualties and fatalities. Further, response time can play a crucial role in reducing fatalities and protecting lives. This paper reports on a preliminary optimisation-based approach, termed MCIER, which has been developed to co-ordinate the response of ambulances to multiple MCIs. In this approach, a realistic representation of the road network is modelled for the geographical area of interest. Also, a Neighbourhood Search Algorithm (NSA) has been developed in order to find the optimum solution to the problem under consideration. A hypothetical case study of a MCI in Newcastle-upon-Tyne has been considered to investigate the effect on response time of the time of day, and day of week, on which the incident occurs.
Address Newcastle University, United Kingdom
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1952
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Author (up) Ivar Svare Holand; Peter Mozelius; Trond Olav Skevik
Title A structured and dynamic model for emergency management exercises Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 186-197
Keywords Emergency exercises, Vulnerability assessment, Non-linear emergency exercise model, Norwegian-Swedish cross-border collaboration, Gaining Security Symbiosis (GSS) projects
Abstract Emergencies are management challenges, and emergency exercises that involve multiple collaborating parties is a means towards mastering them. Such exercises are often conducted in a virtual training environment based on complex disaster scenarios. The reported study was carried out using a requirement-focused design approach. The aim was to describe and discuss a relevant design for lean, dynamic, and cost-efficient emergency management exercise systems. Data were gathered from a literature study and analyses of earlier emergency management projects in which the authors had participated. Despite the complexity of many current emergency management exercises, the scenarios usually involve only the response phases and have a linear structure that hinders both didactic aspects and the software structure. The conclusion drawn from the study is that an emergency management exercise model should focus on managing the activities that correspond to alternatives that unfold from a dynamic scenario. Finally, the authors recommend the principles of alternate reality games as a way towards more dynamic and cost-efficient emergency exercise systems.
Address Nord University; Mid Sweden University; Nord University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes ivar.s.holand@nord.no Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2324
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Author (up) Jacob L. Graham; Mark B. Stephens
Title Analytic Decision Gaming – A Tool to Develop Crisis Response and Clinical Reasoning Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages 60-68
Keywords Clinical reasoning, crisis response, medical school, scenario-based training, analytic decision game.
Abstract Emerging threats provide motivation to develop new methods for preparing the next generation of crisis responders. Bayesian theory shifts reasoning toward a probabilistic, epistemic paradigm, giving rise to Evans' revised heuristic-analytic theory. Researchers at The Pennsylvania State University use scenario-based training and the analytic decision game (ADG) to blend and implement these processes as foundational pedagogy for engaging, educating and training medical students as crisis responders and critical thinkers. The ADG scenarios vary by content and level of expertise, lending themselves readily adaptable to both crisis response preparation and the development of clinical reasoning. The ADG creates a virtual crisis requiring participants to engage in scenario management as role-players. For the past two years, medical students from the Penn State College of Medicine, in their first year of training, have participated in the ADG Lights Out scenario, testing community preparation and resilience after a wide-spread and months-long power outage.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2089
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Author (up) Juan Francisco Carías; Leire Labaka; Jose Maria Sarriegi; Andrea Tapia; Josune Hernantes
Title The Dynamics of Cyber Resilience Management Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Cyber resilience, System dynamics, Critical infrastructure protection (CIP)
Abstract With the latent problem of security breaches, denial of service attacks, other types of cybercrime, and cyber incidents in general, the correct management of cyber resilience in critical infrastructures has become a high priority. However, the very nature of cyber resilience, requires managing variables whose effects are hard to predict, and that could potentially be expensive. This makes the management of cyber resilience in critical infrastructures a substantially hard task.

To address the unpredictability of the variables involved in managing cyber resilience, we have developed a system dynamics model that represents the theoretical behaviors of variables involved in the management of cyber resilience. With this model, we have simulated different scenarios that show how the dynamics of different variables act, and to show how the system would react to different inputs.
