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| Author | Terje Gjøsæter; Jaziar Radianti; Weiqin Chen | ||||
| Title | Understanding Situational Disabilities and Situational Awareness in Disasters | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2019 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Situational Disabilities, Situational Awareness, Universal Design of ICT for Emergency Management | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper, a scenario-based approach augmented with personas typically used in universal design and interactive design domains is used to illustrate the occurrence of situational disabilities in emergency situations, and to show how environmental factors can trigger these situational disabilities. With the help of personas representing selected archetypical characteristics and roles, the scenarios are further examined to show how these situational disabilities can affect the situational awareness of different stakeholders, not only in the command and control centers, but also first responders in the field as well as affected members of the public. This approach provides a better understanding of the importance of universal design of ICT for Emergency Management, not only for people with disabilities and the elderly, but for anyone. |
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| Address | Oslo Metropolitan University;Centre for Integrated Emegenency Management, University of Agder | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Iscram | Place of Publication | Valencia, Spain | Editor | Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H. |
| Language | English | Summary Language  |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 978-84-09-10498-7 | Medium | |
| Track | T9- Universal Design of ICT in Emergency Management | Expedition | Conference | 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019) | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1924 | |||
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| Author | Quynh Nhu Nguyen; Antonella Frisiello; Claudio Rossi | ||||
| Title | The Design of a Mobile Application for Crowdsourcing in Disaster Risk Reduction | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2019 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Crowdsourcing, First Responders, Human Centered Design, Service Design, Emergency management. | ||||
| Abstract | Disaster Risk Reduction is a complex field in which a huge amount of data is collected and processed every day in order to plan and run preparedness and response actions, which are required to get ready and to effectively respond to natural disasters when they strike. This paper, which targets a wide audience, focuses on the design of a mobile application that aims to integrate the crowdsourcing paradigm in current Disaster Risk Reduction processes. The design process is integrated in the User Centred Approach, which we apply through a co-design methodology involving end-users, iterative prototyping and development phases, and five in-field evaluations of the implemented solution. We describe both the design activities and the results obtained from end-users� feedbacks focusing on the perspective of first responders. |
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| Address | Links Foundation, Italy | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Iscram | Place of Publication | Valencia, Spain | Editor | Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H. |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 978-84-09-10498-7 | Medium | |
| Track | T7- Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis | Expedition | Conference | 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019) | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1990 | |||
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| Author | Linda Plotnick; Murray Turoff; Starr Roxanne Hiltz; Julie Dugdale | ||||
| Title | Thumbs up? Attitudes of Emergency Managers to Proposed Masters Programs in EM With an IS Focus | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2017 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1030-1042 | ||
| Keywords | Emergency Management Education; Master's curricula | ||||
| Abstract | Information Systems (IS) increasingly are used in Emergency Management (EM), so it is prudent to include IS study in EM education. This paper presents the results of analyzing the responses to a survey that proposed potential courses for programs at the master's level. The survey was completed by 373 practitioners, academics and/or researchers with EM experience. All proposed courses were rated above 4 on a 7-point scale for how essential they are to the curriculum. However, there were disagreements. Qualitative analysis of volunteered comments indicate that some low ratings were due to disagreement with the content of the course as described, or with the need for an entire course to cover the topic. An unexpected finding was that a substantial number of respondents spontaneously expressed opposition to the use of IS for EM in general. The findings are discussed and a preliminary curriculum is proposed. | ||||
| Address | Plotnick Consulting LLC; New Jersey Institute of Technology; University of Grenoble-Alps, LIG; University of Agder | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Iscram | Place of Publication | Albi, France | Editor | Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Track | Future Trends | Expedition | Conference | 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 2086 | |||
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| Author | Terje Gjøsæter; Jaziar Radianti; Weiqin Chen | ||||
| Title | Universal Design of ICT for Emergency Management: A Research Agenda | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2018 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1148-1152 | ||
| Keywords | Universal Design of ICT, Accessibility, Design for All, Emergency Management, Research Agenda. | ||||
