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| Author | Fahd Bin Malek Newaz; Aslak Wegner Eide; Antoine Pultier | ||||
| Title | Supporting first responder in-field communication and navigation using head-mounted displays | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2015 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | C2; Communication; Emergency Management; head-mounted display; navigation | ||||
| Abstract | This paper explores the added-value of using interactive head-mounted displays to support command and control of first responders during emergency response. Specifically, it describes and evaluates a prototype system that makes use of Google Glass to enable in-field receiving of information from a command center, as well as in-field navigation and video streaming. The viability and usefulness of the concept was evaluated through a set of end-user workshops and interviews. A small-scale experiment was also conducted to assess the efficiency of using head-mounted displays for in-field navigation, as compared to handheld devices. Findings from workshops and interviews suggest that head-mounted displays could be a valuable supplement to radio communication, with potential for reducing information misinterpretation, and for enhancing information quality. Results from the experiment indicate that head-mounted displays have the same level of efficiency as handheld devices when used for basic navigation tasks. | ||||
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| Publisher | University of Agder (UiA) | Place of Publication | Kristiansand, Norway | Editor | L. Palen; M. Buscher; T. Comes; A. Hughes |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 9788271177881 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control studies | Expedition | Conference | ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1208 | |||
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| Author | H. van Dijk | ||||
| Title | Situation Awareness in Crisis Situations: Development of a User Defined Operational Picture | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2015 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Command & control; Common operational picture; situation awareness; user defined operational picture | ||||
| Abstract | This paper describes an effort underway to develop an operational concept and technical implementation for a User Defined Operational Picture (UDOP). The purpose of the UDOP capability is to create, visualize, and share decision-focused views of the operational environment for decision-makers to support accurate situation awareness and timely decision-making. Unlike a traditional Common Operational Picture (COP), a UDOP allows the user to select what information should be included in- or excluded from the data set defining the operational picture at the source. This paper provides an overview of the UDOP capabilities, as well as a description of the initial prototype implementation in an operational setting. | ||||
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| Publisher | University of Agder (UiA) | Place of Publication | Kristiansand, Norway | Editor | L. Palen; M. Buscher; T. Comes; A. Hughes |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 9788271177881 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control studies | Expedition | Conference | ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1209 | |||
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| Author | Jenny Marklund; Cecilia Hull Wiklund | ||||
| Title | Learning from C2 Situations in the Field – Identifying Lessons from a Major Forest Fire in Sweden | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Lessons Learned; Crisis Management; Forest Fire; C2; Sweden | ||||
| Abstract | In July 2014, Sweden?s full crisis response system engaged in a major operation as a small forest fire spun out of control, turning into the largest forest fire in Sweden in modern times. A number of investigations have been undertaken to understand the course of the fire and identify lessons for future crisis management. This paper presents one approach to identifying such lessons, the lessons learned process applied by the Swedish Armed Forces. The paper also highlights some of the major crisis response lessons from the fire, the most important being the failure to learn from lessons identified after previous forest fires. Results also show that the crisis response effort was negatively affected by a poor understanding of relevant actor?s competencies and resources, as well as lack of continuity in the initial chain of command, and identifies the need for national prioritization of resources at times of major crises. | ||||
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| Publisher | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | Place of Publication | Rio de Janeiro, Brasil | Editor | A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3388 | ISBN | 978-84-608-7984-9 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1379 | |||
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| Author | Christian Uhr; Björn J E Johansson; Jonas Landgren; Martin Holmberg; Fredrik Bynander; Samuel Koelega; Jiri Trnka | ||||
| Title | Once upon a time in Västmanland – the power of narratives or how the “truth” unfolds | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Case Study; Choice Of Methodology; Evaluation Of Direction And Coordination | ||||
| Abstract | In 2014 a small fire started in a forest in central Sweden. Within a few days it developed into the largest wildfire in Sweden in the last 50 years. As the scale of the fire increased, so did the need for direction and coordination of the resources engaged in the response operation. Both official investigators and the research community have studied the challenges and come up with recommendations for improvements of the Swedish crisis management system. All authors of this paper have been involved in such efforts. This paper is a result of us trying to formulate lessons learnt based on several written reports and official discussions. The development of the narratives constructed by individuals involved in the response, investigators and researchers is analyzed. We conclude that researchers need to pay attention to their own role in this development. Maybe there is a need for a game changer on the methodological side? | ||||