Address University of Navarra, TECNUN, Spain;Pennsylvania State University, USA
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1879
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Author (up) Julian Zobel; Patrick Lieser; Tobias Meuser; Lars Baumgärtner; Mira Mezini; Ralf Steinmetz
Title Modeling Civilian Mobility in Large-Scale Disasters Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 119-132
Keywords Civilian disaster communication, Delay-Tolerant Networks, Human mobility, Mobility models, Disaster response, Simulation
Abstract When disasters destroy critical communication infrastructure, smartphone-based Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) can provide basic communication for civilians. Although field tests have shown the practicability of such systems, real-world experiments are expensive and hardly repeatable. Simulations are therefore required for the design and extensive evaluation of novel DTN protocols, but meaningful assertions require realistic mobility models for civilians. In this paper, trace files from a large-scale disaster field test are analyzed to identify typical human behavior patterns in a disaster area. Based on this, we derive a novel civilian disaster mobility model that incorporates identified behaviors such as group-based movement and clustering around points-of-interests such as hospitals and shelters. We evaluate the impact of mobility on DTN communication performance by comparing our model with other established mobility models as well as the trace file dataset in a simulative evaluation based on the field test scenario. In general, our mobility model leads to a more realistic assessment of DTN communication performance compared to other mobility models.
Address Technical University of Darmstadt; Technical University of Darmstadt; Technical University of Darmstadt; Technical University of Darmstadt; Technical University of Darmstadt; Technical University of Darmstadt
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes julian.zobel@kom.tu-darmstadt.de Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2319
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Author (up) Julian Zobel; Ralf Kundel; Ralf Steinmetz
Title CAMON: Aerial-Ground Cooperation System for Disaster Network Detection Type Conference Article
Year 2022 Publication ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2022
Volume Issue Pages 87-101
Keywords Aerial Disaster Monitoring System; Delay-Tolerant Networks; Cooperative Network Protocols; Simulation
Abstract Information on large-scale disaster areas, like the location of affected civilians, is highly valuable for disaster relief efforts. This information can be collected by an Aerial Monitoring System, using UAVs to detect smart mobile devices carried by civilians. State-of-the-art systems typically rely on a purely passive detection approach. In this paper, we present a cooperative communication system between UAVs and ground-based devices to improve the detection performance of such an Aerial Monitoring System. We provide different approaches for the cooperative information collection and evaluate them in a simulated inner-city scenario. The results highlight the effectiveness of the cooperative system, being able to detect civilian devices in the disaster area faster and more comprehensively than a non-cooperative approach.
Address Multimedia Communications Lab (KOM) Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Tarbes, France Editor Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-82-8427-099-9 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2401
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Author (up) Julius Bañgate; Julie Dugdale; Carole Adam; Elise Beck
Title A Review on the Influence of Social Attachment on Human Mobility During Crises Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 110-126
Keywords Multi agent modelling; social attachment; affiliation human behaviour; mobility
Abstract Human behaviour during crisis evacuations is soial in nature. In particular, social attachment theory posits that proximity of familiar people, places, objects, etc. promotes calm and a feeling of safety, while their absence triggers panic or flight. In closely bonded groups such as families, members seek each other and evacuate as one. This makes attachment bonds necessary in the development of realistic models of mobility during crises. In this paper, we present a review of evacuation behaviour, theories on social attachment, crises mobility, and agent-based models. We found that social attachment influences mobility in the dierent stages of evacuation (pre, during and post). Based on these findings, we intend to develop a multi-agent model of mobility during seismic crises, using the belief, desire and intention (BDI) agent architecture.
