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Aarland, M., Radianti, J., & Gjøsæter, T. (2023). Using System Dynamics to Simulate Trust in Digital Supply Chains. In Jaziar Radianti, Ioannis Dokas, Nicolas Lalone, & Deepak Khazanchi (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference (pp. 516–529). Omaha, USA: University of Nebraska at Omaha.
Abstract: The power industry is outsourcing and digitalising their services to provide better, faster, and more reliable supply of electric power to the society. As a result, critical infrastructure increases in complexity and tight couplings between multiple suppliers and systems in digital supply chains. It also introduces new risks and challenges that are difficult to manage for critical infrastructure owners. To address the vulnerability in digital supply chains, we have developed a system dynamics model that represent important challenges to manage cybersecurity in digital supply chains, based on input from an expert group in the power industry. The system dynamics model illustrates how trust in suppliers as well as the need for control play important roles in outsourcing. Scenarios were developed and simulated.
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Rustenberg, K., Radianti, J., & Gjøsæter, T. (2023). Exploring Demons for the Establishment of Team Situational Awareness. In Jaziar Radianti, Ioannis Dokas, Nicolas Lalone, & Deepak Khazanchi (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference (pp. 636–648). Omaha, USA: University of Nebraska at Omaha.
Abstract: Individual situational awareness (SA) is crucial for building team SA, which is necessary for achieving a shared understanding of a situation, making informed decisions, and taking appropriate actions. This article examines the communication barriers that emerge when transitioning from individual to team SA in emergency management scenarios. We observed two emergency exercises on “ongoing life-threatening violence” and dam failure causing hospital congestion. The study was complemented with interviews with participants of these exercises, aiming at identifying barriers called SA-demons in the team setting. We discovered barriers that hinder the establishment of team SA, including a vicious cycle of mistrust, a fragmented information trap, a false feeling of mastery trap, and a decaying memory trap. These barriers can stem from individual, organizational, or technological factors. To complement existing SA theories, we applied the Cynefin framework and found that standard operating procedures can be potential barriers when transitioning into chaotic or complex domains.
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Herrera, L. C., & Gjøsæter, T. (2023). Leveraging Crisis Informatics Experts: A co-creating approach for validation of social media research insights. In Jaziar Radianti, Ioannis Dokas, Nicolas Lalone, & Deepak Khazanchi (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference (pp. 439–448). Omaha, USA: University of Nebraska at Omaha.
Abstract: Validation of findings is a challenge in practice-based research. While analysis is being conducted and findings are being constructed out of data collected in a defined period, practitioners continue with their activities. This issue is exacerbated in the field of crisis management, where high volatility and personnel turnover make the capacity to attend research demands scarce. Therefore, conducting classic member validation is logistically challenging for the researcher. The need for rigor and validity calls for alternative mechanisms to fulfill requirements for academic research. This article presents an approach for validation of results of a qualitative study with public organizations that use social media as a source of information in the context of crisis management. The unavailability of original interview-objects to validate our findings resulted in an alternative validation method that leveraged experts in crisis informatics. By presenting our approach, we contribute to encouraging rigor in qualitative research while maintaining the relationship between practice and academia.
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