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Author Jess Kropczynski; Rob Grace; Shane Halse; Doina Caragea; Cornelia Caragea; Andrea Tapia
Title Refining a Coding Scheme to Identify Actionable Information on Social Media Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Dispatch, Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), Social Media, Qualitative Coding.
Abstract This paper describes the use of a previously established qualitative coding scheme developed through a design workshop with public safety professionals, and applied the schema to social media data collecting during crises. The intention of applying this scheme to existing crisis datasets was to acquire training data for machine learning. Applying the coding scheme to social media data revealed that additional subcategories of the coding scheme are necessary to satisfy information requirements necessary to dispatch first responders to an incident. The coding scheme was refined and adapted into a set of instructions for qualitative coders on Amazon Mechanical Turk. The contribution of this work is a coding scheme that is more directly related to the information needs of public safety professionals. Implications of early results using the refined coding scheme are discussed in terms of proposed automated methods to identify actionable information for dispatch of first responders during emergency incidents.
Address Uiniversity of Cincinnati, United States of America;The Pennsylvania State University;Kansas State University;University of Illinois at Chicago
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1981
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Author Jidi Zhao; Linlin Wang
Title Research on Public Opinion Propagation in Micro-Blogging Based on Epidemic Models Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Mb-RP Model; Micro-Blogging; Public Opinion; Propagation Rules
Abstract Micro-blogging has become an important communication channel for public opinion topics with its own characteristics such as openness, timeliness and interactive and so on. Studying the propagation rules for public opinion topics in micro-blogging is important to monitor and understand Micro-blogging public opinion. In this paper, we study the spreading process of public opinion in micro-blogging, identify key elements in the process and propose an Mb-RP (Micro-blogging Read-Post) propagation model based on the traditional SIR (Susceptible- Infective-Recovered) epidemic model. Through statistical analysis of a case on Sina Weibo, we assign values to parameters in the model and conduct simulations. Simulation results show that the model established in this paper can well fit real data. Further study of the model indicates that, compared with the attention cycle and the average amount of readings per post, the forwarding rate has the most influence on Micro-blogging information propagation.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1402
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Author Peter A. Jongejan; Tim J. Grant
Title Social media in command & control: An extended framework Type Conference Article
Year 2012 Publication ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2012
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Communication; Information systems; Peer to peer networks; Basic theory; Crisis management; Dynamic environments; Network-enabled capabilities; Social media; Social software; Theoretical development; Work-in-progress; File editors
Abstract Our research is aimed at investigating whether social media has a role to play in military Command & Control. Since social media is peer-to-peer, it could facilitate Network-Enabled Capabilities. A useful theoretical development is Reuter, Marx, and Pipek's (2011) proposal of a two-by-two matrix for social software infrastructure. Their framework assumes one-way communication and monolithic organizations. However, to operate in a real-time, dynamic environment, crisis management organizations must close the decision-making loop. Moreover, they must be structured into an action part that handles the crisis on-site, and a control part that monitors and directs operations in real time. The purpose of this work-in-progress paper is to present our extension of Reuter et al's framework. The paper outlines Reuter et al's framework, summarises the basic theory of Command & Control, describes how we extended Reuter et al's framework, and outlines further research. © 2012 ISCRAM.
Address Netherlands Defence Academy, Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Simon Fraser University Place of Publication Vancouver, BC Editor L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780864913326 Medium
Track Social Media and Collaborative Systems Expedition Conference 9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 137
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Author Kenneth Joseph; Peter M. Landwehr; Kathleen M. Carley
Title An approach to selecting keywords to track on twitter during a disaster Type Conference Article
Year 2014 Publication ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2014
Volume Issue Pages 672-676
Keywords Data mining; Disasters; Information systems; Keyword searching; Novel methodology; Situational awareness; Social media; Twitter; Social networking (online)
Abstract Several studies on Twitter usage during disasters analyze tweets collected using ad-hoc keywords pre-defined by researchers. While recent efforts have worked to improve this methodology, open questions remain about which keywords can be used to uncover tweets contributing to situational awareness (SA) and the quality of tweets returned using different terms. Herein we consider a novel methodology for uncovering relevant keywords one can use to search for tweets containing situational awareness. We provide a description of the methodology and initial results which suggest our approach may lead to better keywords to use for keyword searching during disasters.
