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Author Ryo Otaka; Osamu Uchida; Keisuke Utsu pdf  openurl
  Title Prototype of Notification and Status Monitoring System Using LINE Smartphone Application to Support Local Communities Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 450-458  
  Keywords Care, Application, Social media  
  Abstract Japanese society is aging rapidly, so an increasing number of households currently consists of only elderly single people or couples. We propose a system that uses LINE (a mobile communication application) for sending notices containing information from local governments to elderly or physically disabled people, as well as for efficient monitoring by local governments and social workers of the health conditions and statuses of such people. Our system can be used by anyone who has a smartphone with LINE installed. We have also conducted an operational test of a prototype of our system.  
  Address Tokai University; Tokai University; Tokai University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication (up) Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1659  
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Author Shuji Nishikawa; Osamu Uchida; Keisuke Utsu pdf  openurl
  Title Introduction of a Tracking Map to a Web Application for Location Recording and Rescue Request Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 459-468  
  Keywords Location information, Rescue request, Disaster  
  Abstract We developed a web application for location recording and rescue request using Twitter (T-Pl@ce). This application helps supported users (e.g., older adults, persons with disabilities, and children) who require support to share their location coordinates via Twitter. Supporting users (e.g., families, relatives, or neighbors) of the supported user can then check the location coordinates of the supported user when required. When the supported user needs to be rescued, he/she can post a rescue request on Twitter by pressing the “Rescue request” button on the application. In this study, we introduce the e-mail notification function to reliably notify a rescue request to the system administrator. In addition, to track the location of the supported user, we introduce a location tracking function. Then, the administrator, the emergency assistance employees (e.g., rescue experts or social workers), or the supporting user can refer to the request and the location tracking page and execute the support and rescue activities.  
  Address Tokai University; Tokai University; Tokai University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication (up) Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1660  
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Author Linda Plotnick; Starr Roxanne Hiltz; Sukeshini Grandhi; Julie Dugdale pdf  openurl
  Title Real or Fake? User Behavior and Attitudes Related to Determining the Veracity of Social Media Posts Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 439-449  
  Keywords Social media, trustworthiness, fake news  
  Abstract Citizens and Emergency Managers need to be able to distinguish “fake” (untrue) news posts from real news posts on social media during disasters. This paper is based on an online survey conducted in 2018 that produced 341 responses from invitations distributed via email and through Facebook. It explores to what extent and how citizens generally assess whether postings are “true” or “fake,” and describes indicators of the trustworthiness of content that users would like. The mean response on a semantic differential scale measuring how frequently users attempt to verify the news trustworthiness (a scale from 1-never to 5-always) was 3.37. The most frequent message characteristics citizens' use are grammar and the trustworthiness of the sender. Most respondents would find an indicator of trustworthiness helpful, with the most popular choice being a colored graphic. Limitations and implications for assessments of trustworthiness during disasters are discussed.  
  Address New Jersey Institute of Technology; Eastern Connecticut State University; New Jersey Institute of Technology; University of Grenoble  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication (up) Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 1665  
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Author Jess Kropczynski; Rob Grace; Julien Coche; Shane Halse; Eric Obeysekare; Aurélie Montarnal; Frederick Bénaben; Andrea Tapia pdf  openurl
  Title Identifying Actionable Information on Social Media for Emergency Dispatch Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 428-438  
  Keywords Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), Social Media, Qualitative Coding  
  Abstract Crisis informatics researchers have taken great interest in methods to identify information relevant to crisis events posted by digital bystanders on social media. This work codifies the information needs of emergency dispatchers and first responders as a method to identify actionable information on social media. Through a design workshop with public safety professionals at a Public-Safety Answering Point (PSAP) in the United States, we develop a set of information requirements that must be satisfied to dispatch first responders and meet their immediate situational awareness needs. We then present a manual coding scheme to identify information satisfying these requirements in social media posts and apply this scheme to fictitious tweets professionals propose as actionable information to better assess ways that this information may be communicated. Finally, we propose automated methods from previous literature in the field that can be used to implement these methods in the future.  