| Abstract | Information and communication technologies (ICT) are becoming increasingly important in emergency management and crisis communication. ICT tools are developed and adopted in all phases of the emergency management cycle. On the one hand, these tools contribute to better disaster preparedness and effective response. On the other hand, the lack of consideration of universal design in these tools also creates new barriers for different stakeholders, particularly the elderly and people with disabilities. The primary objective of this paper is to give an overview of the current state of the emerging research field of Universal Design of ICT for emergency management and provide a Research Agenda to highlight ways to uncover how the increasing introduction of ICT in emergency management can contribute to removing barriers instead of adding more barriers. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Rochester Institute of Technology | Place of Publication | Rochester, NY (USA) | Editor | Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2411-3387 | ISBN | 978-0-692-12760-5 | Medium | |
| Track | Poster | Expedition | Conference | ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 2193 | |||
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| Author | Ben Ortiz; Laura Kahn; Marc Bosch; Philip Bogden; Viveca Pavon-Harr; Onur Savas; Ian McCulloh | ||||
| Title | Improving Community Resiliency and Emergency Response With Artificial Intelligence | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2020 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 35-41 | ||
| Keywords | Emergency Management, Semantic Segmentation, Inland Flood Modeling, Route Optimization. | ||||
| Abstract | New crisis response and management approaches that incorporate the latest information technologies are essential in all phases of emergency preparedness and response, including the planning, response, recovery, and assessment phases. Accurate and timely information is as crucial as is rapid and coherent coordination among the responding organizations. We are working towards a multi-pronged emergency response tool that provide stakeholders timely access to comprehensive, relevant, and reliable information. The faster emergency personnel are able to analyze, disseminate and act on key information, the more effective and timelier their response will be and the greater the benefit to affected populations. Our tool consists of encoding multiple layers of open source geospatial data including flood risk location, road network strength, inundation maps that proxy inland flooding and computer vision semantic segmentation for estimating flooded areas and damaged infrastructure. These data layers are combined and used as input data for machine learning algorithms such as finding the best evacuation routes before, during and after an emergency or providing a list of available lodging for first responders in an impacted area for first. Even though our system could be used in a number of use cases where people are forced from one location to another, we demonstrate the feasibility of our system for the use case of Hurricane Florence in Lumberton, a town of 21,000 inhabitants that is 79 miles northwest of Wilmington, North Carolina. | ||||
| Address | Accenture Federal Services; Accenture Federal Services; Accenture Federal Services; Accenture Federal Services; Accenture Federal Services; Accenture Federal Services | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-27-4 | ISBN | 2411-3390 | Medium | |
| Track | AI Systems for Crisis and Risks | Expedition | Conference | 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Laura.kahn@accenturefederal.com | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 2205 | |||
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| Author | Patricia Quiroz-Palma; Ma Carmen Penadés; Ana-Gabriela Núñez | ||||
| Title | Resilience Learning for Emergency Plan Management in Organizations | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2020 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 558-567 | ||
| Keywords | Resilience, Emergency Management, Training, QuEP, CiET. | ||||
| Abstract | Many governments, organizations, practitioners and researchers involved in collaboration on resilience in emergency management are agreed that this is a key aspect. The QuEP+R framework aims to improve resilience in an organization's emergency plan management, in which the stakeholders must be adequately prepared and trained for their responsibilities in the emergency plan, providing techniques that propose the improvement of the emergency plan besides resilience. However, for these techniques to be effective, organizations need the theoretical resilience proposed in QuE+R to be implemented. The CiET framework was designed for this purpose and has learning objectives and training contents related to QuEP+R techniques to train stakeholders. The CiET capability plan contents have been classified by resilience dimensions towards the optimization of resilience in emergency plan management. The integration is supported by I+R-Tool, which generates the capability plans automatically from the results of the QuEP+R assessment, which outcomes in a stakeholder's effective training, contributing to the optimization and improvement of the resilience, therefore, in improving the quality of emergency plans. Hence, the aim remains to search for the continuous improvement of the emergency plan management within organizations. | ||||
| Address | ISSI-DSIC, Universitat Politécnica de Valencia, Spain, Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí; ISSI-DSIC, Universitat Politécnica de Valencia, Spain; ISSI-DSIC, Universitat Politécnica de Valencia, Spain, Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-27-52 | ISBN | 2411-3438 | Medium | |
| Track | Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis | Expedition | Conference | 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | patquipa@dsic.upv.es | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 2253 | |||
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| Author | Lise Ann St. Denis; Amanda Lee Hughes; Jeremy Diaz; Kylen Solvik; Maxwell B. Joseph; Jennifer K. Balch | ||||
| Title | 'What I Need to Know is What I Don't Know!': Filtering Disaster Twitter Data for Information from Local Individuals | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2020 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 730-743 | ||
| Keywords | Crisis Informatics, Social Media, Emergency Management, Situational Awareness. | ||||
| Abstract | We report on the design, development, and evaluation of a user labeling framework for social media monitoring by emergency responders. By labeling Twitter user accounts based on behavior and content, this novel approach identifies tweets from accounts belonging to Individuals generating Personalized content and captures information that might otherwise be missed. We evaluate the framework using training data from the 2018 Camp, Woolsey, and Hill fires. Approximately 30% of the Individual-Personalized tweets contain first-hand information, providing a rich stream of content for social media monitoring. Because it can quickly eliminate most redundant tweets, this framework could be a critical first step in an end-to-end information extraction pipeline. It may also generalize more easily for new disaster events since it relies on general user account attributes rather than tweet content. We conclude with next steps for refining and evaluating our framework in near real-time during a disaster response. | ||||