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| Publisher | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | Place of Publication | Rio de Janeiro, Brasil | Editor | A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3388 | ISBN | 978-84-608-7984-9 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1380 | |||
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| Author | Valerie November; Laurence Creton-Cazanave | ||||
| Title | Inquiry in control rooms – an analysis through the lenses of space, time and practices | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Control Rooms; Space; Time; Action; Monitoring | ||||
| Abstract | In recent risk studies, some researchers have raised concerns regarding the focus on extraordinary events – sometimes called ?extreme paradigm? (Gaillard, 2007). Simultaneously, we are witnessing a growing interest in the more ?ordinary? situations that must be handled on a daily basis in order to avoid crises (Roux-Dufort 2007, Van Laere 2013). In an interdisciplinary perspective of sociology and geography, we have analysed five different control rooms (traffic safety, air traffic control, humanitarian coordination, weather forecasting and electrical supply). This transversal perspective has helped us consider control rooms as specific spatio-temporal devices, where ordinary practices aim as much at crisis avoidance as at crisis management. We conclude that it is important to broaden the analytical perspective of control rooms; to no longer regard them as the source of action but rather as one aspect of larger socio-technical monitoring devices. | ||||
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| Publisher | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | Place of Publication | Rio de Janeiro, Brasil | Editor | A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3388 | ISBN | 978-84-608-7984-9 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1381 | |||
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| Author | Peter Berggren; Björn JE Johansson; Ellen Ekström | ||||
| Title | Resilience through training – assessing cognition in teams | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2016 |
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| Abstract | Breakdowns in team cognition are accepted as an explanation for system collapses, especially in complex environments. In the nuclear industry, training for system collapses is a part of the job for control room teams. Such training focus both on improving skills required for recognising and solving disturbances and on improving team processes. This paper presents an approach to team training for nuclear power plant control room teams with the purpose of making the system more resilient by improving debriefing sessions through feedback on shared strategic understanding among team members. | ||||
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| Publisher | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | Place of Publication | Rio de Janeiro, Brasil | Editor | A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3388 | ISBN | 978-84-608-7984-9 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1382 | |||
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| Author | Andreas Lotter; Konrad Barth; Brauner Florian; Florian Steyer; Ompe Aime Mudimu; Alex Lechleuthner | ||||
| Title | Measurement of information flows in rescue exercises in the aftermath of the collapse of a building | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2016 |
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| Keywords | Collapsed Buildings; Information Flow; Table-Top Exercises; In-Field Exercises | ||||
| Abstract | Collapsed buildings are one of the most complex challenges for rescue forces. The large amount of incoming information in particular is a major challenge to handle for the involved forces. The Assessment of this information is necessary in order to be able to give reliable statements about the number of buried and missing victims. To improve the handling of the information, the authors have developed a method to measure information flow during rescue exercises after the collapse of a building. This method has been developed within VERVE, a research project subsidized by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). The method has been evaluated and tested through two exercises. | ||||
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| Publisher | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | Place of Publication | Rio de Janeiro, Brasil | Editor | A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3388 | ISBN | 978-84-608-7984-9 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1383 | |||
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| Author | Bruno S. N.; Adriana S. Vivacqua; Marcos R.S. Borges | ||||
| Title | A Conceptual Architecture to handle the influx of information in Emergency Situations | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2016 |
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| Keywords | Emergency; Heterogeneous Information Sources; Information Integration; Collaboration; Visualization Of Information; Dashboards. | ||||
| Abstract | Emergency situations are characterized by their complexity and the heterogeneity of the available information. Emergency managers are frequently confronted with redundant or irrelevant information, causing the problem of information overload. Evidence of this problem was identified in an exploratory survey conducted in the Center for Integrated Command and Control of Rio de Janeiro (CICC-RJ). In this paper, we present a conceptual architecture that allows a user to handle this influx of information. From a set of available data, a manager can select those of interest, which can then be transformed and mapped into one or more views, and organized in a dashboard. The whole process is interactive, allowing the manager to redefine his/her dashboard as needed. In addition, we provide collaborative mechanisms, given that, at times, it is not possible for a single user to handle such large datasets alone. | ||||
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| Publisher | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | Place of Publication | Rio de Janeiro, Brasil | Editor | A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3388 | ISBN | 978-84-608-7984-9 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1384 | |||
