Michael Auer, Melanie Eckle, Sascha Fendrich, Luisa Griesbaum, Fabian Kowatsch, Sabrina Marx, et al. (2018). Towards Using the Potential of OpenStreetMap History for Disaster Activation Monitoring. In Kees Boersma, & Brian Tomaszeski (Eds.), ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 317–325). Rochester, NY (USA): Rochester Institute of Technology.
Abstract: “Over the last couple of years, the growing OpenStreetMap (OSM) data base repeatedly proved its potential for various use cases, including disaster management. Disaster mapping activations show increasing contributions, but oftentimes raise questions related to the quality of the provided \emph{Volunteered Geographic Information} (VGI). In order to better monitor and understand OSM mapping and data quality, we developed a software platform that applies big data technology to OSM full history data. OSM full history data monitoring allows detailed analyses of the OSM data evolution and the detection of remarkable patterns over time. This paper illustrates the specific potential of the platform for disaster activations by means of two case studies. Initial results demonstrate that our flexible and scalable platform structure enables fast and easy information extraction and supports mapping processes and data quality assurance.”
|
|
Melanie Eckle, Benjamin Herfort, Yingwei Yan, Chiao-Ling Kuo, & Alexander Zipf. (2017). Towards using Volunteered Geographic Information to monitor post-disaster recovery in tourist destinations. In eds Aurélie Montarnal Matthieu Lauras Chihab Hanachi F. B. Tina Comes (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management (pp. 1008–1019). Albi, France: Iscram.
Abstract: The aftereffects of disaster events are significant in tourist destinations where they do not only lead to destruction and casualties, but also long-lasting economic harms. The public perception causes tourists to refrain from visiting these areas and recovery of the tourist industry, a major economic sector, to become challenging. To improve this situation, current information about the tourist and infrastructure recovery is crucial for a “rebranding”- information that is however time and cost-intensive in acquisition using traditional information sources. An alternative data source that has shown great potential for information gathering in other disaster management phases, which was less considered for disaster recovery purposes, is Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI). Therefore, this paper introduces a VGI-based methodology to address this task. Initial analyses conducted with Flickr data indicate a potential of VGI for recovery monitoring, whereas the analysis of OpenStreetMap data shows, that this form of VGI requires further quality assurance.
|
|
Carolin Klonner, Melanie Eckle, Tomás Usón, & Bernhard Höfle. (2017). Quality Improvement of Remotely Volunteered Geographic Information via Country-Specific Mapping Instructions. In eds Aurélie Montarnal Matthieu Lauras Chihab Hanachi F. B. Tina Comes (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management (pp. 939–947). Albi, France: Iscram.
Abstract: Volunteered geographic information can be seen as valuable data for various applications such as within disaster management. OpenStreetMap data, for example, are mainly contributed by remote mappers based on satellite imagery and have increasingly been implemented in response actions to various disasters. Yet, the quality often depends on the local and country-specific knowledge of the mappers, which is required for performing the mapping task. Hence, the question is raised whether there is a possibility to train remote mappers with country-specific mapping instructions in order to improve the quality of OpenStreetMap data. An experiment is conducted with Geography students to evaluate the effect of additional material that is provided in wiki format. Furthermore, a questionnaire is applied to collect participants' socio-demographic information, mapping experience and feedback about the material. This pre-study gives hints for future designs of country-specific mapping instructions as well as the experiment design itself.
|
|
Martin Hilljegerdes, & Ellen-Wien Augustijn-Beckers. (2019). Evaluating the effects of consecutive hurricane hits on evacuation patterns in Dominica. In Z. Franco, J. J. González, & J. H. Canós (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management. Valencia, Spain: Iscram.
Abstract: The Caribbean island of Dominica is at constant risk of being hit by tropical storms during the hurricane season.
Therefore, Dominica and areas in similar situations need to raise their resilience to natural hazards. The potential
consequences of climate change intensify this risk. After a hurricane hit, repair of damage to buildings and
infrastructure can take several months. As hurricane frequency is increasing and time between hurricanes
fluctuates, modeling sequences of hurricane events can help to determine different evacuation strategies. This
paper introduces an agent-based model, simulating two hurricane events in one season. The prototype simulates
the movement of evacuees over a road network and damage to buildings and infrastructure. Initial results show
marked differences between road movements of evacuees during a second evacuation. Although shifts in the
average shelter occupation are small (up to 2%) for our case study, this can indicate that adjustments to shelter
capacities are necessary.
|
|
Bas Lijnse. (2019). Robust Private Web Maps with Open Tools and Open Data. In Z. Franco, J. J. González, & J. H. Canós (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management. Valencia, Spain: Iscram.
Abstract: Crisis management information often has a geospatial dimension that allows it to be visualized on a map. As
more and more systems are developed as web-based applications, maps have also become a common sight in such
applications. The de-facto solution to add maps to web-based applications is to integrate a third-party service.
For web-based crisis management information systems, this approach has two disadvantages. First, the third-party
service must be available and reachable. Second, by using third-party services you implicitly share what you are
viewing, with the risk of unintentionally exposing sensitive location information. In this Tool Talks paper, we show
how to create a robust and private alternative for web-based maps using open source tools and open data.
|
|