Address LIG, University Grenoble-Alpes, France; PACTE, University Grenoble-Alpes, France; University of Adger, Norway
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2004
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Author (up) Kishimoto, M.; Osaragi, T.; Chan Yili
Title Evaluation of Improvement Projects in Densely Built-Up Area using a Large Earthquake Disaster Simulator: A case study in Kyojima Area, Tokyo Type Conference Article
Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023
Volume Issue Pages 546-564
Keywords Urban Planning; Policy-Making; Large Earthquake; Disaster Mitigation; Improvement Project; simulation
Abstract This paper aims to (1) evaluate the disaster mitigation effects of improvement projects in a certain area and (2) provide a basis for strategic planning to promote further improvements. Specifically, we decompose local improvements in the analyzed area into multiple scenarios and examine their effects and issues. First, we describe the “large earthquake disaster simulator,” which estimates property damage and human casualties in a large earthquake. Then, the Kyojima area of Sumida-Ku, Tokyo, is selected as the analyzed area. We decompose the improvement projects implemented during 2006 – 2016 and prepare six scenarios. Finally, a simulation analysis is conducted. We demonstrate that fire spread could be effectively blocked by (1) ensuring sufficient road width and (2) identifying the critical buildings in terms of fire spread mitigation and making them fireproof.
Address Tokyo Institution of Technology
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1
ISSN ISBN Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference
Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/HGYM8610 Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2546
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Author (up) Laura Szczyrba; Yang Zhang; Duygu Pamukcu; Derya Ipek Eroglu
Title A Machine Learning Method to Quantify the Role of Vulnerability in Hurricane Damage Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 179-187
Keywords Vulnerability, Impact, Damage, Machine Learning, Hurricane María.
Abstract Accurate pre-disaster damage predictions and post-disaster damage assessments are challenging because of the complicated interrelationships between multiple damage drivers, including various natural hazards, as well as antecedent infrastructure quality and demographic characteristics. Ensemble decision trees, a family of machine learning algorithms, are well suited to quantify the role of social vulnerability in disaster impacts because they provide interpretable measures of variable importance for predictions. Our research explores the utility of an ensemble decision tree algorithm, Random Forest Regression, for quantifying the role of vulnerability with a case study of Hurricane Mar\'ia. The contributing predictive power of eight drivers of structural damage was calculated as the decrease in model mean squared error. A measure of social vulnerability was found to be the model's leading predictor of damage patterns. An additional algorithm, other methods of quantifying variable importance, and future work are discussed.
Address Virginia Tech; Virginia Tech; Virginia Tech; Virginia Tech
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-17 ISBN 2411-3403 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes lszczyrba@vt.edu Approved no
Call Number Serial 2218
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Author (up) Lauren Bateman; Erica Gralla
Title Evaluating Strategies for Intra-Organizational Information Management in Humanitarian Response Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages 145-157
Keywords information management, agent based model, humanitarian response
Abstract Information management is critical in humanitarian response, yet intra-organizational information management practices have not been well-studied. This paper evaluates several strategies for intra-organizational information management. An agent-based model represents the dynamics of information-gathering and -sharing, in order to examine the impact of each strategy on (1) the time required to acquire adequate information for decision-making and (2) the amount of excess information acquired in the process. The results show that holding regular information-sharing meetings significantly reduces the time to acquire adequate information, but does not reduce information overload; however, deploying an information management specialist reduces both time required and information overload. The results support recommendations for humanitarian organizations deciding how to improve their internal information management approaches.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2096
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Author (up) Lida Huang; Guoray Cai; Hongyong Yuan; Jianguo Chen; Yan Wang; Feng Sun
Title Modeling Threats of Mass Incidents Using Scenario-based Bayesian Network Reasoning Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages 121-134
Keywords Bayesian network, mass incidents, threat assessment, scenario analysis, interpretive structural modeling.
