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Author Balogh, Z.; Gatial, E.; Dolatabadi, S.H.; Dlugolinský, Štefan; Saltarella, M.; Scipioni, M.P.; Grunwald, D.; Przybyszewski, M.P.; Majlingova, A.; Brodrechtova, Y.; Mojir, K.Y.; Olson, N.; Levak, J.; Chandramouli, K. pdf  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Communication Protocol for using Nontraditional Information Sources between First Responders and Citizens during Wildfires Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 152-165  
  Keywords Communication Protocol; Wildfires; Forest Fires; Drones; Mesh in the Sky; Emergency Response; First Responders  
  Abstract One of the biggest challenges faced during the wildfires is communication. A specific case represents the need to establish communication between first responders and the public. This paper presents a proposal for a generic protocol to ensure effective communication between fire fighters and many citizens at the incident site or in the surrounding area using nontraditional information sources such as a dedicated mobile app or social media. Specific challenges, concepts and technologies relevant to such communication are described specifically customized for forest fires and wildfires. The protocol itself is provided by proposing information flows between the involved actors. Moreover, several technologies including a Citizen Engagement Mobile App, an Edge Micro Data Center for forward command centers, a Mesh in the Sky communication infrastructure or a Dashboard integrating and displaying all the data in one place is shortly introduced. The presented paper is a work in progress.  
  Address Institute of Informatics, Slovak Academy of Sciences in Bratislava; Fincons SpA; ITTI Sp. z o.o.; Technical University in Zvolen; Swedish School of Library and Information Science, University of Borås; RiniGARD; Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 979-8-218-21749-5 Medium  
  Track Technologies for First Responders Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/YIJK9098 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2514  
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Author Adrot, A.; Aguerre, M. pdf  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title The Impact of conflicts on Data Sharing for Disaster Risk Reduction Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 43-53  
  Keywords Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR); Cross-Border Regions; Cooperation; Data Sharing; Conflicts  
  Abstract Cross-border regions are particularly exposed to hazards and require cooperation for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). Accordingly, multiple countries have been investing in technology and jointly innovate to share and process data against disasters. However, these countries’ capacity to share data depends on the history and the context of the border itself. Going further, conflicts between countries – may they be past, present or future – can radically question and endanger collaborative efforts to share data for DRR. This collaborative research, involving a cohort of master students and an NGO, explores the influence of conflicts on data sharing and cooperation for DRR. Still in progress, this research examines how conflicts affect data sharing and how DRR actors manage them. It is based on exploratory archive analysis of three distinct cases of cross-border DRR collaboration within the EU borders, as well as experts and actors interviewing. Preliminary findings reveal that conflicts affect DRR at three levels: i) actors, ii) interactions with DRR actors, iii) relations between local DRR actors and institutions. The expected contribution of this research is theoretical, practical and pedagogical.  
  Address DRM UMR CNRS 7088 Université Paris-Dauphine PSL;French Red Cross  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 979-8-218-21749-5 Medium  
  Track Visions for Future Crisis Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/VNLE9301 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2505  
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Author Steen-Tveit, K.; Snaprud, M.H.; Heinecke, J.E.; Fure Nora pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Towards a Co-Created Emergency Management Collaboration Repository Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 20-32  
  Keywords Collaboration Support; Information Systems; Training; Preparedness Phase; Participatory Design  
  Abstract The need for information systems (ISs) to aid emergency management (EM) has been well established. Yet, despite the acknowledged benefits of ISs for EM, the support of ISs in the preparedness phase is weak. Complex EM operations require coordinated efforts across emergency organizations, which are facing enormous challenges related to the method of collaboration to cope with the impact. This paper presents an ongoing project initiated to develop an emergency management collaboration repository for a range of emergency responders, focusing on emergency cross-organizational collaboration, information sharing, exercises, and evaluations. A participatory design approach was applied for the system requirements elicitation and was carried out in two workshops with several EM stakeholders.  
