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Author |
Amirah M. Majid; Emma S. Spiro |
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Title |
Crisis in a Foreign Language: Emergency Services and Limited English Populations |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Limited English Proficiency Populations; Policy; Social Media; Social Practices |
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Abstract |
Social media are increasingly used by emergency responders as part of the communication infrastructure during crisis. As such, it is important to understand how these new technologies offer opportunities and barriers to information access for population affected during crisis events. In particular, this project explores the extent to which Twitter is used to provide emergency-related information to vulnerable populations both during routine and crisis contexts. We look longitudinally, across four years, at the online information and communication behaviors of official emergency responders in the United States. Our results demonstrate a notable lack of cross-language crisis communication on social media. We discuss the practical implications of these results, and offer directions for future work and improvement of practices. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
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English |
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ISSN |
2411-3423 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-44 |
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Track |
Ethical, Legal and Social Issues |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1363 |
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Author |
Jennings Anderson; Marina Kogan; Melissa Bica; Leysia Palen; Kenneth Anderson; Rebecca Morss; Julie Demuth; Heather Lazrus; Olga Wilhelmi |
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Title |
Far Far Away in Far Rockaway: Responses to Risks and Impacts during Hurricane Sandy through First-Person Social Media Narratives |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Crisis Informatics; Hurricane Sandy; Protective Decision Making; Risk Perception; Social Media; Twitter |
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Abstract |
When Hurricane Sandy swept over the US eastern seaboard in October 2012, it was the most tweeted about event at the time. However, some of the most affected areas were underrepresented in the social media conversation about Sandy. Here, we examine the hurricane-related experiences and behaviors shared on Twitter by residents of Far Rockaway, a New York City neighborhood that is geographically and socioeconomically vulnerable to disasters, which was significantly affected by the storm. By carefully filtering the vast Twitter data, we focus on 41 Far Rockaway residents who offer rich personal accounts of their experience with Sandy. Analyzing their first-person narratives, we see risk perception and protective decision-making behavior in their data. We also find themes of invisibility and neglect when residents expressed feeling abandoned by the media, the city government, and the overall relief efforts in the aftermath of Sandy. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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English |
Summary Language |
English |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
1388 |
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Author |
Apoorva Chauhan; Amanda Lee Hughes |
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Title |
Online Mentioning Behavior during Hurricane Sandy: References, Recommendations, and Rebroadcasts |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Crisis Informatics; Social Media; Emergency Management |
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Abstract |
Large-scale crisis events require coordination between the many responding stakeholders to provide timely, relevant, and accurate information to the affected public. In this paper, we examine how social media can support these coordinated public information efforts. This research considers how emergency responders mentioned different organizations, institutions, and individuals by examining the social media communications of police and fire departments during Hurricane Sandy. We find that these departments use mentions to reference other sources of information, recommend credible information and sources, and rebroadcast information. These mentions offer insight into how emergency responders fit within a broader crisis information network and the types of entities that responders trust and recommend to provide information to the public. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1390 |
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Author |
Elodie Fichet; John Robinson; Dharma Dailey; Kate Starbird |
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Title |
Eyes on the Ground: Emerging Practices in Periscope Use during Crisis Events |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Social Media; Periscope; Twitter; Crisis Informatics; Emergency Management |
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Abstract |
This empirical analysis examines the use of the live-streaming application Periscope in three crises that occurred in 2015. Qualitative analyses of tweets relating to the Amtrak derailment in Philadelphia, Baltimore protests after Freddie Grey?s death, and Hurricane Joaquin flooding in South Carolina reveal that this recently deployed application is being used by both citizens and journalists for information sharing, crisis coverage and commentary. The accessibility and immediacy of live video directly from crisis situations, and the embedded chats which overlay on top of a video feed, extend the possibilities of real-time interaction between remote crowds and those on the ground in a crisis. These empirical findings suggest several potential challenges and opportunities for responders. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
1391 |
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Author |
Yuhong Li; Christopher Zobel |
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Title |
Small Businesses and Social Media Usage in the 2013 Colorado Floods |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Social Media; Small Business; Recovery; Disaster |
