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	Author	Aamir Mahmood; Konstantinos Koufos; Krisztina Cziner
	Title	Multicast voice performance within a public safety cell			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2008	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2008
	Volume		Issue		Pages	18-24
	Keywords	Computer simulation; Equipment testing; Information systems; Reliability analysis; Voice/data communication systems; Distributed Coordination Function; Emergency scenario; Initial deployments; Mobility model; Public safety communications; Simulation studies; Statistical properties; Voice over Internet protocol; Multicasting
	Abstract	In public safety communications the first responders are getting directions about the tactical action plan with multicast voice whereas they can report back to the dispatcher with unicast voice. In this paper, the aim is to find the maximum number of voice calls for situation reporting in the presence of multicast voice for tactical coordination. In order to increase the reliability of our analysis we verify our simulator against a test bed prototype consisting of three 802.11 terminals. The simulation study is applied within a mobile cell. The proposed mobility model applies for initial deployment in emergency scenarios. We investigate the statistical properties of the model by simulations.
	Address	Teknillinen Korkeakoulu, TKK, Finland
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Washington, DC	Editor	F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780615206974	Medium
	Track	Communication Systems and Technologies for Crisis and Disaster Response	Expedition		Conference	5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	735
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	Author	Abbas Ganji; Negin Alimohammadi; Scott Miles
	Title	Challenges in Community Resilience Planning and Opportunities with Simulation Modeling			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2019
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Community resilience; human-centered design; interface design; simulation modeling; recovery planning
	Abstract	The importance of community resilience has become increasingly recognized in emergency management and post-disaster community well-being. To this end, three seismic resilience planning initiatives have been conducted in the U.S. in the last decade to envision the current state of community resilience. Experts who participated in these initiatives confronted challenges that must be addressed for future planning initiatives. We interviewed eighteen participants to learn about the community resilience planning process, its characteristics, and challenges. Conducting qualitative content analysis, we identify six main challenges to community resilience planning: complex network systems; interdependencies among built environment systems; inter-organizational collaboration; connections between the built environment and social systems; communications between built environment and social institutions? experts; and communication among decision-makers, social stakeholders, and community members. To overcome the identified challenges, we discuss the capability of human-centered simulation modeling as a combination of simulation modeling and human-centered design to facilitate community resilience planning.
	Address	University of Washington, United States of America
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Valencia, Spain	Editor	Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-84-09-10498-7	Medium
	Track	T7- Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis	Expedition		Conference	16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1873
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	Author	Abdelgawad, A.A.
	Title	An Updated System Dynamics Model for Analysing the Cascading Effects of Critical Infrastructure Failures			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2023	Publication	Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2023
	Volume		Issue		Pages	595-608
	Keywords	Critical Infrastructure; Cascading Failures; System Dynamics; Modelling And Simulation; Decision-Making
	Abstract	Aiming at examining the cascading effects of the failure of Critical Infrastructure (CI), this work-in-progress research introduces an improved System Dynamics model. We represent an improvement over the previous models aimed at studying CIs interdependencies and their cascading effects. Our model builds on earlier models and corrects their flaws. In addition to introducing structural enhancements, the improvements include using unpublished data, a fresh look at a previously collected dataset and employing a new data processing to address and resolve some longstanding issues. The dataset was fed to an optimisation model to produce a new dataset used in our model. The structure of our SD model, its dataset and the data processing techniques we employed to create this dataset are all described in the study. Although the model has passed the fundamental validation criteria, more validation testing and scenario exploration are yet to be conducted.
