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Author (down) Zeno Franco; José J. González; José H. Canós pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Type Conference Volume
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages 1447  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The theme of ISCRAM 2019 is Towards individual-centric emergency management

systems. This edition wishes to highlight the particular needs of the individual

stakeholder in Crisis and Emergency Management and to stimulate discussions that

enable the design of individual-centric crisis and emergency management systems.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track Proceeding Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2201  
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Author (down) Yuya Shibuya; Hideyuki Tanaka pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Detecting Disaster Recovery Activities via Social Media Communication Topics Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Social Media, Topic modeling, Socio-economic recovery, Used-car demand, Housing demand.  
  Abstract Enhancing situational awareness by mining social media has been widely studied, but little work has been done

focusing on recovery phases. To provide evidence to support the possibility of harnessing social media as a sensor

of recovery activities, we examine the correlations between topic frequencies on Twitter and people?s socioeconomic

recovery activities as reflected in the excess demand for used cars and housing, after the Great East

Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011. Our research suggests that people in the disaster-stricken area

communicated more about recovery and disaster damages when they needed to purchase used cars, while the nonlocal

population communicated more about going to and supporting the disaster-stricken area. On the other hand,

regarding the excess demand for housing, when the local population of the disaster-stricken area started to resettle,

they communicated their opinions more than in other periods about disaster-related situations.
 
  Address The University of Tokyo, Japan  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1889  
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Author (down) Yingjie Li; Seoyeon Park; Cornelia Caragea; Doina Caragea; Andrea Tapia pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Sympathy Detection in Disaster Twitter Data Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Word Embedding, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Sympathy Tweets Detection  
  Abstract Nowadays, micro-blogging sites such as Twitter have become powerful tools for communicating with others in

various situations. Especially in disaster events, these sites can be the best platforms for seeking or providing social

support, of which informational support and emotional support are the most important types. Sympathy, a sub-type

of emotional support, is an expression of one?s compassion or sorrow for a difficult situation that another person

is facing. Providing sympathy to people affected by a disaster can help change people?s emotional states from

negative to positive emotions, and hence, help them feel better. Moreover, detecting sympathy contents in Twitter

can potentially be used for finding candidate donors since the emotion ?sympathy? is closely related to people who

may be willing to donate. Thus, in this paper, as a starting point, we focus on detecting sympathy-related tweets.

We address this task using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with refined word embeddings. Specifically, we

propose a refined word embedding technique in terms of various pre-trained word vector models and show great

performance of CNNs that use these refined embeddings in the sympathy tweet classification task. We also report

experimental results showing that the CNNs with the refined word embeddings outperform not only traditional

machine learning techniques, such as Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines and AdaBoost with conventional

feature sets as bags of words, but also Long Short-Term Memory Networks.
 
  Address University of Illinois at Chicago, United States of America;Kansas State University, United States of America;Pennsylvania State University, United States of America  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1899  
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Author (down) Xukun Li; Doina Caragea; Cornelia Caragea; Muhammad Imran; Ferda Ofli pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Identifying Disaster Damage Images Using a Domain Adaptation Approach Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords image classification, disaster damage, domain adaptation, domain adversarial neural networks.  
  Abstract Approaches for effectively filtering useful situational awareness information posted by eyewitnesses of disasters,

in real time, are greatly needed. While many studies have focused on filtering textual information, the research

on filtering disaster images is more limited. In particular, there are no studies on the applicability of domain

adaptation to filter images from an emergent target disaster, when no labeled data is available for the target disaster.

To fill in this gap, we propose to apply a domain adaptation approach, called domain adversarial neural networks

(DANN), to the task of identifying images that show damage. The DANN approach has VGG-19 as its backbone,

and uses the adversarial training to find a transformation that makes the source and target data indistinguishable.

Experimental results on several pairs of disasters suggest that the DANN model generally gives similar or better

results as compared to the VGG-19 model fine-tuned on the source labeled data.
 