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Abstract |
The recovery of small businesses from a disaster is critical to community recovery. Such businesses can be extremely vulnerable to disasters, particularly because they often occupy a single location and have a localized customer base. Although social media is an effective platform for information dissemination, and has been extensively used in a disaster context, the way in which small businesses use social media in this context, and the effectiveness of those efforts, are still not well understood. With this in mind, this paper uses the 2013 floods along the Front Range in Colorado as a case study to help improve our understanding of how small businesses use social media in disaster situations. Characterizing the organizations' behavior involves using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, and the paper focuses on an initial qualitative analysis. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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Series Volume |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1392 |
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Author |
Muhammad Imran; Prasenjit Mitra; Jaideep Srivastava |
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Title |
Cross-Language Domain Adaptation for Classifying Crisis-Related Short Messages |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Social Media; Tweets Classification; Domain Adaptation |
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Abstract |
Rapid crisis response requires real-time analysis of messages. After a disaster happens, volunteers attempt to classify tweets to determine needs, e.g., supplies, infrastructure damage, etc. Given labeled data, supervised machine learning can help classify these messages. Scarcity of labeled data causes poor performance in machine training. Can we reuse old tweets to train classifiers? How can we choose labeled tweets for training? Specifically, we study the usefulness of labeled data of past events. Do labeled tweets in different language help? We observe the performance of our classifiers trained using different combinations of training sets obtained from past disasters. We perform extensive experimentation on real crisis datasets and show that the past labels are useful when both source and target events are of the same type (e.g. both earthquakes). For similar languages (e.g., Italian and Spanish), cross-language domain adaptation was useful, however, when for different languages (e.g., Italian and English), the performance decreased. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1396 |
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Author |
Emma Potter |
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Title |
Balancing conflicting operational and communications priorities: social media use in an emergency management organization |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Issue |
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Keywords |
Emergency Management; Social Media; Internal Communication; Disasters; Ethnography |
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Abstract |
Social media are now widely used by affected members of the public during an emergency. As these platforms have become mainstream, governments have responded to the public?s expectation that information is available online, particularly during disasters. Emergency management organizations (EMOs) now widely use social media to communicate with the public alongside occasional intelligence gathering. While EMOs increasingly use social media, breakdowns in internal communication can inhibit the dissemination of timely information to their online followers. Drawing on a two-year ethnography at the Queensland Fire and Emergency Services (QFES), an Australian EMO, this paper outlines how the organization uses social media to disseminate information during emergencies and identifies the internal tensions around its use. These tensions include the prioritization of operational duties over public information responsibilities, and the difficulties around requesting and receiving information from operational personnel located on the ground. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1398 |
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Author |
Louis Ngamassi; Thiagarajan Ramakrishnan; Shahedur Rahman |
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Title |
Examining the Role of Social Media in Disaster Management from an Attribution Theory Perspective |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Attribution Theory; Social Media; Disaster Management; Disaster Management Phases |
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Abstract |
This paper is related to the use of social media for disaster management by humanitarian organizations. The past decade has seen a significant increase in the use of social media to manage humanitarian disasters. It seems, however, that it has still not been used to its full potential. In this paper, we examine the use of social media in disaster management through the lens of Attribution Theory. Attribution Theory posits that people look for the causes of events, especially unexpected and negative events. The two major characteristics of disasters are that they are unexpected and have negative outcomes/impacts. Thus, Attribution Theory may be a good fit for explaining social media adoption patterns by emergency managers. We propose a model, based on Attribution Theory, which is designed to understand the use of social media during the mitigation and preparedness phases of disaster management. We also discuss the theoretical contributions and some practical implications. This study is still in its nascent stage and is research in progress. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1399 |
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Author |
Briony Jennifer Gray |
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Title |
Social Media and Disasters: A New Conceptual Framework |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Social Media; Conceptual Framework; Disaster Management; Web Accessibility; Information Reliability |
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Abstract |