	Address	Centre for Integrated Emergency Research,University of Agder
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	University of Nebraska at Omaha	Place of Publication	Omaha, USA	Editor	Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor	Hosssein Baharmand	Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition	1
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	979-8-218-21749-5	Medium
	Track	Analytic Modeling and Simulation	Expedition		Conference
	Notes	http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/XMVD9392			Approved	no
	Call Number	ISCRAM @ idladmin @			Serial	2550
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	Author	Adam Widera; Sandra Lechtenberg; Gaby Gurczik; Sandra Bähr; Bernd Hellingrath
	Title	Integrated Logistics and Transport Planning in Disaster Relief Operations			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	752-764
	Keywords	Humanitarian Logistics; Logistics Planning; Transport Planning; Use Case; Simulation; Routing
	Abstract	Decision making in the area of humanitarian logistics and supply chain management often suffers because of the interrelations between planning horizons, tasks, and crisis management lifecycle phases. In this paper, we present a method, an exemplary prototypical implementation and its evaluation within a relief organization. Based on a structured literature analysis (a review of existing information systems as well as a consideration of ongoing research projects), basic requirements for an integrated logistics and transport planning approach were derived. Together with end-user involvement, these results were used to design and prototype a concept of an appropriate information system, which was applied and evaluated in a tabletop exercise. The generated results are promising in terms of having a positive impact on the logistics effectiveness. In combination with the identified limitations, our results promise to have an impact on future ISCRAM research.
	Address	Chair of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management, University of Münster; German Aerospace Center, Institute of Transportation Systems
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Logistics and Supply-Chain	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2062
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	Author	Ahmed Abdeltawab Abdelgawad
	Title	Reliability of expert estimates of cascading failures in Critical Infrastructure			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2019
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Expert assessment; Desktop exercise; Tabletop exercise; Modeling and simulation; Dynamic complexity
	Abstract	Owing to the complexity of Critical Infrastructures and the richness of issues to analyze, numerous approaches are used to model the behavior of CIs. Organizations having homeland security as mission often conduct desktop-based simulations using judgmental assessment of CI interdependencies and cascading failures. Expert estimates concern direct effects between the originally disrupted CI sector and other sectors. To better understand the magnitude of aggregate cascading effects, we developed a system dynamics model that uses expert estimates of cascading failures to compare the aggregate effect of cascading failures with the primary direct cascading failures. We find that the aggregate effect of compounded cascading failures becomes significantly greater than the primary cascading failures the longer the duration of the original disruption becomes. Our conceptually simple system dynamics model could be used to improve desktop-based exercises, since it illustrates consequences that go beyond judgmental assessment.
	Address	Centre for Integrated Emergency Management (CIEM), University of Agder, Norway
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Valencia, Spain	Editor	Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-84-09-10498-7	Medium
	Track	T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1703
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	Author	Ahmed Laatabi; Benoit Gaudou; Chihab Hanachi; Patricia Stolf; Sébastien Truptil
	Title	Coupling Agent-based Simulation with Optimization to Enhance Population Sheltering			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2022	Publication	ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2022
	Volume		Issue		Pages	116-132
	Keywords	Sheltering; Simulation; Agent-Based Modeling; Optimization; Vehicle Routing Problem; Coupling; Flood Evacuation
	Abstract	Population sheltering is a recurrent problem in crisis management that requires addressing two aspects: evacuating vulnerable people using emergency vehicles and regulating movements of pedestrians and individual vehicles towards shelters. While these aspects have received considerable attention in modeling and simulation literature, very few approaches consider them simultaneously. In this paper, we argue that Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) and Optimization are two complementary approaches that can address the problem of sheltering globally and efficiently and be the basis of coherent frameworks for decision- and policy-making. Optimization can build efficient sheltering plans, and ABMS can explore what-if scenarios and use geospatial data to display results within a realistic environment. To illustrate the benefits of a framework based on this coupling approach, we simulate actual flash flood scenarios using real-world data from the city of Trèbes in South France. Local authorities may use the developed tools to plan and decide on sheltering strategies, notably, when and how to evacuate depending on available time and resources.