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| Author | Nicoletta Baroutsi | ||||
| Title | Observing Sensemaking in C2: Performance Assessments in Multi-Organizational Crisis Response | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2016 |
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| Keywords | Emergency Response; Crisis; C2; Command & Control; Sensemaking; High Reliability Organizations; Dynamic Decision Making | ||||
| Abstract | A crisis can involve multiple organizations during high pressure events, and it is up to the Command & Control (C2) unit to provide direction and coordination for the response (Brehmer, 2006). Hard as this problem is, there is still no ?one-solution?. Dissimilar organizations with very different methods seem to be able to master the problem. This paper presents the initial development of a new evaluation method for C2 in the context of multi-organizational crisis response. The data is collected at an emergency water exercise series conducted in several cities in Sweden. Each exercise involves multiple agencies and organizations, with up to 76 participants from 15 unique organizations/units. The analysis is brief, but presents the possibility of observing Sensemaking as it unfolds, and that generic behavioral patterns can be found. The existence of generic and observable behavior patterns suggests the possibility of assessing, and maybe even quantifying, Sensemaking performance in C2. | ||||
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| Publisher | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | Place of Publication | Rio de Janeiro, Brasil | Editor | A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3388 | ISBN | 978-84-608-7984-9 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1385 | |||
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| Author | Jonas Rybing; Johan Larsson; Carl-Oscar Jonson; Erik Prytz | ||||
| Title | Preliminary Validation Results of DigEmergo for Surge Capacity Management | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2016 |
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| Keywords | Simulator Validation; Between Group Analysis; Command And Control; Performance Measures; Emergency Medicine; Surge Capacity | ||||
| Abstract | This paper presents preliminary analysis from a validation study of a novel emergency medicine command and control training and evaluation simulator: DIGEMERGO®. The simulated emergency scenario was a surge capacity event at a generic emergency department, in which the participants took on a management role as the emergency department?s coordinating head nurse. A between group validation design with medical expert and novice participants was used. Initial analysis examined three triage measures associated with surge capacity management performance: time to triage, amount of patients triaged, and triage accuracy. The results show that experts were significantly more accurate at triaging in-hospital patients, but not incoming trauma patients. No significant differences in time or number of patients triaged was found. These initial results partially indicate simulator validity, but trauma patient triage accuracy suffered from a confounding variable in the triage system used. Analysis of additional measures is undergoing to further investigate validity claims. | ||||
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| Publisher | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | Place of Publication | Rio de Janeiro, Brasil | Editor | A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3388 | ISBN | 978-84-608-7984-9 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1386 | |||
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| Author | Fabio Ciravegna; Suvodeep Mazumdar; Neil Ireson; Peter Cudd | ||||
| Title | Seeing through the Eyes of the Citizens during Emergencies | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2016 |
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| Keywords | Mobile Camera; Emergency Response; Control Room Technologies | ||||
| Abstract | Availability and access to information is critical for providing a highly effective response to an ongoing event ? however, often information reported by citizens over the phone may be unclear, inaccurate, biased or subjective, based on the context of the reporter. This can often lead to inadequate response to an emergency, which can in turn result in loss of property or worse, lives. On the other hand, excessive response to an emergency can also result in a highly expensive exercise. Our solution to address this problem is to make the citizen act as a camera for the control room by exploiting the user?s mobile camera. The system is designed to provide a live view of the citizen?s immediate surroundings, while control room personnel can provide instructions. In this paper, we introduce the system and share initial insights from a focus group evaluation conducted within a separate but closely related domain. | ||||
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| Publisher | Federal University of Rio de Janeiro | Place of Publication | Rio de Janeiro, Brasil | Editor | A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3388 | ISBN | 978-84-608-7984-9 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1387 | |||
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| Author | Sebastian Lindner; Stephan Kühnel; Hans Betke; Stefan Sackmann | ||||
| Title | Simulating Spontaneous Volunteers – A Conceptual Model | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2018 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 159-169 | ||
| Keywords | spontaneous volunteers, disaster management, agent-based simulation, conceptual model, SUV behavior | ||||
| Abstract | Recent disasters have revealed growing numbers of citizens who participate in responses to disasters. These so-called spontaneous unaffiliated on-site volunteers (SUVs) have become valuable resources for mitigating disaster scales. However, their self-coordination has also led to harm or putting themselves in danger. The necessity to coordinate SUVs has encouraged researchers to develop coordination approaches, yet testing, evaluating, and validating these approaches has been challenging, as doing so requires either real disasters or field tests. In practice, this is usually expensive, elaborate, and/or impossible, in part, to conduct. Simulating SUVs' behaviors using agent-based simulations seems promising to address this challenge. Therefore, this contribution presents a conceptual model that provides the basis for implementing SUV agents in simulation software to perform suitable simulations and to forecast citizens' behaviors under a given set of circumstances. To achieve adequate simulations, the conceptual model is based on the identification of 25 behavior-affecting attributes. | ||||
