Ophélie Morand, Stéphane Safin, Robert Larribau, & Caroline Rizza. (2023). Understanding and Improving Collaboration in Emergency Simulations with a Local Chain of Survival. In V. L. Thomas J. Huggins (Ed.), Proceedings of the ISCRAM Asia Pacific Conference 2022 (pp. 117–129). Palmerston North, New Zealand: Massey Unversity.
Abstract: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and choking are two emergencies where the rapid action of a bystander can increase the victim's chances of survival. Few bystanders act because they are not aware of their role as the first link in the chain of survival. Working on collaboration among a local chain of survival and using applications to improve communication and provide tutorials of actions to perform can be used to overcome this issue. We investigate these elements in the context of the Geneva Chain of Survival using simulations. The results show that an optimal collaboration means a lead’s handover between the intervening parties. Collaboration can be degraded by problems of communication, panic , and confusion. Applications constitute a valuable addition to enhance the dispatcher's awareness and to help guide the CPR while not extending the intervention time. Finally, the debriefing that follows enables the acquisition of competencies through experiential learning that relies on emotions.
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Keri K. Stephens, Jing Li, Brett W. Robertson, William R. Smith, & Dhiraj Murthy. (2018). Citizens Communicating Health Information: Urging Others in their Community to Seek Help During a Flood. In Kees Boersma, & Brian Tomaszeski (Eds.), ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 893–902). Rochester, NY (USA): Rochester Institute of Technology.
Abstract: When wide-scale flooding occurs in a community not accustomed to floods, health concerns emerge. While official organizations tasked with communicating emerging health information exist, the proliferation of social media makes it possible for average citizens to participate in this conversation. This study used a combination of semi-structured interviews and photo elicitation techniques to explore how citizens used private social media sites to share health information. We found two main categories of health concerns: existing medical conditions and water-created. We further identified six themes that describe the common approaches average citizens used to share health information: Narrating a personal experience, presenting it as a Public Service Announcement, downplaying the contribution, bringing a credible source into the conversation, including external links and sources, and using humor. Together, these findings suggest that citizens need health information during a flood disaster, and when they do not have it available from official sources, they use their private social media to tap into a shared community identity and carefully help one another.
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Reem Abbas, & Tony Norris. (2018). Inter-Agency Communication and Information Exchange in Disaster Healthcare. In Kees Boersma, & Brian Tomaszeski (Eds.), ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 886–892). Rochester, NY (USA): Rochester Institute of Technology.
Abstract: In a disaster, the main agencies of healthcare and relief are usually health and disaster management organisations. Although these two disciplines share the same vision of care provision to disaster victims, experience shows that poor communication between them can negatively impact the collaboration needed to ensure the quality and coordinated delivery of effective healthcare. This paper presents the current findings of an on-going investigation to determine and reduce the barriers to smooth and effective communication and information exchange.
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Zeno Franco, Katinka Hooyer, Tanvir Roushan, Casey O'Brien, Nadiyah Johnson, Bill Watson, et al. (2018). Detecting & Visualizing Crisis Events in Human Systems: an mHealth Approach with High Risk Veterans. In Kees Boersma, & Brian Tomaszeski (Eds.), ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 874–885). Rochester, NY (USA): Rochester Institute of Technology.
Abstract: Designing mHealth applications for mental health interventions has largely focused on education and patient self-management. Next generation applications must take on more complex tasks, including sensor-based detection of crisis events, search for individualized early warning signs, and support for crisis intervention. This project examines approaches to integrating multiple worn sensors to detect mental health crisis events in US military veterans. Our work has highlighted several practical and theoretical problems with applying technology to evaluation crises in human system, which are often subtle and difficult to detect, as compared to technological or natural crisis events. Humans often do not recognize when they are in crisis and under-report crises to prevent reputational damage. The current project explores preliminary use of the E4 Empatica wristband to characterize acute aggression using a combination of veteran self-report data on anger, professional actors simulating aggressive events, and preliminary efforts to discriminate between crisis data and early warning sign data.
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Shada Alsalamah, Hessah Alsalamah, Jaziar Radianti, Sakher Alqahtani, Thamer Adnan Nouh, Mohamed Abomhara, et al. (2018). Information Requirements for Disaster Victim Identification and Emergency Medical Services:Hajj Crowd Disaster Case Study. In Kees Boersma, & Brian Tomaszeski (Eds.), ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 861–873). Rochester, NY (USA): Rochester Institute of Technology.
Abstract: Disturbing crowd disaster incidents have been witnessed in every corner of the planet, which often lead to extensive difficulties, especially when they involve mass multi-nation casualties. When conducting Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) tasks, starting from finding the missing, curing the injured, and identifying the deceased, the challenge in such disasters is the lack of information to provide Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and conduct DVI in a timely manner. The literature presents fragmented solutions that can equip either post-mortem DVI or EMS with solutions to facilitate data collection and dissemination, but they do not consider a holistic solution that allows access to the victims' right information when needed. In this paper, we analyze information needs across multi-disciplines, as well as the requirements for technical support that can help manage the identification process. Recommendations should lay a sound foundation for future multi-disciplinary research in the areas of DVI, EMS, crowd disaster, health informatics, information security and software engineering in the health sphere.
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