|   | 
Details
   web
Records
Author (up) Alexander Gabriel; Simon Schleiner; Florian Brauner; Florian Steyer; Verena Gellenbeck; Ompe Aimé Mudimu
Title Process modelling of physical and cyber terrorist attacks on networks of public transportation infrastructure Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 390-399
Keywords Cyber-attack; (counter-)terrorism; process modelling; decision support; critical infrastructure
Abstract Recent events have demonstrated the vulnerability of IT-systems of different companies, organisations or even governments to hacker attacks. Simultaneously, information technologies have become increasingly established and important for institutions of various branches. With respect to modern terrorism developments, cyber-attacks may be used to physically harm critical infrastructures. This leads to a new dimension of cyber-attacks called “terrorist cyber-attacks”. This research-in-progress paper aims to develop a process model for data acquisition and support of decision making that seeks to enhance the security of public transportation in the context of counterterrorism. Therefore, a generic process model for terrorist cyber-attacks – produced in the research project RE(H)STRAIN1 – is intro-duced as a basis for a decision support system (DSS). In the future, such models could improve the decision process by comparing the effectiveness of different security measures.
Address TH Koeln – University of Applied Sciences; University of Wuppertal
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Protection Models For Complex Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2028
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Alexander Staves; Harry Balderstone; Benjamin Green; Antonios Gouglidis; David Hutchison
Title A Framework to Support ICS Cyber Incident Response and Recovery Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 638-651
Keywords ICS; CNI; Cyber Incident; Guidance; Response and Recovery
Abstract During the past decade there has been a steady increase in cyber attacks targeting Critical National Infrastructure. In order to better protect against an ever-expanding threat landscape, governments, standards bodies, and a plethora of industry experts have produced relevant guidance for operators in response to incidents. However, in a context where safety, reliability, and availability are key, combined with the industrial nature of operational systems, advice on the right practice remains a challenge. This is further compounded by the volume of available guidance, raising questions on where operators should start, which guidance set should be followed, and how confidence in the adopted approach can be established. In this paper, an analysis of existing guidance with a focus on cyber incident response and recovery is provided. From this, a work in progress framework is posited, to better support operators in the development of response and recovery operations.
Address Lancaster University, UK; Lancaster University, UK; Lancaster University, UK; Lancaster University, UK; Lancaster University, UK
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-59 ISBN 2411-3445 Medium
Track Resilience in Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes a.staves@lancaster.ac.uk Approved no
Call Number Serial 2260
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Ana Rodríguez-Hoyos; José Estrada-Jiménez; David Rebollo-Monedero; Jordi Forné; Rubén Trapero Burgos; Antonio Álvarez Romero; Rodrigo Diaz Rodríguez
Title Anonymizing Cybersecurity Data in Critical Infrastructures: The CIPSEC Approach Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords privacy, critical infrastructures, data anonymization, CIPSEC, security logs
Abstract Cybersecurity logs are permanently generated by network devices to describe security incidents. With modern

computing technology, such logs can be exploited to counter threats in real time or before they gain a foothold.

To improve these capabilities, logs are usually shared with external entities. However, since cybersecurity logs

might contain sensitive data, serious privacy concerns arise, even more when critical infrastructures (CI), handling

strategic data, are involved.

We propose a tool to protect privacy by anonymizing sensitive data included in cybersecurity logs. We implement

anonymization mechanisms grouped through the definition of a privacy policy. We adapt said approach to the

context of the EU project CIPSEC that builds a unified security framework to orchestrate security products, thus

offering better protection to a group of CIs. Since this framework collects and processes security-related data from