  Address Centre for Integrated Emergency Management, University of Agder; Tingtun AS; University of Agder; University of Agder  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Usability and Universal Design of ICT for Emergency Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/TICO1812 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2503  
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Author Tsai, C.-H.; Rayi, P.; Kadire, S.; Wang, Y.-F.; Krafka, S.; Zendejas, E.; Chen, Y.-C. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Co-Design Disaster Management Chatbot with Indigenous Communities Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-12  
  Keywords Native American; Emergency Management; Artificial intelligence; Conversational Agent; Human-Centered Computing  
  Abstract Indigenous communities are disproportionately impacted by rising disaster risk, climate change, and environmental degradation due to their close relationship with the environment and its resources. Unfortunately, gathering the necessary information or evidence to request or co-share sufficient funds can be challenging for indigenous people and their lands. This paper aims to co-design an AI-based chatbot with two tribes and investigate their perception and experience of using it in disaster reporting practices. The study was conducted in two stages. Firstly, we interviewed experienced first-line emergency managers and invited tribal members to an in-person design workshop. Secondly, based on qualitative analysis, we identified three themes of emergency communication, documentation, and user experience. Our findings support that indigenous communities favored the proposed Emergency Reporter chatbot solution. We further discussed how the proposed chatbot could empower the tribes in disaster management, preserve sovereignty, and seek support from other agencies.  
  Address Technical University of Darmstadt  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Usability and Universal Design of ICT for Emergency Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/RZLJ7481 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2501  
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Author Tolt, G.; Rydell, J.; Bilock, E.; Eek, J.; Andersson, P.; Nygårds, J. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Real-time Multi-Sensor Positioning for First Responders Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 177-187  
  Keywords Positioning; Real-Time; Multi-Sensor; Sensor Fusion; First Responders  
  Abstract This paper describes a concept for real-time positioning of first responders that includes a number of complementary sensors worn by the first responder, to increase accuracy and robustness in indoor and complex environments. By using sensors of different types, each with their own strengths and limitations, and fusing their respective outputs, the goal is to increase the usability of positioning information in time-critical and risky operations. This facilitates synchronization of activities and increases safety in the operation. The sensors included in the proposed real-time positioning module are shoe-mounted inertial measurement units, ultra-wideband radio, thermal and visual cameras, and GNSS. The fusion framework is based on factor graphs. This work-in-progress paper describes the individual sensor components and shows preliminary findings concerning the possibilities to improve position estimation through sensor fusion.  
  Address Swedish Defence Research Agency  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Technologies for First Responders Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/QGAD8737 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2516  
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Author Petrenj, B.; Piraina, M.; Borghetti, F.; Marchionni, G.; Urbano, V. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Cross-border Digital Platform for Transport Critical Infrastructure Resilience: Functionalities and Use Case Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 96-111  
  Keywords Critical Infrastructure; Cross-border; Information-sharing; Transport; ICT platform; Resilience; Use-case; Emergency management  
  Abstract The resilience of increasingly interdependent Critical Infrastructure (CI) systems hugely depends on the stakeholder organizations’ ability to exchange information and coordinate, while CI’s cross-border dimension further increases the complexity and challenges. This paper presents the progress in the Lombardy Region (Italy) and Canton Ticino (Switzerland) on the joint capacity to manage disruptive events involving transportation CI between the two countries. We present a cross-border digital platform (Critical Infrastructure Platform – PIC) and its main functionalities for improved cross-border risk and resilience management of CI. A use case, based on a scenario of an intense snowfall along the transboundary motorway impacting both countries, demonstrates how PIC advances the exchange of information, its visualization and analysis in real-time. The use case also shows the practical value of the digital platform and its potential to support the management of cross-border events (and their cascading events) that require the cooperation of Italian and Swiss actors.  
  Address Politecnico di Milano, School of Management; Politecnico di Milano, School of Management; Politecnico di Milano, Mobililty and Transport Laboratory; Politecnico di Milano, Mobililty and Transport Laboratory; Aria S.p.A., Lombardy Region  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Enhancing Protection of Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/OSFA3002 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2510  
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Author Herkevall, J.; Johansson Björn J E pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Is this a date? – New perspectives on ICT for harmonized inter-organizational crisis management Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 67-75  
  Keywords Inter-organizational Crisis Management; Harmonization; ICT; Interoperability; Complex Adaptive Systems  
  Abstract In this paper, we challenge common conceptions related to the role and development of information and communication technology (ICT) for crisis management. Based on an understanding of inter-organizational crisis management as self-organizing through processes of harmonization in complex adaptive systems, ICT is positioned as an enabler in the bridging of social and organizational boundaries. In this view, the primary requirements for ICT in inter-organizational settings are defined by current information sharing needs, which are continuously changing with the context and co-working partners. From this understanding of inter-organizational relations in crisis management, this paper suggests two complementary approaches to ICT focusing on policy adjustment and training that supports adaptive organizational capabilities and utilization of easily available commercial ICT. The ideas put forth in this paper are intended to add perspectives and spark discussions on ICT for crisis management.  