  Address Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, United States of America;Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States of America;Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1853  
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Author (down) Xiujuan Zhao; Jianguo Chen; Peng Du; Wei Xu; Ran Liu; Hongyong Yuan pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Location-allocation model for earthquake shelter solved using MPSO algorithm Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Earthquake shelter location-allocation, evacuation time minimization, objective, MPSO  
  Abstract Constructing shelters in suitable quantities, with adequate capacities and at the right locations is essential for evacuees under earthquake disasters. As one of the disaster management methods, constructing shelters can help to significantly reduce disruption and devastation to affected population. Mathematical models have been used to solve this problem allied with a heuristic optimization algorithm. The optimization of evacuation efficiency, as one of the most important objectives, has many expressive forms, such as minimizing evacuation distance and evacuation time. This paper proposes a new model that aims to minimize evacuation time with a new calculation method and to maximize total evacuees? comfort level. The modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) algorithm is employed to solve the model and the result is compared with a model that calculated evacuation time differently and a model without distance constraint, respectively.  
  Address Tsinghua University, China, People's Republic of;Beijing Global Safety Technology Co., Ltd, China, People's Republic of;Beijng Normal University, China, People's Republic of  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1927  
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Author (down) Xiaodan Yu; Deepak Khazanchi pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title The Influence of Swift Trust on Virtual Team's Sensemaking in Crisis: A Research Model Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Virtual teams, crisis, sensemaking theory, swift trust, team performance.  
  Abstract Virtual teams are an important form of collaboration, especially in the context of transboundary crises. Achieving

team effectiveness through good sensemaking is key to virtual teams? success in responding to crisis. However,

there is still a lack of understanding about the relationship of this sensemaking in a virtual team during crisis to

the virtual team?s development of swift trust. Adapting from a model of sensemaking, in this paper, we propose a

research model to describe the relationships among swift trust, sensemaking and virtual team performance in the

context of virtual teams during crisis.
 
  Address University of Nebraska Omaha, USA;Center for Integrated Emergency management (CIEM), University of Agder, Norway;University of International Business & Economics, Beijing, China  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T15- Open Track Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1903  
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Author (down) Victor A. Bañuls Silvera; Rafael Cantueso Burguillos; Fernando Tejedor Panchón; Miguel Ramírez de la Huerga; Murray Turoff pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title A Delphi approach for the establishment of the fundamental principles of an Organizational Security System in Public Administration Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Delphi, Public Administration, Intentional Risks, Homeland Security, Resilience.  
  Abstract The aim of this work is defining fundamental principles of an Internal Security System in the presence of intentional risks in Public Administration. The relevance of this object of study has increased even more with the emergence of new terrorist groups and the proliferation of organized crime, which have been categorized as a maximum threat to Security by the government. This context has led to new regulations and legislation on Security matters at the national and international level to protect assets, people and the activity of the Administration itself. Despite the large number of regulations and relevance of this topic, there is not any study which defines in a comprehensive manner the requirements that a security system must have in the presence of intentional risks in Public Administration. The results of this work are intended to be a reference for the Public Administration, for the prevention and reaction to damage to people, property, and operation, intentionally caused by external agents, personnel themselves or users. These principles have been applied and validated through a Delphi process in the Administration of the Regional Government of Andalusia in which more than 40 security-related managers have participated.  
  Address Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain;Junta de Andalucía, Spain;MSIG Smart Management, Spain;New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T7- Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1938  
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Author (down) Valerio Lorini; Carlos Castillo; Francesco Dottori; Milan Kalas; Domenico Nappo; Peter Salamon pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Integrating Social Media into a Pan-European Flood Awareness System: A Multilingual Approach Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Social Media, Disaster Risk Management, Flood Risk  
  Abstract This paper describes a prototype system that integrates social media analysis into the European Flood Awareness

System (EFAS). This integration allows the collection of social media data to be automatically triggered by flood

risk warnings determined by a hydro-meteorological model. Then, we adopt a multi-lingual approach to find

flood-related messages by employing two state-of-the-art methodologies: language-agnostic word embeddings

and language-aligned word embeddings. Both approaches can be used to bootstrap a classifier of social media

messages for a new language with little or no labeled data. Finally, we describe a method for selecting relevant and

representative messages and displaying them back in the interface of EFAS.
 
  Address European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy;Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;KAJO, Slovakia  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1854  
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Author (down) Toshihiro Osaragi; Noriaki Hirokawa pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Simulation Analysis of Fire Hydrant Usability Levels after Large Earthquake Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords large earthquake; hydrant; water outage; fire-spread; firefighter  
  Abstract Since large earthquakes can disrupt water supply networks, it is essential to gain an understanding of the expected

usability of fire hydrants in post-quake firefighting activities. In this study, data about water supply networks was

collected and a water outage simulation model was constructed in order to predict the likelihood that individual

fire hydrants would become unusable in the wake of a large earthquake. The water outage simulation model was

integrated with a previously developed urban zone damage simulation and a fire department activity simulation

in order to carry out a simulation-based analysis of the 23 wards of Tokyo, after which a quantitative analysis of

the relation-ship between use of fire hydrants and the number of buildings lost to fire was performed. This analysis

revealed the benefits of hardening water lines against earthquakes, fire hydrant usage variations depending on

locality, and the benefits of using water pressure sensors to identify usable fire hydrants.
 
