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Author (up) Arjen Schmidt; Jeroen Wolbers; Kees Boersma; Julie Ferguson; Peter Groenwegen
Title Are you Ready2Help? Dilemmas in organizing citizen response to disaster Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Citizen Response; Social Media; Net-Centric Coordination; Command And Control
Abstract Over the last decade, the disaster response landscape is increasingly complemented by voluntary citizen initiatives on digital platforms. These developments have opened up opportunities for response agencies and NGOs to organize local community involvement. In this paper we focus on the question how citizen involvement can be proactively organized toward disaster relief and what kind of dilemmas may arise in this process. We studied Ready2Help, an online platform developed by the Dutch Red Cross. Bringing together 36.000 volunteers, the platform plays a significant role in addressing the current refugee crisis. In our analysis we demonstrate the platform?s potential, but also note a tension between control and cooperation. Our results indicate that, in contrast to their initial objective, during the crisis the Red Cross falls back on principles of control to organize citizen response efforts. We end by discussing our future research agenda aimed at bridging formal and emergent citizen responses.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Community Engagement and Practitioner Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 1411
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Author (up) David Passenier; Jeroen Wolbers; Julia Mollee; Kees Boersma; Peter Groenewegen
Title Formalization of crisis response coordination from a public inquiry report Type Conference Article
Year 2012 Publication ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2012
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Data reduction; Information systems; Amsterdam Airport Schiphol; Crisis coordination; Critical problems; Data formalization; Information and communication systems; Information networks; Inter-organizational coordinations; Public inquiries; Information services
Abstract We assess the usability of public inquiry report data to build a formal trace that can be used in later stages to create an agent model simulating crisis response coordination. The case taken is a train tunnel fire near the underground train station at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol that turned out to be harmless, but the incident illustrated key weaknesses in inter-organizational coordination causing a slower response than required in case of a more serious fire. We present a taxonomy of data problems resulting from our attempt to reconstruct a logical series of events. This highlights gaps or ambiguities in data pertaining to coordination practices, communication networks, situational properties and information and communication systems. Our formal trace cannot support all the report's claims that explain the failures in coordination. The report data show some critical problems, but can still serve as a basis for an information network model of the crisis. © 2012 ISCRAM.
Address Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Simon Fraser University Place of Publication Vancouver, BC Editor L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780864913326 Medium
Track Research Methods Expedition Conference 9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 185
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Author (up) Femke Mulder; Kees Boersma
Title Linking up the last mile: how humanitarian power relations shape community e-resilience Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 715-725
Keywords Power relations; e-resilience; humanitarian disaster; social capital; Nepal
Abstract In this paper we present a qualitative, social network based, power analysis of relief and recovery efforts in the aftermath of the 2015 earthquakes in Nepal. We examine how the interplay between humanitarian power relations and e-resilience influenced communities' ability to respond to the destruction brought about by the disaster. We focus in particular on how power dynamics affect online spaces and interactions at the hyper local level (or 'the last mile'). We explain how civic technology initiatives are affected by these power relationships and show how their efforts may reinforce social inequalities – or be sidelined – if power dynamics are not taken into consideration. However, on the basis of a case study based power analysis, we show that when civic technology initiatives do strategically engage with these dynamics, they have the potential to alter harmful power relations that limit community e-resilience.