Abstract Mass incidents represent a global problem, putting potential threats to public safety. Due to the complexity and uncertainties of mass incidents, law enforcement agencies lack analytical models and structured processes for anticipating potential threats. To address such challenge, this paper presents a threat analysis framework combining the scenario analysis method and Bayesian network (BN) reasoning. Based on a case library
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2094
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Author (up) Maël Arnaud; Carole Adam; Julie Dugdale
Title The role of cognitive biases in reactions to bushfires Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 85-96
Keywords Multi-agent modelling; social simulation; cognitive biases; BDI paradigm; Victoria bushfires
Abstract Human behaviour is influenced by many psychological factors such as emotions, whose role is already widely recognised. Another important factor, and all the more so during disasters where time pressure and stress constrain reasoning, are cognitive biases. In this paper, we present a short overview of the literature on cognitive biases and show how some of these biases are relevant in a particular disaster, the 2009 bushfires in the South-East of Australia. We provide a preliminary formalisation of these cognitive biases in BDI (beliefs, desires, intentions) agents, with the goal of integrating such agents into agent-based models to get more realistic behaviour. We argue that taking such “irrational” behaviours into account in simulation is crucial in order to produce valid results that can be used by emergency managers to better understand the behaviour of the population in future bushfires.
Address Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LIG, F-38000
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2002
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Author (up) Marco Polo Ruiz Herrera; Juan Sánchez Díaz
Title Improving Emergency Response through Business Process, Case Management, and Decision Models Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Emergency response, Knowledge-intensive business, Business Process Model and Notation, Case Management Model and Notation, Decision Model and Notation
Abstract The emergency procedures contain a set of actions responsible for providing the necessary corrective measures to address an emergency. The relevance of contextual knowledge during emergency responses is of utmost importance since many decisions are made from the information gathered in real time that sometimes conflicts with the formal knowledge specified in the emergency plan. Consequently, tools that support the emergency plan mentioned must be sensitive to context and allow decision making at the time an emergency takes place. We demonstrate how Case Management Modeling Notation (CMMN) along with Decision Model and Notation (DMN) are very suitable approaches to obtain a flexible model adapted to the context-driven response processes.
Address Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1944
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Author (up) Mark Parent; Jean-François Gagnon; Tiago H. Falk; Sébastien Tremblay
Title Modeling the Operator Functional State for Emergency Response Management Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Emergency Management; Simulation; Operator Functional State; Mental Workload; Stress
Abstract New technologies are available for emergency management experts to help them cope with challenges such as information overload, multitasking and fatigue. Among these technologies, a wide variety of physiological sensors can now be deployed to measure the Operator Functional State (OFS). To be truly useful, such measures should not only characterize the overall OFS, but also the specific dimensions such as stress or mental workload. This experiment aimed to (1) design a multi-dimensional model of OFS, and (2) test its application to an emergency management situation. First, physiological data of participants were collected during controlled experimental tasks. Then, a support vector classifier of mental workload and stress was trained. Finally, the resulting model was tested during an emergency management simulation. Results suggest that the model could be applied to emergency management situations, and leave the door open for its application to emergency response on the field.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3398 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-19 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1337
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Author (up) Maude Arru; Elsa Negre
Title People Behaviors in Crisis Situations: Three Modeling Propositions Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 139-149
Keywords Behaviors; modeling, crisis management; data analysis
Abstract Warnings can help to prevent damages and harm if they are issued timely and provide information that help responders and population to adequately prepare for the disaster to come. Today, there are many indicator and sensor systems that are designed to reduce disaster risks. These systems have proved to be eective. Unfortunately, as all systems including human beings, a part of unpredictable remains. Indeed, each person behaves dierently when a problem arises. In this paper, we focus on people behaviors in crisis situations: from the definition of factors that impact human behavior to the integration of these behaviors, with three dierent modeling propositions, into a warning system in order to have more and more eÿcient crisis management systems.
Address Paris-Dauphine University PSL Research University CNRS, LAMSADE 75016 Paris, France;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2006
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Author (up) Meshal Alharbi; Graham Coates
Title Assessing Flood Recovery of Small Businesses using Agent-Based Modelling and Simulation Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords SMEs; agent-based modelling and simulation; flooding; short-term recovery; manufacturing and retail.