  Address Tokyo Institute of Technology  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1712  
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Author (down) Thomas Spielhofer; Anna Sophie Hahne; Christian Reuter; Marc-André Kaufhold; Stefka Schmid pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Social Media Use in Emergencies of Citizens in the United Kingdom Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Emergencies; social media; Twitter; Facebook; representative study  
  Abstract People use social media in various ways including looking for or sharing information during crises or emergencies

(e.g. floods, storms, terrorist attacks). Few studies have focused on European citizens? perceptions, and just one

has deployed a representative sample to examine this. This article presents the results of one of the first

representative studies on this topic conducted in the United Kingdom. The study shows that around a third (34%)

have used social media during an emergency and that such use is more widespread among younger people. In

contrast, the main reasons for not using social media in an emergency include technological concerns and that the

trustworthiness of social media content is doubtful. However, there is a growing trend towards increased use. The

article deduces and explores implications of these findings, including problems potentially arising with more

citizens sharing information on social media during emergencies and expecting a response.
 
  Address Technische Universität Darmstadt, Science and Technology for Peace and Security (PEASEC), Germany;The Tavistock Institute of Human Relations (TIHR)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1849  
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Author (down) Terje Gjøsæter; Jaziar Radianti; Weiqin Chen pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Understanding Situational Disabilities and Situational Awareness in Disasters Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Situational Disabilities, Situational Awareness, Universal Design of ICT for Emergency Management  
  Abstract In this paper, a scenario-based approach augmented with personas typically used in universal design and

interactive design domains is used to illustrate the occurrence of situational disabilities in emergency situations,

and to show how environmental factors can trigger these situational disabilities. With the help of personas

representing selected archetypical characteristics and roles, the scenarios are further examined to show how these

situational disabilities can affect the situational awareness of different stakeholders, not only in the command and

control centers, but also first responders in the field as well as affected members of the public. This approach

provides a better understanding of the importance of universal design of ICT for Emergency Management, not

only for people with disabilities and the elderly, but for anyone.
 
  Address Oslo Metropolitan University;Centre for Integrated Emegenency Management, University of Agder  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T9- Universal Design of ICT in Emergency Management Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1924  
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Author (down) Susanne Kubisch; Johanna Stötzer; Sina Keller; María Bull; Andreas Braun pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Combining a social science approach and GIS-based simulation to analyse evacuation in natural disasters: A case study in the Chilean community of Talcahuano Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Interdisciplinary approach, case study, evacuation, tsunami, recommendations disaster risk management  
  Abstract In rapid-onset disasters the time needed for evacuation is crucial. Aside from the behaviour of the population, the

road network plays a fundamental role. It serves as a medium to reach a safe area. This study analyses the entire

evacuation process, from decision-making up to the arrival at an evacuation zone by combining standardised

questionnaires and GIS-based simulation. Based on a case study in the Chilean community of Talcahuano, an

event-based past scenario and a hypothetical future scenario is investigated, integrating the affected population in

the research process. The main problem identified in past evacuations has been time delay due to congestions,

which also is evident in the results of the hypothetical future scenario. A result which supports evacuation by foot.

This paper argues that a combination of scientific methods is essential for analysing evacuation and to reduce the

risk due to time delay, critical route and transport medium choice.
 
  Address Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany;Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Chile  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T7- Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1877  
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Author (down) Steven Sheetz; Andrea Kavanaugh; Edward Fox; Riham Hassan; Seungwon Yang; Mohamed Magdy; Shoemaker Donald pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Information Uses and Gratifications Related to Crisis: Student Perceptions since the Egyptian Uprising Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Uses and gratifications theory; information sources; Internet; social media; structural equation modeling  
  Abstract People use diverse sources of information, e.g., newspapers, TV, Internet news, social media, and face-to-face

conversations, to make sense of crises. We apply uses and gratifications theory (UGT) and structural equation

modeling to illustrate how using internet-based information sources since the political uprisings in Egypt influence

perceptions of information satisfaction. Consistent with expectations we find that content and process gratifications

constructs combine to explain information satisfaction, while social gratifications do not significantly influence

satisfaction in the context of a crisis. This suggests that UGT is useful for evaluating the use of information

technology in a context where information is limited in quantity and reliability.
 
