| Records |
| Author |
Jonas Herkevall; Björn J E Johansson |
| Title |
Understanding Understanding at the Boundary of Inter-organizational Crisis Management – Perspectives from the Swedish COVID-19 Response |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2022 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
322-333 |
| Keywords |
Boundary-crossing Competence; Boundary Discourse; Systems Science; Complex Adaptive Systems; Constructivism |
| Abstract |
The objective of this paper is to understand understanding at the boundaries of inter-organizational crisis management – through different practitioner accounts of the Swedish COVID-19 response. Large-scale crisis management is challenging, as it demands cooperation across organizational boundaries. This paper presents an interview study conducted in Sweden during the COVID-19 response. Findings suggest that cooperative work at the inter-organizational boundaries depends on the ability to bridge discursive boundaries. From the perspective of an organization, this demands understanding of the rationale, values, constraints and capabilities of other organizations. Interviewees expressed frustration due to the time demands of establishing such an understanding. Despite time demands, establishing understanding was needed as the ability to conduct basic tasks such as sharing information and resources, and coordinating action emerge from that understanding. In this paper, it is suggested that new approaches to training that comprise general boundary-crossing skills be added to existing training and exercise programs. |
| Address |
Swedish Defence Research Agency; Swedish Defence Research Agency |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher  |
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Place of Publication |
Tarbes, France |
Editor |
Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-82-8427-099-9 |
Medium |
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| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2421 |
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| Author |
Anton Björnqvist; Marc Friberg; Carl-Oscar Jonson; Jenny Pettersson; Peter Berggren |
| Title |
An Analysis of a Swedish Medical Command and Control System’s Situation Reports from the COVID-19 Pandemic |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2022 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
334-348 |
| Keywords |
Information sharing; crisis management; situation reports; COVID-19; command and control |
| Abstract |
This paper presents an analysis of situation reports used and created by a crisis management team within the Swedish healthcare sector during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis was conducted through a deductive content analysis, where categories were identified based on the concepts of common operational pictures, sensemaking, and situation awareness. In the analysis, support for all identified categories was found. Based on the analysis and the concepts, future recommendations regarding what type of information that ought to be included in situation reports were created. These recommendations include, amongst others, the categories of consequences, how it is perceived by the public, objectives, status and implications of information, future scenarios, actions, resources, and work procedures. |
| Address |
Linköping University; Linköping University; Linköping University; Linköping University; Linköping University |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Tarbes, France |
Editor |
Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-82-8427-099-9 |
Medium |
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| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2422 |
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| Author |
Cendrella Chahine; François Peres; Thierry Vidal; Mohamad El Falou |
| Title |
Functional and Dysfunctional Modelling and Assessment of an Emergency Response Plan |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2022 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
363-375 |
| Keywords |
Crisis management; risk analysis; FMECA; BPMN; emergency response plan |
| Abstract |
The objective of crisis management is to limit the impact of a feared event that has occurred and to restore the conditions corresponding to a nominal situation. In this context, we will focus on emergency response plans for mass casualty crises. In this paper, we propose a functional modelling of the French generic emergency plan, ORSEC plan, using the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). On the basis of this representation, a dysfunctional analysis is performed from a new approach identifying Failure mode, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA), in order to better anticipate, the events likely to interrupt the intervention plan. This work will then be used in a multi-agent dynamic planning and scheduling model to allow an actor to choose among the dynamic planning approaches the one that allows him/her to reach his/her goal. |
| Address |
ULF Liban/LGP-ENIT |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Tarbes, France |
Editor |
Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-82-8427-099-9 |
Medium |
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| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2424 |
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| Author |
Viktor Sköld Gustafsson; Tobias Andersson Granberg; Sofie Pilemalm; Martin Waldemarsson |
| Title |
