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Benjamin Hong, Chanthujan Chandrakumar, Danuka Ravishan, & Raj Prasanna. (2023). A Peer-to-Peer Communication Method for Distributed Earthquake Early Warning Networks: Preliminary Findings. In V. L. Thomas J. Huggins (Ed.), Proceedings of the ISCRAM Asia Pacific Conference 2022 (pp. 111–116). Palmerston North, New Zealand: Massey Unversity.
Abstract: This work-in-progress paper presents preliminary findings of ongoing research into alternative peer-to-peer (P2P) communication methods for earthquake early warning (EEW) systems. It expands upon previous work (Prasanna et al., 2022) that explores a network architecture for a decentralised EEW system. This paper explores using Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC) over a hole-punched UDP tunnel as a potential alternative to a Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) for peer-to-peer networking in an experimental EEW network architecture. The performance of QUIC is tested and compared to TCP over ZeroTier, an SD-WAN chosen as a P2P communication method in the previous work, over a realistic network topology. The results show that QUIC can outperform TCP over ZeroTier. Future work is needed to produce a method suitable for actual use in an EEW system. This paper contributes to the EEW literature by introducing a new method of communication tailored for EEW.
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Chanthujan Chandrakumar, Raj Prasanna, Max Stephens, Marion Lara Tan, Caroline Holden, Amal Punchihewa, et al. (2023). Algorithms for Detecting P-Waves and Earthquake Magnitude Estimation: Initial Literature Review Findings. In V. L. Thomas J. Huggins (Ed.), Proceedings of the ISCRAM Asia Pacific Conference 2022 (pp. 138–155). Palmerston North, New Zealand: Massey Unversity.
Abstract: Earthquake Early Warning System (EEWS) plays a major role during an earthquake in alerting the public and authorities to take appropriate safety measures during an earthquake. Generally, EEWSs use three types of algorithms to generate alerts during an earthquake; namely: source-based, ground motion or wavefield-based and on-site-based approaches. However, source-based algorithms are commonly used in most of EEWSs worldwide. A source-based EEWS uses a particular time frame of the P-wave of an earthquake to estimate the source parameters such as magnitude and the location of that earthquake with the support of P-wave detection and earthquake magnitude and location estimation algorithms. As the initial step of a research project which aims to explore the best use of P-waves to generate earthquake alerts, this Work in Progress paper (WiPe) presents the initial partial findings from an ongoing literature review on exploring the algorithms used for P-wave detection and earthquake magnitude estimation.
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