multiple devices of CIs, our work is devoted to protecting privacy by integrating our anonymization approach.
Address Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, España;Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Quito, Ecuador;ATOS, Madrid, España
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T13 - Privacy Risk Management in Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1934
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Andreas Lotter; Florian Brauner; Alexander Gabriel; Frank Fiedrich; Stefan Martini
Title New Decision-Support Framework for Strengthening Disaster Resilience in Cross-Border Areas Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 412-419
Keywords Cross-border events; cross-border resilience; information management; interorganizational cooperation; disaster resilience
Abstract The improvement of disaster resilience in cross-border areas causes special challenges. Involved countries use different structures in their civil protection systems and have to work together facing more difficult conditions than in local incidents. Furthermore, in the past involved countries mainly worked individually and focused on the concerned areas in their territories regardless transnational activities. The project INCA will develop a resilience framework to support decision-makers. The framework will focus on information management, the implementation of volunteers and the needs of citizens who are receiving medical care. Therefore, a case study region on the German-French border was defined and a scenario-based approach will be used to investigate resilience opportunities through disaster collaboration. The tested scenario is a transnational long-lasting power-outage in the German-French region.
Address University of Wuppertal, Germany; TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Protection Models For Complex Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2030
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Andrew Marinik; Ludwig Gantner; Scott Fritz; Sean Smith
Title Developing Performance Metrics of an Emergency Notification System Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 663-668
Keywords Emergency Notification System, Early Warning System, Socio-Technical Systems Theory.
Abstract The use of emergency notification systems (ENS), or early warning systems, are not only common practice among Institutes of Higher Education (IHEs), but are required by law in the United States. The dramatic increase in use is matched by the increase in community expectation. This community expectation corresponding with societal shifts challenges Public Safety leaders to implement and maintain a broad and highly reliable ENS. Most Public Safety programs lack the internal resources to consistently assess system risk, reliability, and messaging validity of their ENS sufficient to match the required system performance. Virginia Tech Emergency Management is proposing an ENS evaluation system capable of supporting assessment of reliability and risk across the entire system through the lens of Socio-Technical Systems (STS) theory at a practitioner level. By organizing emergency notification/early warning systems through Human Subsystems, Technical Subsystems, and Task Design the practitioner can assess their system by performance and risk.
Address Virginia Tech Emergency Management; Virginia Tech Network Infrastructure & Services; Virginia Tech Division of Operations IT; Virginia Tech Police Department
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-61 ISBN 2411-3447 Medium
Track Resilience in Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes amarinik@vt.edu Approved no
Call Number Serial 2262
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Aurélie Congès; Frédérick Bénaben; Olivier Pierre; Francis Savic; Olivier Chabiron; Matthieu Lauras
Title On the usage of Virtual Reality for Crisis Management exercises in Critical Industrial Sites Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Virtual reality, training, coordination
Abstract EGCERSIS is a starting research program aiming at defining a virtual collaborative training space for crisis management. It should provide the users (first and second aid, firefighters, etc.) with a way to virtually perform operational and strategic tasks of crisis management in digital twins of critical infrastructures. The training system is structured according to four main components: (i) protocol and tools for digital twins generation, (ii) scenario editor dedicated to defining crisis use-cases within the modeled digital twins, (iii) integration with the technological crisis management platform (RIO-Suite), and (iv) monitoring component in charge of the continuous edition of dashboards (real-time and afterward). The main expected benefit of the EGCERSIS program is to create a breakthrough in the way training and exercises are performed in critical sites.
Address IMT Mines Albi, France;Immersive Factory;Report One
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1992
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Axel Dierich; Katerina Tzavella; Neysa Jacqueline Setiadi; Alexander Fekete; Florian Neisser
Title Enhanced Crisis-Preparation of Critical Infrastructures through a Participatory Qualitative-Quantitative Interdependency Analysis Approach Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Critical Infrastructure Protection, Interdependency, Resilience, Vulnerability, Cascading Effects, Emergency Management, Participatory Approach
Abstract Critical Infrastructure (CI) failures are aggravated by cascading effects due to interdependencies between

different infrastructure systems and with emergency management. Findings of the German, BMBF-funded

research project ?CIRMin? highlight needs for concrete assessments of such interdependencies. Driven by

challenges of limited data and knowledge accessibility, the developed approach integrates qualitative

information from expert interviews and discussions with quantitative, place-based analyses in three selected

German cities and an adjacent county.

