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Author Nuno Afonso; M. Luísa Sousa pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Seismic scenario simulations using a GIS Web Service Type Conference Article
  Year 2011 Publication 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2011  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Geographic information systems; Information systems; Risk assessment; Simulators; Web services; Websites; Catastrophic effects; Desktop environment; Emergency planning; Geographic information; Portugal; Seismic risk; Seismic risk assessment; Seismic scenarios; Seismology  
  Abstract Throughout its history, Portugal Mainland and Azores Archipelago have suffered the catastrophic effects of earthquakes originating significant damages in buildings and human losses. Being aware of Portuguese seismic risk, civil protection authorities promoted some studies leading to the development of a seismic scenario simulation tool, applicable to some Mainland Portuguese regions. This paper describes recent improvements in the seismic scenario simulation tool, named LNECloss, and illustrates its applications to the evaluation of building damages and social losses, due to plausible seismic scenarios affecting Portugal. Some development requirements were identified in LNECloss simulator, namely making it available as a service on the Web, providing a stand alone tool, with no need of a geographic information desktop environment, although with the GIS capabilities of mapping and synthesis of the seismic scenario effects. In conclusion, the developed GIS Web Service offers a useful tool for seismic risk assessment and emergency planning and management.  
  Address National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), Lisbon, Portugal  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Lisbon Editor M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789724922478 Medium  
  Track Geographic Information Science Expedition Conference 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 258  
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Author Victor A. Bañuls; Murray Turoff; Starr Roxanne Hiltz pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Supporting collaborative scenario analysis through Cross-Impact Type Conference Article
  Year 2012 Publication ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2012  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Information systems; Personnel training; Cia-Ism; Collaboration; Dirty bomb; Emergency planning; Scenario; Bombs (ordnance)  
  Abstract Scenarios can enhance the understanding of emergency teams about the factors which are involved in the definition of an emergency plan and how different actors participate in it. Cross-Impact Analysis aims at contributing to this goal through allowing the collaborative development of scenarios out of large event sets, and this ultimately reduces the complexity for estimating a working model. In this paper we analyze how to apply Cross-Impact Analysis for developing collaborative scenarios in Emergency Preparedness. In order to illustrate this research effort hypothetical results of a dirty bomb attack scenario exercise are presented. The purpose of this exercise is to demonstrate the ability of a group to create a working model of the scenario that may be used to examine the consequences of various assumptions about preparedness, plans, and the actions taken during the event. The method may be used as either a planning tool and/or a training tool. © 2012 ISCRAM.  
  Address Pablo de Olavide University, Spain; New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Simon Fraser University Place of Publication Vancouver, BC Editor L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780864913326 Medium  
  Track Planning and Foresight Expedition Conference 9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 78  
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Author Benjamin Herfort; Melanie Eckle; João Porto de Albuquerque; Alexander Zipf pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Towards assessing the quality of volunteered geographic information from OpenStreetMap for identifying critical infrastructures Type Conference Article
  Year 2015 Publication ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2015  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Critical Infrastructure; Disaster Management; Emergency planning; OpenStreetMap; Volunteered Geographic  
  Abstract Identifying the assets of a community that are part of its Critical Infrastructure (CI) is a crucial task in emergency planning. However, this task can prove very challenging due to the costs involved in defining the methodology and gathering the necessary data. Volunteered Geographic Information from collaborative maps such as OpenStreetMap (OSM) may be able to make a contribution in this context, since it contains valuable local knowledge. However, research is still due to assess the quality of OSM for the particular purpose of identifying critical assets. To fill this gap, this paper proposes a catalogue of critical asset types, based on the analysis of different reference frameworks. We thus analyze how good the emergent OSM data model is for representing these asset types, by verifying whether they can be mapped to tags used by the OSM community. Results show that critical asset types of all selected sectors and branches are well represented in OSM.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Agder (UiA) Place of Publication Kristiansand, Norway Editor L. Palen; M. Buscher; T. Comes; A. Hughes  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9788271177881 Medium  
  Track Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1313  
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Author John M. Carroll; Helena M. Mentis; Gregorio Convertino; Mary Beth Rosson; Craig Harvey Ganoe; Hansa Sinha; Dejin Zhao pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Prototyping collaborative geospatial emergency planning Type Conference Article
  Year 2007 Publication Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2007  
  Volume Issue Pages 105-113  
  Keywords Information systems; Software prototyping; Collaboration; Coordinated Multiple Views; Emergency planning; Geo-spatial information systems; Paper prototyping; Paper  
  Abstract Regional emergency planners use “tabletop” exercises to develop plans, to articulate strategies and constraints, and to practice working together. We conducted an experimental paper prototyping study to identify design requirements for a collaborative system to support distributed tabletop emergency planning exercises. We designed a reference task for geo-collaborative planning by adapting the hidden profile paradigm from social psychology as a model of obstacles to effective coordination in decision making. Our objective was to assess the usefulness and tractability of experimental paper prototyping methods for complex collaborative problem-solving contexts.  