Conceptual frameworks which seek to integrate social media uses into disaster management strategies are employed in a range of events. With continued variations to social media practices, developments in technology, and changes in online behaviors, it is imperative to provide conceptual frameworks which are relevant, current and insightful. This paper conceptualizes a range of recent literature through an inductive methodology, and presents the themes of Web accessibility and online information reliability as broad and emerging considerations for the identification of social media uses during disasters. It presents a new conceptual framework of current social media uses which may be used to supplement existing frameworks. The framework has been applied to a dataset of Tweets from the 2015 Nepal earthquake to demonstrate its validity. Suggestions for future applications are discussed. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1400 |
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Author |
Daniel Link; Bernd Hellingrath; Jie Ling |
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Title |
A Human-is-the-Loop Approach for Semi-Automated Content Moderation |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Disaster Management; Social Media Analysis; Human-Is-The-Loop; Content Moderation; Supervised Machine Learning |
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Abstract |
Online social media has been recognized as a valuable information source for disaster management whose volume, velocity and variety exceed manual processing capacity. Current machine learning systems that support the processing of such data generally follow a human-in-the-loop approach, which has several inherent limitations. This work applies the human-is-the-loop concept from visual analytics to semi-automate a manual content moderation workflow, wherein human moderators take the dominant role. The workflow is instantiated with a supervised machine learning system that supports moderators with suggestions regarding the relevance and categorization of content. The instantiated workflow has been evaluated using in-depth interviews with practitioners and serious games. which suggest that it offers good compatibility with work practices in humanitarian assessment as well as improved moderation quality and higher flexibility than common approaches. |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1401 |
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Author |
Arjen Schmidt; Jeroen Wolbers; Kees Boersma; Julie Ferguson; Peter Groenwegen |
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Title |
Are you Ready2Help? Dilemmas in organizing citizen response to disaster |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Citizen Response; Social Media; Net-Centric Coordination; Command And Control |
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Abstract |
Over the last decade, the disaster response landscape is increasingly complemented by voluntary citizen initiatives on digital platforms. These developments have opened up opportunities for response agencies and NGOs to organize local community involvement. In this paper we focus on the question how citizen involvement can be proactively organized toward disaster relief and what kind of dilemmas may arise in this process. We studied Ready2Help, an online platform developed by the Dutch Red Cross. Bringing together 36.000 volunteers, the platform plays a significant role in addressing the current refugee crisis. In our analysis we demonstrate the platform?s potential, but also note a tension between control and cooperation. Our results indicate that, in contrast to their initial objective, during the crisis the Red Cross falls back on principles of control to organize citizen response efforts. We end by discussing our future research agenda aimed at bridging formal and emergent citizen responses. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
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Track |
Community Engagement and Practitioner Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
1411 |
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Author |
Nicolas LaLone; Andrea Tapia |
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Title |
Three Lessons from Aurorasaurus about Public Facing Information System Design |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
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Keywords |
Early Warning System; Information System Design; Citizen Science; Social Media; Agency |
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Abstract |
Response-focused information systems have the same data processing needs as citizen science initiatives. We present three lessons learned over a three-year period with a public facing information system devoted to early warning and event detection that will benefit designers of similar systems. First, we urge those creating information systems inside of crisis response to look for proxy events that will serve as an inexpensive means through which to pursue proof-of-concept or to explore pre-existing fully tested products. Second, we urge information system designers to engage the communities and gatekeepers of enthusiast communities surrounding the event that information system is meant to serve. It will not only help development, but also increase the chances of that system?s success. Finally, aiming for self-interest rather than event-interest will allow users to feel involved; ultimately aiding participation and retention. |
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Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
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Track |
Human Centered Design and Evaluation |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1412 |
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Author |
Louis Ngamassi; Thiagarajan Ramakrishnan; Shahedur Rahman |
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Title |
Investigating the Use of Social Media by Underserved Communities for Disaster Management |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
490-496 |
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Keywords |
Situational Theory of Problem Solving, Communicative Actions in Problem Solving, Social Media Use, Disaster Management, Underserved Communities. |