This paper particularly discusses how the mixed methods approach has been operationalized. Based on

anonymized findings, it provides a comprehensive guidance to interdependency analysis, from survey and

categorization of system elements and interrelations, their possible mutual impacts, to zooming into selected

dependencies through GIS mapping. This facilitates reliably assessing the need for maintenance of critical

functionalities in crisis situations, available resources, auxiliary powers, and optimization of response time.
Address inter 3 Institute for Resource Management, Germany;Technische Hochschule Köln, Germany
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1883
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Benjamin Schooley; Abdullah Murad; Yousef Abed; Thomas Horan
Title A mHealth system for patient handover in emergency medical services Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 188-198
Keywords Emergency services; Hospitals; Mobile computing; Contextual constraints; Digital audio recordings; Emergency medical services; Hospital emergency departments; Information systems design theories; mHealth; Multimedia; Smart-phone applications; Information systems
Abstract This research uses multiple methods to investigate the use of an enterprise mobile multimedia information system aimed at improving handover of patient and emergency incident information from pre-hospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS) to hospital emergency department providers. A field study was conducted across EMS and hospital organizations in the Boise, Idaho region of the United States for three months to examine use of the system and to assess practitioner perspectives. Findings include perceived benefits and challenges to using digital audio recordings and digital pictures, captured using a smartphone application, for improving the timeliness, completeness, accuracy, convenience, and security of patient information for handover in EMS; limitations on how much data can be collected in the field due to a wide variety of contextual constraints; and a need to better understand the value of video within the EMS handover context.
Address University of South Carolina, United States; Claremont Graduate University, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Critical Infrastructurestructures Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 924
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Emir Dervisevic; Miralem Mehic
Title Overview of Quantum Key Distribution Technique within IPsec Architecture Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 391-403
Keywords Quantum key distribution (QKD), Internet Protocol security (IPsec), Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
Abstract Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method for secret key distribution which is secure against any future computational threat. In this paper we give an overview of existing solutions that integrate QKD method within the most popular architecture for establishing secure communication in modern IP (Internet Protocol) networks – IPsec (Internet Protocol security). The provided overview can be used to further design the integration of QKD within IPsec architecture striving for a standardized solution.
Address University of Sarajevo; University of Sarajevo
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track Enhancing Protection of Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes edervisevi1@etf.unsa.ba Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2341
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Franclin Foping; Ioannis M. Dokas
Title A saas-based early warning information fusion system for critical infrastructure safety Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 156-165
Keywords Critical infrastructures; Information fusion; Information systems; Public works; Software as a service (SaaS); Web services; Communications systems; Complex problems; Deployment models; Early Warning System; Prototype system; Republic of Ireland; Saas; Safety management systems; Information management
Abstract Maintaining the critical infrastructures, such as Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTP), transportation, power generation and communications systems, in a safe state is a complex problem. The effective collaboration, as well as the collection aggregation and dissemination of early warning information among the stakeholders of the Safety Management System (SMS) responsible for the safety of these critical infrastructures are some of the challenges that need to be addressed. This paper argues that the Software as a Service (SaaS) deployment model can offer new ways of enhancing the fusion of early warning information during the operation phase of critical infrastructures. It presents the requirements, the architecture and a number of features of a working prototype SaaS-based early warning information fusion system for DWTP safety issues in the Republic of Ireland. It is the first time that a SaaSbased working prototype system is reported of providing early warning information fusion services in the literature.
Address Cork Constraint Computation Centre, UCC, Cork, Ireland
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 501
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Han Che; Shuming Liu
Title Monitoring data identification for a water distribution system based on data self-recognition approach Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 166-170
Keywords Information systems; Random processes; Statistics; Water distribution systems; ARMA model; Autoregressive moving average model; Contamination events; Data identification; Outlier identification; Prediction confidence; Self-recognition; Water distribution networks; Monitoring
Abstract Detecting the occurrence of hydraulic accidents or contamination events in the shortest time has always been a significant but difficult task. The simple and efficient way is to identify the sudden changes or outliers hidden in the vast amounts of monitoring data produced minute by minute, which is unpractical for human. A new method, which employs a data self-recognition approach to achieve that automatically, has been proposed in this paper. The autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model was employed in this research to construct the self-recognition model. 56 months monitoring data from Changping water distribution network in Beijing, which was firstly cut into different time-slice series, was used to establish the ARMA model. This provided a prediction confidence interval in order to identify the outliers in the test data series. The results showed a good performance in outlier identification and the accuracy ranges from 90% to 95%.Thus, the ARMA model showed great potential in dealing with monitoring data and achieving the expected performance of data self-recognition technology.
Address Tsinghua University, China
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 387
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Larissa Aldehoff
Title Renouncing Privacy in Crisis Management? People's View on Social Media Monitoring and Surveillance Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Social Media, Privacy, Security, Crisis Management, Surveillance
Abstract Social media is used during crises and disasters by state authorities and citizens to communicate and provide, gain