  Address University of Cincinnati; The Pennsylvania State University; coles des Mines d'Albi Carmaux; The Pennsylvania State University; The Pennsylvania State University; coles des Mines d'Albi Carmaux; The Pennsylvania State University; coles des Mines d'Albi Carmaux  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication (up) Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1672  
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Author Marta Poblet Balcell; Stan Karanasios; Vanessa Cooper pdf  openurl
  Title Look after Your Neighbours: Social Media and Vulnerable Groups during Extreme Weather Events Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 408-415  
  Keywords Social media, vulnerable populations, extreme weather events, emergency management organisations  
  Abstract Emergency management organisations across the world routinely use social media to reach out populations for preparedness and response to extreme weather events. In this paper we present a preliminary analysis of social media strategies towards vulnerable populations in the State of Victoria (Australia). Using the notion of vulnerability in an emergency management context (e.g. older persons, socially/geographically isolated persons, people with disabilities, refugee/recent migrant communities) we explore whether and how organisations address vulnerable groups with targeted messages. Our initial findings suggest that organisations do not tend to interact directly with these groups. Rather, reliance on 'information brokers' (intermediary organisations and individuals with an expected duty of care) seems to be a preferred strategy.  
  Address RMIT University; RMIT University; RMIT University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication (up) Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1679  
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Author Maryam Shahbazi; Christian Ehnis; Majid Shahbazi; Deborah Bunker pdf  openurl
  Title Tweeting from the Shadows: Social Media Convergence Behaviour During the 2017 Iran-Iraq Earthquake Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 416-427  
  Keywords Social Media Crisis Communication, Convergence Behaviour, Earthquake, Natural Disaster  
  Abstract Official policies, socioeconomic and demographic factors influence how individuals cope with, and respond to natural disasters. Understanding the impact of these factors in social media crisis communications studies is difficult. This paper focuses on convergence behaviour during social media crisis communication in an environment where the access to commercial social media platforms is highly restricted. This study is designed as a case which analyses 41,745 Tweets communicated during an earthquake event and for the two weeks after. This research aims to understand how different communities use social media services for communication during extreme events. The content of the Tweets shows users' attitudes toward government policies as well as the social difficulties of ethnic groups reflecting on the use of social media in crises communication. The results indicate a “political effect” on this online crisis communication. This behaviour was not expected and has been underreported in the current body of knowledge.  
  Address The University of Sydney; The University of Sydney; Azad University; The University of Sydney  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication (up) Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1682  
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Author Briony Gray; Mark Weal; David Martin pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Building Resilience in Small Island Developing States: Social Media during the 2017 Atlantic Hurricane Season Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 469-479  
  Keywords Social Media, Hurricanes, Resiliency, Community Engagement, SIDS  
  Abstract There are growing concerns that future Atlantic hurricane seasons will be severe and unpredictable due to underlying factors such as climate change. The 2017 season may offer a range of lessons, especially to small island developing states (SIDS), who are looking to build community resilience and heighten community engagement to cope with disaster. While many SIDS utilise a range of media and technology for these purposes, there has been a recent uptake in the use of social media, which may have further potential to support their goals. This paper scopes the use and users of social media in the case of Antigua and Barbuda during the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. Through a series of qualitative interviews it explains the role that social media currently has, and concludes with suggestions for its improvement in future seasons that are contextualized over the disaster lifecycle phases.  