  Address Swedish Defence Research Agency; Swedish Defence Research Agency  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Visions for Future Crisis Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/NVUI2089 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2507  
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Author Lukau, E.; Schiller, J.; Meissen, U. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Towards efficient Post-Blackout Emergency Communication based on Citizens’ Smartphone State of Charge Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 76-87  
  Keywords Smartphone; State-of-Charge; MESM; Emergency; Future Proof; Post-Blackout; Emergency Communication; Communication-Burst; Communication-Void  
  Abstract Effective emergency communication between citizens and authorities after a power outage can be a challenging task. In such situations, citizens may be in danger and need to contact authorities in case of an emergency. However, overloaded cellular networks and failing network infrastructure can severely hamper citizens' ability to communicate with authorities, even if their smartphones are still functioning. Addressing these challenges requires the development of effective post-blackout communication systems that can operate in a range of emergency scenarios. In this work we investigate smartphone state of charge during the day in order to evaluate the impact of a power outage on the citizens ability to communicate in a post-blackout scenario. The results are then used to propose future-proof communication networks that are suitable for post-blackout emergency communication especially after cellular network infrastructure has failed. We introduce two post-blackout communication phases named communication-burst and communication-void. Our study indicates that a significant amount of smartphones remain usable even after a long-lasting blackout and communication infrastructure failure. Not utilizing these devices could lead to missed opportunities for emergency communication  
  Address Fraunhofer SIRIOS; Freie Universität Berlin; Fraunhofer FOKUS  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Visions for Future Crisis Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/NFTL3450 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2508  
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Author Zelenka, J.; Kasanický, T.š; Gatial, E.; Balogh, Z.; Majlingová, A.; Brodrechtova, Y.; Kalinovská, S.; Rehák, R.; Semet, Y.; Boussu, G. pdf  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Coordination of Drones Swarm for Wildfires Monitoring Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 144-151  
  Keywords Forest Fire; Wildfires; Drone; Fire Protection; Fire Monitoring  
  Abstract As a result of climate change and global weather patterns, large forest fires are becoming more frequent in different parts of the world. The focus of the presented work is on creation of a complex coordination and communication framework for a swarm of drones specially tailored for use in preventing and monitoring of forest fires. The presented algorithm has been testing and evaluating using a computer simulation. The testing and validation in relevant environment is scheduled during a pilot demonstration exercise with real personnel and equipment, which will take place in Slovakia on April 2023. The presented work is a part of the SILVANUS EU H2020 project, whose objective is the creation of a climate resilient forest management platform for forest fire prevention and suppression. SILVANUS draws on environmental, technical, and social science experts to support regional and national authorities responsible for forest fire management in their respective countries.  
  Address Institute of Informatics, Slovak Academy of Sciences; Technical University in Zvolen, College of Forestry, Department of Forest Economics and Management; 3MON, Ivanská cesta 2, 82104; Thales Research and Technology  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 979-8-218-21749-5 Medium  
  Track Technologies for First Responders Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/MUJT3755 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2513  
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Author Lorscheidt, J.; Wehbe, B.; Cesar, D.; Becker, T.; Vögele, T. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Increasing diver safety for heavy underwater works by Sonar-to-Video Image Translation Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 166-176  
  Keywords Diver Monitoring; GANs; Sonar Sensor Fusion; Marine Perception  
  Abstract Supervision of technical dives is particularly important in emergency and disaster response operations to ensure the safety of divers in unexplored locations with uncertain conditions. Diver monitoring relies primarily on voice communication and a video stream that gives the operator a first-person view of the diver. However, in many cases underwater visibility can drop to just a few centimeters, leaving the diver only able to feel his way with his hands and the operator depended only on voice communication, making it very difficult for both of them to identify upcoming hazards. In the DeeperSense research project, we are attempting to reduce the limitations caused by poor underwater visibility by using a sonar in combination with an AI-based algorithm designed to translate the sonar signal into a visual image that is independent of the turbidity of the water and gives an overview of the situation where the eye can no longer see anything. Laboratory results show that visual information can be recovered from sonar data.  