| Address | CIRES, Earth Lab, University of Colorado, Boulder; Crisis Informatics Lab Brigham Young University; Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, Department of Geography, Penn State University; CIRES, Earth Lab, Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder; CIRES, Earth Lab, University of Colorado, Boulder; CIRES, Earth Lab, Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-27-66 | ISBN | 2411-3452 | Medium | |
| Track | Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie | Expedition | Conference | 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | Lise.St.Denis@Colorado.edu | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 2267 | |||
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| Author | Richard McCreadie; Cody Buntain; Ian Soboroff | ||||
| Title | Incident Streams 2019: Actionable Insights and How to Find Them | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2020 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 744-760 | ||
| Keywords | Emergency Management, Crisis Informatics, Real-time, Twitter, Categorization. | ||||
| Abstract | The ubiquity of mobile internet-enabled devices combined with wide-spread social media use during emergencies is posing new challenges for response personnel. In particular, service operators are now expected to monitor these online channels to extract actionable insights and answer questions from the public. A lack of adequate tools makes this monitoring impractical at the scale of many emergencies. The TREC Incident Streams (TREC-IS) track drives research into solving this technology gap by bringing together academia and industry to develop techniques for extracting actionable insights from social media streams during emergencies. This paper covers the second year of TREC-IS, hosted in 2019 with two editions, 2019-A and 2019-B, contributing 12 new events and approximately 20,000 new tweets across 25 information categories, with 15 research groups participating across the world. This paper provides an overview of these new editions, actionable insights from data labelling, and the automated techniques employed by participant systems that appear most effective. | ||||
| Address | University of Glasgow; InfEco Lab, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT); National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-27-67 | ISBN | 2411-3453 | Medium | |
| Track | Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie | Expedition | Conference | 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | richard.mccreadie@glasgow.ac.uk | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 2268 | |||
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| Author | Rob Grace | ||||
| Title | Hyperlocal Toponym Usage in Storm-Related Social Media | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2020 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 849-859 | ||
| Keywords | Volunteered Geographic Information, Twitter, Information Behavior, Crisis Informatics, Emergency Management. | ||||
| Abstract | Crisis responders need to locate events reported in social media messages that typically lack geographic metadata such as geotags. Toponyms, places names referenced in messages, provide another source of geographic information, however, the availability and granularity of toponyms in crisis social media remain poorly understood. This study examines toponym usage and granularity across six categories of crisis-related information posted on Twitter during a severe storm. Findings show users often include geographic information in messages describing local and remote storm events but do so rarely when discussing other topics, more often use toponyms than geotags when describing local events, and tend to include fine-grained toponyms in reports of infrastructure damage and service disruption and course-grained toponyms in other kinds of storm-related messages. These findings present requirements for hyperlocal geoparsing techniques and suggest that social media monitoring presents more immediate affordances for course-grained damage assessment than fine-grained situational awareness during a crisis. | ||||
| Address | Texas Tech University | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-27-75 | ISBN | 2411-3461 | Medium | |
| Track | Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie | Expedition | Conference | 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | rob.grace@ttu.edu | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 2276 | |||
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| Author | Edward J. Glantz; Frank E. Ritter; Don Gilbreath; Sarah J. Stager; Alexandra Anton; Rahul Emani | ||||
| Title | UAV Use in Disaster Management | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2020 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 914-921 | ||
| Keywords | Disaster Response, Emergency Management, Drone, Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS), Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). | ||||
| Abstract | Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) provide multiple opportunities to first responders and disaster managers, especially as they continue to improve in affordability as well as capabilities. This paper provides a brief review of how UAV capabilities have been used in disaster management, examples of current use within disaster management, as well as adoption considerations. Example disaster domains include fires, tornadoes, flooding, building and dam collapses, crowd monitoring, search and rescue, and post disaster monitoring of critical infrastructures. This review can increase awareness and issues when considering UAVs by those challenged with the management of crisis and disaster events. | ||||
| Address | The Pennsylvania State University; The Pennsylvania State University; The Pennsylvania State University; The Pennsylvania State University; The Pennsylvania State University; The Pennsylvania State University | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-27-81 | ISBN | 2411-3467 | Medium | |