Address Carnegie Mellon University, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher The Pennsylvania State University Place of Publication University Park, PA Editor S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780692211946 Medium
Track Social Media in Crisis Response and Management Expedition Conference 11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 640
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Author Justin Michael Crow
Title Verifying Baselines for Crisis Event Information Classification on Twitter Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 670-687
Keywords Event-Detection, Social-Media, Crisis-Informatics, Word-Embeddings, CNN.
Abstract Social media are rich information sources during crisis events such as earthquakes and terrorist attacks. Despite myriad challenges, with the right tools, significant insight can be gained to assist emergency responders and related applications. However, most extant approaches are incomparable, using bespoke definitions, models, datasets and even evaluation metrics. Furthermore, it's rare that code, trained models, or exhaustive parametrisation details are openly available. Thus, even confirming self-reported performance is problematic; authoritatively determining state of the art (SOTA) is essentially impossible. Consequently, to begin addressing such endemic ambiguity, this paper makes 3 contributions: 1) replication and results confirmation of a leading technique; 2) testing straightforward modifications likely to improve performance; and 3) extension to a novel complimentary type of crisis-relevant information to demonstrate it's generalisability.
Address TAG-lab, University of Sussex
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-62 ISBN 2411-3448 Medium
Track Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes jmcrow@protonmail.com Approved no
Call Number Serial 2263
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Author Kamol Roy; MD Ashraf Ahmed; Samiul Hasan; Arif Mohaimin Sadri, P.D.
Title Dynamics of Crisis Communications in Social Media: Spatio-temporal and Text-based Comparative Analyses of Twitter Data from Hurricanes Irma and Michael Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 812-824
Keywords Social Media, Dynamic Topic Modeling, Irma, Michael, Disaster Management.
Abstract Social media platforms play critical roles in information dissemination, communication and co-ordination during different phases of natural disasters as it is crucial to know the type of crisis information being disseminated and user concerns. Large-scale Twitter data from hurricanes Irma (Sept. 2017) and Michael (Oct. 2018) are used here to understand the topic dynamics over time by applying the Dynamic Topic Model, followed by a comparative analyses of the differences in such dynamics for these two hurricane scenarios. We performed a spatio-temporal analyses of user activities with reference to the hurricane center location and wind speed. The findings of spatio-temporal analyses show that differences in hurricane path and the affected regions influence user participation and social media activity. Besides, topic dynamics reveals that situational awareness, disruptions, relief action are among the patterns common for both hurricanes; unlike topics such as hurricane evacuation and political situation that are scenario dependent.
Address Department of CECE University of Central Florida; Department of CECE University of Central Florida; Department of CECE University of Central Florida; Department of MDCM Florida International University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-72 ISBN 2411-3458 Medium
Track Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes roy.kamol@knights.ucf.edu Approved no
Call Number Serial 2273
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Author Kathleen Moore
Title The Tweet Before the Storm: Assessing Risk Communicator Social Media Engagement During the Prodromal Phase – A Work in Progress Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 705-714
Keywords Risk communication; crisis response; social media; Twitter
Abstract Social media during the prodromal phase of the crisis lifecycle is critically understudied in the academic literature, as is the understanding of the role of engagement in these mediums by crisis responders and managers in helping the public prepare for a crisis event. This study analyzed 2.8 million tweets captured prior to the landfall of Hurricane Sandy. Risk communicators were identified and their tweets assessed for characteristics in the strategic use of Twitter and their levels of engagement with the general public. This work in progress provides a foundation for a longitudinal studyanalyzing future crisis events and measuring the growth of expertise and engagement in social media by crisis communicators.