  Address German Federal Agency for Technical Relief; DFKI – Robotics Innovation Center; Kraken Robotik GmbH;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Technologies for First Responders Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/KNWQ3005 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2515  
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Author LaLone, N.; Dugas, P.O.T.; Semaan, B. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title The Crisis of Designing for Disaster: How to Help Emergency Management During The Technology Crisis We Created Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 126-143  
  Keywords Crisis Informatics; Participatory Design; Ethnography Emergency Management; Please Stop Trying to Make Fetch Happen  
  Abstract Emergency Management (EM) is experiencing a crisis of technology as technologists have attempted to innovate standard operating procedures with minimal input from EM. Unsurprisingly, there has yet to be a success. Instead, technologists have focused on consumer culture and fostered a slow-moving crisis as the gap between what consumers and EM can do is deep. At present, the most ubiquitous aspect of technology in disaster is its capacity to exacerbate response, create new kinds of disaster, and create consumer expectations that EM cannot meet. In the present work, we highlight how and why technological production needs to shift its ontological premises dramatically to meet the needs of technology for first responders. From supporting practice to taking a few steps back from the bleeding edge, we offer a range of suggestions based on the technological capacities of emergency management in the present and in the future.  
  Address University of Nebraska at Omaha; New Mexico State University; University of Colorado Boulder Affiliation  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Technologies for First Responders Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/IUGT6097 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2512  
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Author Petersen, L.; Havarneanu, G.; McCrone, N.; Markarian, G. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Practitioner Perspectives of the PROACTIVE CBRNe Disaster App Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 13-19  
  Keywords CBRN; Disaster Apps; Co-Creation; Universal Design; User Interface  
  Abstract To help practitioners better meet the needs of the public at large when managing diverse groups of people during a CBRNe (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and explosive) incident, the PROACTIVE project is developing a CBRNe smartphone disaster app which aims to improve the efficiency of the communication between law enforcement agencies, policy makers and citizens. By using a co-creation methodology with both civil society organisations and CBRNe practitioners, PROACTIVE ensures the app will meet the needs and expectations of both end-user groups. This work-in-progress paper focuses on a workshop carried out with practitioners to test the first mobile app prototype. The results demonstrate that the prototype mobile app is in line with practitioners expectations but that there is room for improvement, such as more visuals, and new features, such as translation, should be added. Looking forward, the app will be updated before being tested in upcoming field training exercises.  
  Address UIC; Rinisoft  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Usability and Universal Design of ICT for Emergency Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/HVJN6870 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2502  
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Author Schönefeld, M.; Schütte, P.M.; Schulte, Y.; Fiedrich, F. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Critical infrastructure and crisis affected actor? Investigating the double role of municipal administrations Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 88-95  
  Keywords Public Administration; Crisis Management; Critical Infrastructure; Empirical Research; Social Science  
  Abstract This WiPe article presents first insights from two German research projects (one ongoing, one completed) on the double role of municipal administrations in crisis management. The ongoing project examines the municipal crisis management during COVID-19, the completed one focused on the 2015/2016 refugee situation in Germany. While crisis management has previously rather been associated with “blue-light organizations”, these two circumstances rather called for a predominantly administrative crisis management. While adapting to this new role, administrations had to maintain key public services: They had to perform as crisis managers while maintaining their function as a critical infrastructure despite being affected themselves for several reasons. Since 2015, public administration in Germany has found itself in almost constant crisis management mode, giving opportunity to learn and to adjust self-perception. Based on empirical analyses of interview data we aim to discuss the following questions: How did the two roles influence each other in the situations mentioned? Has anything changed between these situations?  
  Address University of Wuppertal  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Enhancing Protection of Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/FKUD6689 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2509  
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Author Tikka, M.; Ahsanullah, R.; Varanasi, U.; Härmä, V.; Sawhney, N.; Leinonen, T. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Contextual Inquiry of Affordances for Collaboration in Crisis: Lessons from the Finnish Context Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 33-42  
  Keywords Crisis Response; Ict’S; Collaborative Sensemaking; Multi-Actor; Digital Tools  
  Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic followed by the energy crisis in Europe demonstrates how complex crises can be. Being embedded in a digital media environment and global interdependencies, complex crises elude straightforward interpretations and explanations. Nonetheless, crises require fast and coordinated response from multiple public authorities. In recent years, advances in computational methods and information technology have influenced the field of crisis and disaster management, and diverse technical approaches have been developed to enhance authorities’ response to crises. Drawing on a relational approach to crises, we investigate the socio-technical affordances emerging in Finland to facilitate multi-actor collaboration in crises. Based on our analysis, we argue that contemporary practices and technologies do not match with the complexity of recent crises. Taken together, we consider the role of digital technologies and socio-technical practices to better support multi-actor sensemaking and collaboration in future crises.  