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Abstract |
Social media is emerging as a communication tool for successfully managing disasters. However, studies have shown that not all individuals are equally predisposed towards effectively using social media for disaster management. There still exists a big digital divide when it comes to using social media for disaster management. Drawing on situational theory of problem solving, we develop a conceptual model that examines the motivating factors for the underserved communities to use social media for disaster management. We further develop and cross-validate a questionnaire instrument to acilitate empirical research. We thus offer an empirical context for motivating individuals from underserved communities to use social media effectively during disasters. |
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Address |
Prairie View A Prairie View A&M University&M University; Prairie View A&M University |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-46 |
ISBN |
2411-3432 |
Medium |
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Track |
Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
longamassi@pvamu.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2247 |
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Author |
Valerio Lorini; Javier Rando; Diego Saez-Trumper; Carlos Castillo |
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Title |
Uneven Coverage of Natural Disasters in Wikipedia: The Case of Floods |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
688-703 |
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Keywords |
Social Media, News Values, Wikipedia, Natural Disasters, Floods. |
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Abstract |
The usage of non-authoritative data for disaster management provides timely information that might not be available through other means. Wikipedia, a collaboratively-produced encyclopedia, includes in-depth information about many natural disasters, and its editors are particularly good at adding information in real-time as a crisis unfolds. In this study, we focus on the most comprehensive version of Wikipedia, the English one. Wikipedia offers good coverage of disasters, particularly those having a large number of fatalities. However, by performing automatic content analysis at a global scale, we also show how the coverage of floods in Wikipedia is skewed towards rich, English-speaking countries, in particular the US and Canada. We also note how coverage of floods in countries with the lowest income is substantially lower than the coverage of floods in middle-income countries. These results have implications for analysts and systems using Wikipedia as an information source about disasters. |
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Address |
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Wikimedia Foundation; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-63 |
ISBN |
2411-3449 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
valerio.lorini@ec.europa.eu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2264 |
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Author |
Hannah Van Wyk; Kate Starbird |
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Title |
Analyzing Social Media Data to Understand How Disaster-Affected Individuals Adapt to Disaster-Related Telecommunications Disruptions |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
704-717 |
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Keywords |
Telecommunications, Adaptations, Social Media, Cellular Phone Service, Wi-Fi Access. |
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Abstract |
Information is a critical need during disasters such as hurricanes. Increasingly, people are relying upon cellular and internet-based technology to communicate that information--modalities that are acutely vulnerable to the disruptions to telecommunication infrastructure that are common during disasters. Focusing on Hurricane Maria (2017) and its long-term impacts on Puerto Rico, this research examines how people affected by severe and sustained disruptions to telecommunications services adapt to those disruptions. Leveraging social media trace data as a window into the real-time activities of people who were actively adapting, we use a primarily qualitative approach to identify and characterize how people changed their telecommunications practices and routines--and especially how they changed their locations--to access Wi-Fi and cellular service in the weeks and months after the hurricane. These findings have implications for researchers seeking to better understand human responses to disasters and responders seeking to identify strategies to support affected populations. |
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Address |
University of Washington; University of Washington |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-64 |
ISBN |
2411-3450 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
hcvw@uw.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2265 |
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Author |
James A. Reep; Andrea Tapia |
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Title |
Toward an Organizational Technology Adoption Process (OTAP) for Social Media Integration in a PSAP |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
718-729 |
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Keywords |
Crisis informatics, Organizational Change, Technology Adoption, Social Media, OTAP |
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Abstract |
Integration of social media in emergency response environments presents specific organizational challenges, such as lack of resources or information credibility. Additionally, there exists individual resistance to change in these environments that could potentially discourage adoption. To identify and understand these challenges, we conducted semi-structured group interviews with emergency call takers and dispatchers. We find that these PSAP operators desire participation and explanation of changes throughout the organizational change process. Participants also articulated they desired training regarding change even when not directly affected. Though change management procedures often call for these strategies, they are commonly overlooked, leaving individuals to imagine worse case scenarios that manifest as additional stress in an already stressful work environment. It is suggested that a formalized change management process which directly addresses the identified challenges within the organizational technology adoption process (OTAP) is needed in order to mitigate undue stress. |