Address College of Integrated Sciences and Technology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2058
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Author Melissa M. Kelley; Bindu Tharian; Kimberley I. Shoaf
Title Delivering health messages using traditional and new media: Communication preferences of california residents during the 2009 H1N1 influenza outbreak Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2011
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Information systems; Viruses; Crisis management; H1n1; New media; Pandemic influenza; Risk communication; Surveys
Abstract In March 2009, a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus emerged from Mexico. The pandemic resulted in a surge of media attention in which a large volume of information was communicated via multiple sources and channels, both traditional and new. In order to better understand the publics perceptions and utilization of health information provided, California residents were surveyed using a mailed questionnaire. Results showed most respondents felt they had received enough information about the outbreak. The study also found participants preferred conventional communication sources, such as television and newspapers, over new media, such websites. Although, there were some statistically significant differences between information source usage by age as well as by education. Even though respondents reported using a variety of sources, as a whole, they were unsure of their accuracy, trustworthiness or usefulness. Further study is needed to understand if these results are representative of experiences in other states and countries.
Address University of California, Los Angeles, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Lisbon Editor M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789724922478 Medium
Track Social Media and Collaborative Systems Expedition Conference 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 647
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Author Kiran Zahra; Muhammad Imran; Frank O Ostermann
Title Understanding eyewitness reports on Twitter during disasters Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages 687-695
Keywords social media, disaster response, eyewitness accounts
Abstract Social media platforms such as Twitter provide convenient ways to share and consume important information during disasters and emergencies. Information from bystanders and eyewitnesses can be useful for law enforcement agencies and humanitarian organizations to get firsthand and credible information about an ongoing situation to gain situational awareness among other uses. However, identification of eyewitness reports on Twitter is challenging for many reasons. This work investigates the sources of tweets and classifies them into three types (i) direct eyewitnesses, (ii) indirect eyewitness, and (iii) vulnerable accounts. Moreover, we investigate various characteristics associated with each kind of eyewitness account. We observe that words related to perceptual senses (feeling, seeing, hearing) tend to be present in direct eyewitness messages, whereas emotions, thoughts, and prayers are more common in indirect witnesses. We believe these characteristics can help make more efficient computational methods and systems in the future for automatic identification of eyewitness accounts.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Social Media Studies CO - Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2142
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Author Kiran Zahra; Rahul Deb Das; Frank O. Ostermann; Ross S. Purves
Title Towards an Automated Information Extraction Model from Twitter Threads during Disasters Type Conference Article
Year 2022 Publication ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2022
Volume Issue Pages 637-653
Keywords Social media threads; Text summarization; Disasters; Lexicons; Information extraction models; Word embeddings
Abstract Social media plays a vital role as a communication source during large-scale disasters. The unstructured and informal nature of such short individual posts makes it difficult to extract useful information, often due to a lack of additional context. The potential of social media threads– sequences of posts– has not been explored as a source of adding context and more information to the initiating post. In this research, we explored Twitter threads as an information source and developed an information extraction model capable of extracting relevant information from threads posted during disasters. We used a crowdsourcing platform to determine whether a thread adds more information to the initial tweet and defined disaster-related information present in these threads into six themes– event reporting, location, time, intensity, casualty and damage reports, and help calls. For these themes, we created the respective thematic lexicons from WordNet. Moreover, we developed and compared four information extraction models trained on GloVe, word2vec, bag-of-words, and thematic bag-of-words to extract and summarize the most critical information from the threads. Our results reveal that 70 percent of all threads add information to the initiating post for various disaster-related themes. Furthermore, the thematic bag-of-words information extraction model outperforms the other algorithms and models for preserving the highest number of disaster-related themes.
Address University of Zurich; University of Zurich, IBM; University of Twente; University of Zurich
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Tarbes, France Editor Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-82-8427-099-9 Medium
Track Social Media for Crisis Management Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2444
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Author Lamsal, R.; Read, M.R.; Karunasekera, S.
Title A Twitter narrative of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia Type Conference Article
Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023
Volume Issue Pages 353-370
Keywords Crisis Informatics; Situational Awareness; Topic Modeling; Granger Causality; Network Analysis
Abstract Social media platforms contain abundant data that can provide comprehensive knowledge of historical and real-time events. During crisis events, the use of social media peaks, as people discuss what they have seen, heard, or felt. Previous studies confirm the usefulness of such socially generated discussions for the public, first responders, and decision-makers to gain a better understanding of events as they unfold at the ground level. This study performs an extensive analysis of COVID-19-related Twitter discussions generated in Australia between January 2020, and October 2022. We explore the Australian Twitterverse by employing state-of-the-art approaches from both supervised and unsupervised domains to perform network analysis, topic modeling, sentiment analysis, and causality analysis. As the presented results provide a comprehensive understanding of the Australian Twitterverse during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study aims to explore the discussion dynamics to aid the development of future automated information systems for epidemic/pandemic management.