  Address Aalto University; Aalto University; Aalto University; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL); Aalto University; Aalto University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Usability and Universal Design of ICT for Emergency Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/FCIG6875 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2504  
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Author Osaragi, T.; Suematsu, T.; Oki, T.; Kakizaki, A. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Local Disaster Mitigation Technology with Travel Support Application Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 112-125  
  Keywords Travel Support Application; Rescue Activity; Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem; Field Experiment  
  Abstract Efficient and rapid rescue activities are vital in the immediate aftermath of a large-scale disaster. However, the locations of the tasks requested (e.g. rescues, relief, special care, and assistance) and those who support, assist, or respond are often spatially separated. In this paper, we developed a Web application (travel support application) to support the efficient travel of responders by integrating a method of optimizing travel and navigation for rescue activities and a system of real-time disaster information collection and sharing. We then demonstrated the efficiency of the travel support application through some field experiments. Also, we conducted a demonstration experiment assuming a flood disaster at the crisis management office of a local government. Finally, the possibility of using the developed system at non-emergencies was examined to address the common problem of disaster prevention systems.  
  Address University at Albany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Technologies for First Responders Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/EKEQ4568 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2511  
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Author Benaben, F.; Fertier, A.; Cerabona, T.; Moradkhani, N.; Lauras, M.; Montreuil, B. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Decision Support in uncertain contexts: Physics of Decision and Virtual Reality Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 54-66  
  Keywords Data Visualization; Virtual Reality; Immersive Technology; Decision Support; Risk; Opportunities; Performance Management.  
  Abstract Virtual Reality (VR) is often used for its ability to mimic reality. However, VR can also be used for its ability to escape reality. In that case, on the one hand VR provides a visualization environment where the user’s senses are still in a familiar context (one can see if something is in front, behind, up, down, far or close), yet on the other hand, VR allows to escape the usual limits of reality by providing a way to turn abstract concepts into concrete and interactive objects. In this paper, the dynamic management of a complex industrial system (a supply chain) is enabled in a VR prototypical environment, through the management of a physical trajectory that can be deflected by the impact of any potentialities such as risks or opportunities, seen as physical objects in the performance space.  
  Address IMT Mines Albi; IMT Mines Albi; IMT Mines Albi; IMT Mines Albi; IMT Mines Albi; Georgia Institute of Technology  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Visions for Future Crisis Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/DENR9785 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2506  
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Author Rode-Hasinger, S.; Haberle, M.; Racek, D.; Kruspe, A.; Zhu Xiao Xiang pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title TweEvent: A dataset of Twitter messages about events in the Ukraine conflict Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 407-416  
  Keywords Conflict; Ukraine; Dataset; Social Media; NLP  
  Abstract Information about incidents within a conflict, e.g., shelling of an area of interest, is scattered amongst different data or media sources. For example, the ACLED dataset continuously documents local incidents recorded within the context of a specific conflict such as Russia’s war in Ukraine. However, these blocks of information might be incomplete. Therefore, it is useful to collect data from several sources to enrich the information pool of a certain incident. In this paper, we present a dataset of social media messages covering the same war events as those collected in the ACLED dataset. The information is extracted from automatically geocoded Twitter text data using state-of-the-art natural language processing methods based on large pre-trained language models (LMs). Our method can be applied to various textual data sources. Both the data as well as the approach can serve to help human analysts obtain a broader understanding of conflict events.  