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| Publisher | Rochester Institute of Technology | Place of Publication | Rochester, NY (USA) | Editor | Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 978-0-692-12760-5 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and control studies | Expedition | Conference | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 2097 | |||
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| Author | Nicoletta Baroutsi | ||||
| Title | A Practitioners Guide for C2 Evaluations: Quantitative Measurements of Performance and Effectiveness | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2018 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 170-189 | ||
| Keywords | Performance, Effectiveness, Evaluation, Crisis Response Management, Command & Control, Quantitative Measurements | ||||
| Abstract | Quantitative evaluations are valuable in the strive for improvements and asserting quality. However, the field of Command & Control (C2) evaluations are hard to navigate, and it is difficult to find the correct measurement for a specific situation. A comprehensive Scoping Study was made concerning measurements of C2 performance and effectiveness. A lack of an existing appropriate framework for discussing C2 evaluations led to the development of the Crisis Response Management (CRM) Matrix. This is an analysis tool that assigns measurements into categories, and each category display unique strengths, weaknesses and trends. The analysis yielded results proving to be too rich for a single article, thusly, this is the first of two articles covering the results. In this article, the Practitioners Guide focus on results valuable for someone interested in evaluating C2. Each evaluation has specific requirements that, for best result, ought to be reflected in the chosen measurement. | ||||
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| Publisher | Rochester Institute of Technology | Place of Publication | Rochester, NY (USA) | Editor | Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 978-0-692-12760-5 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and control studies | Expedition | Conference | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 2098 | |||
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| Author | Magdalena Granåsen; Mari Olsén; Per-Anders Oskarsson | ||||
| Title | Assessing Interorganizational Crisis Response Capability – Initial Results of a Systematic Literature Review | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2018 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 190-202 | ||
| Keywords | Interorganizational crisis management, capability, assessment | ||||
| Abstract | The ability to learn from crises is vital in order to strengthen the capability of societies to manage severe events. This paper presents the initial analysis of a systematic literature review regarding capability assessment of inter-organizational crisis management systems. Inter-organizational crisis management capability is a diverse concept, touching on several related concepts such as resilience, situation awareness and operational performance. During a systematic review process 73 publications were identified. The different aspects of crisis management capability found in the publications were clustered, using an exploratory approach. Nine thematic clusters were identified: interaction, relationships, coordination/C2, system performance, preparedness, situation awareness, resilience, decision making and information infrastructure. A conclusion is that crisis response capability encompasses a multitude of aspects associated with a wide range of assessment methods. The identified publications to a large extent explored aspects of collaboration and coordination, while the actual outcome (system performance) was less explored. | ||||
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| Publisher | Rochester Institute of Technology | Place of Publication | Rochester, NY (USA) | Editor | Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 978-0-692-12760-5 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and control studies | Expedition | Conference | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 2099 | |||
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| Author | Peter Berggren; Mateo Herrera Velasquez; Jenny Pettersson; Oscar Henning; Henrik Lidberg; Björn J E Johansson | ||||
| Title | Reflection in Teams for Training of Prehospital Command and Control Teams | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2018 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 203-211 | ||
| Keywords | Emergo Train System, training, pre-hospital, medical command and control, emergency response | ||||
| Abstract | Prehospital command and control (PS) is a structure for handling medical accidents in Sweden. It includes terminology, command structure, roles, and performance indicators. The concept is taught and trained at the Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine and Traumatology (KMC). The concept is trained using a mixture of lectures, simulation based exercises, and scenario designed by the participants. The scenarios are ran in Emergo Train System (ETS), a versatile and flexible table-top simulation platform, where medical command and control can be trained and evaluated. The purpose of this study was to develop structure for feedback and reflection by using a measure of shared understanding. The empirical study presents how the Shared Priorities instrument can be used to provide structured feedback for training. The paper is concluded with a discussion on how the empirical findings can be integrated in training prehospital medical command and control. | ||||