	Address	University of Toulouse; University of Toulouse; University of Toulouse; University of Toulouse; CEA Tech Occitanie
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Tarbes, France	Editor	Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-82-8427-099-9	Medium
	Track	Analytical Modeling and Simulation	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	ISCRAM @ idladmin @			Serial	2403
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	Author	Ahmed S. Khalaf; Poom Pianpak; Sultan A. Alharthi; Zahra NaminiMianji; Ruth Torres; Son Tran; Igor Dolgov; Zachary O. Toups
	Title	An Architecture for Simulating Drones in Mixed Reality Games to Explore Future Search and Rescue Scenarios			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	971-982
	Keywords	Mixed Reality, Drones, Simulations, Disaster Response, Search and Rescue
	Abstract	The proliferation of unmanned aerial systems (i.e., drones) can provide great value to the future of search and rescue. However, with the increase adoption of such systems, issues around hybrid human-drone team coordination and planning will arise. To address these early challenges, we provide insights into the development of testbeds in the form of mixed reality games with simulated drones. This research presents an architecture to address challenges and opportunities in using drones for search and rescue. On this architecture, we develop a mixed reality game in which human players engage with the physical world and with gameplay that is purely virtual. We expect the architecture to be useful to a range of researchers an practitioners, forming the basis for investigating and training within this unique, new domain.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Rochester Institute of Technology	Place of Publication	Rochester, NY (USA)	Editor	Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-0-692-12760-5	Medium
	Track	Open Track	Expedition		Conference	ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2169
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	Author	Alayne Da Costa Duarte; Marcos R. S. Borges; Jose Orlando Gomes; De Paulo V. R. Carvalho
	Title	ASC model: A process model for the evaluation of simulated field exercises in the emergency domain			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2013	Publication	ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2013
	Volume		Issue		Pages	551-555
	Keywords	Information systems; Activity report; Emergency; Evaluation; Evaluation program; High-risk areas; Process Modeling; Real situation; Structural modeling; Computer simulation
	Abstract	The undefined flow of execution of activities in an evaluation process hampers its implementation. A consistent evaluation process defines interrelated methodological steps that make it easier for the evaluator to lead the process. This article presents a process model for the evaluation of simulated field exercises in the emergency domain, including their sub processes and activities. The proposed model was derived from observations made during real situations of a simulated evacuation exercise of communities in high-risk areas in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The motivation came from the finding that the assessment of simulated field exercises is conducted by completing an activity report that does not follow a structural model, an evaluation program or a formal standard. The results of this research show the experts' satisfaction with the application of the model proposed for the development of an evaluation process. The same occurs when comparing to reports currently used by them for this purpose.
	Address	UFRJ, Brazil; IEN, Brazil
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie	Place of Publication	KIT; Baden-Baden	Editor	T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9783923704804	Medium
	Track	Innovations in Research	Expedition		Conference	10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	420
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	Author	Alec Pawling; Tim Schoenharl; Ping Yan; Greg Madey
	Title	WIPER: An emergency response system			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2008	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2008
	Volume		Issue		Pages	702-710
	Keywords	Data mining; Geographic information systems; Information systems; Agent based simulation; Emergency response; Emergency response systems; Emergency situation; Integrated systems; Running simulations; Simulation systems; Web-based front end; Financial data processing
	Abstract	This paper describes the WIPER system, a proof of concept prototype, and progress made on its development to date. WIPER is intended to provide emergency response managers with an integrated system that detects possible emergencies from cellular communication data, attempts to predict the development of emergency situations, and provides tools for evaluating possible courses of action in dealing with emergency situations. We describe algorithms for detecting anomalies in streaming cellular communication network data, the implementation of a simulation system that validates running simulations with new real world data, and a web-based front end to the WIPER system. We also discuss issues relating to the real-time aggregation of data from the cellular service provider and its distribution to components of the WIPER system.
	Address	Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46656, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Washington, DC	Editor	F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780615206974	Medium
	Track	Decentralized and Self-Organizing IT-Infrastructures for Crisis Response and Management	Expedition		Conference	5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	836
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	Author	Alexandre Ahmad; Olivier Balet; Jesse Himmelstein; Arjen Boin; Maaike Schaap; Paolo Brivio; Fabio Ganovelli; Enrico Gobbetti; Giovanni Pintore; Jean-Baptiste De La Riviere
	Title	Interactive simulation technology for crisis management and training: The INDIGO project			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2012	Publication	ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2012
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Artificial intelligence; Augmented reality; Decision support systems; Image reconstruction; Information systems; Managers; Mobile devices; Personnel training; Common operational picture; Crisis management; Crisis simulations; Image-Based Rendering; Interactive simulations; Simulation software; Visualization systems and software; White board; Computer software
	Abstract	To face the urgent need to train strategic and operational managers in dealing with complex crises, we are researching and developing an innovative decision support system to be used for crisis management and interactive crisis training. This paper provides an overview of current decision-support systems, simulation software and other technologies specifically designed to serve crisis managers. These findings inform the design of a new interactive simulation technology system, where a 3D Common Operational Picture (COP) is shared between tactile digital whiteboard in the command center and mobile devices in the field. Â© 2012 ISCRAM.