Address The University of Melbourne
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1
ISSN ISBN Medium
Track Social Media for Crisis Management Expedition Conference
Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/GQED8281 Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2531
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Author Daniel E. Lane; Tracey L. O'Sullivan; Craig E. Kuziemsky; Fikret Berkes; Anthony Charles
Title A structured equation model of collaborative community response Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 906-911
Keywords Computer simulation; Decision theory; Information systems; Mathematical models; Risk analysis; Adaptation; C-change; Community collaboration; Community engagement; Emergency response; EnRiCH; Preparedness; Simulation; Structured equation modeling; Emergency services
Abstract This paper analyses the collaborative dynamic of community in response to urgent situations. Community emergencies arising from natural or man-induced threats are considered as exogenous events that stimulate community resources to be unified around the response, action, and recovery activities related to the emergency. A structured equation model is derived to depict the actions of the community system. The system is described in terms of its resources including the propensity to trigger community action and collaboration among diverse groups. The community is profiled with respect to its ability to respond. The system defines the trigger mechanisms that are considered to be the drivers of collaborative action. A simulation model is presented to enact the system emergencies, community profiles, and collaborative response. The results develop an improved understanding of conditions that engage community collaborative actions as illustrated by examples from community research in the EnRiCH and the C-Change community research projects.
Address Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Canada; Interdisciplinary Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada; Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Finance and Management Science, Saint Mary's University, Canada
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Social Media Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 677
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Author Laura Petersen; Laure Fallou; Grigore Havarneanu; Paul Reilly; Elisa Serafinelli; Rémy Bossu
Title November 2015 Paris Terrorist Attacks and Social Media Use: Preliminary Findings from Authorities, Critical Infrastructure Operators and Journalists Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages 629-638
Keywords Social media, crisis communication, situational awareness, Paris terrorist attacks, terrorism.
Abstract Crisis communication is a key component of an effective emergency response. Social media has evolved as a prominent crisis communication tool. This paper reports how social media was used by authorities, critical infrastructure operators and journalists during the terrorist attacks that hit Paris on 13th November 2015. A qualitative study was conducted between January and February 2017 employing semi-structured interviews with seven relevant stakeholders involved in this communication process. The preliminary critical thematic analysis revealed four main themes which are reported in the results section: (1) social media is used in crisis times; (2) authorities gained situational awareness via social media; (3) citizens used social media to help one another; and (4) communication procedures changed after these critical events. In conclusion, authorities, citizens and journalists all turned to social media during the attack, both for crisis communication and for increasing situational awareness.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2137
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Author Laura Petersen; Laure Fallou; Paul Reilly; Elisa Serafinelli
Title Public expectations of social media use by critical infrastructure operators in crisis communication Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 522-531
Keywords Social media; traditional media; crisis communication; critical infrastructure operators; public expectations
Abstract Previous research into the role of social media in crisis communication has tended to focus on how sites such as Twitter are used by emergency managers rather than other key stakeholders, such as critical infrastructure (CI) operators. This paper adds to this emergent field by empirically investigating public expectations of informatio provided by CI operators during crisis situations. It does so by drawing on key themes that emerged from a review of the literature on public expectations of disaster related information shared via social media, and presenting the results of an online questionnaire-based study of disaster-vulnerable communities in France, Norway, Portugal and Sweden. Results indicate that members of the public expect CI operators to provide disaster related information via traditional and social media and to respond to their queries on social media. CI operators should avail of the opportunities provided by social media to provide real-time information to disaster affected communities.