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| Publisher | Rochester Institute of Technology | Place of Publication | Rochester, NY (USA) | Editor | Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 978-0-692-12760-5 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and control studies | Expedition | Conference | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 2100 | |||
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| Author | Anne-Marie Barthe-Delanoë; Sébastien Truptil; Nelly Olivier-Maget; Frédérick Bénaben | ||||
| Title | Towards an Organizational and Socio-Technical Context-Aware Adaptation of Emergency Plans | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2018 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 212-217 | ||
| Keywords | Agility, context awareness, emergency plan, preparation | ||||
| Abstract | In France, facilities listed under environment protection regulations are required to draw up emergency plans. During a crisis situation, facing an unexpected event, these plans may be irrelevant. They have to be adapted to the current crisis situation and its observed or anticipated evolutions, using data emitted by the crisis ecosystem. But this adaptation requires lots of effort and is time-consuming. This article aims at presenting an approach to ensure the dynamic adaptation of emergency plans. We propose to identify generic configuration variables (representing interactions of physical phenomena and human factors on the facility) and to feed these configuration variables by collecting and processing data emitted by sensors, social networks, official reports, etc. Therefore, emergency plans could natively integrate agility by their ability to detect and take into account a change in the crisis situation and decision makers will be supported since the early stage of the crisis response. | ||||
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| Publisher | Rochester Institute of Technology | Place of Publication | Rochester, NY (USA) | Editor | Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 978-0-692-12760-5 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and control studies | Expedition | Conference | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 2101 | |||
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| Author | Daniel Auferbauer; Roman Ganhör; Hilda Tellioglu | ||||
| Title | Opportunistic Affiliation in Spontaneous Volunteer Management | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2019 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Crisis and disaster management, spontaneous volunteers, command and control, volunteer management | ||||
| Abstract | Spontaneous volunteers influence crisis and disaster relief efforts as both an effective aid and a stressing factor for emergency organisations. Managing the negative impacts of spontaneous volunteering has thus become part of command and control deliberations. In this paper, we take a closer look at integrating spontaneous volunteers into the formal response system to mitigate negative impacts. Working with participants from formal response organisations, we gathered qualitative data regarding the management of spontaneous volunteers during the European migration crisis in 2015. Through thematic analysis, we extracted topics to systematically describe the interaction between emergency organisations and spontaneous volunteers. As implication thereof, we propose how computer supported systems can be applied to better manage spontaneous volunteers. In our discussion, we focus on the registration process and ad hoc verification of spontaneous volunteers to better integrate them in the formal response process. |
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| Address |
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology;TU Wien | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Iscram | Place of Publication | Valencia, Spain | Editor | Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H. |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 978-84-09-10498-7 | Medium | |
| Track | T2- Command and control studies | Expedition | Conference | 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019) | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1866 | |||
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| Author | Menelaos Bakopoulos; Sofia Tsekeridou; Eri Giannaka; Zheng-Hua Tan; Ramjee Prasad | ||||
| Title | Command & control: Information merging, selective visualization and decision support for emergency handling | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Biometrics; Decision support systems; Flow visualization; Information management; Information systems; Local area networks; Personal digital assistants; Visualization; Command posts; Crisis management; Decision supports; First responders; Information merging; Video annotations; Wearable sensors; Merging | ||||
| Abstract | Emergency situations call for the timely collaboration and error free communication of first responder (FR) teams from their Command Posts (CP) and between themselves. First responder teams must form and adapt their plans and actions as a real-time critical situation unfolds. This paper presents an advanced Command Post application that manages a diversity of FR teams during an emergency. Data from biometric, fire and/or gas sensors in addition to received annotated videos from first responders on site, carrying personal digital assistants (PDAs), are simultaneously managed. The presented system provides properly configured access to and alert-dependent visualization of real time location, biometric, gas, fire and annotated video data from FRs in the field to allow for effective reaction and decision support from CP personnel. Additionally, the system forms an information management system for all necessary information to be quickly handy during emergency handling, such as FR information, critical infrastructure information, historical information, etc. This system has been validated through qualitative analysis in a field trial at the M30 tunnel in Madrid by participating end users. | ||||
| Address |
Athens Information Technology, Greece; Aalborg University, Denmark | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM | Place of Publication | Lisbon | Editor | M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 9789724922478 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 284 | |||