  Address Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat M¨unchen; Technische Hochschule N¨urnberg; Technical University of Munich  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media for Crisis Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/AIDF1102 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2535  
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Author Cossentino, M.; Guastella, D.A.; Lopes, S.; Sabatucci, L. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Adaptive Execution of Workflows in Emergency Response Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 784-796  
  Keywords Emergency Management; Disaster Response; Adaptive Workflow Execution; Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)  
  Abstract In emergencies, preparation is of paramount importance but it is not sufficient. As we know, emergency agencies develop extensive (text) plans to deal with accidents that could occur in their territories; their personnel train to enact such procedures, but, despite that, the unpredictable conditions that occur during an emergency require the ability to adapt the plan promptly. This paper deals with the last mile of a process we defined for enabling the adaptive execution of such emergency plans. In previous works, we discussed how to convert a free-text plan into a structured-text form, represent this plan using standard modelling notations, and extract goals that plans prescribe to be fulfilled. In this paper, we propose an approach for executing these plans with a workflow execution engine enriched by the capability to support runtime adaptation.  
  Address National Research Council of Italy (CNR); Machine Learning Group Université Libre de Bruxelles; National Research Council of Italy (CNR); National Research Council of Italy (CNR)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Applications, Tools, and Components for Crisis Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/ZOZS6664 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2566  
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Author Holzhüter, M.; Huhle, G.; Reuter-Oppermann, M.; Hellriegel, J.; Klafft, M. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Acceptance study on application systems to improve situational incident management through bi-directional communication between citizens and decision-makers in emergencies and crises situations Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 197-207  
  Keywords Emergency Control Centre; Situational Awareness; Acceptance of ICT; Population; Crowdsourcing; Video Support; Bidirectional Communication  
  Abstract Efficient hazard prevention and disaster control depend on situational awareness. Situational information is – among others – provided by citizens on the ground. Disaster managers are often reluctant to use such information on a large scale or in a systematic way for fear of being overwhelmed by information overload in a stressful crisis. New information technologies for crisis management are strongly dependent on the acceptance of the people using them and can only be successful as socio-technical systems. Therefore, 354 employees of public and private emergency operation centres as well as members of crisis management teams were asked to assess different information sharing technologies. 504 people from the public responded to an online survey about their willingness to use such technologies. The results indicate a high level of acceptance by both user groups for bi directional communication technologies for situation management and the improvement of situational awareness.  
  Address Fraunhofer FOKUS; COREVAS GmbH & CO.KG; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Fraunhofer FOKUS; Fraunhofer FOKUS  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Technologies for First Responders Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/ZLXU9879 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2518  
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Author Grace, R.; Montarnal, A.; Petitdemange, E.; Rutter, J.; Rodriguez, G.R.; Potts, M. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Collaborative Information Seeking during a 911 Call Surge: A Case Study Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 649-662  
  Keywords Emergency Communications; Information Seeking; Emergency Management; Crisis Informatics  
  Abstract This case study examines collaborative information seeking in a public-safety answering point during a 911 call surge that occurred when a man fired an assault rifle at police officers and evaded capture for nearly an hour in March 2020. Overwhelmed by questionable and imprecise reports from 911 callers, telecommunicators and on scene responders began working together to conduct broad and deep searches for the shooter. Whereas broad searches improved the scope of information gathering by identifying multiple, albeit questionable and imprecise, reports of the suspect’s location, deep searches improved the quality of information gathering by investigating 911 callers’ reports using drone, helicopter, and patrol units. These findings suggest requirements for collaborative information seeking in public-safety answering points, including capabilities to conduct broad and deep searches using next-generation 911 technologies, and command and control requirements for triaging these search tasks within inter-organizational emergency response systems.  
  Address Texas Tech University; IMT Mines Albi; Pennsylvania State University; Chandler Police Department  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Command and Control Studies Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/ZFAY5505 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2554  
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Author Berggren, P.; Ryrberg, T.; Lindhagen, A.; Johansson, B. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Building capacity – conceptualizing Training of Trainers Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 701-710  
  Keywords Training of Trainers; Exercises; Learning; Capacity Building  
  Abstract Many organizations train and educate their staff to prepare for crisis. One approach is train-the-trainer (ToT; Training of trainers) concept. It is based on the idea that someone can be trained as a trainer, who in turn train their colleagues. The philosophy resembles a pyramid scheme that allows for a fast and efficient spread of knowledge and skills. This study focused on perceptions of the ToT concept through interviews with ToT trainers. Two learning theories, organizational learning (4I) and experiential learning theory (ELT) were used to conceptualize the ToT-concept. It was found that the ToT-concept can be used as the method to conduct ELT to achieve organizational learning and knowledge (4I). Furthermore, the study also presents how participants perceives ToT using thematic analysis. This resulted in four themes: Common understanding of ToT, Learn-by doing, No grounding in ToT, and Difficult to ensure quality.  
