Arnis Parsovs. (2020). Solving the Estonian ID Card Crisis: the Legal Issues. In Amanda Hughes, Fiona McNeill, & Christopher W. Zobel (Eds.), ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 459–471). Blacksburg, VA (USA): Virginia Tech.
Abstract: In 2017, Estonia experienced a cyber crisis caused by a vulnerability found in the smart card chips produced by Infineon Technologies AG. Since the affected chip was used in the electronic identity card (ID card) issued by the State to more than half of the Estonian population, the vulnerability posed a risk to the resilience of Estonian e-state and thus quickly escalated into a manageable crisis. This work studies to what extent, in such a national emergency, the involved parties were able to precisely follow the applicable laws and regulations in the field. We enlist the cases where the requirements were not fully followed, either due to the lack of technical preparedness, suboptimal decisions made under heavy time pressure, or the critical nature of the situation.
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Keri K. Stephens, Jing Li, Brett W. Robertson, William R. Smith, & Dhiraj Murthy. (2018). Citizens Communicating Health Information: Urging Others in their Community to Seek Help During a Flood. In Kees Boersma, & Brian Tomaszeski (Eds.), ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 893–902). Rochester, NY (USA): Rochester Institute of Technology.
Abstract: When wide-scale flooding occurs in a community not accustomed to floods, health concerns emerge. While official organizations tasked with communicating emerging health information exist, the proliferation of social media makes it possible for average citizens to participate in this conversation. This study used a combination of semi-structured interviews and photo elicitation techniques to explore how citizens used private social media sites to share health information. We found two main categories of health concerns: existing medical conditions and water-created. We further identified six themes that describe the common approaches average citizens used to share health information: Narrating a personal experience, presenting it as a Public Service Announcement, downplaying the contribution, bringing a credible source into the conversation, including external links and sources, and using humor. Together, these findings suggest that citizens need health information during a flood disaster, and when they do not have it available from official sources, they use their private social media to tap into a shared community identity and carefully help one another.
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Lisa Anne Wood. (2016). A Mobilities Approach to Understanding Emergency Management Information Systems (EMIS) in Maintaining Organizational Identity and Belonging in Paramedic Work. In A. Tapia, P. Antunes, V.A. Bañuls, K. Moore, & J. Porto (Eds.), ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.
Abstract: This paper describes a forthcoming research project exploring how technological systems are used to tether paramedic work practices to organizational bases when work goes on the move. Inspired by Mobilities scholarship in both crisis response and mobile work, this paper describes a project, Work on The Move, specifically discussing how information systems support and are utilized during the transference of work from ?organizational bases? to other arenas, focusing on the sociality of information systems, what they afford and how they bridge spatial divides between paramedic crews and organizational bases.
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Sarah Bratt, Bryan Semaan, Lauren Britton, Bryan Dosono, & Franco Zeno. (2017). Translation in Personal Crises: Opportunities for Wearables Design. In eds Aurélie Montarnal Matthieu Lauras Chihab Hanachi F. B. Tina Comes (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management (pp. 266–279). Albi, France: Iscram.
Abstract: This paper reports on a qualitative study exploring personal crises that emerge during transitions. Personal crises, like crises caused by natural disasters, often lead to new behaviors and opportunities for technology appropriation and design. Through interviews with 14 military veterans re-integrating into civilian society, we find that the veterans' transitions involve several impediments related to translation work--the process through which people make sense of the conflicting rules and norms between former and present social realities. We developed guidelines for the design of new wearable devices that can aid veterans in the translation process by proposing a six-fold schema of design criteria for wearables--detection, nudging, portability/proximity, inconspicuousness, connectivity, and reflection--to empower veterans in managing personal crises, fostering resilience, and creating normalcy. Finally, we develop the concept of identity creep to explicate these translation-breakdowns.
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