	Address	DIGINEXT, France; CRISIS PLAN, France; ISTI, CNR, France; CRS4, Italy; IMMERSION, France
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Simon Fraser University	Place of Publication	Vancouver, BC	Editor	L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780864913326	Medium
	Track	Open Track	Expedition		Conference	9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	68
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	Author	Alicia Cabañas Ibañez; Dirk Schwanenberg; Luis Garrote De Marcos; Miguel Francés Mahamud; Javier Arbaizar González
	Title	An example of Flood Forecasting and Decision-Support System for water management in Spain			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2011	Publication	8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2011
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Artificial intelligence; Computer simulation; Decision support systems; Flood control; Hydraulic tools; Information systems; Reservoir management; Water management; Data-sources; Early warning; Early Warning System; Flood forecasting; Flood management; Open-shell; Floods
	Abstract	The paper provides an overview of past, present and future development in the program to implement a Flood Forecasting and Decision-Support System (DSS) for the SAIH network in some Spanish basins. These tools represent a significant advance by embedding the decision-making components for management of hydraulic infrastructure into the flood forecasting and flood early warning procedures. The DSS has been implemented based on an open-shell platform for integrating various data sources and different simulation models. So far, it covers the Segura, Jucar, Tajo, Duero and Miño-Sil basins, which represent 42% of Spanish territory. Special attention is paid to the decision-support for the operation of the 66 major reservoirs as a fundamental part of flood management.
	Address	KV Consultores, Madrid, Spain; Deltares, Operational Water Management, Delft, Netherlands; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain; Dirección General Del Agua, Spain
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Lisbon	Editor	M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789724922478	Medium
	Track	Early Warning and Alert Systems	Expedition		Conference	8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	609
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	Author	Alison J. Hayes; Jessica Lancaster; Zeno Franco; Anne Kissack
	Title	Disaster medical education & simulated crisis events: A translational approach			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2012	Publication	ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2012
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Human resource management; Information systems; Medical education; Medical problems; Personnel training; Students; Disaster medicine; Evidence-based; Serious gaming; Team-in-the-loop simulation; Translational science; Disasters
	Abstract	This review addresses current educational and research efforts in disaster medical education (DME) in the United States. Since the events of 9/11, DME has received greater attention. However substantial problems remain in terms of ensuring that large numbers of medical students and residents are exposed to high quality DME – not only Emergency Medicine residents. Barriers to widespread adoption of DME include lack of performance metrics, disagreement task areas, and lack of emphasis on physician leadership. Further, such efforts must ensure retention of key information over periods that are disaster free; utilize objective training metrics that will allow for an evidence base to form; and develop low cost, scalable training approaches that offer greater fidelity to the disaster environment than classroom based instruction. To improve the state of the art, we argue that DME research must move toward a translational science model that integrates important advances in basic information science into application that improve the clinical performance of frontline medical staff who are called on to respond to individual and community needs in the aftermath of disaster. Mid-fidelity, team-in-the-loop simulations developed for disaster manager training may provide an avenue toward improved DME by exposing medical students to scenarios that fundamentally challenge their assumptions in real-time game play. This can be accomplished with lower costs and greater scalability than live exercise or mock-up training approaches. Â© 2012 ISCRAM.