Address Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2059
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Author (up) Hossein Baharmand; Kees Boersma; Kenny Meesters; Femke Mulder; Jeroen Wolbers
Title A multidisciplinary perspective on supporting community disaster resilience in Nepal Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Community Resilience; Multi-Disciplinary Research; Coordination; Humanitarian Logistics; Information Management
Abstract Fostering community resilience in the aftermath of a disaster constitutes a significant challenge and requires an adequate understanding of the community?s specific capabilities and vulnerabilities. We carried out a field study in Nepal as a multi-disciplinary research team that explored how the humanitarian response enabled community resilience after the devastating earthquakes. We explored three elements of resilience: persistence, adaptability and transformability by zooming in and out between the local community and humanitarian organizations operating at the national level. Our combined insights from three disciplines, social sciences, information management and logistics, show that humanitarian organizations operating in Nepal still primarily aimed to (re)build community resilience ?from above? instead of enabling communities to strengthen their own resilience in a bottom up way. In this paper we contend that fostering an inclusive and networked response has the potential to strengthen the adaptive capacity of humanitarian organizations and community groups and boost local resilience.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Community Engagement and Practitioner Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1404
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Author (up) Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski (eds)
Title Conference Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Type Conference Volume
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Each year, ISCRAM brings together top researchers and practitioners working in the area of information systems and crisis management. The conference provides an excellent opportunity to exchange information and knowledge on new research and discuss best practices. The overarching theme for ISCRAM 2018 is Visualizing Crisis, which aims at the interdisciplinary development and design of information systems that enable better crisis planning, response, mitigation, recovery and training by using integrated approaches that combine organizational, behavioral, technical, economic and environmental aspects through visual representation and reasoning.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Proceeding Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2198
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Author (up) Kees Boersma; Jeroen Wolbers; Pieter Wagenaar
Title Organizing emergent safety organizations: The travelling of the concept 'netcentric work' in the Dutch safety sector Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Information systems; Common operational picture; Local adaptation; Netherlands; Public safety; Safety organizations; Safety region; Sharing information; Work principle; Commerce
Abstract This paper is about the introduction of netcentric work in the public safety sector in the Netherlands. The idea behind netcentric work is that a common operational picture will help the professionals to overcome problems with sharing information during crisis. In this WIP paper we will pay attention to netcentric work principles and the dilemma of standardization of technologies versus local adaptation. In the Netherlands the government has chosen to introduce netcentric work via a Platform in which various options are discussed among members of Dutch safety regions. The outcome is a process of negotiation in what we call trading zones. In these trading zones netcentric work is (re)defined. Using theoretical concepts like soft-bureaucracy we show in this paper how netcentric work eventually is not about technology in the first place but a negotiated new way of working and organizing. Further research is needed to understand the full implications of netcentric work for the administration and organization of safety.
Address Faculty of Social Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Open Track Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 334
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Author (up) Kees Boersma; Julie Ferguson; Peter Groenewegen; Jeroen Wolbers
Title Beyond the myth of control: Toward network switching in disaster management Type Conference Article
Year 2014 Publication ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2014
Volume Issue Pages 125-129
Keywords Disaster prevention; Information systems; Networks (circuits); Switching; Adaptive capacity; Citizen involvement; Command and control; Disaster management; Disaster response; Humanitarian response; Interconnected network; Management structure; Disasters
Abstract A novel, 'net-centric' approach to disaster management is challenging traditional forms of command and control, through technology-supported, self-directed networks of heterogeneous stakeholders including affected citizens. Citizen involvement in crisis response can strengthen the resilience of local communities, and improve the relevance and delivery of response, evidenced by increasingly important Web2.0-based platforms. While netcentric responses show promise as a principle, it remains unclear how networks can be integrated in shared response infrastructures. We draw on the concepts of 'programming' and 'switching' to suggest a different perspective by which to explore the potential and consequences of interconnected networks. Finally, we propose a research agenda that can help identify and understand switching points in disaster response, comparing a weakly formalized management structure, but strong in citizen involvement, with a strongly formalized management structure, but weak in citizen involvement. We thereby suggest how response organizations can relinquish their reliance on control and command approaches, increasing their adaptive capacity to capitalize on citizen-based information.
Address VU University Amsterdam, Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher The Pennsylvania State University Place of Publication University Park, PA Editor S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780692211946 Medium
Track Command and Control Studies Expedition Conference 11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 332
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Author (up) Kees Boersma; Peter Groenewegen; Pieter Wagenaar
Title Emergency response rooms in action: An ethnographic case-study in Amsterdam Type Conference Article
Year 2009 Publication ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2009
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Information systems; Crisis management; Emergency response; Ethnographic approaches; Ethnographic case-study; ICT systems; Institutional arrangement; Integrated systems; Medical services; Emergency services
Abstract During the last decades there has been a lot of attention to issues of safety, emergency response and crisis management. Emergency response rooms (ERRs) are interesting public sector organizational arrangements in this respect. In our paper we pay attention to emergency response rooms in the Netherlands and especially in Amsterdam. Using an ethnographic approach, we studied the fire brigades (red), the medical services (white) and the police (blue) including their back-office organizations, their habits, and the systems in-use. As could be predicted, the (technical) integration of ERR systems in the Netherlands was not unproblematic. In our contribution we will make clear that the organization of the safety response in Amsterdam is rather fragmented. The latest discussion in the field is about the introduction of net-centric work, a concept based upon the interactive internet 2.0. Yet, it is not so much the technology, as well as the institutional arrangements that are at stake.
