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Author |
Kees Boersma; Julie Ferguson; Peter Groenewegen; Jeroen Wolbers |
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Title |
Beyond the myth of control: Toward network switching in disaster management |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2014 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
125-129 |
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Keywords |
Disaster prevention; Information systems; Networks (circuits); Switching; Adaptive capacity; Citizen involvement; Command and control; Disaster management; Disaster response; Humanitarian response; Interconnected network; Management structure; Disasters |
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Abstract |
A novel, 'net-centric' approach to disaster management is challenging traditional forms of command and control, through technology-supported, self-directed networks of heterogeneous stakeholders including affected citizens. Citizen involvement in crisis response can strengthen the resilience of local communities, and improve the relevance and delivery of response, evidenced by increasingly important Web2.0-based platforms. While netcentric responses show promise as a principle, it remains unclear how networks can be integrated in shared response infrastructures. We draw on the concepts of 'programming' and 'switching' to suggest a different perspective by which to explore the potential and consequences of interconnected networks. Finally, we propose a research agenda that can help identify and understand switching points in disaster response, comparing a weakly formalized management structure, but strong in citizen involvement, with a strongly formalized management structure, but weak in citizen involvement. We thereby suggest how response organizations can relinquish their reliance on control and command approaches, increasing their adaptive capacity to capitalize on citizen-based information. |
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Address |
VU University Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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Publisher |
The Pennsylvania State University |
Place of Publication |
University Park, PA |
Editor |
S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih. |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780692211946 |
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Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
332 |
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Author |
Aslak Wegner Eide; Ida Maria Haugstveit; Ragnhild Halvorsrud; María Borén |
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Title |
Inter-organizational collaboration structures during emergency response: A case study |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2013 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
94-104 |
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Keywords |
Communication; Complex networks; Information systems; Networks (circuits); Risk management; Chemical incidents; Emergency management; Emergency response; Interorganizational collaboration; Emergency services |
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Abstract |
This paper examines the problem of achieving efficient inter-organizational collaboration during emergency response. The authors interviewed 11 representatives from Norwegian emergency agencies and supporting organizations about a hypothetical scenario involving a large-scale chemical incident. The interviews resulted in the identification and categorization of more than 45 actors that would be involved in the response effort, clarification of the individual capabilities and knowledge those actors would possess, and descriptions of how they would interact and communicate with each other. The results illustrate the complexity and necessity of achieving inter-organizational collaboration by showing how capabilities and knowledge are distributed and communicated across different actors, and suggest that such communications are mainly verbal. Based on this, the paper discusses challenges and opportunities for improving inter-organizational collaboration in the future. |
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Address |
SINTEF ICT, Norway |
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Publisher |
Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie |
Place of Publication |
KIT; Baden-Baden |
Editor |
T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9783923704804 |
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Track |
Coordination and Collaboration |
Expedition |
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Conference |
10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
470 |
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Author |
Thomas Foulquier; Claude Caron |
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Title |
Towards a formalization of interorganizational trust networks for crisis management |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2010 |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Networks (circuits); Social sciences computing; Crisis; Crisis management; Formalization; Inter-organizational trust; Sensemaking; Trust; Trust networks; Information systems |
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Abstract |
As the concept of trust has found its way into the crisis management literature, many questions remain to be addressed, among which that of its integration with information technology, and its relevance for improving collaboration in a crisis management environment. We propose in this paper that a sub category of social networks, interpersonal trust networks between organisations, may have a significant influence on the management of a crisis by organizations, and that their formalization by technology can help manage such networks and prepare for potential crises. Following a review of trust in the crisis management context, we link trust's organizing properties to crisis management case studies and present our rationale for formalizing trust networks in an information system. We consider the technological artifact produced before the crisis by formalizing interpersonal, interorganizational trust relationships will constitute an element for collective sensemaking by parties involved in the management of a crisis. |
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Address |
Geobusiness Group, Faculté d'Administration, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Track |
Special Session: Information Credibility, Trust, Privacy and Security in Information Systems for Emergency Management |
Expedition |
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Conference |
7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1007 |
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Author |
Terence D. Gibson |
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Title |
It's not just the data: Participatory monitoring and the most significant change |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2010 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Information systems; Networks (circuits); Access to resources; Disaster reduction; Disaster risk reductions; Participatory monitoring; Political influences; Social movements; Technical aspects; Transnational networks; Disasters |
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Abstract |