	Address	Medical College of Wisconsin, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Simon Fraser University	Place of Publication	Vancouver, BC	Editor	L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780864913326	Medium
	Track	Healthcare Crisis Management Systems	Expedition		Conference	9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	125
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	Author	Amanda Jaber; Björn Johan Erik Johansson; Linnea Bergsten; Joeri Laere van; Peter Berggren
	Title	Evaluating the observation protocol of the Team Resilience Assessment Method for Simulation (TRAMS)			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2019
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Simulation games, training, Systemic Resilience Model, team resilience, assessment
	Abstract	This work in progress paper presents an initial evaluation of the observation protocol of the Team Resilience Assessment Method for Simulation (TRAMS) conducted in a crisis response simulation project. TRAMS is designed to assess the resilience of crisis response teams. The TRAMS observation protocol uses six core resilience functions from the Systemic Resilience Model as its theoretical foundation. Three independent observers used the protocol during a pilot study and six actual simulation games. Strategies relating to three out of six core resilience functions could be identified. The observations made were distributed similarly among the observers, indicating that the components of the TRAMS protocol are stable enough to continue developing the protocol. This study describes changes made to the protocol since the original design, and describes how the strategies relating to the six core resilience functions can be identified in the simulation games.
	Address	Linköping University, Sweden;Skövde University, Sweden
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Valencia, Spain	Editor	Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-84-09-10498-7	Medium
	Track	T2- Command and control studies	Expedition		Conference	16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1940
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	Author	André Sabino; Rui Nóbrega; Armanda Rodrigues; Nuno Correia
	Title	Life-saver: Flood emergency simulator			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2008	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2008
	Volume		Issue		Pages	724-733
	Keywords	Computer simulation; Data visualization; Human computer interaction; Information systems; Verification; Agent based simulation; Agent-based approach; Crisis response; Emergency plans; Emergency situation; GIS Integration; Simulation platform; Validation process; Emergency services
	Abstract	This paper proposes an agent-based simulation system for Dam Break Emergency Plan validation. The proposed system shows that integrating GIS data with an agent-based approach provides a successful simulation platform for the emergency plan validation process. Possible strategies to emergency plan modeling and representation are discussed, proposing a close relation with the actual workflow followed by the entities responsible for the plan's specification. The simulation model is mainly concerned with the location-based and location-motivated actions of the involved agents, describing the likely effects of a specific emergency situation response. The simulator architecture is further described, based on the correspondence between the representation of the plan, and the simulation model. This includes the involving characteristics of the simulation, the simulation engine, the description of the resulting data (for the later evaluation of the emergency plan) and a visualization and interaction component, enabling the dynamic introduction of changes in the scenario progression.
	Address	IMG (Interactive Multimedia Group), DI and CITI/FCT, New University of Lisbon, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Washington, DC	Editor	F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780615206974	Medium
	Track	Geographic Information Science	Expedition		Conference	5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	902
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	Author	André Simões; Armanda Rodrigues; Patricia Pires; Luis Sá
	Title	Evaluating emergency scenarios using historic data: Flood management			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2011	Publication	8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2011
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Artificial intelligence; Cellular automata; Computer simulation; Decision support systems; Flood control; Floods; Geographic information systems; Information systems; Risk management; Civil protection; Complex evaluations; Development process; Emergency management; Emergency scenario; Flood forecasting models; Flood management; Physical conditions; Risk perception
	Abstract	The evaluation of an emergency scenario is often based on the use of simulation models. The specificity of these models involves the need for a complex evaluation of the problem domain, including the physical conditions behind the considered threat. Based on emergency occurrences data, provided by the Portuguese National Civil Protection Authority, we are currently developing a methodology for evaluating a real situation, based on past occurrences. The aim is to develop a platform that will enable the evaluation of a risk scenario based on existing civil protection data. The methodology under development should enable the evaluation of different scenarios based on the collected available data. This will be achieved thanks to the facilitated configuration of several aspects, such as the geographical region and relevant properties of the considered threat. In this paper, we describe the methodology development process and the current state of the platform for risk evaluation.