Address European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC); University of Sheffield
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2040
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Author Leon Derczynski; Kenny Meesters; Kalina Bontcheva; Diana Maynard
Title Helping Crisis Responders Find the Informative Needle in the Tweet Haystack Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2018
Volume Issue Pages 649-662
Keywords informativeness, twitter, social media, actionability, information filtering
Abstract Crisis responders are increasingly using social media, data and other digital sources of information to build a situational understanding of a crisis situation in order to design an effective response. However with the increased availability of such data, the challenge of identifying relevant information from it also increases. This paper presents a successful automatic approach to handling this problem. Messages are filtered for informativeness based on a definition of the concept drawn from prior research and crisis response experts. Informative messages are tagged for actionable data – for example, people in need, threats to rescue efforts, changes in environment, and so on. In all, eight categories of actionability are identified. The two components – informativeness and actionability classification – are packaged together as an openly-available tool called Emina (Emergent Informativeness and Actionability).
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Rochester Institute of Technology Place of Publication Rochester, NY (USA) Editor Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-0-692-12760-5 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2139
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Author Benedikt Ley; Volkmar Pipek; Tim Siebigteroth; Torben Wiedenhöefer
Title Retrieving and exchanging of information in inter- Organizational crisis management Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 812-822
Keywords Information retrieval; Information systems; Information technology; Crisis management; Ethnography; Information demand; Information exchanges; Information repositories; Inter-organizational; Interorganizational collaboration; Reference implementation; Information management
Abstract Information is the most valuable resource for coping and recovery work in crisis management. It is the foundation for coordination, collaboration and decision-making. However, several challenges face information retrieval, evaluation and exchange processes in inter-organizational crisis management. On the one hand, due to the dynamic nature of crisis situations, information demands are hardly predictable and change in the course of time. Moreover, inter-organizational issues like terminology issues, policy constrains or even the lack of awareness about information available are influencing factors and need to be considered in designing appropriate ICT. In this paper we report from an empirical study, where we had a closer look on information retrieval and exchange practices in scenarios of medium to large power outages in Germany on an interorganizational level. Derived from these results, we were able to present a reference implementation of an interorganizational information repository (IOIR) and report our findings from a related evaluation.
Address Institute for Information Systems, University of Siegen, Germany
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Social Media Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 689
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Author Linda Plotnick; Starr Roxanne Hiltz; Jane A. Kushma; Andrea Tapia
Title Red Tape: Attitudes and Issues Related to Use of Social Media by U.S. County-Level Emergency Managers Type Conference Article
Year 2015 Publication ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2015
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Crisis; Emergency Management; social media
Abstract Social media are ubiquitous in modern society. Among their uses are to provide real-time information during crisis. One might expect that emergency management agencies in the U.S. make use of social media extensively to disseminate and collect crisis information as that is where the information flows most freely and quickly; yet, these agencies are not fully exploiting the capabilities of social media. A survey of 241 U.S. emergency managers at the county level shows that only about half of these agencies use social media in any way as of 2014. Most do not have any formal policies to guide their use. Of those that do have formal policies, about one quarter actually forbid the use of social media. This study describes the barriers that impede use of social media by these emergency managers, and the ways in which they are currently used, and recommends steps to improve this use.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher University of Agder (UiA) Place of Publication Kristiansand, Norway Editor L. Palen; M. Buscher; T. Comes; A. Hughes
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9788271177881 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved yes
Call Number Serial 1225
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Author Linda Plotnick; Starr Roxanne Hiltz; Sukeshini Grandhi; Julie Dugdale
Title Real or Fake? User Behavior and Attitudes Related to Determining the Veracity of Social Media Posts Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018
Volume Issue Pages 439-449
Keywords Social media, trustworthiness, fake news
Abstract Citizens and Emergency Managers need to be able to distinguish “fake” (untrue) news posts from real news posts on social media during disasters. This paper is based on an online survey conducted in 2018 that produced 341 responses from invitations distributed via email and through Facebook. It explores to what extent and how citizens generally assess whether postings are “true” or “fake,” and describes indicators of the trustworthiness of content that users would like. The mean response on a semantic differential scale measuring how frequently users attempt to verify the news trustworthiness (a scale from 1-never to 5-always) was 3.37. The most frequent message characteristics citizens' use are grammar and the trustworthiness of the sender. Most respondents would find an indicator of trustworthiness helpful, with the most popular choice being a colored graphic. Limitations and implications for assessments of trustworthiness during disasters are discussed.
