Ivar Svare Holand, Peter Mozelius, & Trond Olav Skevik. (2021). A structured and dynamic model for emergency management exercises. In Anouck Adrot, Rob Grace, Kathleen Moore, & Christopher W. Zobel (Eds.), ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 186–197). Blacksburg, VA (USA): Virginia Tech.
Abstract: Emergencies are management challenges, and emergency exercises that involve multiple collaborating parties is a means towards mastering them. Such exercises are often conducted in a virtual training environment based on complex disaster scenarios. The reported study was carried out using a requirement-focused design approach. The aim was to describe and discuss a relevant design for lean, dynamic, and cost-efficient emergency management exercise systems. Data were gathered from a literature study and analyses of earlier emergency management projects in which the authors had participated. Despite the complexity of many current emergency management exercises, the scenarios usually involve only the response phases and have a linear structure that hinders both didactic aspects and the software structure. The conclusion drawn from the study is that an emergency management exercise model should focus on managing the activities that correspond to alternatives that unfold from a dynamic scenario. Finally, the authors recommend the principles of alternate reality games as a way towards more dynamic and cost-efficient emergency exercise systems.
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Kristine Steen-Tveit, Jaziar Radianti, & Bjørn Erik Munkvold. (2020). SMS-based real-time data collection for evaluation of situational awareness and common operational picture: lessons learned from a field exercise. In Amanda Hughes, Fiona McNeill, & Christopher W. Zobel (Eds.), ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 276–284). Blacksburg, VA (USA): Virginia Tech.
Abstract: Managing complex multi-agency emergency operations requires that the key actors have a holistic, correct and dynamic situational awareness (SA) and that the involved actors establish a common operational picture (COP). Establishing SA and COP are key objectives in many multi-agency exercises, however, reported research shows limitations in existing methods and approaches for collecting the data required for evaluating this. By being able to capture near real-time information during different phases of the exercise we will be better positioned to identify what works well and what does not work in the process of establishing SA and COP. Our paper presents an example of real-time data collection using SMS during a multi-agency field exercise. Overall, the results support the idea of this as an effective method for collecting real-time data for analyzing the formation of SA and a COP among actors in emergency management.
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Tuomas Peltonen, Michael Ammann, Juhani Lahtinen, & Kaj Vesterbacka. (2010). Operational experience with the Ketale web application. In C. Zobel B. T. S. French (Ed.), ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings. Seattle, WA: Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM.
Abstract: Ketale is a collaborative data management system to share, manage and view the results of dispersion and dose calculations and other information related to nuclear or radiation accidents. Ketale was used the first time in an exercise in December 2008. User feedback led to a redesign of the system during 2009. The redesigned version improved the overall performance of the system and introduced some new features like a planning tool for countermeasure recommendations. The present report outlines operational aspects and user experiences of the Ketale system.
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Sebastian Schmitz, Lennart Landsberg, Tim Brüstle, Johannes Weinem, & Ompe Aimé Mudimu. (2018). Evaluation of a flying localization system for the rescue of buried victims – A scenario based training approach. In Kees Boersma, & Brian Tomaszeski (Eds.), ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 1143–1147). Rochester, NY (USA): Rochester Institute of Technology.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to develop various scenarios for evaluating an unmanned aerial vehicle that is developed for the localization of buried people after a building collapse. To test their concept of implementing this system into the command structure of organized first response the authors plan to carry out a tabletop exercise in laboratory scale and a large-scale exercise. Scenario based training is used as methodic approach for these exercises. To develop realistic scenarios, relevant national and international organizations and their requirements have been identified. Also, the requirements of the localization system have been taken into account. Furthermore, real incidents have been analyzed and their match with the requirements has been verified. As result one national and one international scenario, based on real incidents, are developed.
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