and analyze information. Monitoring of platforms in such cases is both a well-established practice and a research

area. The question, whether people are willing to renounce privacy in social media during critical incidents, or

even allow surveillance in order to contribute to public security, remains unanswered. Our survey of 1,024 German

inhabitants is the first empirical study on people�s views on social media monitoring and surveillance in crisis

management. We find the willingness to share data during an imminent threat depends mostly on the type of data:

a majority (63% and 67%, respectively) would give access to addresses and telephone numbers, whereas the

willingness to share content of chats or telephone calls is significantly lower (27%). Our analysis reveals diverging

opinions among participants and some effects of sociodemographic variables on the acceptance of invasions into

privacy.
Address Technische Universität Darmstadt, Science and Technology for Peace and Security (PEASEC)
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T13 - Privacy Risk Management in Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1850
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Laura Petersen; Eva Horvath; Johan Sjöström
Title Evaluating Critical Infrastructure Resilience via Tolerance Triangles: Hungarian Highway pilot case study Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords critical infrastructure resilience, tolerance triangles, questionnaire, IMPROVER
Abstract While accepted as part of critical infrastructure (CI) resilience, no consensus exists on how to measure the exact

minimum level of service or the rapidity of rapidly restoring services. The H2020 European project IMPROVER

(Improved risk evaluation and implementation of resilience concepts to critical infrastructure) suggests to use the

public?s declared tolerance levels for both minimum level of service and rapidity of service restoration as criteria

with which to evaluate if the resilience of a given CI is resilient enough. This paper demonstrates the development

of a questionnaire-based methodology to determine public tolerance levels. It then tests this methodology via a

pilot case study at IMPROVER?s Hungarian Highway Living Lab. The paper argues that public tolerance levels

are a reasonable choice for resilience evaluation criteria and demonstrates that the questionnaire-based

methodology permits one to evaluate public perception in such a way as to compare it to technical resilience