Managing Natural Hazards in Sweden – Needs for Improved Information and Decision Support Systems |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2022 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
376-384 |
| Keywords |
Emergency response; extreme weather events; command and control; needs analysis |
| Abstract |
This paper explores opportunities for information systems to support emergency response to multiple natural hazards. Interviews were conducted with 12 representatives from actors of the Swedish emergency response system about response to multiple natural hazards. Challenges and needs connected to five themes influencing the response effort were identified: Cooperation, Resource management, Command and control, Common operational picture, and Risk management. The results illuminate a lack of technology to support decisions and analyses during emergency response to both single and multiple natural hazards. Based on this, the paper suggests and discusses information systems and decision support tools to assist in satisfying the identified needs. The findings can inform policy makers in emergency response of where to concentrate the development of collaborative preparedness and response work, and the scientific community of future research directions. |
| Address |
Linköping University; University of Agder |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Tarbes, France |
Editor |
Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-82-8427-099-9 |
Medium |
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| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2425 |
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| Author |
Per-Anders Oskarsson; Niklas Hallberg; Johan Nordström; Magdalena Granåsen; Mari Olsén |
| Title |
Assessment of Collaborative Crisis Management Capability by Generic Questions |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2022 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
385-391 |
| Keywords |
Capability; crisis management; inter-organizational; validation |
| Abstract |
Societies need the ability to respond to crises such as terrorism, pandemics and natural disasters. Hence, it is essential to ensure that the capability of crisis management is attained, maintained, and developed. Since large crises cannot be handled by single organizations, collaborative crisis management capability is needed. The objective of this work was to provide support by an instrument for assessment of collaborative crisis management capability. The work was iteratively performed in a workgroup. The outcome was two templates with sets of generic questions, one for assessment of the actual capabilities and one for assessment of the preconditions of the capabilities. The templates mainly focus on assessment of collaborative crisis management capability. However, since the questions are generically formulated, they should be usable for assessments of any type of crisis management capability. |
| Address |
Swedish Defence Research Agency |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Tarbes, France |
Editor |
Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-82-8427-099-9 |
Medium |
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| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2426 |
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| Author |
Lennart Landsberg; Jörg Schmidt; Ompe Aimé Mudimu |
| Title |
Synthesising Comparisons to Develop a Generic Command and Control System |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2022 |
| Volume |
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Issue |
|
Pages |
392-403 |
| Keywords |
C2-System; command and control; process; comparison; evaluation |
| Abstract |
Large and small incidents challenge emergency services around the world. Regardless of the size of the incident, command and control (C2)-systems are used to manage the situation, allowing a rapid and coordinated intervention. As all implemented actions result from the outputs of C2-systems, they are a fundamental component of the response. That is why they must be highly reliable and efficient. A research initiative is therefore addressing the approach of evaluating C2-systems on a scenario basis and using key performance indicators (KPI). To ensure that the KPIs can be applied to any form of incident control, a generic C2-system was developed by comparing and merging six German- and English-language C2-systems as well as one international standard. With this step, a comprehensive and detailed C2-system was developed, which is presented in this paper. |
| Address |
TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Tarbes, France |
Editor |
Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-82-8427-099-9 |
Medium |
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| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
|
| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2427 |
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| Author |
Bas Lijnse |
| Title |
Modeling Real World Crisis Management Plans with C2Sketch |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2022 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
404-413 |
| Keywords |
Crisis Management Plans; Command and Control Systems; C2Sketch |
| Abstract |