Abstract In developed countries, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represent the majority of all businesses, e.g. 99.9% in the UK. Given this significant proportion, any disruption to the operation of SMEs will have a negative impact on a nation?s economy. In the context of flooding, this paper reports on the use of agent-based modelling and simulation (ABMS) to assess SMEs immediate response and short-term recovery. In particular, it focuses on the interactions between manufacturing SMEs and mutual aid partners, and retail SMEs and companies specializing in refurbishing premises. Results show that a manufacturing SME with a mutual aid partner can reduce loss in production by approximately 6% over a 7 working day period. In relation to retail

SMEs, those with employees able to be allocated to refurbish its premises recovered faster than SMEs employing a refurbishment company, potentially one day earlier.
Address Durham University, United Kingdom;Newcastle University, United Kingdom
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1920
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Author (up) Michael Bartolacci; Stanko Dimitrov
Title A Network Interdiction Perspective for Providing Emergency Communications: An Analysis for Promoting Resiliency Subject to Resource Constraints and Security Concerns Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Emergency Communications; Network Interdiction Model
Abstract Disasters, whether natural or manmade, and other types of emergencies create the need for immediate and secure communications between and among the affected populace, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other types of emergency responders. It is through these communications that the affected populace is able to show resilient behavior, both psychologically and economically. A network interdiction model is proposed that can be utilized to create a more reliable design for such a communications network against the motives of would-be attackers whose aim it is to disrupt emergency communications and inflict damage on the affected populace. The contribution of this work is the application of the network interdiction modeling framework to an emergency communication scenario.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3402 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-23 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1342
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Author (up) Milad Baghersad; Christopher W. Zobel; Ravi Behara
Title Evaluation of Local Government Performance after Disasters Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 210-217
Keywords 311 Services, Disaster, Municipal Departments, Resilience.
Abstract Monitoring and evaluation can help organizations involved in disasters learn from their responses to prior events and improve their performance over time. Using a data set of non-emergency service requests in New York City (NYC), this paper provides a method to evaluate and compare the performance of local governments in terms of service request response times after different disaster events. In particular, the proposed method can be used to compare such performance across divisions or boroughs in a city. To illustrate this, we evaluate the performance in five of NYC's boroughs: the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island, across seven major natural disaster events from 2010 to 2012. Our analyses show that Queens and Brooklyn demonstrate better performance than the other boroughs in almost all of the seven events under consideration.
Address Florida Atlantic University; Virginia Tech; Florida Atlantic University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-20 ISBN 2411-3406 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes mbaghersad@fau.edu Approved no
Call Number Serial 2221
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Author (up) Miriam Klein; Eric Rigaud; Marcus Wiens; Anouck Adrot; Frank Fiedrich; Nour Kanaan; Andreas Lotter; Farnaz Mahdavian; Yannic Schulte; Frank Schultmann
Title A Multi-Agent System for Studying Cross-Border Disaster Resilience Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages 135-144
Keywords Multi-agent system, disaster resilience, coordination procedures, cross-border cooperation, volunteer management
Abstract Resilience to disasters depends on measures taken before, during and after the occurrence of adverse events. These measures require interactions between people belonging to different organizations (public, private, non-profit) and citizens in normal and stressful situations. The efficiency of resilience measures results from the collective interaction of individuals, groups of individuals, and organizations, as well as the situational characteristics of the decision environment. The aim of the French-German research project INCA is to develop a decision support framework for improving cross-border area resilience to disasters. This project comprises the design and the implementation of a multi-agent system with the objective to study the behavioral and organizational implications of cross-border cooperation for crisis management and disaster resilience. The analyzed measures focus on citizens who require medical support and the integration of volunteers into the crisis management procedure. This paper outlines the potentials of the multi-agent system and provides first implementation insights.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2095
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