  Address Virginia Tech, United States of America;Microsoft;Louisiana State University;Arab Academy of Science and Technology  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1862  
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Author (down) Steve Peterson; Keri Stephens; Hemant Purohit; Amanda Hughes pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title When Official Systems Overload: A Framework for Finding Social Media Calls for Help during Evacuations Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Disasters, social media, hurricanes, data, framework, public safety  
  Abstract During large-scale disasters it is not uncommon for Public Safety Answering Points (e.g., 9-1-1) to encounter

service disruptions or become overloaded due to call volume. As observed in the two past United States hurricane

seasons, citizens are increasingly turning to social media whether as a consequence of their inability to reach

9-1-1, or as a preferential means of communications. Relying on past research that has examined social media

use in disasters, combined with the practical knowledge of the first-hand disaster response experiences, this paper

develops a knowledge-driven framework containing parameters useful in identifying patterns of shared

information on social media when citizens need help. This effort explores the feasibility of determining

differences, similarities, common themes, and time-specific discoveries of social media calls for help associated

with hurricane evacuations. At a future date, validation of this framework will be demonstrated using datasets

from multiple disasters. The results will lead to recommendations on how the framework can be modified to make

it applicable as a generic disaster-type characterization tool.
 
  Address National Institutes of Health, United States of America;The University of Texas at Austin;George Mason University;Brigham Young University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1928  
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Author (down) Stathis G. Arapostathis pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Instagrammers report about the deadly wildfires of East Attica, 2018, Greece: An introductory analytic assessment for disaster management purposes Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords volunteered geographic information (VGI), Instagram, social media, fires, disasters, disaster management  
  Abstract This article contributes to identifying the capabilities of Instagram when utilized as a source of Volunteered

Geographic Information (VGI) for disaster management (DM) purposes. The geographic focus of this research is

in the Mediterranean area. As case study, the fire event of East Attica 2018, Greece, was chosen. This major fire

occurred on the 23rd of July 2018 and caused the death of 100 people, the injury of additional 164 while the total

burnt area was about 1275,9ha. It is the deadliest in modern Greece?s history and the second deadliest at a global

level, within the 21st century. About 15000 related photos along with the corresponding captions and timestamps

were crawled from Instagram. An initial sample of about 1100, was analyzed, by using a certain methodology

divided in certain steps, the most important of which include the classification of the information to certain

categories, geo-referencing and the creation of graphs and maps that visualize the processed data.
 
  Address Harokopio Univesrsity, Greece  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T6- Geospatial Technologies and Geographic Information Science for Crisis Management (GIS) Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1978  
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Author (down) Starr Roxanne Hiltz; Amanda Hughes; Muhammad Imran; Linda Plotnick; Robert Power; Murray Turoff pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Requirements for Software to Support the use of Social Media in Emergency Management: A Delphi Study Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Social media, emergency management, crisis informatics, software requirements, Delphi method  
  Abstract Social Media contain a wealth of information that could improve the situational awareness of Emergency Managers during a crisis, but many barriers stand in the way. These include information overload, making it impossible to deal with the flood of raw posts, and lack of trust in unverified crowdsourced data. The purpose of this project is to build a communications bridge between emergency responders and technologists who can provide the advances needed to realize social media?s full potential. We are employing a Delphi study survey design, which is a technique for exploring and developing consensus among a group of experts around a particular topic. Participants include emergency managers and technologists with experience in software to support the use of social media in crisis response, from many countries. The topics of the study are described and preliminary, partial results presented for Round 1 of the study, based on 33 responses.  
  Address NJIT, United States of America;Brigham Young U.;Qatar Computing Research Inst.;Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1906  
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Author (down) Sophie Gerstmann; Hans Betke; Stefan Sackmann pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Towards Automated Individual Communication for Coordination of Spontaneous Volunteers Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Spontaneous volunteers, chatbot, social media, system architecture  
  Abstract In recent years, spontaneous volunteers often turned out to be a critical factor to overcome disaster situations and

avoid further damages to life and assets. These Volunteers coordinate their activities using social media and

mobile devices but are not integrated in usual command and control structures of disaster responders. The lack of

professional disaster response knowledge leads to a waste of potential workforce or even dangerous situations for

the volunteers. In this paper, a novel approach for a centralized coordination of spontaneous volunteers through

disaster response professionals while using popular communication channels esp. messaging services (e.g.