  Address College of Information Sciences and Technology, Pennsylvania State University, United States  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Delft Editor B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789054874171; 9789090218717 Medium  
  Track METH Expedition Conference 4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 378  
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Author Gonçalo De Jesus; Anabela Oliveira; Maria A. Santos; João Palha-Fernandes pdf  openurl
  Title Development of a dam-break flood emergency information system Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Civil defense; Dams; Disasters; Floods; Population statistics; Risk management; Continuous development; Emergency information; Emergency management; Emergency planning; Emergency preparedness; Modular architectures; Real time monitoring; Real-time forecasts; Information systems  
  Abstract This paper presents a new information system, SAGE-B, structured to support all fundamental data related to dams and the elements associated to an emergency in case of a dam-break flood. Data such as information about the population located in the areas at risk or the vehicles available for rescue that are located in the areas impacted by the predicted flood are always changing. In order to support an effective update of the required information for emergency management, an emergency information system was conceived and proposed. This paper describes the motivation for this research and the basic requirements from an emergency management perspective. The platform has a modular architecture, developed in open and free technologies, which allows a continuous development and improvement. Examples of future developments include a multichannel emergency warning system, flood wave real-time forecast and dam-breaching real-time monitoring models.  
  Address Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Portugal  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Special Session: Response Information Systems Requirement Engineering and Evaluation Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 431  
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Author Simon French; Naomi Chambers; Duncan Shaw; Alan Boyd; Russell King; Alison Whitehead pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title A scoping study of R&D needs in emergency planning in UK healthcare systems Type Conference Article
  Year 2012 Publication ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2012  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Information systems; Emergency planning; Emergency preparedness; Health-care system; Information and Communication Technologies; Medical knowledge; Research and development; Scoping; Health care  
  Abstract Driven by events such as terrorist outrages and pandemics, the 21 st century has seen substantial changes in how countries plan for and manage emergencies across health care systems. Aside from changes in the pattern, type and scale of emergency, emergency preparedness must respond to developments in medical knowledge and treatment, and in information and communication technologies, particularly social networking. This report describes a scoping study of research and development (R&D) needs with regard to emergency planning in health care undertaken by the authors in the UK. We discuss the design of the study, difficulties in its conduct and, via a reference to the published final report, indicate its conclusions. © 2012 ISCRAM.  
  Address University of Warwick, United Kingdom; Manchester Business School, United Kingdom; Warwick Business School, United Kingdom; Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, United Kingdom; Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Simon Fraser University Place of Publication Vancouver, BC Editor L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780864913326 Medium  
  Track Healthcare Crisis Management Systems Expedition Conference 9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 113  
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Author Ignacio Aedo; Paloma Díaz; Victor A. Bañuls; José H. Canós-Cerdá; Starr Roxanne Hiltz pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Information technologies for emergency planning and training Type Conference Article
  Year 2011 Publication 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2011  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Information systems; Personnel training; Advanced interaction; Collaborative development; Document engineering; Emergency planning; Emergency plans; Emergency situation; Scenarios; Knowledge management  
  Abstract Crucial to improving the management of emergency situations is the definition of suitable Emergency Plans and training of participants in the application of such plans. In order to design a good Emergency Plan, experts from different areas need to work collaboratively to identify all the events and the relationships among such events. The main purpose of this project is to study different information technology techniques that can be used in the elaboration of and training for Emergency Plans, based on the use of scenarios. The use of such techniques will support collaborative development of Emergency Plans, the use of rich formats that provide different perspectives on a plan, the exportation and sharing of plans in order to increase their evolution and improvement, the instruction of participants, as well as better interaction, participation and exchange of knowledge. Key aspects of the plans for this recently begun project are described in this paper.  