When crisis management plans are described in natural language documents, they may contain logical inconsistencies or ambiguities that are not immediately apparent. To allow automated early detection of such errors, they need to be described in a well defined formalism. C2Sketch is a tool for modeling command and control systems that provides such a structure for formalizing (crisis management) plans. However, C2Sketch is in active development and to what extent real-world crisis management plans can be expressed in it is unknown. In this exploratory study the unstructured text of a small sample of publicly available regional-level crisis management plans was translated systematically into structured C2Sketch mission-plans to uncover limitations and opportunities for further development of the tool. The plans contained enough information to largely capture the networks of actors and their tasks therein, but did contain enough operational information to develop complete C2Sketch models from. |
| Address |
Netherlands Defence Academy |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Tarbes, France |
Editor |
Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-82-8427-099-9 |
Medium |
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| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2428 |
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| Author |
Pauline Tobergte; Alena Knispel; Lennart Landsberg; Ompe Aimé Mudimu |
| Title |
Evaluation of Tabletop Exercises in Emergency Response Research and Application in the Research Project SORTIE |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2022 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
415-427 |
| Keywords |
tabletop exercise; training; observation; evaluation; emergency services |
| Abstract |
This paper presents the fields of application of the tabletop exercise in emergency response by explaining the method in emergency response research. The authors illustrate the tabletop exercise of the Institute for Rescue Engineering and Civil Protection (IRG) of the TH Köln in a research project on Sensor Systems for Localization of Trapped Victims in Collapsed Infrastructure (acronym: SORTIE) as an application example. Subsequently, the quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods used generally and specifically for the tabletop exercise of the research project SORTIE are considered, and the technical implementation is explained. The evaluation method used in the tabletop exercise consists of three sub-areas (participant survey; exercise observation; photo, video and audio recordings). Further, the analysis of the evaluation using statistical tools is explained. Finally, this paper refers to possible sources of error in the evaluation of tabletop exercises, such as exercise artificiality and subjectivity of the exercise observers. |
| Address |
TH Köln |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Tarbes, France |
Editor |
Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-82-8427-099-9 |
Medium |
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| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2429 |
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| Author |
Stella Polikarpus; Tobias Ley; Hans Hazebroek; Graham Edgar; Geoffrey Sallis; Steven Baker; Anna Figueras Masip |
| Title |
Authoring Virtual Simulations to Measure Situation Awareness and Understanding |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2022 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
428-433 |
| Keywords |
situation awareness (SA); situation understanding (SU); FireFront; The Collaborative Authoring Process Model (CAPM) for Virtual Simulations (VS); actual situation awareness (ASA); actual situation understanding (ASU); perceived situation awareness (PSA) |
| Abstract |
Measuring situation awareness (SA) and situation understanding (SU) is an important topic for Command & Control research. Virtual simulations (VS) have been proposed as a suitable method for measuring SA/U, but, there is little research into how to build scenarios for VS so that SA/U can be measured reliably. In this study, we used two different VS scenarios and the Quantitative Analysis of Situation Awareness (QASA) method to measure, and provide feedback on, actual and perceived SA/U. Two VS scenarios were tested in Estonia with 36 trainees. The results of the different scenarios were compared to establish whether the scenario storylines and authoring process resulted in differences in SA or SU. We conclude that reliable assessment results were produced with both authoring processes, and further suggest that the Collaborative Authoring Process Model for Virtual Simulations (CAPM) be used for VS creation. |
| Address |
The Estonian Academy of Security Sciences; Tallinn University; Nederlands Instituut Publieke Veiligheid; University of Gloucestershire; Insitut de Seguretat Publica de Catalunya |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Tarbes, France |
Editor |
Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-82-8427-099-9 |
Medium |
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| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ISCRAM @ idladmin @ |
Serial |
2430 |
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| Author |
Jenny Marklund; Cecilia Hull Wiklund |
| Title |
Learning from C2 Situations in the Field – Identifying Lessons from a Major Forest Fire in Sweden |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Lessons Learned; Crisis Management; Forest Fire; C2; Sweden |
| Abstract |