  Address University of Southampton; University of Southampton; University of Southampton  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication (up) Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-0-473-45447-0 Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition Conference ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience - 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific  
  Notes bjg1g11@soton.ac.uk Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1688  
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Author Hongmin Li; Xukun Li; Doina Caragea; Cornelia Caragea pdf  openurl
  Title Comparison of Word Embeddings and Sentence Encodings for Generalized Representations in Crisis Tweet Classifications Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM Asia Pacific 2018: Innovating for Resilience – 1st International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Asia Pacific. Abbreviated Journal Iscram Ap 2018  
  Volume Issue Pages 480-493  
  Keywords Word Embeddings, Sentence Encodings, Reduced Tweet Representation, Crisis Tweet Classification  
  Abstract Many machine learning and natural language processing techniques, including supervised and domain adaptation algorithms, have been proposed and studied in the context of filtering crisis tweets. However, applying these approaches in real-time is still challenging because of time-critical requirements of emergency response operations and also diversities and unique characteristics of emergency events. In this paper, we explore the idea of building “generalized” classifiers for filtering crisis tweets that can be pre-trained, and are thus ready to use in real-time, while generalizing well on future disasters/crises data. We propose to achieve this using simple feature based adaptation with tweet representations based on word embeddings and also sentence-level embeddings, representations which do not rely on unlabeled data to achieve domain adaptations and can be easily implemented. Given that there are different types of word/sentence embeddings that are widely used, we propose to compare them to get a general idea about which type works better with crisis tweets classification tasks. Our experimental results show that GloVe embeddings in general work better with the datasets used in our evaluation, and that the supervised algorithms used in our experiments benefit from GloVe embeddings trained specifically on crisis data. Furthermore, our experimental results show that following GloVe, the sentence embeddings have great potential in crisis tweet tasks.  
  Address Kansas State University; Kansas State University; Kansas State University; Kansas State University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Massey Univeristy Place of Publication (up) Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Editor Kristin Stock; Deborah Bunker  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media and Community Engagement Supporting Resilience Building Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1689  
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Author Sofia Eleni Spatharioti; Rebecca Govoni; Jennifer S. Carrera; Sara Wylie; Seth Cooper pdf  openurl
  Title A Required Work Payment Scheme for Crowdsourced Disaster Response: Worker Performance and Motivations Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Iformation Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 475-488  
  Keywords crowdsourcing; Amazon Mechanical Turk; payment; motivation; required work  
  Abstract Crowdsourcing is an increasingly popular approach for processing data in response to disasters. While volunteer crowdsourcing may suÿce for high-profile disasters, paid crowdsourcing may be necessary to recruit workers for less prominent events. Thus, understanding the impact of payment schemes on worker behavior and motivation may improve outcomes. In this work, we presented workers recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk with a disaster response task in which they could provide a variable number of image ratings. We paid workers a fixed amount to provide a minimum number of image ratings, allowing them to voluntarily provide more if desired; this allowed us to examine the impact of dierent amounts of required work. We found that requiring no ratings resulted in workers voluntary completing more work, and being more likely to indicate motivation related to interest on a post survey, than when small numbers of ratings were required. This is consistent with the motivational crowding-out eect, even in paid crowdsourcing. We additionally found that providing feedback on progress positively impacted the amount of work done.  
  Address Northeastern University; Michigan State University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2036  
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Author Sofia Eleni Spatharioti; Seth Cooper pdf  openurl
  Title On Variety, Complexity, and Engagement in Crowdsourced Disaster Response Tasks Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 489-498  
  Keywords crowdsourcing; Amazon Mechanical Turk; variety; complexity; engagement  
  Abstract Crowdsourcing is used to enlist workers as a resource for a variety of applications, including disaster response. However, simple tasks such as image labeling often feel monotonous and lead to worker disengagement. This provides a challenge for designing successful crowdsourcing systems. Existing research in the design of work indicates that task variety is a key factor in worker motivation. Therefore, we asked Amazon Mechanical Turk workers to complete a series of disaster response related subtasks, consisting of either image labeling or locating photographed areas on a map. We varied the frequency at which workers encountered the dierent subtask types, and found that switching subtask type at dierent frequencies impacted measures of worker engagement. This indicates that a certain amount of variety in subtasks may engage crowdsourcing workers better than uniform subtask types.  