Address New Jersey Institute of Technology; Eastern Connecticut State University; New Jersey Institute of Technology; University of Grenoble
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 1665
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Author Lise Ann St. Denis; Amanda Lee Hughes; Jeremy Diaz; Kylen Solvik; Maxwell B. Joseph; Jennifer K. Balch
Title 'What I Need to Know is What I Don't Know!': Filtering Disaster Twitter Data for Information from Local Individuals Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 730-743
Keywords Crisis Informatics, Social Media, Emergency Management, Situational Awareness.
Abstract We report on the design, development, and evaluation of a user labeling framework for social media monitoring by emergency responders. By labeling Twitter user accounts based on behavior and content, this novel approach identifies tweets from accounts belonging to Individuals generating Personalized content and captures information that might otherwise be missed. We evaluate the framework using training data from the 2018 Camp, Woolsey, and Hill fires. Approximately 30% of the Individual-Personalized tweets contain first-hand information, providing a rich stream of content for social media monitoring. Because it can quickly eliminate most redundant tweets, this framework could be a critical first step in an end-to-end information extraction pipeline. It may also generalize more easily for new disaster events since it relies on general user account attributes rather than tweet content. We conclude with next steps for refining and evaluating our framework in near real-time during a disaster response.
Address CIRES, Earth Lab, University of Colorado, Boulder; Crisis Informatics Lab Brigham Young University; Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, Department of Geography, Penn State University; CIRES, Earth Lab, Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder; CIRES, Earth Lab, University of Colorado, Boulder; CIRES, Earth Lab, Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-66 ISBN 2411-3452 Medium
Track Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Lise.St.Denis@Colorado.edu Approved no
Call Number Serial 2267
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Author Liuqing Li; Edward A. Fox
Title Understanding patterns and mood changes through tweets about disasters Type Conference Article
Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Disaster, Pattern, User Classification, Mood Detection, Twitter
Abstract We analyzed a sample of large tweet collections gathered since 2011, to expand understanding about tweeting

patterns and emotional responses of different types of tweeters regarding disasters. We selected three examples for

each of four disaster types: school shooting, bombing, earthquake, and hurricane. For each collection, we deployed

our novel model TwiRole for user classification, and an existing deep learning model for mood detection. We

found differences in the daily tweet count patterns, between the different types of events. Likewise, there were

different average scores and patterns of moods (fear, sadness, surprise), both between types of events, and between

events of the same type. Further, regarding surprise and fear, there were differences among roles of tweeters. These

results suggest the value of further exploration as well as hypothesis testing with our hundreds of event and trend

related tweet collections, considering indications in those that reflect emotional responses to disasters.
Address Virginia Tech, United States of America
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium
Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1863
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Author Liuqing Li; Edward A. Fox
Title Disaster Response Patterns across Different User Groups on Twitter: A Case Study during Hurricane Dorian Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 838-848
Keywords Hurricane, Response, Pattern, User Classification, Twitter
Abstract We conducted a case study analysis of disaster response patterns across different user groups during Hurricane Dorian in 2019. We built a tweet collection about the hurricane, covering a two week period. We divided Twitter users into two groups: brand/organization or individual. We found a significant difference in response patterns between the groups. Brand users increasingly participated as the disaster unfolded, and they posted more tweets than individual users on average. Regarding emotions, brand users posted more tweets with joy and surprise, while individual users posted more tweets with sadness. Fear was a common emotion between the two groups. Further, both groups used different types of hashtags and words in their tweets. Some distinct patterns were also discovered in their concerns on specific topics. These results suggest the value of further exploration with more tweet collections, considering the behavior of different user groups during disasters.
Address Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech; Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-74 ISBN 2411-3460 Medium
Track Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes liuqing@vt.edu Approved no
Call Number Serial 2275
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Author Lívia Castro Degrossi; João Porto de Albuquerque; Roberto dos Santos Rocha; Alexander Zipf
Title A Framework of Quality Assessment Methods for Crowdsourced Geographic Information: a Systematic Literature Review Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 532-545
Keywords Volunteered Geographic Information; VGI; Crowdsourced Geographic Information; Quality Assessment; Systematic Literature Review
Abstract Crowdsourced Geographic Information (CGI) has emerged as a potential source of geographic information in different application domains. Despite the advantages associated with it, this information lacks quality assurance, since it is provided by different people. Therefore, several authors have started investigating different methods to assess the quality of CGI. Some of the existing methods have been summarized in different classification scheme. However, there is not an overview of the methods employed to assess the quality of CGI in the absence of authoritative data. On the basis of a systematic literature review, we found 13 methods that can be employed to this end.