  Address Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University; Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University; Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University; Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Command and Control Studies Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/ZCNU4149 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2558  
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Author Lindhagen, A.; Björnqvist, A.; Berggren, P. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Supporting Instructors in Conducting Exercises Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 721-731  
  Keywords Instructor Work; Simulation; Crisis Management; Exercise; Learning  
  Abstract Planning, designing, facilitating, and evaluating are central activities for instructors when conducting exercises. When conducting these activities, instructors usually rely on past experiences since structured educations or guides for instructors do not exist. It is therefore evident that there is a need for such educations or guides. In this study, the contents of a guide for instructors are proposed. The contents are based on seven semi-structured interviews with novel and experienced instructors, where they were asked to map their procedures for conducting exercises through a journey map. The interviews resulted in material which was transcribed and analysed using a thematic analysis. The thematic analysis emphasized five themes to consider when acting as an instructor, namely roles, realism, defining purpose and goals, learning, and planning and acting. The results from the interviews, combined with past literature, resulted in proposed contents for an instructor’s guide which is currently being developed.  
  Address Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University; Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University; Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Command and Control Studie Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/YXGM3592 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2560  
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Author Gkika, I.; Pattas, D.; Konstantoudakis, K.; Zarpalas, D. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Object detection and augmented reality annotations for increased situational awareness in light smoke conditions Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 231-241  
  Keywords Image Processing; Smoke; Augmented Reality; Deep Learning; Situational Awareness  
  Abstract Innovative technologies powered by Computer Vision algorithms can aid first responders, increasing their situ ational awareness. However, adverse conditions, such as smoke, can reduce the efficacy of such algorithms by degrading the input images. This paper presents a pipeline of image de-smoking, object detection, and augmented reality display that aims to enhance situational awareness in smoky conditions. A novel smoke-reducing deep learning algorithm is applied as a preprocessing step, before state-of-the-art object detection. The detected objects and persons are highlighted in the user’s augmented reality display. The proposed method is shown to increase detection accuracy and confidence. Testing in realistic environments provides an initial evaluation of the method, both in terms of image processing and of usefulness to first responders.  
  Address Information Technologies Institute; Information Technologies Institute; Information Technologies Institute; Information Technologies Institute  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Technologies for First Responders Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/YOMA9043 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2521  
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Author Chauhan, A. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Humor-Based COVID-19 Twitter Accounts Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 417-427  
  Keywords COVID-19; Twitter; Humor; Crisis Named Resources  
  Abstract Crisis Named Resources (or CNRs) are social media pages and accounts named after a crisis event. Using the COVID-19 Pandemic as a case study, we identified and examined the role of CNRs that shared humor on Twitter. Our analyses showed that humor-based CNRs shared virus-related rumors, stigma, safety measures, opinions, sarcasm, and news updates. These resources also shared the overall anger and frustration over the year 2020. We conclude by discussing the critical role of humor based CNRs in crisis response.  
  Address Concordia University of Edmonton  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media for Crisis Management Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/YHDI4576 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2536  
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Author Abdelgawad, A.A. pdf  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title An Updated System Dynamics Model for Analysing the Cascading Effects of Critical Infrastructure Failures Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 595-608  
  Keywords Critical Infrastructure; Cascading Failures; System Dynamics; Modelling And Simulation; Decision-Making  
  Abstract Aiming at examining the cascading effects of the failure of Critical Infrastructure (CI), this work-in-progress research introduces an improved System Dynamics model. We represent an improvement over the previous models aimed at studying CIs interdependencies and their cascading effects. Our model builds on earlier models and corrects their flaws. In addition to introducing structural enhancements, the improvements include using unpublished data, a fresh look at a previously collected dataset and employing a new data processing to address and resolve some longstanding issues. The dataset was fed to an optimisation model to produce a new dataset used in our model. The structure of our SD model, its dataset and the data processing techniques we employed to create this dataset are all described in the study. Although the model has passed the fundamental validation criteria, more validation testing and scenario exploration are yet to be conducted.  
  Address Centre for Integrated Emergency Research,University of Agder  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 979-8-218-21749-5 Medium  
  Track Analytic Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/XMVD9392 Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2550  
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