Overlaying the technical aspects of participative communications and network design is the question 'how they can secure social change?' Social change is a political act. How can transnational networks gain political influence for local groupings at the national and international level? The Global Network for Disaster Reduction has undertaken a large scale 'participatory monitoring' project with the intended aim of using an activist 'social network' to create 'social demand': influencing policy and implementation within the UN.s framework for disaster reduction. While the project achieved its intended goals, the unintended impacts of the project are argued to be at least as significant; revealing ways that networks can create 'political space' at the local level which can influence policy and access to resources at the national and international level. This paper is presented from a practitioner perspective, linking practice to theoretical work on transnational social movements and participative communications. |
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Address |
Global Network for Disaster Reduction, United Kingdom |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Track |
Humanitarian Challenges |
Expedition |
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Conference |
7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
527 |
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Author |
Jose J. Gonzalez; Ole-Christoffer Granmo; Bjørn Erik Munkvold; Frank Y Li; Julie Dugdale |
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Title |
Multidisciplinary challenges in an integrated emergency management approach |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2012 |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Civil defense; Information systems; Networks (circuits); Oil fields; Risk management; Social sciences computing; Virtual reality; Citizen participation; Emis; Human-Centered Sensing; Integrated Operations; Virtual collaboration; Disasters |
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Abstract |
The University of Agder, Norway, has recently founded a Centre for Integrated Emergency Management (CIEM). The centre brings together a highly multi-disciplinary group of local and international researchers in technology and the social sciences. This paper presents an interdisciplinary vision for large-scale integrated emergency management that has been inspired by the transition from platform centric to Integrated Operations in the oil and gas fields, which uses remote emergency control centers collaborating virtually with local responders. The paper discusses some of the most salient research challenges for Integrated Emergency Management. © 2012 ISCRAM. |
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Address |
University of Agder, Norway; University of Grenoble 2, France |
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Publisher |
Simon Fraser University |
Place of Publication |
Vancouver, BC |
Editor |
L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780864913326 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning and Foresight |
Expedition |
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Conference |
9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
116 |
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Author |
Jeannette N. Sutton |
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Title |
Twittering Tennessee: Distributed networks and collaboration following a technological disaster |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2010 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Disasters; Information systems; Networks (circuits); Collaboration; Communication mechanisms; Industry representatives; Informal communication; Micro-blogging services; Resilience; Technological disasters; Twitter; Social networking (online) |
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Abstract |
Informal communication channels are often the primary means by which time-sensitive hazard information first reaches members of the public. The capacity for informal communications has been recently transformed by the widespread adoption of social media technologies, such as the micro-blogging service Twitter, which allows individuals to interact with a broad audience over great distances. During a disaster or crisis event, this networked communication mechanism provides a means to communicate information and facilitate collaboration both locally and among distributed networks. This paper examines the use of Twitter following a technological disaster, showing how geographically dispersed individuals broadcast information about the impact of the disaster and its long-term effects, in contrast with the dearth of participation among public officials and industry representatives. Non-local users challenged authoritative accounts of the disaster and corrected misinformation. Conclusions are provided for policy makers and suggestions are offered for further research. |
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Address |
University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, United States |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Track |
Collaboration and Social Networking |
Expedition |
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Conference |
7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
987 |
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Author |
Jian Wang; Tim Yardley; Himanshu Khurana; Liying Wang |
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Title |
LENS: Location-based emergency notification service |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2010 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Emergency services; Information systems; Networks (circuits); Web browsers; Emergency notification; Emergency situation; Location based; Metropolitan networks; Notification Service; Notification systems; Off-the-shelf components; Redirection; Location based services |
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Abstract |
University campuses and municipalities are currently spending large sums of money to acquire systems that allow dissemination of information in emergency situations. The majority of these are mass notification systems that first register multiple contacts for community residents (email, phone, pager, etc.) and then deliver information to those residents at the push of a button to leave a message. Motivated by the limitations of such approaches, in this work we explore the use of existing metropolitan network infrastructures to design a new Location-Based Emergency Notification Service (LENS). LENS selectively redirecting residents to safety information using existing communication channels (e.g., Web browsing over HTTP). LENS eliminates the need for registration, provides minimal interruption to users and involves a low-cost setup. We prototype LENS using off-the-shelf components and demonstrate efficiency and scalability for a 60,000 user campus environment. |
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Address |
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, United States |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Track |
Technologies and Tools |
Expedition |
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Conference |
7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1063 |
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