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Author (up) Cecilia Hammar Wijkmark; Ilona Heldal pdf  isbn
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  Title Virtual and Live Simulation-Based Training for Incident Commanders Type Conference Article
  Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020  
  Volume Issue Pages 1154-1162  
  Keywords Virtual Simulation; Simulation; Serious Games; Training; Live Training; Cost and Benefit; Use; Usability; Incident Command  
  Abstract Computer and virtual simulation-based training (CST) offer several benefits for emergency response and management preparedness. However, organizations responsible for training are often hesitant to use CST, based on cost and perceived lack of benefit when compared to live simulation training (LST). This paper investigates how CST can complement LST, and how it contributes to achieving the necessary learning objectives for level one fire and rescue service incident commanders (ICs). Data and examples come from an experimental study with students from different fire and rescue services trained in the role of the IC in LST and CST, in a similar scenario. Results show the cost and benefits of the CST implementation based on evaluations from learners, instructors and responsible managers. Participants had a positive attitude towards using virtual simulations, but the results also point to barriers regarding the suitable design of learning scenarios and implementation.  
  Address Western Norway University of Applied Sciences; Western Norway University of Applied Sciences  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 978-1-949373-27-105 ISBN 2411-3491 Medium  
  Track Open Track Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes Cecilia.hammar.wijkmark@hvl.no Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2306  
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Author (up) Cecilia Hammar Wijkmark; Ilona Heldal; Maria-Monika Metallinou pdf  openurl
  Title Experiencing Immersive VR Simulation for Firefighter Skills Training Type Conference Article
  Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021  
  Volume Issue Pages 913-921  
  Keywords Virtual reality, training, firefighter, skills, user experiences  
  Abstract Virtual Reality (VR) technology has gained interest for training in many domains, including firefighter education and training. However, there is hesitation in accepting immersive VR technology, especially for skills training. This paper examines the results from a field study investigating how first-time users experience immersive VR comparing with hot fire live simulation (HF-LS) training, a training involving several human senses. This study included nineteen firefighter students, eight instructors, and seven experienced firefighters using a VR technology simulating fire, smoke, heat, and via haptic feedback hose and pressure experiences. Data investigating user experiences were collected through questionnaires and observations. The results show that experienced firefighters valued the training using this VR technology higher than students. Further findings illustrate a difference between different user groups regarding expectations on the realism of simulated representations. For example, the visual realism of the smoke and the fire was more appreciated by experienced firefighters than students and instructors.  
  Address Western Norway University of Applied Sciences; Western Norway University of Applied Sciences; Western Norway University of Applied Sciences  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium  
  Track Technologies for First Responders Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management  
  Notes cecilia.hammar.wijkmark@hvl.no Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2383  
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Author (up) Ilona Heldal; Cecilia Hammar Wijkmark pdf  openurl
  Title Simulations and Serious Games for Firefighter Training: Users' Perspective Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Informatin Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017  
  Volume Issue Pages 868-878  
  Keywords Emergency management; firefighter; user; training; simulation; serious games  
  Abstract Simulation and serious games (SSG) are advocated as promising technologies supporting training in emergency management (EM). Based on an investigation of SSG use for fire fighter training in nine countries, this paper is examining key elements and success factors that can counteract potential obstacles and challenges of SSG implementation. Data comes from interviews and observations with users and responsible managers from user organizations. By contrasting the different incentives and views regarding the SSG use, this paper contributes to a better understanding of SSG integration into organizational practices. Only by connecting the local, organizational strategies and user requirements with technical values and concrete examples can the SSG usage be experienced as successful. This connection requirement is by far not obvious since values are formulated differently by the main stakeholders and the benefits at one organization are not necessarily the same as at another. In this context, the added values of SSG solutions need to be more explicitly connected to the goals of traditional classroom and live training.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium  
  Track New Technologies for Crisis Management Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2072  
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