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| Author | Milica Stojmenovic; Cathy Dudek; Patrick Noonan; Bruce Tsuji; Devjani Sen; Gitte Lindgaard | ||||
| Title | Identifying user requirements for a CBRNE management system: A comparison of data analysis methods | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Artificial intelligence; Chemicals; Decision support systems; Information systems; Social networking (online); Biological; Content analysis; Explosive events; Observational method; Radiological; User requirements; Chemical analysis | ||||
| Abstract | The purpose of this paper was to identify an effective user-requirements data analysis method for informing the design of a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive (CBRNE) management decision support system. Data were collected from a large simulation involving medical, police, hazmat/firefighters and subjected to three different kinds of analysis methods: Social Network Analysis, Content Analysis, and Observational Analysis. While all three methods yielded valuable information, the observational method was by far the best for the present purpose. | ||||
| Address |
Carleton University, Canada | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM | Place of Publication | Lisbon | Editor | M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 9789724922478 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 977 | |||
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| Author | Björnqvist, A.; Brodin, W.; Friberg, M.; Berggren, P. | ||||
| Title | Identifying Teamwork Processes in a Medical Command and Control Team During the COVID-19 Pandemic | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2023 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 711-720 | ||
| Keywords | Teamwork; COVID-19; Crisis Response; Command and Control; Healthcare | ||||
| Abstract | This paper presents an ethnographic study consisting of non-participatory observations of a Swedish regional medical command and control team during their crisis response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The field-notes from the observations were analyzed using a deductive content analysis with categories representing teamwork processes. The content analysis showed that the studied regional medical command and control team was engaged in all but one of the predefined teamwork processes. Furthermore, the content analysis also added to the understanding of the regional medical command and control team’s work procedures by emphasizing how the team was engaged in the different processes. Lastly, the content analysis also made it possible to identify potential developmental needs of the studied regional medical command and control team. | ||||
| Address |
Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University; Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University; Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University; Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University; | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | University of Nebraska at Omaha | Place of Publication | Omaha, USA | Editor | Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Hosssein Baharmand | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | 1 | ||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | ||
| Notes | http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/NXFA1134 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ISCRAM @ idladmin @ | Serial | 2559 | ||
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| Author | Berggren, P.; Ryrberg, T.; Lindhagen, A.; Johansson, B. | ||||
| Title | Building capacity – conceptualizing Training of Trainers | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2023 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 701-710 | ||
| Keywords | Training of Trainers; Exercises; Learning; Capacity Building | ||||
| Abstract | Many organizations train and educate their staff to prepare for crisis. One approach is train-the-trainer (ToT; Training of trainers) concept. It is based on the idea that someone can be trained as a trainer, who in turn train their colleagues. The philosophy resembles a pyramid scheme that allows for a fast and efficient spread of knowledge and skills. This study focused on perceptions of the ToT concept through interviews with ToT trainers. Two learning theories, organizational learning (4I) and experiential learning theory (ELT) were used to conceptualize the ToT-concept. It was found that the ToT-concept can be used as the method to conduct ELT to achieve organizational learning and knowledge (4I). Furthermore, the study also presents how participants perceives ToT using thematic analysis. This resulted in four themes: Common understanding of ToT, Learn-by doing, No grounding in ToT, and Difficult to ensure quality. | ||||
| Address |
Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University; Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University; Center for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University; Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | University of Nebraska at Omaha | Place of Publication | Omaha, USA | Editor | Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Hosssein Baharmand | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | 1 | ||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | ||
| Notes | http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/ZCNU4149 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ISCRAM @ idladmin @ | Serial | 2558 | ||
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| Author | Fredrik Bergstrand | ||||
| Title | Sensemaking in command centre contexts | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Communication; Information technology; Risk management; Activists; Command centres; Design implications; Emergency management; Fire and rescue services; Participant observations; Protest; Sensemaking; Sweden; Information systems | ||||
| Abstract | This paper presents descriptive accounts from the work conducted at a Swedish fire and rescue service's command centre during a high risk protest. Sensemaking has been applied as a theoretical lens on the empirical data. Two specific episodes has been selected to demonstrate how the process of sensemaking is manifested in the context of the command centre. The paper also includes implications for design suggesting how information systems for this context should be designed to better support sensemaking. | ||||