Address Department of Computer Systems University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil; Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; GIScience Research Group, Heidelberg University, Germany
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2041
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Author Long, Z.; McCreadiem, R.; Imran, M.
Title CrisisViT: A Robust Vision Transformer for Crisis Image Classification Type Conference Article
Year 2023 Publication Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2023
Volume Issue Pages 309-319
Keywords Social Media Classification; Crisis Management; Deep Learning; Vision Transformers; Supervised Learning
Abstract In times of emergency, crisis response agencies need to quickly and accurately assess the situation on the ground in order to deploy relevant services and resources. However, authorities often have to make decisions based on limited information, as data on affected regions can be scarce until local response services can provide first-hand reports. Fortunately, the widespread availability of smartphones with high-quality cameras has made citizen journalism through social media a valuable source of information for crisis responders. However, analyzing the large volume of images posted by citizens requires more time and effort than is typically available. To address this issue, this paper proposes the use of state-of-the-art deep neural models for automatic image classification/tagging, specifically by adapting transformer-based architectures for crisis image classification (CrisisViT). We leverage the new Incidents1M crisis image dataset to develop a range of new transformer-based image classification models. Through experimentation over the standard Crisis image benchmark dataset, we demonstrate that the CrisisViT models significantly outperform previous approaches in emergency type, image relevance, humanitarian category, and damage severity classification. Additionally, we show that the new Incidents1M dataset can further augment the CrisisViT models resulting in an additional 1.25% absolute accuracy gain.
Address University of Glasgow
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher University of Nebraska at Omaha Place of Publication Omaha, USA Editor Jaziar Radianti; Ioannis Dokas; Nicolas Lalone; Deepak Khazanchi
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Hosssein Baharmand Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition 1
ISSN ISBN Medium
Track Social Media for Crisis Management Expedition Conference
Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.59297/SDSM9194 Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2528
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Author Louis Ngamassi; Thiagarajan Ramakrishnan; Shahedur Rahman
Title Examining the Role of Social Media in Disaster Management from an Attribution Theory Perspective Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Attribution Theory; Social Media; Disaster Management; Disaster Management Phases
Abstract This paper is related to the use of social media for disaster management by humanitarian organizations. The past decade has seen a significant increase in the use of social media to manage humanitarian disasters. It seems, however, that it has still not been used to its full potential. In this paper, we examine the use of social media in disaster management through the lens of Attribution Theory. Attribution Theory posits that people look for the causes of events, especially unexpected and negative events. The two major characteristics of disasters are that they are unexpected and have negative outcomes/impacts. Thus, Attribution Theory may be a good fit for explaining social media adoption patterns by emergency managers. We propose a model, based on Attribution Theory, which is designed to understand the use of social media during the mitigation and preparedness phases of disaster management. We also discuss the theoretical contributions and some practical implications. This study is still in its nascent stage and is research in progress.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1399
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Author Lucia Castro Herrera
Title Configuring Social Media Listening Practices in Crisis Management Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 640-654
Keywords Social media listening, Practice, Improvisation, Crisis management strategy, Configuration
Abstract Social media listening practices are increasingly adopted in crisis management and have become an object of interest for researchers and practitioners alike. This article analyzes how these enactments have been studied in the academic literature. Through a systematic review of the available body of knowledge, features from studies involving depictions of practice were extracted, analyzed, and turned into a narrative using an inductive approach. Strategies of improvisation, overreliance on personal and professional networks, manual work, spontaneous coordination, and re-assigning tasks represent the main findings in the multidisciplinary literature. This article is a consolidated overview of experiences from social media listening in practice beyond listing the benefits of social media as a source of information. Moreover, the paper sets the basis for future studies on the range of possible configurations and institutionalization of disruptive crisis management practices.
Address Universitetet i Agder
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilience Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes lucia.c.herrera@uia.no Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2361
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