  Address Northeastern University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2037  
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Author Dat T. Nguyen; Firoj Alam; Ferda Ofli; Muhammad Imran pdf  openurl
  Title Automatic Image Filtering on Social Networks Using Deep Learning and Perceptual Hashing During Crises Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 499-511  
  Keywords social media; image processing; supervised classification; disaster management  
  Abstract The extensive use of social media platforms, especially during disasters, creates unique opportunities for humanitarian organizations to gain situational awareness and launch relief operations accordingly. In addition to the textual content, people post overwhelming amounts of imagery data on social networks within minutes of a disaster hit. Studies point to the importance of this online imagery content for emergency response. Despite recent advances in the computer vision field, automatic processing of the crisis-related social media imagery data remains a challenging task. It is because a majority of which consists of redundant and irrelevant content. In this paper, we present an image processing pipeline that comprises de-duplication and relevancy filtering mechanisms to collect and filter social media image content in real-time during a crisis event. Results obtained from extensive experiments on real-world crisis datasets demonstrate the significance of the proposed pipeline for optimal utilization of both human and machine computing resources.  
  Address Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha, Qatar  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2038  
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Author Francesca Comunello; Simone Mulargia pdf  openurl
  Title A #cultural_change is needed. Social media use in emergency communication by Italian local level institutions Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 512-521  
  Keywords Social media; local level; emergency communication; barriers  
  Abstract We discuss the results of a research project aimed at exploring the use of social media in emergency communication by officers operating at a local level. We performed 16 semi-structured interviews with national level expert informants, and with officers operating at the municipality and province (prefectures) level in an Italian region (respondents were selected based on their involvement in emergency communication and/or emergency management processes). Social media usage appears distributed over a continuum of engagement, ranging from very basic usage to using social media by adopting a broadcasting approach, to deeper engagement, which also includes continuous interaction with citizens. Two main attitudes emerge both in the narrative style and in social media representations: some respondents seem to adopt an institutional attitude, while others adopt a practical-professional attitude. Among the main barriers to a broader adoption of social media, cultural considerations seem to prevail, along with the lack of personnel, a general concern toward social media communication reliability, and the perceived distance between the formal role of institutions and the informal nature of social media communication.  
  Address LUMSA University, Rome, Italy; Sapienza University of Rome, Italy  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2039  
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Author Laura Petersen; Laure Fallou; Paul Reilly; Elisa Serafinelli pdf  openurl
  Title Public expectations of social media use by critical infrastructure operators in crisis communication Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 522-531  
  Keywords Social media; traditional media; crisis communication; critical infrastructure operators; public expectations  
  Abstract Previous research into the role of social media in crisis communication has tended to focus on how sites such as Twitter are used by emergency managers rather than other key stakeholders, such as critical infrastructure (CI) operators. This paper adds to this emergent field by empirically investigating public expectations of informatio provided by CI operators during crisis situations. It does so by drawing on key themes that emerged from a review of the literature on public expectations of disaster related information shared via social media, and presenting the results of an online questionnaire-based study of disaster-vulnerable communities in France, Norway, Portugal and Sweden. Results indicate that members of the public expect CI operators to provide disaster related information via traditional and social media and to respond to their queries on social media. CI operators should avail of the opportunities provided by social media to provide real-time information to disaster affected communities.  
  Address European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC); University of Sheffield  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2040  
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Author Lívia Castro Degrossi; João Porto de Albuquerque; Roberto dos Santos Rocha; Alexander Zipf pdf  openurl
  Title A Framework of Quality Assessment Methods for Crowdsourced Geographic Information: a Systematic Literature Review Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 532-545  
  Keywords Volunteered Geographic Information; VGI; Crowdsourced Geographic Information; Quality Assessment; Systematic Literature Review  
  Abstract Crowdsourced Geographic Information (CGI) has emerged as a potential source of geographic information in different application domains. Despite the advantages associated with it, this information lacks quality assurance, since it is provided by different people. Therefore, several authors have started investigating different methods to assess the quality of CGI. Some of the existing methods have been summarized in different classification scheme. However, there is not an overview of the methods employed to assess the quality of CGI in the absence of authoritative data. On the basis of a systematic literature review, we found 13 methods that can be employed to this end.  