	Address	CITI, FCT/UNL, Portugal; Autoridade Nacional de Protecção Civil, Portugal
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Lisbon	Editor	M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789724922478	Medium
	Track	Geographic Information Science	Expedition		Conference	8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	952
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	Author	Anja Van Der Hulst; Rudy Boonekamp; Marc Van Den Homberg
	Title	Field-testing a comprehensive approach simulation model			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2014	Publication	ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2014
	Volume		Issue		Pages	575-584
	Keywords	Information systems; Ca simulations; Comprehensive approach; Humanitarian crisis; Learning effects; Perceived realisms; Serious gaming; Simulation; Simulation model; Computer simulation
	Abstract	This paper describes the field tests of a simulation based game aiming at raising awareness and creating a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the comprehensive approach (CA). The setting of this game is that of a failed state where an UN intervention takes place after massive conflict that requires a CA to stabilize the situation. That is, the civil and military actors need to collaborate effectively, taking into account their respective strengths, mandates and roles. Underlying the game is the Go4it CA simulation Model (GCAM2.0). GCAM2.0 was extensively field-tested in eight sessions with about 16 persons each, aiming at assessment of the perceived realism and learning effects. It was found to provide a sufficiently authentic experience to obtain awareness of the CA in novices. With regard to improving the deeper understanding of the dynamics and complexity of the CA, in a cooperation-oriented setting only deeper learning can be reached.
	Address	TNO, Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	The Pennsylvania State University	Place of Publication	University Park, PA	Editor	S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih.
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780692211946	Medium
	Track	Serious Games for Crisis Management	Expedition		Conference	11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1040
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	Author	Anne Marie Barthe; Sébastien Truptil; Frédérick Bénaben
	Title	Towards a taxonomy of crisis management simulation tools			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2015
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	crisis management tool; simulation; taxonomy; test-bed
	Abstract	Experimentation is an essential element to improve crisis management and to assess crisis management tools. Unfortunately, for the moment, real crisis management experimentations are episodic and generally focus on a specific geographical and/or thematic area. This is why the European DRIVER project aims to provide a test-bed platform where crisis management testing and experimentation can be carried out with a mix of live and simulated actions. To achieve this goal, simulation tools have to be identified, described and classified in order to (i) help the user to select tools and models based on the experimentation requirements and (ii) to allow the DRIVER platform to insure exchange information between simulated actions and live actions. This paper focuses on the taxonomy used to classify simulation tools relevant for crisis management. This taxonomy is divided into three main categories of characteristics: (i) business (type/topic of the simulation), (ii) legal (terms of use), (iii) technical (integration within the DRIVER platform and/or other crisis management (simulation) tools).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	University of Agder (UiA)	Place of Publication	Kristiansand, Norway	Editor	L. Palen; M. Buscher; T. Comes; A. Hughes
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9788271177881	Medium
	Track	Decision Support Systems	Expedition		Conference	ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	1285
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	Author	Anying Chen; Guofeng Su; Manchun Liang
	Title	Simulation of Crowd Response During Emergency Considering People's Rational and Irrational Thinking			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2019
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Crowd response, simulation, emergency, herd effect.
	Abstract	Human beings have been facing numerous emergencies which could threaten their property or even their lives in all ages. In order to learn how people respond to the emergencies like earthquakes and fire disasters, a two-stage simulation considering people?s rational thinking and irrational thinking was conducted. Results show that people?s irrational thinking, like the herd effect, could exaggerate people?s behavior of conformity, and it changes the spatial features that stronger herd effect leads to higher cohesion level. It is also worth mentioning that crowd response of condition of smaller population is harder to predict because of its instability, and the response of the very first part of people who make decisions could make great changes to the whole crowd?s response. These results could give some enlightenment on the evacuation instruction during emergencies and future research works.
	Address	Tsinghua University, People's Republic of China
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Valencia, Spain	Editor	Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-84-09-10498-7	Medium
	Track	T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation	Expedition		Conference	16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1951
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	Author	Arthur H. Hendela; Xiang Yao; Murray Turoff; Starr Roxanne Hiltz; Michael J. Chumer
	Title	Virtual emergency preparedness gaming: A follow-up study			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2006
	Volume		Issue		Pages	450-459
	Keywords	Civil defense; Groupware; Information systems; Personnel training; Risk management; Emergency management; Emergency preparedness; Emergency workers; Flexible Learning; Follow-up Studies; Groupware systems; Planning process; Virtual simulations; Virtual reality
	Abstract	Planning processes, including simulations and games, can help emergency workers to prepare for the unexpected. Rehearsal using software based gaming techniques not only helps planning, but is also cost effective. Computer-based groupware systems can make experts available regardless of location. A new approach, Virtual Simulation (VS), uses networking to create a flexible learning and planning environment. To date two prototype trials of this approach have been implemented at NJIT with major revamps between each one. This paper gives the results of the latest prototype trial, a simulation of attacks on university computer centers. The insights from this second prototype trial of virtual simulation will help us to improve the design and approach for future offerings.