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Address |
The Pennsylvania State University; The Pennsylvania State University |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-65 |
ISBN |
2411-3451 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
jar5757@psu.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2266 |
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Author |
Lise Ann St. Denis; Amanda Lee Hughes; Jeremy Diaz; Kylen Solvik; Maxwell B. Joseph; Jennifer K. Balch |
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Title |
'What I Need to Know is What I Don't Know!': Filtering Disaster Twitter Data for Information from Local Individuals |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
730-743 |
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Keywords |
Crisis Informatics, Social Media, Emergency Management, Situational Awareness. |
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Abstract |
We report on the design, development, and evaluation of a user labeling framework for social media monitoring by emergency responders. By labeling Twitter user accounts based on behavior and content, this novel approach identifies tweets from accounts belonging to Individuals generating Personalized content and captures information that might otherwise be missed. We evaluate the framework using training data from the 2018 Camp, Woolsey, and Hill fires. Approximately 30% of the Individual-Personalized tweets contain first-hand information, providing a rich stream of content for social media monitoring. Because it can quickly eliminate most redundant tweets, this framework could be a critical first step in an end-to-end information extraction pipeline. It may also generalize more easily for new disaster events since it relies on general user account attributes rather than tweet content. We conclude with next steps for refining and evaluating our framework in near real-time during a disaster response. |
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Address |
CIRES, Earth Lab, University of Colorado, Boulder; Crisis Informatics Lab Brigham Young University; Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, Department of Geography, Penn State University; CIRES, Earth Lab, Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder; CIRES, Earth Lab, University of Colorado, Boulder; CIRES, Earth Lab, Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-66 |
ISBN |
2411-3452 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
Lise.St.Denis@Colorado.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2267 |
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Author |
Muhammad Imran; Firoj Alam; Umair Qazi; Steve Peterson; Ferda Ofli |
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Title |
Rapid Damage Assessment Using Social Media Images by Combining Human and Machine Intelligence |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
761-773 |
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Keywords |
Social Media, Damage Assessment, Artificial Intelligence, Image Processing. |
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Abstract |
Rapid damage assessment is one of the core tasks that response organizations perform at the onset of a disaster to understand the scale of damage to infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and buildings. This work analyzes the usefulness of social media imagery content to perform rapid damage assessment during a real-world disaster. An automatic image processing system, which was activated in collaboration with a volunteer response organization, processed ~280K images to understand the extent of damage caused by the disaster. The system achieved an accuracy of 76% computed based on the feedback received from the domain experts who analyzed ~29K system-processed images during the disaster. An extensive error analysis reveals several insights and challenges faced by the system, which are vital for the research community to advance this line of research. |
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Address |
Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha, Qatar; Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha, Qatar; Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha, Qatar; Montgomery County, Maryland Community Emergency Response Team United States; Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha, Qatar |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-68 |
ISBN |
2411-3454 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
mimran@hbku.edu.qa |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2269 |
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Author |
Sandrine Bubendorff; Caroline Rizza |
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Title |
The Wikipedia Contribution to Social Resilience During Terrorist Attacks |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
790-801 |
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Keywords |
Wikipedia, Resilience Process, Terrorist Attacks, Social Media. |
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Abstract |
This paper aims at studying the role of Wikipedia in social resilience processes during terrorist attacks. It discusses how Wikipedia users' specific skills are mobilized in order to make sense of the event as it unfolds. We have conducted an ethnographic analysis of several Wikipedia's terrorist attacks pages as well as interviews with regular Wikipedia's contributors. We document how Wikipedia is used during crisis by readers and contributors. Doing so, we identify a specific pace of contributions which provides reliable information to readers. By discussing the conditions of their trustworthiness, we highlight how historical sources (i.e. traditional media and authorities) support this pace. Our analyses demonstrate that citizens are engaging very quickly in processes of resilience and should be, therefore, considered as relevant partners by authorities when engaging a response to the crisis. |