  Address Department of Computer Systems University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil; Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; GIScience Research Group, Heidelberg University, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2041  
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Author Tom Wilson; Stephanie A. Stanek; Emma S. Spiro; Kate Starbird pdf  openurl
  Title Language Limitations in Rumor Research? Comparing French and English Tweets Sent During the 2015 Paris Attacks Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 546-553  
  Keywords social media; rumoring, language; crisis informatics; information diffusion  
  Abstract The ubiquity of social media facilitates widespread participation in crises. As individuals converge online to understand a developing situation, rumors can emerge. Little is currently known about how online rumoring behavior varies by language. Exploring a rumor from the 2015 Paris Attacks, we investigate Twitter rumoring behaviors across two languages: French, the primary language of the affected population; and English, the dominant language of Internet communication. We utilize mixed methods to qualitatively code and quantitatively analyze rumoring behaviors across French and English language tweets. Most interestingly, temporal engagement in the rumor varies across languages, but proportions of tweets affirming and denying a rumor are very similar. Analyzing tweet deletions and retweet counts, we find slight (but not significant) differences between languages. This work offers insight into potential limitations of previous research of online rumoring, which often focused exclusively on English language content, and demonstrates the importance of considering language in future work.  
  Address Human Centered Design and Engineering, University of Washington ; Information School, Department of Sociology, University of Washington  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2042  
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Author Mohammed Benali, A.R.G. pdf  openurl
  Title Towards a Crowdsourcing-based Approach to enhance Decision Making in Collaborative Crisis Management Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 554-563  
  Keywords Crisis management; decision making; crowdsourcing; SBPMN  
  Abstract Managing crises is considered as one of the most complicated organizational and managerial task. Indeed, dealing with such situations calls for many groups from different institutions and organizations to interact and collaborate their efforts in a timely manner to reduce their effects. However, response organizations are challenged by several problems. The urgent need of a shared and mutual situational awareness, information and knowledge about the situation are distributed across time and space and owned by both organizations and people. Additionally, decisions and actions have to be achieved promptly, under stress and time pressure. The contribution outlined in this paper is suggesting a crowdsourcing-based approach for decision making in collaborative crisis management based on the literature requirements. The objective of the approach is to support situational awareness and enhance the decision making process by involving citizens in providing opinions and evaluations of potential response actions.  
  Address Laboratoire de Méthodes de Conception des Systèmes, Ecole nationale Supérieure d'Informatique, Alger, Algérie  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2043  
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Author Samuel Lee Toepke pdf  openurl
  Title Temporal Sampling Implications for Crowd Sourced Population Estimations from Social Media Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 564-571  
  Keywords Population estimation; emergency response; temporal sampling; volunteered geospatial information; data mining  
  Abstract Understanding the movements of a population throughout the 24-hour day is critical when directing disaster response in an urban area. An emergency situation can develop rapidly, and understanding the expected locations of groups of people is required for the success of first responders. Recent advances in modern consumer technologies have facilitated the generation, sharing and mining of an extensive amount of volunteered geographic information. Users leverage inexpensive smart devices, pervasive Internet connections and social media services to provide data about geospatial locations. Using an enterprise system, it is possible to aggregate this freely available, geospatially enabled data and create a population estimation with high spatiotemporal resolution, via a heat map. This investigation explores the effects of different temporal sampling periods when creating such estimations. Time periods are selected, estimations are generated for several large urban areas in the western United States, and comparisons of the results are shown/discussed.  