Address Faculty of Social Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Gothenburg Editor J. Landgren, S. Jul
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789163347153 Medium
Track Research Methods Expedition Conference 6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 333
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Author (up) Kees Boersma; Robert Larruina
Title Restoring the Medical Supply Chain from Below: The Role of Social Entrepreneurship in the Production of Face Masks during the Covid-19 Crisis Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 260-269
Keywords COVID-19 crisis response, supply chain, personal protection equipment, face masks, social entrepreneurship, resilience
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic hit societies all over the world deeply. Since it has affected societies worldwide and compromised socio-technical systems across geographical, judicial and administrative borders it can be considered a cross-border, transboundary crisis. This dimension has exposed the global medical supply chain's vulnerability. Due to its 'lean and mean' characteristics the supply chain was unable to function adequately during the crisis and formal authorities struggled to restore it, causing serious problems in the response to the pandemic. At the same time, numerous initiatives from below tried to give a (partial) answer on how to restore the broken supply chain. This paper presents a case study about a Dutch social enterprise (i.e. the Refugee Company) engaged with the cross-border dimension of the COVID-19 crisis. The Refugee Company set up a supply chain, operation and (domestic) production of personal protection equipment (PPE) materials, in particular face masks. The paper draws on data collected through qualitative methods, including document analysis (secondary sources), interviews and observations. The conclusion is that social entrepreneurs and enterprises played a crucial role in restoring the supply chain. The paper provides valuable lessons for both policy makers and crisis managers: there is great potential in recognizing the entrepreneurial activities from below in strengthening supply chains at times of crisis, potentially making them more sustainable and resilient.
Address Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track Cross-Border & Transboundary Resilience Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes f.k.boersma@vu.nl Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2331
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Author (up) Manne Messemaker; Jeroen Wolbers; Willem Treurniet; Kees Boersma
Title Shaping societal impact: Between control and cooperation Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 901-905
Keywords Information systems; Command and control; Crisis communications; Crisis management; Incident response; Mutual shaping; Security incident; Societal impacts; Concretes
Abstract In our modem society, the impact of large-scale spfety and security incidents can be large and diverse. Yet. this societal impact is makeable and controllable to a limited extent. At best, the effect of concrete response actions is that the direct damage is somewhat reduced and that the recovery is accelerated. Proper crisis communication can make the biggest difference with respect to overall societal impact. We argue that crisis communication must strike a balance between a directive approach of chaos, command and control and a more empathic approach of continuity, coordination and cooperation. On the basis of a concrete case we analyze how crisis communication reflects the incident response approach and how societal impact is affected.
Address VU University Amsterdam, Netherlands; TNO, Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Social Media Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 770
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Author (up) Nadia Saad Noori; Jeroen Wolbers; Kees Boersma; Xavier Vilasís Cardona
Title A Dynamic Perspective of Emerging Coordination Clusters in Crisis Response Networks Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Crisis Management; Response Operations; Coordination Clusters; Complex Networks
Abstract Disasters and crisis create complex conditions that require intra-organizational and inter-organizational coordination throughout the duration of response operations. Emergency response plans and Incident Command Systems that are implemented at times of crisis are well defined on the intra-organizational level, following organization?s own hierarchy and resources. However, in reality, units of different organizations behave differently as they form sub-networks to carry out tasks involved in response operations, despite differences in operating protocols and training background. In this paper we introduce a novel approach to study crisis response networks: the emergence of coordination clusters. The results indicate resilience in the behavior of response units from different organizations as they re-organize into coordination clusters and collectively respond to the unfolding emergency events. Understanding characteristics of coordination clusters helps to identify critical tasks and units beside resources required during emergency response operations. Our results contribute to the continuous change in the concepts of crisis response management and the shift towards a network and function based response protocols.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3394 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-15 Medium
Track Intelligent Decision Support in the Networked Society Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1333
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Author (up) Stella van Esch; Marc van den Homberg; Kees Boersma
Title Looking Beyond the Data: an Assessment of the Emerging Data Ecosystem of Nepal's Flood Early Warning Systems Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 282-293
Keywords Floods, early warning systems, Nepal, data ecosystem, social shaping of technology
Abstract Increasingly, data-driven instruments are used in disaster risk reduction to foster more efficient, effective, and evidence-based decision-making. This data revolution brings along opportunities and challenges, which are sometimes related to the data itself, but more often seem related to the environment in which the data is put to use. To provide insight into such an emerging data ecosystem, this paper uses a qualitative case study to assess the use of data in flood early warning systems (EWS) in Nepal. In response to the research question 'How does the data ecosystem impact the opportunities and challenges regarding data use in flood early warning systems in Nepal?', this paper discusses the importance of considering the broader context instead of regarding data as an entity unto itself. It shows how actors, policies and other contextual factors impact the effectiveness of data use by either presenting opportunities, like the establishment of a national disaster data repository, or challenges, like inadequate human resources for working with data.
Address Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; 510 – an initiative of The Netherlands Red Cross; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track Data and Resilience: Opportunities and Challenges Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes s.r.van.esch@student.vu.nl Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2333
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