analyses.
Address Euro-Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC);French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS);Magyar Közút Nonprofit Zrt;RISE Research Institutes of Sweden
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1868
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Petrenj, B.; Piraina, M.; Borghetti, F.; Marchionni, G.; Urbano, V.
Title Cross-border Digital Platform for Transport Critical Infrastructure Resilience: Functionalities and Use Case Type Conference Article
Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023
Volume Issue Pages 96-111
Keywords Critical Infrastructure; Cross-border; Information-sharing; Transport; ICT platform; Resilience; Use-case; Emergency management
Abstract The resilience of increasingly interdependent Critical Infrastructure (CI) systems hugely depends on the stakeholder organizations’ ability to exchange information and coordinate, while CI’s cross-border dimension further increases the complexity and challenges. This paper presents the progress in the Lombardy Region (Italy) and Canton Ticino (Switzerland) on the joint capacity to manage disruptive events involving transportation CI between the two countries. We present a cross-border digital platform (Critical Infrastructure Platform – PIC) and its main functionalities for improved cross-border risk and resilience management of CI. A use case, based on a scenario of an intense snowfall along the transboundary motorway impacting both countries, demonstrates how PIC advances the exchange of information, its visualization and analysis in real-time. The use case also shows the practical value of the digital platform and its potential to support the management of cross-border events (and their cascading events) that require the cooperation of Italian and Swiss actors.
Address Politecnico di Milano, School of Management; Politecnico di Milano, School of Management; Politecnico di Milano, Mobililty and Transport Laboratory; Politecnico di Milano, Mobililty and Transport Laboratory; Aria S.p.A., Lombardy Region
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1
ISSN ISBN Medium
Track Enhancing Protection of Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference
Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/OSFA3002 Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2510
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Sadeeb Ottenburger; Thomas Münzberg
Title An Approach for Analyzing the Impacts of Smart Grid Topologies on Critical Infrastructure Resilience Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 400-411
Keywords Smart Grids; Urban Resilience; Agent Based Simulation; Critical Infrastructure Protection; Decision Support
Abstract The generation and supply of electricity is currently about to undergo a fundamental transition that includes extensive development of smart grids. Smart grids are huge and complex networks consisting of a vast number of devices and entities which are connected with each other. This fact opens new variations of disruption scenarios which can increase the vulnerability of a power distribution network. However, the network topology of a smart grid has significant effects on urban resilience particularly referring to the adequate provision of vital services of critical infrastructures. An elaborated topology of smart grids can increase urban resilience. In this paper, we discuss the role of smart grids, give research impulses for examining diverse smart grid topologies and for evaluating their impacts on urban resilience by using an agent based simulation approach which considers smart grid topology as a model parameter.
Address Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Protection Models For Complex Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2029
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Sandra König
Title Choosing Ways to Increase Resilience in Critical Infrastructures Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Resilience, critical infrastructure, optimization
Abstract Increasing resilience is a core interest in critical infrastructure (CI) protection that involves many challenges. It is necessary to agree on a common understanding of resilience and identify potential strategies to improve it.