  Address Private Engineering Firm  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2044  
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Author Mahshid Marbouti; Irene Mayor; Dianna Yim; Frank Maurer pdf  openurl
  Title Social Media Analyst Responding Tool: A Visual Analytics Prototype to Identify Relevant Tweets in Emergency Events Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 572-582  
  Keywords Situation Awareness; Social Media; Emergency Management  
  Abstract Public and humanitarian organizations monitor social media to extract useful information during emergencies. In this paper, we propose a new method for identifying situation awareness (SA) tweets for emergencies. We take a human centered design approach to developing a visual analytics prototype, SMA-RT (“Social Media Analyst Responding Tool”), informed by social media analysts and emergency practitioners. Our design offers insights into the main requirements of social media monitoring tools used for emergency purposes. It also highlights the role that human and technology can play together in such solutions. We embed a machine learning classifier to identify SA tweets in a visual interactive tool. Our classifier aggregates textual, social, location, and tone based features to increase precision and recall of SA tweets.  
  Address University of Calgary  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2045  
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Author Christian Reuter; Marc-André Kaufhold; René Steinfort pdf  openurl
  Title Rumors, Fake News and Social Bots in Conflicts and Emergencies: Towards a Model for Believability in Social Media Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 583-591  
  Keywords Social media; believability; measurement  
  Abstract The use of social media is gaining more and more in importance in ordinary life, but also in conflicts and emer-gencies. The social big data, generated by users, is partially also used as a source for situation assessment, e.g. to receive pictures or to assess the general mood. However, the information's believability is hard to control and can deceive. Rumors, fake news and social bots are phenomenons that challenge the easy consumption of social media. To address this, our paper explores the believability of content in social media. Based on foundations of infor-mation quality we conducted a literature study to derive a three-level model for assessing believability. It summa-rizes existing assessment approaches, assessment criteria and related measures. On this basis, we describe several steps towards the development of an assessment approach that works across different types of social media.  
  Address University of Siegen, Institute for Information Systems  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2046  
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Author Hristo Tanev; Vanni Zavarella; Josef Steinberger pdf  openurl
  Title Monitoring disaster impact: detecting micro-events and eyewitness reports in mainstream and social media Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 592-602  
  Keywords Natural language processing; machine learning; crisis computing; disaster effects; social media  
  Abstract This paper approaches the problem of monitoring the impact of the disasters by mining web sources for the events, caused by these disasters. We refer to these disaster effects as “micro-events”. Micro-events typically following a large disaster include casualties, damage on infrastructures, vehicles, services and resource supply, as well as relief operations. We present natural language grammar learning algorithms which form the basis for building micro-event detection systems from data, with no or minor human intervention, and we show how they can be applied to mainstream news and social media for monitoring disaster impact. We also experimented with applying statistical classifiers to distill, from social media situational updates on disasters, eyewitness reports from directly affected people. Finally, we describe a Twitter mining robot, which integrates some of these monitoring techniques and is intended to serve as a multilingual content hub for enhancing situational awareness.  
  Address European Commission Joint Research Centre; University of West Bohemia  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2047  
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Author Marc-André Kaufhold; Christian Reuter pdf  openurl
  Title The Impact of Social Media for Emergency Services: A Case Study with the Fire Department Frankfurt Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 603-612  
  Keywords Social media; emergency services; facilitators and obstacles; comparative case studies  
  Abstract The use of social media is not only part of everyday life but also of crises and emergencies. Many studies focus on the concrete use of social media during a specific emergency, but the prevalence of social media, data access and published research studies allows the examination in a broader and more integrated manner. This work-in-progress paper presents the results of a case study with the Fire Department Frankfurt, which is one of the biggest and most modern fire departments in Germany. The findings relate to social media technologies, organizational structure and roles, information validation, staff skills and resources, and the importance of volunteer communities. In the next step, the results will be integrated into the frame of a comparative case study with the overall aim of examining the impact of social media on how emergency services respond and react in an emergency.  