Facebook Messenger, WhatsApp) is presented. The architecture of a volunteer coordination system focusing on

automated multi-channel communication is shown and the possibilities of a universal chatbot for individual

assignment and scheduling of volunteers are discussed. The paper also provides first insights in a demonstrator

system as a practical solution.
 
  Address Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1965  
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Author (down) Sooji Han; Fabio Ciravegna pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Rumour Detection on Social Media for Crisis Management Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Rumours, large-scale data, event summarisation, sub-event detection, social media analysis  
  Abstract We address the problem of making sense of rumour evolution during crises and emergencies. We study how

understanding and capturing emerging rumours can benefit decision makers during such event. To this end, we

propose a two-step framework for detecting rumours during crises. In the first step, we introduce an algorithm to

identify noteworthy sub-events in real time. In the second step, we introduce a graph-based text ranking method

for summarising newsworthy sub-events while events unfold. We use temporal and content-based features to

achieve the effective and real-time response and management of crises situations. These features can improve

efficiency in the detection of key rumours in the context of a real-world application. The effectiveness of our

method is evaluated over large-scale Twitter data related to real-world crises. The results show that our framework

can efficiently and effectively capture key rumours circulated during natural and human-made disasters.
 
  Address The University of Sheffield, United Kingdom  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1860  
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Author (down) Shane Errol Halse; Rob Grace; Jess Kropczynski; Andrea Tapia pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Simulating real-time Twitter data from historical datasets Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Twitter, Simulation, Crisis Response, Social Media  
  Abstract In this paper, we will discuss a system design for simulating social media data based on historical datasets. While many datasets containing data collected from social media during crisis have become publicly available, there is a lack of tools or systems can present this data on the same timeline as it was originally posted. Through the design and use of the tool discussed in this paper, we show how historical datasets can be used for algorithm testing, such as those used in machine learning, to improve the quality of the data. In addition, the use of simulated data also has its benefits in training scenarios, which would allow participants to see real, non-fabricated social media messages in the same temporal manner as found on a social media platform. Lastly, we will discuss the positive reception and future improvements suggested by 911 Public Service Answering Point (PSAP) professionals.  
  Address PSU, United States of America;University of Cincinnati  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1898  
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Author (down) Sebastian Schmitz; Konrad Barth; Tim Brüstle; Tobias Gleibs; Ompe Aimé Mudimu pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Testing the implementation of a flying localization system into emergency response using a tabletop exercise Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Urban search and rescue, unmanned aerial vehicle, command and control structures, tabletop exercise, emergency management  
  Abstract To optimize the search for trapped victims after building collapses, the authors participated in the development ofI a localization system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The objective of this study is to evaluate an approach to implement this system into the command and control structures during the emergency response after a building collapse. For this purpose, a tabletop exercise, based on a gas explosion scenario in an apartment building, was carried out with emergency response managers of the fire department and the German federal agency of technical relief. Observers have documented the exercise. Additionally, audio and video recordings were used. Thus, statements could be made about the implementation approach and the tabletop exercise method. Based on the results, the implementation approach can be considered appropriate. In addition, knowledge was gained about the appropriateness of tabletop exercises for the purpose of scientific evaluation.  
  Address TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T2- Command and control studies Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1964  
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Author (down) Sebastian Lindner; Stefan Sackmann; Hans Betke pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Simulating Spontaneous Volunteers: A System Entity Structure for Defining Disaster Scenarios Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Agent-based Simulation, Spontaneous Volunteers, Spontaneous Volunteer Coordination Scenario Definition Language (SVCDSL), System Entity Structure (SES), Disaster Scenario  
  Abstract Fast and easy communication, e.g. via Twitter or Facebook, encourages self-coordination between spontaneous

volunteers in disasters. Unfortunately, this is more and more challenging official disaster management. The need

for the directed coordination of spontaneous volunteers triggered researchers to develop effective coordination

approaches. However, evaluating and comparing such approaches as well as their exercising are lacking a

standardized way to describe repeatable disaster scenarios, e.g. for simulations. Therefore, we present a novel

System Entity Structure (SES) for describing disaster scenarios considering the disaster environment,

communication infrastructure, disaster management, and population of spontaneous volunteers. The SES is

discussed as a promising scheme for including spontaneous volunteers in disaster scenarios on a general level. Its

applicability is demonstrated by a Pruned Entity Structure derived from a real disaster scenario. Based on the

results, we give an outlook on our subsequent research, the XML-based Spontaneous Volunteer Coordination

Scenario Definition Language (SVCSDL).
 