  Address Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain; Universidad Pablo Olavide, Spain; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain; New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Lisbon Editor M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789724922478 Medium  
  Track Planning and Foresight Expedition Conference 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 256  
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Author Magnus Jändel; Sinna Lindquist; Linus Luotsinen pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Social coverage maps Type Conference Article
  Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013  
  Volume Issue Pages 241-250  
  Keywords Flow visualization; Information systems; Urban planning; Visualization; Command and control; Crisis management; Emergency planning; Human behaviours; Radioactive contamination; Social simulations; Visual representations; Wireless services; Electronic warfare  
  Abstract This paper introduces Social Coverage Maps (SCM) as a visual representation of the societal impact of localized disruptions in urban areas. Incited by the recent deliberate interruption of wireless services for the purpose of crowd control in San Francisco, we focus on the use of SCMs for representing emergent effects of electronic warfare. As a prequel we discuss maps and other visualizations as representations of human behaviour and relations. The SCM concept is defined and grounded in simulation-based parameters. Using an experimental scenario based on cell phone jamming in a city we show how SCMs are generated using an agent-based population simulator. We find that Social Coverage Maps could become a useful tool for analysing emergent effects of actions and events including electronic warfare, roadblocks, smoke, teargas, chemical and radioactive contamination with applications in operational and emergency planning as well as crisis management.  
  Address Swedish Defence Research Agency, Sweden  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium  
  Track Decision Support Systems Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 618  
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Author Rodriguez, R.; Bañuls, V.A. pdf  openurl
  Title Designing collaborative emergency plans for enhancing resilience in urban business parks Type Conference Article
  Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023  
  Volume Issue Pages 1069-1069  
  Keywords Collaborative Emergency Planning; Business Parks; Emergency Management; Information Systems; Organizational Resilience  
  Abstract Nowadays, emergency planning is an intangible business asset that allows companies to better face the possible catastrophic events they may be exposed to. The aim of the present study was to determine what collaborative emergency planning is and which elements must be considered in it, taking into account that the purpose of this type of planning is to help several organizations to work together in any emergency. The data were gathered through focus groups in an industrial area of Southern Europe that comprises more than 2,500 companies. The results obtained in this work allowed defining the reach of Collaborative Emergency Planning in business parks, as well as its basic functionalities, emergency scenarios and aggravating scenarios. Lastly, it was determined that Collaborative Emergency Planning is a tool for the construction of Organizational Resilience.  
  Address Universidad Católica de Cuenca  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Poster Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2589  
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Author André Sabino; Armanda Rodrigues pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Understanding the role of cooperation in emergency plan construction Type Conference Article
  Year 2011 Publication 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2011  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Computer supported cooperative work; Geographic information systems; Interactive computer systems; Co-operation strategy; Emergency planning; Emergency response plans; Extract informations; Information organization; Information representation; Manage information; Spatial informations; Information systems  
  Abstract In this paper we describe a proposal for information organization for computer supported cooperative work, while working with spatial information. It is focused on emergency response plan construction, and the requirements extracted from that task. At the centre of our proposal is the analysis of the structure of the cooperative workspace. We argue that the internal information representation should follow a spatial approach, tying the structure used to manage users with the structure used to manage information, suggesting the use of different spaces to represent the information. The gain we expect from this approach is the improved capacity to extract information on how people are cooperating and their relationship with the information they are working with. The ideas are introduced while focusing on real life emergency planning activities, where we discuss the current shortcomings of the cooperation strategies in use and propose a solution.  
  Address Departamento de Informática, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Lisbon Editor M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789724922478 Medium  
  Track Social Media and Collaborative Systems Expedition Conference 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 903  
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Author Hélène Soubaras; Juliette Mattioli pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Injury worsening risk modeling and rescue emergency analysis in a disaster Type Conference Article
  Year 2007 Publication Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2007  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-5  
  Keywords Biological systems; Disasters; Dynamical systems; Casualties; Crisis management; Dynamical system modeling; Emergency planning; Rescuers; Verhulst; Risk assessment  
  Abstract In a crisis with casualties, while there is no medical intervention, the severity of the injuries increases, and some people may die. Since the number of rescuers is limited, it is necessary to perform a planning and a deployment of this resource on the basis of a risk criterion illustrating the potential increase of the number of casualties at each point of the concerned area. Emergency planning is still a poorly developed science [3]. This paper provides a dynamical model for the number of casualties, inspired from the Verhulst model classically used for biological systems [5], to evaluate this risk criterion as a function of future time. It calculates the evolution of the number of unrescued casualties, the number of dead people, and the number of rescued people, as a function of the number of rescuers. Numerical results are shown.  