Once this is done, the question arises how to choose among these strategies. We propose to decide based on a game-theoretic framework that allows identification of optimal actions under various scenarios. This framework considers different threat scenarios as attacks to the CI and the identified strategies to improve resilience as defense strategies for the CI. Since the payoff of the game, namely the resilience of the CI, can hardly be measured with certainty we choose an extension of classical game theory that allows taking uncertainty into account and still finds provably optimal solutions. This approach is especially useful in a situation where we aim to optimize a quantity that is difficult to measure (such as resilience). The result of this analysis is two-fold: it identifies an optimal defense but also provides information about the resilience in the worst case. The approach is illustrated with a small example using a publicly available implementation.
Address Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1914
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Sandra König; Stefan Schauer
Title Cascading Threats in Critical Infrastructures with Control Systems Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Cascading failures, industrial control systems, critical infrastructures, hybrid situational awareness
Abstract Critical infrastructures (CIs) increase in complexity due to numerous dependencies on other CIs but also due to the ongoing digitalization in the industry sector. This yields an increased risk of failure of a single CI as the overall systems gets very fragile and sensitive to errors Failure of a single component may affect large parts of an infrastructure due to cascading effects. One way to support functionality of a CI is the use of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) that allow monitoring remote sites and controlling processes. However, this is an additional source for threats as recent cyber-attacks have shown. Further, the additional information for such cyber systems is often not efficiently combined with existing information on the physical infrastructure. We here propose a method to combine these two sources of information in order to estimate the impact of a security incident on CIs, taking into account cascading effects of threats. An implementation of the model allows simulation of the dynamics inside a CI and yields a record of the status of each asset of the CI. The way the assets change their states illustrates the consequences of an incident on the entire CI. Visualization of the results provides an overview on the situation of the entire CI at a certain point of time and a sequence of such visualization over an entire period of time illustrates the changes over time. The results from this analysis may be used to support security officers in analyzing the current (hybrid) state of their CI in case of an incident and thus increase the hybrid situational awareness.
Address Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1932
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Schönefeld, M.; Schütte, P.M.; Schulte, Y.; Fiedrich, F.
Title Critical infrastructure and crisis affected actor? Investigating the double role of municipal administrations Type Conference Article
Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023
Volume Issue Pages 88-95
Keywords Public Administration; Crisis Management; Critical Infrastructure; Empirical Research; Social Science
Abstract This WiPe article presents first insights from two German research projects (one ongoing, one completed) on the double role of municipal administrations in crisis management. The ongoing project examines the municipal crisis management during COVID-19, the completed one focused on the 2015/2016 refugee situation in Germany. While crisis management has previously rather been associated with “blue-light organizations”, these two circumstances rather called for a predominantly administrative crisis management. While adapting to this new role, administrations had to maintain key public services: They had to perform as crisis managers while maintaining their function as a critical infrastructure despite being affected themselves for several reasons. Since 2015, public administration in Germany has found itself in almost constant crisis management mode, giving opportunity to learn and to adjust self-perception. Based on empirical analyses of interview data we aim to discuss the following questions: How did the two roles influence each other in the situations mentioned? Has anything changed between these situations?
Address University of Wuppertal
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1
ISSN ISBN Medium
Track Enhancing Protection of Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference
Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/FKUD6689 Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2509
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Sindisiwe Magutshwa; Jaziar Radianti
Title A Qualitative Risk Identification Framework for Cyber-Physical-Social Systems Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 377-390
Keywords Cyber physical systems, Cyber physical Social Systems, risk, vulnerability, mission critical
Abstract As information and communication technologies, real-world physical systems, and people become interconnected in critical infrastructure, attention has shifted to the operations of Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPSS). CPSS are progressively integrated in core critical infrastructure organisational processes to achieve a combination of benefits. However, the high degree of integration of technology into human society and mission-critical processes leads to an increase in complexity and introduces novel risks and vulnerabilities. These novel constraints extend beyond what is known from previous cyber-physical and critical infrastructure systems studies and prompt the need for revised risk perception and identification methodologies. This paper aims to develop a novel qualitative risk identification framework that is used in the identification of risk and vulnerability in CPSS ecosystems deployed in critical infrastructure or mission-critical organisational processes. The framework emphasizes interactions between humans and the system making it possible to identify and under-stand how non-technical risk impacts the CPSS ecosystem.
Address University of Agder; University of Agder
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track Enhancing Protection of Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes sindisiwe.magutshwa@uia.no Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2340
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Stefan Schauer; Stefan Rass; Sandra König
Title Simulation-driven Risk Model for Interdependent Critical Infrastructures Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 404-415
Keywords risk model, risk assessment, interdependent critical infrastructures, cross-domain simulation
Abstract Critical infrastructures (CIs) in urban areas or municipalities have evolved into strongly interdependent and highly complex networks. To assess risks in this sophisticated environment, classical risk management approaches require extensions to reflect those interdependencies and include the consequences of cascading effects into the assessment. In this paper, we present a concept for a risk model specifically tailored to those requirements of interdependent CIs. We will show how the interdependencies can be reflected in the risk model in a generic way such that the dependencies among CIs on different levels of abstraction can be described. Furthermore, we will highlight how the simulation of cascading effects can be directly integrated to consistently represent the assessment of those effects in the risk model. In this way, the model supports municipalities' decision makers in improving their risk and resilience management of the CIs under their administration.
Address AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH; System Security Group, Department of Applied Informatics, Universitaet Klagenfurt; Austrian Institute of Technology
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track Enhancing Protection of Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes stefan.schauer@ait.ac.at Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2342
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Stefan Schauer; Stefan Rass; Sandra König; Klaus Steinnocher; Thomas Schaberreiter; Gerald Quirchmayr
Title Cross-Domain Risk Analysis to Strengthen City Resilience: the ODYSSEUS Approach Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 652-662
Keywords Risk Management; Cross-Domain Networks; Interdependencies; Stochastic Model; City Resilience; Critical Infrastructures
Abstract In this article, we want to present the concept for a risk management approach to assess the condition of critical infrastructure networks within metropolitan areas, their interdependencies among each other and the potential cascading effects. In contrast to existing solutions, this concept aims at providing a holistic view on the variety of interconnected networks within a city and the complex dependencies among them. Therefore, stochastic models and simulations are integrated into risk management to improve the assessment of cascading effects and support decision makers in crisis situations. This holistic view will allow risk managers at the city administration as well as emergency organizations to understand the full consequences of an incident and plan mitigation actions accordingly. Additionally, the approach will help to further strengthen the resilience of the entire city as well as the individual critical infrastructures in crisis situations.
Address AIT Austrian Institute of Technology; Alpen-Adria Universit\"at Klagenfurt; AIT Austrian Institute of Technology;AIT Austrian Institute of Technology;University of Vienna; University of Vienna
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-60 ISBN 2411-3446 Medium
Track Resilience in Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes stefan.schauer@ait.ac.at Approved no
Call Number Serial 2261
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Sung Pil Moon; Yikun Liu; Steven O. Entezari; Afarin Pirzadeh; Andrew Pappas; Mark Pfaff
Title Top health trends: An information visualization tool for awareness of local health trends Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 177-187
Keywords Automation; Decision support systems; Information analysis; Public health; Social networking (online); Automated process; Decision aids; Health trends; Information visualization; Intelligent information; Natural disasters; Situation awareness; Visualization technique; Information systems
Abstract We developed an intelligent information visualization tool to enable public health officials to detect healthrelated trends in any geographic area of interest, based on Twitter data. Monitoring emergent events such as natural disasters, disease outbreaks, and terrorism is vital for protecting public health. Our goal is to support situation awareness (SA) for personnel responsible for early detection and response to public health threats. To achieve this goal, our application identifies the most frequently tweeted illnesses in a ranked chart and map for a selected geographic area. Automated processes mine and filter health-related tweets, visualize changes in rankings over time, and present other keywords frequently associated with each illness. User-centered visualization techniques of monitoring, inspecting, exploring, comparing and forecasting supports all the three stages of SA. An evaluation conducted with experts in health-related domains provided significant insights about awareness of localized health trends and their practical use in their daily work.
Address Indiana University, IN, United States; MESH Coalition, IN, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 783
Share this record to Facebook
 