	Address	New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium	Place of Publication	Newark, NJ	Editor	B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9090206019; 9789090206011	Medium
	Track	COMMUNITIES IN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT	Expedition		Conference	3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	570
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	Author	B. Betting; E. Varea; B. Patte-Rouland
	Title	Smoke dynamics in compartment fires: large scale experiments and numerical simulations			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	879-889
	Keywords	Compartments fire, numerical simulations, FDS, smoke dynamics
	Abstract	Today, during compartments fire, the decision-making of the rescue teams is mainly based on human decisions, which are the results of gathered experiences. However, a perfect knowledge of the situation, its evolution over time and the dangers that may appear is impossible. The transition between a localized fire and a generalized fire can take several forms. One of the most important vectors in the propagation of combustion for compartment fires is smoke due to its high temperature and the large amounts of energy it contains. Despite its extreme danger, smoke remains important to study because it convey valuable information, especially on the appearance of thermal phenomena feared by firemen. To carry out this study, a large scale experimental cell is used. A burner fueled with propane produces hot fumes in a so-called “real fire” configuration. All the measurements carried out are compared with LES (Large Eddy Simulation) simulations of the experiment using FDS. The numerical component allows defining scenarios (fire fully developed, fire under ventilated ...), which are verified by the experiments. The dual competence numerical /experimental data is essential in this type of study since the experimental data suffer from a lack of resolution (spatial, temporal) but nevertheless represent information necessary for validating the codes.
	Address	Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, CORIA, 76000 Rouen, France
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	New Technologies for Crisis Management	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2073
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	Author	Benjamin Heuer; Jan Zibuschka; Heiko Roßnagel; Johannes Maucher
	Title	Empirical analysis of passenger trajectories within an urban transport hub			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2012	Publication	ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2012
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Algorithms; Information systems; Trajectories; Urban transportation; Central stations; Data mining algorithm; Empirical analysis; Empirical data; Passenger movements; Simulation framework; Urban transport; Data mining
	Abstract	In this contribution we present an analysis of passenger trajectories in an urban transportation hub. We collected an extensive amount of empirical data consisting of both gate and individual stalking observation in the central station of Cologne. Three different data mining algorithms are used to analyze this data, producing both data that may be used as input for simulation frameworks, and, as an aside, visualizations of passenger movements that could be of high interest to transport and emergency managers. Â© 2012 ISCRAM.
	Address	Hochschule der Medien (HdM), Germany; Fraunhofer IAO, Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Simon Fraser University	Place of Publication	Vancouver, BC	Editor	L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780864913326	Medium
	Track	Analytical Modelling and Simulation	Expedition		Conference	9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	129
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	Author	Björn Johan Erik Johansson; Joeri van Laere; Peter Berggren
	Title	Evaluating Team Resilience in Simulator-Based Crisis Management Training			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	914-923
	Keywords	Team resilience, assessment, simulation games, training, Systemic Resilience Model
	Abstract	Currently, there is a lack of assessment approaches for evaluation of resilient capabilities in simulation games. This paper presents work-in-progress to create such an instrument to be used in crisis management simulation games for the fuel, food, and finance sectors. The “Team Resilience Assessment Method for Simulation” (TRAMS) is based on the Systemic Resilience Model and departs from the assumption that resilient crisis management teams will be able to develop strategies for assuring that anticipation, monitoring, response, recovery, and learning are established and maintained in their respective organizations as well as in the crisis management team. A prototype version of the TRAMS, based on the experiences of representatives from the involved sectors and firmly related to resilience theory, is presented and discussed. The TRAMS instrument will be tested in 30 planned simulations games including participants from the fuel, food, and finance sectors.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Rochester Institute of Technology	Place of Publication	Rochester, NY (USA)	Editor	Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-0-692-12760-5	Medium
	Track	Designing for Resilience	Expedition		Conference	ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2163
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	Author	Bruce D. Campbell; Konrad E. Schroder; Chris E. Weaver
	Title	RimSim visualization : An interactive tool for post-event sense making of a first response effort			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2010