| Address |
Department of Applied Information Technology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM | Place of Publication | Lisbon | Editor | M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 9789724922478 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 311 | |||
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| Author | Jonas Landgren | ||||
| Title | Critical aspects of early-phase response work and its consequences for digital event-log systems | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 | Abbreviated Journal | ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Information systems; Crisis response; Documentation systems; Ethnography; Event-logs; Fire and rescue services; Integrated activities; Interaction technology; Time-critical; Embedded systems | ||||
| Abstract | This paper reports from a study focusing on documentation practice in emergency and crisis response work. Specific focus is put on how information is produced and used in the time-critical setting of a situation room part of a command center at a local fire and rescue services. The study uncovers critical aspects of early-phase response work and its potential consequences for digital event-log systems for supporting documentation and reporting. The findings show that fundamental and important information are produced outside of the formal event-log based documentation systems and not as an embedded and integrated activity of using these systems. The analysis shows existing information technology in use lack important functionality in order to contribute to an event-log based system design as suggested in the DERMIS-framework. | ||||
| Address |
Department of Applied IT, University of Gothenburg, Sweden | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM | Place of Publication | Lisbon | Editor | M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 9789724922478 | Medium | |
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 672 | |||
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| Author | Rustenberg, K.; Radianti, J.; Gjøsæter, T. | ||||
| Title | Exploring Demons for the Establishment of Team Situational Awareness | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2023 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 636-648 | ||
| Keywords | Teams SA; Barriers of Team SA; Trust; Cynefin Framework; Information Sharing; Multi-Agency Collaboration; Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) | ||||
| Abstract | Individual situational awareness (SA) is crucial for building team SA, which is necessary for achieving a shared understanding of a situation, making informed decisions, and taking appropriate actions. This article examines the communication barriers that emerge when transitioning from individual to team SA in emergency management scenarios. We observed two emergency exercises on “ongoing life-threatening violence” and dam failure causing hospital congestion. The study was complemented with interviews with participants of these exercises, aiming at identifying barriers called SA-demons in the team setting. We discovered barriers that hinder the establishment of team SA, including a vicious cycle of mistrust, a fragmented information trap, a false feeling of mastery trap, and a decaying memory trap. These barriers can stem from individual, organizational, or technological factors. To complement existing SA theories, we applied the Cynefin framework and found that standard operating procedures can be potential barriers when transitioning into chaotic or complex domains. | ||||
| Address |
Department of Information Systems University of Agder | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | University of Nebraska at Omaha | Place of Publication | Omaha, USA | Editor | Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Hosssein Baharmand | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | 1 | ||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | ||
| Notes | http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/KHTP8020 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ISCRAM @ idladmin @ | Serial | 2553 | ||
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| Author | Radianti, J.; Pilemalm, S.; Steen-Tveit, K.; Rustenberg, K. | ||||
| Title | Enhancing Learning from Incidents by Reconstruction of Events: Using the SQUARE Tool for Evaluation | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2023 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 663-675 | ||
| Keywords | Learning from Incidents; Event Reconstruction-Based Evaluation; Tabletop Exercise | ||||
| Abstract | Evaluation after exercise and incidents—often called After Action Review or AAR—are important to enhance the emergency management (EM) response capability. However, evaluation supporttools for event reconstruction after incidents and exercises are not yet fully available. We engaged EM stakeholders in a tabletop exercise based on snow chaos and car accidents scenarios to evaluate a fully functional prototype. The tool assists information sharing in real-time and enhances debriefing process of any EM response and exercise. Analysis of reflective discussions and an open question survey shows that the EM participants consider the features of the prototype to facilitate better learning from incidents. However, they have different attitudes concerning the adoption, management, and application of the tool in organizations. For instance, more security features are required to comply with regulations. We argue that the tool is an important first step to fill the gap on the need for “event reconstruction-based evaluation.” | ||||
| Address |
Department of Information Systems, University of Agder | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | University of Nebraska at Omaha | Place of Publication | Omaha, USA | Editor | Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Hosssein Baharmand | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | 1 | ||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Track | Command and Control Studies | Expedition | Conference | ||
| Notes | http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/EQKP4179 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ISCRAM @ idladmin @ | Serial | 2555 | ||
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