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Address |
i3-SES, Telecom Paris, IP Paris, CNRS; i3-SES, Telecom Paris, IP Paris, CNRS |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-70 |
ISBN |
2411-3456 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
sandrine.bubendorff@telecom-paristech.fr |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2271 |
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Author |
Ferda Ofli; Firoj Alam; Muhammad Imran |
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Title |
Analysis of Social Media Data using Multimodal Deep Learning for Disaster Response |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
802-811 |
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Keywords |
Multimodal Deep Learning, Multimedia Content, Natural Disasters, Crisis Computing, Social Media. |
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Abstract |
Multimedia content in social media platforms provides significant information during disaster events. The types of information shared include reports of injured or deceased people, infrastructure damage, and missing or found people, among others. Although many studies have shown the usefulness of both text and image content for disaster response purposes, the research has been mostly focused on analyzing only the text modality in the past. In this paper, we propose to use both text and image modalities of social media data to learn a joint representation using state-of-the-art deep learning techniques. Specifically, we utilize convolutional neural networks to define a multimodal deep learning architecture with a modality-agnostic shared representation. Extensive experiments on real-world disaster datasets show that the proposed multimodal architecture yields better performance than models trained using a single modality (e.g., either text or image). |
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Address |
Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha, Qatar; Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha, Qatar; Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha, Qatar |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-71 |
ISBN |
2411-3457 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
fofli@hbku.edu.qa |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2272 |
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Author |
Kamol Roy; MD Ashraf Ahmed; Samiul Hasan; Arif Mohaimin Sadri, P.D. |
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Title |
Dynamics of Crisis Communications in Social Media: Spatio-temporal and Text-based Comparative Analyses of Twitter Data from Hurricanes Irma and Michael |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
812-824 |
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Keywords |
Social Media, Dynamic Topic Modeling, Irma, Michael, Disaster Management. |
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Abstract |
Social media platforms play critical roles in information dissemination, communication and co-ordination during different phases of natural disasters as it is crucial to know the type of crisis information being disseminated and user concerns. Large-scale Twitter data from hurricanes Irma (Sept. 2017) and Michael (Oct. 2018) are used here to understand the topic dynamics over time by applying the Dynamic Topic Model, followed by a comparative analyses of the differences in such dynamics for these two hurricane scenarios. We performed a spatio-temporal analyses of user activities with reference to the hurricane center location and wind speed. The findings of spatio-temporal analyses show that differences in hurricane path and the affected regions influence user participation and social media activity. Besides, topic dynamics reveals that situational awareness, disruptions, relief action are among the patterns common for both hurricanes; unlike topics such as hurricane evacuation and political situation that are scenario dependent. |
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Address |
Department of CECE University of Central Florida; Department of CECE University of Central Florida; Department of CECE University of Central Florida; Department of MDCM Florida International University |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-72 |
ISBN |
2411-3458 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
roy.kamol@knights.ucf.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2273 |
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Author |
Anna Kruspe |
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Title |
Detecting Novelty in Social Media Messages During Emerging Crisis Events |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
860-871 |
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Keywords |
Social media; Clustering; Novelty; Embeddings |
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Abstract |
Social media can be a highly valuable source of information during disasters. A crisis' development over time is of particular interest here, as social media messages can convey unfolding events in near-real time. Previous approaches for the automatic detection of information in such messages have focused on a static analysis, not taking temporal changes and already-known information into account. In this paper, we present a novel method for detecting new topics in incoming Twitter messages (tweets) conditional upon previously found related tweets. We do this by first extracting latent representations of each tweet using pre-trained sentence embedding models. Then, Infinite Mixture modeling is used to dynamically cluster these embeddings anew with each incoming tweet. Once a cluster reaches a minimum number of members, it is considered to be a new topic. We validate our approach on the TREC Incident Streams 2019A data set. |
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Address |
German Aerospace Center (DLR), Jena, Germany |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-76 |
ISBN |
2411-3462 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
anna.kruspe@dlr.de |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2277 |
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Author |