In July 2014, Sweden?s full crisis response system engaged in a major operation as a small forest fire spun out of control, turning into the largest forest fire in Sweden in modern times. A number of investigations have been undertaken to understand the course of the fire and identify lessons for future crisis management. This paper presents one approach to identifying such lessons, the lessons learned process applied by the Swedish Armed Forces. The paper also highlights some of the major crisis response lessons from the fire, the most important being the failure to learn from lessons identified after previous forest fires. Results also show that the crisis response effort was negatively affected by a poor understanding of relevant actor?s competencies and resources, as well as lack of continuity in the initial chain of command, and identifies the need for national prioritization of resources at times of major crises. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1379 |
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| Author |
Christian Uhr; Björn J E Johansson; Jonas Landgren; Martin Holmberg; Fredrik Bynander; Samuel Koelega; Jiri Trnka |
| Title |
Once upon a time in Västmanland – the power of narratives or how the “truth” unfolds |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Case Study; Choice Of Methodology; Evaluation Of Direction And Coordination |
| Abstract |
In 2014 a small fire started in a forest in central Sweden. Within a few days it developed into the largest wildfire in Sweden in the last 50 years. As the scale of the fire increased, so did the need for direction and coordination of the resources engaged in the response operation. Both official investigators and the research community have studied the challenges and come up with recommendations for improvements of the Swedish crisis management system. All authors of this paper have been involved in such efforts. This paper is a result of us trying to formulate lessons learnt based on several written reports and official discussions. The development of the narratives constructed by individuals involved in the response, investigators and researchers is analyzed. We conclude that researchers need to pay attention to their own role in this development. Maybe there is a need for a game changer on the methodological side? |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1380 |
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| Author |
Valerie November; Laurence Creton-Cazanave |
| Title |
Inquiry in control rooms – an analysis through the lenses of space, time and practices |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Control Rooms; Space; Time; Action; Monitoring |
| Abstract |
In recent risk studies, some researchers have raised concerns regarding the focus on extraordinary events – sometimes called ?extreme paradigm? (Gaillard, 2007). Simultaneously, we are witnessing a growing interest in the more ?ordinary? situations that must be handled on a daily basis in order to avoid crises (Roux-Dufort 2007, Van Laere 2013). In an interdisciplinary perspective of sociology and geography, we have analysed five different control rooms (traffic safety, air traffic control, humanitarian coordination, weather forecasting and electrical supply). This transversal perspective has helped us consider control rooms as specific spatio-temporal devices, where ordinary practices aim as much at crisis avoidance as at crisis management. We conclude that it is important to broaden the analytical perspective of control rooms; to no longer regard them as the source of action but rather as one aspect of larger socio-technical monitoring devices. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1381 |
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| Author |
Peter Berggren; Björn JE Johansson; Ellen Ekström |
| Title |
Resilience through training – assessing cognition in teams |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Breakdowns in team cognition are accepted as an explanation for system collapses, especially in complex environments. In the nuclear industry, training for system collapses is a part of the job for control room teams. Such training focus both on improving skills required for recognising and solving disturbances and on improving team processes. This paper presents an approach to team training for nuclear power plant control room teams with the purpose of making the system more resilient by improving debriefing sessions through feedback on shared strategic understanding among team members. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1382 |
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| Author |
Andreas Lotter; Konrad Barth; Brauner Florian; Florian Steyer; Ompe Aime Mudimu; Alex Lechleuthner |
| Title |
Measurement of information flows in rescue exercises in the aftermath of the collapse of a building |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Collapsed Buildings; Information Flow; Table-Top Exercises; In-Field Exercises |
| Abstract |
Collapsed buildings are one of the most complex challenges for rescue forces. The large amount of incoming information in particular is a major challenge to handle for the involved forces. The Assessment of this information is necessary in order to be able to give reliable statements about the number of buried and missing victims. To improve the handling of the information, the authors have developed a method to measure information flow during rescue exercises after the collapse of a building. This method has been developed within VERVE, a research project subsidized by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). The method has been evaluated and tested through two exercises. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1383 |
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| |
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| |
| Author |