  Address University of Siegen, Institute for Information Systems  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2048  
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Author Stephen Kelly; Xiubo Zhang; Khurshid Ahmad pdf  openurl
  Title Mining Multimodal Information on Social Media for Increased Situational Awareness Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 613-622  
  Keywords Spatio-temporal; Social media analysis; Multimodal analysis; Geolocation  
  Abstract Social media platforms have become a source of high volume, real-time information describing significant events in a timely fashion. In this paper we describe a system for the real-time extraction of information from text and image content in Twitter messages and combine the spatio-temporal metadata of the messages to filter the data stream for emergency events and visualize the output on an interactive map. Twitter messages for a geographic region are monitored for flooding events by analysing the text content and images posted. Events detected are compared with a ground truth to see if information in social media correlates with actual events. We propose an Intrusion Index as part of this prototype to facilitate ethical harvesting of data. A map layer is created by the prototype system that visualises the analysis and filtered Twitter messages by geolocation.  
  Address rinity College Dublin, Ireland  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2049  
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Author Claire Laudy pdf  openurl
  Title Rumors detection on Social Media during Crisis Management Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 623-632  
  Keywords Semantic information fusion; Uncertainty management; Ontology; Graph matching; conflict detection; rumors detection  
  Abstract Social Media monitoring has become a major issue in crisis and emergencies management. Indeed, social media may ease the sharing of information between citizens and Public Safety Organizations, but it also enables the rapid spreading of inaccurate information. As information is now provided and shared by anyone to anyone, information credibility is a major issue. We propose an approach to detect rumor in social media. This paper describes our work on semantic graph based information fusion, enhanced with uncertainty management capabilities. The uncertainty management capability enables managing the dierent level of credibility of actors of an emergency (dierent PSO oÿcers and citizens). Functions for information synthesis, conflicting information detection and information evaluation were developed and test during experimentation campaigns. The synthesis and conflicting information detection functionalities are very welcome by end-users. However, the uncertainty management is a combinatorial approach which remains a limitation for use with large amount of information.  
  Address Thales Research & Techology  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2050  
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Author Briony Gray; Mark J. Weal; David Martin pdf  openurl
  Title Social Media during a Sustained Period of Crisis: The Case of the UK Storms Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 633-644  
  Keywords Social media; disaster management; conceptual framework; emergency coordination; information overload  
  Abstract This paper analyses the social media communications surrounding the 2015 – 2016 series of winter storms in the UK. Three storms were selected for analysis over a sustained period of time; these were storms Desmond, Eva and Frank which made landfall within quick succession of one another. In this case study we examine communications relating to multiple hazards which include flooding, evacuation and weather warnings using mainstream media content such as news stories, and online content such as Twitter data. Using a mixed method approach of content analysis combined with the application of a conceptual framework, we present (i.) the network of emergency responders managing events, (ii.) an analysis of crisis communications over time, and (iii.) highlight the barriers posed to effective social media communications during multi-hazard disasters. We conclude by assessing how these barriers may be lessened during prolonged periods of crisis.  
  Address University of Southampton  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2051  
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Author Andrés Moreno; Philip Garrison; Karthik Bhat pdf  openurl
  Title WhatsApp for Monitoring and Response during Critical Events: Aggie in the Ghana 2016 Election Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 645-655  
  Keywords social media analysis; election monitoring; crisis prevention; WhatsApp; Ghana; mobile instant messaging  
  Abstract Mobile Instant Messaging platforms like WhatsApp are becoming increasingly popular. They have expanded access to digital text, audio, picture, and video messaging. Integrating them into existing crisis monitoring and response platforms and workflows can help reach a wider population. This paper describes a first attempt to integrate WhatsApp into Aggie, a social media aggregating and monitoring platform. We report on the deployment of this integration during Ghana's 2016 election, along with Twitter, Facebook, and RSS. The WhatsApp messages collected by Aggie during the election improved the eectiveness of the monitoring eorts. Thanks to these messages, more incidents were found and escalated to the Electoral Commission and security forces. From interviews with people involved in monitoring and response, we found that the WhatsApp integration helped their coordination and monitoring activities.  
  Address United Nations University Institute for Computing and Society  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication (up) Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2052  
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