Marion Lara Tan; Sara Harrison; Julia S. Becker; Emma E.H. Doyle; Raj Prasanna |
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Title |
Research Themes on Warnings in Information Systems Crisis Management Literature |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1085-1099 |
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Keywords |
Early Warnings Systems, Literature Review, Ethics, Social Media. |
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Abstract |
Early Warning Systems (EWS) are crucial to mitigating and reducing disaster impacts. Furthermore, technology and information systems (IS) are key to the success of EWSs. This systematic literature review investigates the research topics and themes from the past six years of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) conference proceedings and seeks to identify the research developments and directions for EWSs to steer a discourse to advance the research in this field. Findings from a sample size of 60 papers show that there are technical, social, and topical considerations to using and advancing technology for EWSs. While technology has advanced EWSs to new levels, it is important to consider the influence of technology in the successful operation of EWSs. The results are based on the ISCRAM proceedings literature and may be broader or have different prioritization if a wider disciplinary body of literature was explored. This will be considered in the future. |
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Address |
Massey University; Massey University; Massey University; Massey University; Massey University |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-98 |
ISBN |
2411-3484 |
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Track |
Visions for Future Crisis Management |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
M.L.Tan@massey.ac.nz |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2299 |
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Author |
Nada Matta; Thomas Godard; Guillaume Delatour; Ludovic Blay; Franck Pouzet; Audrey Senator |
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Title |
Analyzing Social Media in Crisis Management Using Expertise Feedback Modelling |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2021 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
17-27 |
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Keywords |
Social Media analysis, TextMining, sentiment analysis, crisis management, decision making |
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Abstract |
Currently social media are largely used in interactions, especially in crisis situations. We note a big volume of interactions around events. Observing these interactions give information even to alert the existence of an incident, event, or to understand the expansion of a problem. Crisis management actors observe social media to be aware about this type of information in order to consider them in their decisions. Specific organizations are founded in order to observe social media interactions and send their analysis to rescue and crisis management actors. In our work, an experience feedback of this type of organizations (VISOV, a crisis social media analysis association) is capitalized in order to emphasize from one side, main dimensions of this analysis and from another side, to simulate some aspects using TextMining that help to explore big volume of data. |
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Address |
University of Technology of Troyes; University of Technology of Troyes; University of Technology of Troyes; VISOV; CS Group; ENSOSP |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-61-5 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Track |
AI and Intelligent Systems for Crises and Risks |
Expedition |
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Conference |
18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
nada.matta@utt.fr |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2309 |
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Author |
Shangde Gao; Yan Wang; Lisa Platt |
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Title |
Modeling U.S. Health Agencies' Message Dissemination on Twitter and Users' Exposure to Vaccine-related Misinformation Using System Dynamics |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2021 |
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Pages |
333-344 |
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Keywords |
COVID-19, misinformation, social media, System Dynamics, vaccine hesitancy |
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Abstract |
This research intends to answer: how do (i) generation frequency and (ii) retweeting count of health agencies' messages impact the exposure of the general users to vaccine-related misinformation on Twitter? We creatively employed a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) System Dynamics paradigm to model interactions between message dissemination of 168 U.S. health agencies and proportions of users who are at different exposure statuses to misinformation, namely “Susceptible”, “Infected”, or “Recovered” status. The SIR model was built based on the vaccine-relevant tweets posted over November and December in 2020. Our preliminary outcomes suggest that augmenting the generation frequency of agencies' messages and increasing retweeting count can effectively moderate the exposure risk to vaccine-related misinformation. This model illustrates how health agencies may combat vaccine hesitancy through credible information dissemination on social media. It offers a novel approach for crisis informatics studies to model different information categories and the impacted population in the complex digital world. |
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Address |
University of Florida; University of Florida; University of Florida |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-61-5 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Track |
Disaster Public Health & Healthcare Informatics in the Pandemic |
Expedition |
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Conference |
18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
gao.shangde@ufl.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2337 |
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