 
Author (up) Thomas Bernard; Mathias Braun; Olivier Piller; Denis Gilbert; Jochen Deuerlein; Andreas Korth; Reik Nitsche; Marie Maurel; Anne-Claire Sandraz; Fereshte Sedehizade; Jean-Marc Weber; Caty Werey
Title SMaRT-OnlineWDN: Online security management and reliability toolkit for water distribution networks Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 171-176
Keywords Computer simulation; Contamination; Decision support systems; Industrial management; Information systems; Runoff; Water quality; Water supply; Abnormal conditions; Online simulation; Operation and control; Sensor measurements; Source identification; Transport modeling; Water distribution networks; Water supply networks; Water distribution systems
Abstract Water distribution Networks (WDNs) are critical infrastructures that are exposed to deliberate or accidental contamination. Until now, no monitoring system is capable of protecting a WDN in real time. In the immediate future water service utilities that are installing water quantity and quality sensors in their networks will be producing a continuous and huge data stream for treating. The main objective of the project SMaRT-OnlineWDN is the development of an online security management toolkit for water distribution networks that is based on sensor measurements of water quality as well as water quantity and online simulation. Its field of application ranges from detection of deliberate contamination, including source identification and decision support for effective countermeasures, to improved operation and control of a WDN under normal and abnormal conditions.
Address Fraunhofer Institute IOSB, Germany; IRSTEA, France; 3S Consult GmbH, Germany; DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser, Germany; Veolia Environnement, France; Veolia Eau d'Ile de France, France; Berliner Wasserbetriebe, Germany; Communauté Urbaine de Strasbourg, Germany; Engees, France
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 313
Share this record to Facebook