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Flow visualization; Information systems; Personnel training; Query processing; Software agents; Visualization; Agent-based behavior; Emergency response; First responders; Interactive tool; Sense making; Simulation; University of Washington; Visualization tools; Emergency services
	Abstract	Upon developing a software agent-based simulator for training roles in emergency response scenarios, the PARVAC team at the University of Washington has pursued building a tool for better investigative review and insight generation on the performance of an emergency response game session team. While our RimSim Response software included the opportunity to re-run a simulated team performance in order to review player and agent behavior, we did not provide our trainees the ability to visually query their performance outside of a sequential review of the emergency response effort. By integrating our RSR visualization components with an existing visual query software package called Improvise, we were able to construct highly-coordinated visualizations of our data model for the ability to apply a sense making approach in the investigation of live player and software agent-based behavior – both as individual players and as combinations of players working on tasks associated with an emergency response scenario. The resultant tool is now our primary visualization tool for discussing first responder team performance and supports the overall RSR objective of training teams to make the most effective, recognition-primed decisions when a real emergency crisis occurs in their community. This paper reviews our visualization tool and demonstrates its use.
	Address	Pacific Rim Regional Visualization and Analytics Center, Univ. of Washington, United States; Center for Spatial Analysis, University of Oklahoma, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Seattle, WA	Editor	S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Special Session: Assessing Crisis Management Operations and Exercises	Expedition		Conference	7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	363
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	Author	Bruna Diirr; Marcos R. S. Borges
	Title	Applying software engineering testing techniques to evaluate emergency plans			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2013	Publication	ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2013
	Volume		Issue		Pages	758-763
	Keywords	Information systems; Software testing; Testing; Complex environments; Emergency plans; Emergency preparedness; Mutation testing; Simulation exercise; Technical reviews; Test plan; Testing technique; Software engineering
	Abstract	An emergency plan is an important artifact used throughout emergencies. Therefore, it is crucial that this plan covers the different scenarios faced by emergency team and that the prescribed procedures generate the desired results. To achieve these goals, emergency plans need to be exhaustively tested prior to its adoption. Emergency teams usually use simulation to test plans, but it is an expensive approach, demanding the building of complex environments and tools to get realistic situations. To be ready to go through a simulation exercise, a plan should not have many or critical mistakes, otherwise the simulation exercise would be wasted. We present a paired approach to evaluate emergency plans before simulation exercises, by applying software engineering testing techniques: Formal technical review (FTR) and mutation testing. The expected result is a plan more ready to go through simulation, as many of the mistakes are eliminated prior to simulation.
	Address	Graduate Program in Informatics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie	Place of Publication	KIT; Baden-Baden	Editor	T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9783923704804	Medium
	Track	Planning and Foresight	Expedition		Conference	10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	448
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	Author	Carole Adam; Eric Andonoff
	Title	Vigi Flood: a serious game for understanding the challenges of crisis communication			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2019
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Flash floods, crisis communication, trust, agent-based modelling and simulation, serious game
	Abstract	Emergency managers receive communication training about the importance of being ?first, right and credible?, which is not easy. For instance, in October 2018, the Aude department in the South-West of France was hit by intense rain. Flash floods were hard to forecast and only the ?orange? level of vigilance could be raised initially, but the population dismissed this very usual warning in that season. The ?red? level was then raised too late, leading to high criticism. The main problem here is the loss of trust induced by too many ?false alarms?. In this paper we propose a serious game called VigiFlood for raising awareness in the population about the difficulty of crisis communication and their own responsibility for reacting to the alerts. The implemented game still has limited functionality but already shows interesting results in helping the user to visualise and understand the trust dynamics
	Address	University Grenoble-Alpes, France;University Toulouse-Capitole, France
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Valencia, Spain	Editor	Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-84-09-10498-7	Medium
	Track	T5- Intelligent and Semantic Web Systems	Expedition		Conference	16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1917
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