Bruno S. N.; Adriana S. Vivacqua; Marcos R.S. Borges |
| Title |
A Conceptual Architecture to handle the influx of information in Emergency Situations |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Emergency; Heterogeneous Information Sources; Information Integration; Collaboration; Visualization Of Information; Dashboards. |
| Abstract |
Emergency situations are characterized by their complexity and the heterogeneity of the available information. Emergency managers are frequently confronted with redundant or irrelevant information, causing the problem of information overload. Evidence of this problem was identified in an exploratory survey conducted in the Center for Integrated Command and Control of Rio de Janeiro (CICC-RJ). In this paper, we present a conceptual architecture that allows a user to handle this influx of information. From a set of available data, a manager can select those of interest, which can then be transformed and mapped into one or more views, and organized in a dashboard. The whole process is interactive, allowing the manager to redefine his/her dashboard as needed. In addition, we provide collaborative mechanisms, given that, at times, it is not possible for a single user to handle such large datasets alone. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1384 |
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| |
|
| |
| Author |
Nicoletta Baroutsi |
| Title |
Observing Sensemaking in C2: Performance Assessments in Multi-Organizational Crisis Response |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Emergency Response; Crisis; C2; Command & Control; Sensemaking; High Reliability Organizations; Dynamic Decision Making |
| Abstract |
A crisis can involve multiple organizations during high pressure events, and it is up to the Command & Control (C2) unit to provide direction and coordination for the response (Brehmer, 2006). Hard as this problem is, there is still no ?one-solution?. Dissimilar organizations with very different methods seem to be able to master the problem. This paper presents the initial development of a new evaluation method for C2 in the context of multi-organizational crisis response. The data is collected at an emergency water exercise series conducted in several cities in Sweden. Each exercise involves multiple agencies and organizations, with up to 76 participants from 15 unique organizations/units. The analysis is brief, but presents the possibility of observing Sensemaking as it unfolds, and that generic behavioral patterns can be found. The existence of generic and observable behavior patterns suggests the possibility of assessing, and maybe even quantifying, Sensemaking performance in C2. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1385 |
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| |
| Author |
Jonas Rybing; Johan Larsson; Carl-Oscar Jonson; Erik Prytz |
| Title |
Preliminary Validation Results of DigEmergo for Surge Capacity Management |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Simulator Validation; Between Group Analysis; Command And Control; Performance Measures; Emergency Medicine; Surge Capacity |
| Abstract |
This paper presents preliminary analysis from a validation study of a novel emergency medicine command and control training and evaluation simulator: DIGEMERGO®. The simulated emergency scenario was a surge capacity event at a generic emergency department, in which the participants took on a management role as the emergency department?s coordinating head nurse. A between group validation design with medical expert and novice participants was used. Initial analysis examined three triage measures associated with surge capacity management performance: time to triage, amount of patients triaged, and triage accuracy. The results show that experts were significantly more accurate at triaging in-hospital patients, but not incoming trauma patients. No significant differences in time or number of patients triaged was found. These initial results partially indicate simulator validity, but trauma patient triage accuracy suffered from a confounding variable in the triage system used. Analysis of additional measures is undergoing to further investigate validity claims. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1386 |
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| |
|
| |
| Author |
Fabio Ciravegna; Suvodeep Mazumdar; Neil Ireson; Peter Cudd |
| Title |
Seeing through the Eyes of the Citizens during Emergencies |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2016 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Mobile Camera; Emergency Response; Control Room Technologies |
| Abstract |
Availability and access to information is critical for providing a highly effective response to an ongoing event ? however, often information reported by citizens over the phone may be unclear, inaccurate, biased or subjective, based on the context of the reporter. This can often lead to inadequate response to an emergency, which can in turn result in loss of property or worse, lives. On the other hand, excessive response to an emergency can also result in a highly expensive exercise. Our solution to address this problem is to make the citizen act as a camera for the control room by exploiting the user?s mobile camera. The system is designed to provide a live view of the citizen?s immediate surroundings, while control room personnel can provide instructions. In this paper, we introduce the system and share initial insights from a focus group evaluation conducted within a separate but closely related domain. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro |
Place of Publication |
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
Editor |
A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3388 |
ISBN |
978-84-608-7984-9 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1387 |
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| |
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| |
| Author |
Jane Barnett; William Wong; David Westley; Rick Adderley; Michelle Smith |
| Title |
Startle points: A proposed framework for identifying situational cues, and developing realistic emergency training scenarios |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Information systems; Cognitive interview; Dynamic scenarios; Emergency scenario; Emergency training; Situation awareness; Startle points; Training simulation; Unexpected events; Decision making |
| Abstract |
Real-world crises are not prescriptive and may contain unexpected events, described here as startle points. Including these events in emergency training simulator scenarios is crucial in order to prepare for startle points that may arise in the real world. Startle points occur when individuals who assess and monitor emergency scenarios, are suddenly faced with an unexpected event, and are unsure how to proceed. This paper offers a non-empirical framework that explores how cues generated by startle points affect decision making. Future research will use the framework to explore how experts and novices experience, and then adapt to startle points, as a function of decision mode, situation awareness, and emotional arousal. The resulting data can then be used to identify cues surrounding startle points and as a consequence, create dynamic scenarios for online training simulators so that individuals can prepare and adapt to them, and transfer acquired skills to real-world emergencies. |
| Address |
Middlesex University, United Kingdom; A-E Solutions, United Kingdom |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
287 |
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| |
|
| |
| Author |
Menelaos Bakopoulos; Sofia Tsekeridou; Eri Giannaka; Zheng-Hua Tan; Ramjee Prasad |
| Title |
Command & control: Information merging, selective visualization and decision support for emergency handling |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Biometrics; Decision support systems; Flow visualization; Information management; Information systems; Local area networks; Personal digital assistants; Visualization; Command posts; Crisis management; Decision supports; First responders; Information merging; Video annotations; Wearable sensors; Merging |
| Abstract |
Emergency situations call for the timely collaboration and error free communication of first responder (FR) teams from their Command Posts (CP) and between themselves. First responder teams must form and adapt their plans and actions as a real-time critical situation unfolds. This paper presents an advanced Command Post application that manages a diversity of FR teams during an emergency. Data from biometric, fire and/or gas sensors in addition to received annotated videos from first responders on site, carrying personal digital assistants (PDAs), are simultaneously managed. The presented system provides properly configured access to and alert-dependent visualization of real time location, biometric, gas, fire and annotated video data from FRs in the field to allow for effective reaction and decision support from CP personnel. Additionally, the system forms an information management system for all necessary information to be quickly handy during emergency handling, such as FR information, critical infrastructure information, historical information, etc. This system has been validated through qualitative analysis in a field trial at the M30 tunnel in Madrid by participating end users. |
| Address |
Athens Information Technology, Greece; Aalborg University, Denmark |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
284 |
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| |
|
| |
| Author |
Fredrik Bergstrand |
| Title |
Sensemaking in command centre contexts |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Communication; Information technology; Risk management; Activists; Command centres; Design implications; Emergency management; Fire and rescue services; Participant observations; Protest; Sensemaking; Sweden; Information systems |
| Abstract |
This paper presents descriptive accounts from the work conducted at a Swedish fire and rescue service's command centre during a high risk protest. Sensemaking has been applied as a theoretical lens on the empirical data. Two specific episodes has been selected to demonstrate how the process of sensemaking is manifested in the context of the command centre. The paper also includes implications for design suggesting how information systems for this context should be designed to better support sensemaking. |
| Address |
Department of Applied Information Technology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
311 |
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| |
| Author |
Art Botterell; Martin Griss |
| Title |
Toward the next generation of emergency operations systems |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Information systems; Risk management; Business continuity; Common operating pictures; Contingency management; Emergency management; Emergency operations; Emergency operations centers; Incident command; Mobile command; Management information systems |
| Abstract |