  Address Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T7- Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1885  
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Author (down) Sara Barozzi; Jose Luis Fernandez Marquez; Amudha Ravi Shankar; Barbara Pernici pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Filtering images extracted from social media in the response phase of emergency events Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords rapid mapping, floods, information extraction, filtering, crowdsourcing  
  Abstract The use of social media to support emergency operators in the first hours of the response phases can improve the

quality of the information available and awareness on ongoing emergency events. Social media contain both textual

and visual information, in the form of pictures and videos. The problem related to the use of social media posts

as a source of information during emergencies lies in the difficulty of selecting the relevant information among

a very large amount of irrelevant information. In particular, we focus on the extraction of images relevant to an

event for rapid mapping purpose. In this paper, a set of possible filters is proposed and analyzed with the goal of

selecting useful images from posts and of evaluating how precision and recall are impacted. Filtering techniques,

which include both automated and crowdsourced steps, have the goal of providing better quality posts and easy

manageable data volumes both to emergency responders and rapid mapping operators. The impact of the filters on

precision and recall in extracting relevant images is discussed in the paper in two different case studies.
 
  Address Politecnico di Milano;University of Geneva  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1881  
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Author (down) Sandra König; Stefan Schauer pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Cascading Threats in Critical Infrastructures with Control Systems Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Cascading failures, industrial control systems, critical infrastructures, hybrid situational awareness  
  Abstract Critical infrastructures (CIs) increase in complexity due to numerous dependencies on other CIs but also due to the ongoing digitalization in the industry sector. This yields an increased risk of failure of a single CI as the overall systems gets very fragile and sensitive to errors Failure of a single component may affect large parts of an infrastructure due to cascading effects. One way to support functionality of a CI is the use of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) that allow monitoring remote sites and controlling processes. However, this is an additional source for threats as recent cyber-attacks have shown. Further, the additional information for such cyber systems is often not efficiently combined with existing information on the physical infrastructure. We here propose a method to combine these two sources of information in order to estimate the impact of a security incident on CIs, taking into account cascading effects of threats. An implementation of the model allows simulation of the dynamics inside a CI and yields a record of the status of each asset of the CI. The way the assets change their states illustrates the consequences of an incident on the entire CI. Visualization of the results provides an overview on the situation of the entire CI at a certain point of time and a sequence of such visualization over an entire period of time illustrates the changes over time. The results from this analysis may be used to support security officers in analyzing the current (hybrid) state of their CI in case of an incident and thus increase the hybrid situational awareness.  
  Address Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1932  
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Author (down) Sandra König pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Choosing Ways to Increase Resilience in Critical Infrastructures Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Resilience, critical infrastructure, optimization  
  Abstract Increasing resilience is a core interest in critical infrastructure (CI) protection that involves many challenges. It is necessary to agree on a common understanding of resilience and identify potential strategies to improve it.

Once this is done, the question arises how to choose among these strategies. We propose to decide based on a game-theoretic framework that allows identification of optimal actions under various scenarios. This framework considers different threat scenarios as attacks to the CI and the identified strategies to improve resilience as defense strategies for the CI. Since the payoff of the game, namely the resilience of the CI, can hardly be measured with certainty we choose an extension of classical game theory that allows taking uncertainty into account and still finds provably optimal solutions. This approach is especially useful in a situation where we aim to optimize a quantity that is difficult to measure (such as resilience). The result of this analysis is two-fold: it identifies an optimal defense but also provides information about the resilience in the worst case. The approach is illustrated with a small example using a publicly available implementation.
 
  Address Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1914  
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Author (down) Sammy Abdelghani Teffali; Nada Mattta; Eric Chatelet pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Generating Crisis Situation by Using Ontology and Fuzzy Theory Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Crisis, Fuzzy Theory, Ontology, Stress.  
  Abstract A crisis is a complex situation, difficult to manage by the actors. Some of them are under stress it is difficult to

deal with problems when consequences cannot be predict. The human conditions (concerning familial and life)

and, the influence of the environment related to politics, economic, and media pushe the actors to lose control of

the crisis situation. The question we face in this paper is: ?is it possible to use the fuzzy theory for predicting the

stress impact in crisis?? Our main hypothesis to represent experience feedback in a situation prediction in order

to show negative consequences and correctness actions is taken account. Fuzzy theory concept is used in

prediction in order to generate several situations.
 
  Address University of technology of troyes, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T10- Knowledge, Semantics and AI for RISK and CRISIS management Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1852  
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