  Address Thales Research and Technology, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Delft Editor B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789054874171; 9789090218717 Medium  
  Track GENE Expedition Conference 4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 968  
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Author Sara Tena; Ignacio Aedo; David Díez; Paloma Díaz pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title TIPExtop: An exploratory design tool for emergency planning Type Conference Article
  Year 2014 Publication ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2014  
  Volume Issue Pages 454-462  
  Keywords Design; Information systems; Planning; Collaborative decision making; Emergency planning; Interactive system; Risk reductions; Tabletop exercise; Risk assessment  
  Abstract Emergency planning is an ongoing activity in which a multidisciplinary group of experts intermittently collaborate to define the most appropriate response to risks. One of the most important tasks of emergency planning is risk reduction. Such a task compiles the analysis of capabilities to face an emergency, the prioritizing of activities, and the definition of procedures and strategies. It is therefore a reflection process based on exchanging information between planners and exploring alternatives. Despite the exploration of alternatives is an especially relevant activity to design better plans, recent research on computer-mediated collaborative tools for planning do not usually offer support for this activity. Thus, with the purpose of supporting reflection during the development of risk reduction tasks, this paper presents an exploratory design tool that allow planners to assess the space of alternatives and the underlying information related those alternatives. This planning tool will help planners to examine and contextualize information, allowing them to define more suitable response strategies.  
  Address Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher The Pennsylvania State University Place of Publication University Park, PA Editor S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780692211946 Medium  
  Track Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1002  
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Author Murray Turoff; Michael J. Chumer; Starr Roxanne Hiltz pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Emergency planning as a continuous game Type Conference Article
  Year 2006 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2006  
  Volume Issue Pages 477-486  
  Keywords Hardware; Emergency planning; Emergency plans; High confidence; Information systems  
  Abstract Currently there are serious problems with organizational abilities to plan the response to emergencies. This paper presents a fundamental premise that the use of a game employing competing human teams operating on a continuous asynchronous basis over long periods of time is the way to develop high confidence emergency plans within a given organization.  
  Address Information Systems Department, New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Newark, NJ Editor B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9090206019; 9789090206011 Medium  
  Track Military and Civil Information Systems for Emergency Preparedness Expedition Conference 3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1022  
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Author Murray Turoff; Victor A. Bañuls pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Major extensions to Cross-Impact Analysis Type Conference Article
  Year 2011 Publication 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2011  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Hardware; Cross-impact analysis; Emergency planning; Emergency preparedness; Interpretive structural modeling; Scenarios; Information systems  
  Abstract In recent years Cross-Impact Analysis (CIA) has resurged as a powerful tool for forecasting the occurrence or not of a set of interrelated events in complex situations, such as emergencies. In this sense, CIA can be used for creating working models out of significant events and crisis scenarios. CIA has been combined with other methodological approaches in order to increase its functionality and improve its final outcome. This is the case of the merger of CIA and the technique called Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). The CIA-ISM approach aims at contributing to CIA with tools for detecting critical events and supporting graphical representation of scenarios. In this paper, major extensions to CIA-ISM are presented. These extensions are based on the inclusion of initial condition events and outcome events as two new event types that make CIA-ISM much richer in its potential span of application areas. The practical implications of these major extensions to CIA-ISM are illustrated with an example. The usefulness of this contribution to researchers and practitioners concerned with emergency planning and preparedness is also discussed.  