For more than half a century the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) has been a key component of emergency management (EM), homeland security and business continuity practice. Changes in the technical, threat, economic and social environments are placing new pressures on the concept of the EOC in the public, private and community sectors. Investigation of the desirable attributes of a “Next Generation EOC” has led to alternative EOC roles and configurations. This paper describes emerging pressures on, and trends in, emergency and business contingency management systems, and describes a research program to explore solutions to both new and persistent design challenges. |
| Address |
Disaster Management Initiative, Carnegie Mellon Silicon Valley, United States |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
340 |
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| |
| Author |
Tim J. Grant |
| Title |
Combining information sharing and seeking in networked coalitions |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Commerce; Complex networks; Information systems; Military operations; Coalition; Information market; Information push; Network-enabled capabilities; Process Modeling; Information analysis |
| Abstract |
Coalitions are the rule in crisis management and military operations. Although the partners do not form part of an organizational hierarchy, they need to share information to find their place in the coalition, to prepare plans collaboratively, to synchronize their actions, to evaluate their achievements, and to negotiate changes in their relationships. Interviews of experienced military officers have shown that information sharing in coalitions is more complex than one-way information transmission. It has the characteristics of an information market in which security regulations give information a scarcity value, with both sources and recipients initiating action. The emerging literature on information markets includes few process models. The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical, four-stage process model for information sharing between coalition partners in the context of Network Enabled Capabilities. The model combines information sharing and seeking, integrates intelligence collection, and supports a range of market mechanisms. |
| Address |
Koningin Wilhelminastraat 13, 3405XP Benschop, Netherlands |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
545 |
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| Author |
Jonas Landgren |
| Title |
Critical aspects of early-phase response work and its consequences for digital event-log systems |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Information systems; Crisis response; Documentation systems; Ethnography; Event-logs; Fire and rescue services; Integrated activities; Interaction technology; Time-critical; Embedded systems |
| Abstract |
This paper reports from a study focusing on documentation practice in emergency and crisis response work. Specific focus is put on how information is produced and used in the time-critical setting of a situation room part of a command center at a local fire and rescue services. The study uncovers critical aspects of early-phase response work and its potential consequences for digital event-log systems for supporting documentation and reporting. The findings show that fundamental and important information are produced outside of the formal event-log based documentation systems and not as an embedded and integrated activity of using these systems. The analysis shows existing information technology in use lack important functionality in order to contribute to an event-log based system design as suggested in the DERMIS-framework. |
| Address |
Department of Applied IT, University of Gothenburg, Sweden |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
672 |
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| |
| Author |
Bas Lijnse; Jan Martin Jansen; Ruud Nanne; Rinus Plasmeijer |
| Title |
Capturing the Netherlands Coast Guard's SAR workflow with iTasks |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
Information systems; Management information systems; Work simplification; Coastguards; Crisis response operation; Functional languages; Search and rescue; Standard procedures; Workflow management systems; Workflow modelling; Workflow specification; Specifications |
| Abstract |
The dynamic nature of crisis response operations and the rigidity of workflow modelling languages are two things that do not go well together. A recent alternative approach to workflow management systems that allows for more flexibility is the iTask system. It uses an embedded functional language for the specification of workflow models that integrates control-flow with data-flow in dynamic data-dependent workflow specifications. Although there is a variety of publications about the iTask workflow definition language (WDL) and its implementation, its applications have been limited to academic toy examples. To explore the iTasks WDL for crisis response applications, we have developed an iTask specification of the Search And Rescue (SAR) workflow of the Netherlands Coast Guard. In this specification we capture the mix of standard procedures and creative improvisation of which a SAR operation exists. |
| Address |
Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands Defense Academy, Netherlands |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
| Track |
Command and Control Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
702 |
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