  Address New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States; Universidad Pablo Olavide, Spain  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Lisbon Editor M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789724922478 Medium  
  Track Planning and Foresight Expedition Conference 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1026  
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Author Kim Weyns; Martin Höst pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Dependability of IT systems in municipal emergency management Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2009  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Civil defense; Disasters; Information systems; Risk assessment; Risk management; Crisis situations; Dependability; Emergency management; Emergency planning; IT management; Municipal emergencies; Process improvement frameworks; Vulnerability analysis; Human resource management  
  Abstract In recent years governmental actors have become more and more dependent on IT systems for their responsibilities in a crisis situation. To avoid unexpected problems with the dependability of IT systems in the aftermath of a crisis it is important that such risks are identified and that measures can be taken to reduce the dependence on systems that could be unreliable. This paper describes two case studies exploring how Swedish municipalities incorporate IT systems in their emergency planning. The study focuses especially on how different actors within a municipality cooperate to analyse the risks of depending on IT systems in critical situations. The study shows that today there is much room for improvement, especially in the communication between IT personnel and emergency managers. Finally, this paper describes the requirements for a process improvement framework that can assist governmental actors in analysing and improving their dependency on IT systems in emergency management.  
  Address Lund University, Sweden  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Gothenburg Editor J. Landgren, S. Jul  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789163347153 Medium  
  Track Open Track Expedition Conference 6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1079  
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Author Gerhard Wickler pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Validating procedural knowledge in the open virtual collaboration environment Type Conference Article
  Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013  
  Volume Issue Pages 607-616  
  Keywords Information systems; Knowledge engineering; Virtual reality; Web services; Distributed knowledge; Emergency planning; Hierarchical task networks; International Planning Competitions; Large-scale emergency; Procedural knowledge; Standard operating procedures; Virtual collaboration; Emergency services  
  Abstract This paper describes the OpenVCE system, which is an open-source environment that integrates Web 2.0 technology and a 3D virtual world space to support collaborative work, specifically in large-scale emergency response scenarios, where the system has been evaluated. The support is achieved through procedural knowledge that is available to the system. OpenVCE supports the distributed knowledge engineering of procedural knowledge in a semi-formal framework based on a wiki. For the formal aspect it relies on a representation used in AI planning, specifically, Hierarchical Task Networks, which corresponds naturally to the way emergency response procedures are described in existing Standard Operating Procedures. Knowledge engineering is supported by domain analysis that may highlight issues with the representation. The main contribution of this paper lies in a reasonably informal description of the analysis. The procedural knowledge available to OpenVCE can be utilized in the environment through plans generated by a planner and given to the users as intelligent, distributed to-do lists. The system has been evaluated in experiments using emergency response experts, and it was shown that procedural uncertainty could be improved, despite the complex and new technologies involved. Furthermore, the support for knowledge engineering through domain analysis has been evaluated using several domains from the International Planning Competition, and it was possible to bring out some issues with these examples.  
  Address University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium  
  Track Intelligent Systems Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1084  
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Author Rene Windhouwer; Gerdien A. Klunder; F.M. Sanders pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Decision support system emergency planning, creating evacuation strategies in the event of flooding Type Conference Article
  Year 2005 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2005 – 2nd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2005  
  Volume Issue Pages 171-180  
  Keywords Artificial intelligence; Behavioral research; Decision support systems; Disaster prevention; Disasters; Information systems; Oil well flooding; Risk perception; Traffic control; Decision support system (dss); Decision supports; Emergency planning; Evacuation; Evacuation strategy; Extreme weather; River flooding; Traffic flow; Floods  
  Abstract The Decision Support System (DSS) Emergency Planning is designed for use in the event of sea or river flooding. It makes accessible all the information related to the decision whether to evacuate an area. An important factor in this decision is the time required for the evacuation. The model used by the DSS Emergency Planning system to estimate the time required employs a strategy that prevents congestion on the road network in the area at risk. The use of the DSS Emergency Planning system during the proactive and prevention phases enables disaster containment organisations to prepare better for a flood situation. Moreover, all relevant information is saved and is therefore available for the post-disaster evaluation. The DSS Emergency Planning system can play a significant role in ensuring that the evacuation of an area at risk goes according to plan. In the future the DSS Emergency Planning system can also be used to evacuate people in the event of a nuclear, natural fire or extreme weather disaster.  
  Address Ingenieursbureau Oranjewoud, Netherlands; TNO Inro, Netherlands  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Brussels Editor B. Van de Walle, B. Carle  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9076971099 Medium  
  Track DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS Expedition Conference 2nd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1094  
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