| Track | Technologies for First Responders | Expedition | Conference | 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | edward.glantz@psu.edu | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 2282 | |||
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| Author | Michael Holzhüter; Ulrich Meissen | ||||
| Title | A Decentralized Reference Architecture for Interconnected Systems in Emergency Management | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2020 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 961-972 | ||
| Keywords | Civil Protection; Emergency Management; Interoperability; Interconnected Collaboration; Resilient Architecture | ||||
| Abstract | Optimal communication and information exchange are key elements for handling complex crises or disaster situations. With the increasing number of heterogeneous ICT systems, also raises the importance of adequate support for interconnectivity and information logistics between stakeholders to thoroughly gather information and to make quick but precise decisions. The main purpose of the information exchange is then to manage the crisis as quickly as possible, to provide full information to protect first responders' health and safety, to optimally dispatch resources, and to ensure coordination between different relief forces. Based on an end user survey with a particular focus on first responders, this paper introduces an evolutionary architecture to enable information exchange in crises situation or disasters. The aim is to provide a decentralized approach among heterogeneous ICT-systems which abstracts from the underlying communication technologies and heterogeneity of connected systems and fulfills the functional and non-functional requirements from end users. | ||||
| Address | Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin; Fraunhofer-Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme; Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin; Fraunhofer-Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-27-86 | ISBN | 2411-3472 | Medium | |
| Track | Technologies for First Responders | Expedition | Conference | 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | michael.holzhueter@fokus.fraunhofer.de | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 2287 | |||
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| Author | Pouyan Fotouhi Tehrani; Niklas von Kalckreuth; Selma Lamprecht | ||||
| Title | Toward an Integrative Model of Trust for Digital Emergency Communication | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2020 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1012-1021 | ||
| Keywords | Trust; Emergency Management; Digital Communication; Modeling | ||||
| Abstract | Digital technologies have become an integral enabler of communication during various phases of emergency management (EM). A crucial prerequisite of effective communication between authorities and the public during EM is the establishment of adequate mutual trust. Trust, however, is an elusive concept which is not easily translatable into technical settings. In this paper we propose an integrative model of trust in digital communication and show how such model can be advantageous in assessing and improving trust relations in context of EM. Our interdisciplinary model, which is based on findings from psychology, sociology and computer sciences provides an abstraction which not only seizes both subjective and objective as well as personal and non-personal, \eg institutional or cultural, aspects of trust but at the same time is concrete enough to be applicable to real-life scenarios. | ||||
| Address | Weizenbaum Institute, Fraunhofer FOKUS; Weizenbaum Institute, Humboldt University Berlin; Weizenbaum Institute, Fraunhofer FOKUS | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-27-91 | ISBN | 2411-3477 | Medium | |
| Track | Usability and Universal Design of ICT for Emergency Management | Expedition | Conference | 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | pouyan.fotouhi.tehrani@fokus.fraunhofer.de | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 2292 | |||
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| Author | Xiaojing Guo; Xinzhi Wang; Luyao Kou; Hui Zhang | ||||
| Title | A Question Answering System Applied to Disasters | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2021 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 2-16 | ||
| Keywords | Emergency Management, Disaster, Natural Language Processing, Deep Learning | ||||
| Abstract | In emergency management, identifying disaster information accurately and promptly out of numerous documents like news articles, announcements, and reports is important for decision makers to accomplish their mission efficiently. This paper studies the application of the question answering system which can automatically locate answers in the documents by natural language processing to improve the efficiency and accuracy of disaster knowledge extraction. Firstly, an improved question answering model was constructed based on the advantages of the existing neural network models. Secondly, the English question answering dataset pertinent to disasters and the Chinese question answering dataset were constructed. Finally, the improved neural network model was trained on the datasets and tested by calculating the F1 and EM scores which indicated that a higher question answering accuracy was achieved. The improved system has a deeper understanding of the semantic information and can be used to construct the disaster knowledge graph. | ||||
| Address | Institute of Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University; School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University; Institute of Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University; Institute of Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-61-5 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Track | AI and Intelligent Systems for Crises and Risks | Expedition | Conference | 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | gxj19@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ISCRAM @ idladmin @ | Serial | 2308 | ||
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| Author | Briony Gray; Matthew Colling | ||||
| Title | Supporting Emergency Health Services during a Pandemic: Lessons from the Canadian Red Cross | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2021 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 320-332 | ||
| Keywords | Pandemic, Health, Emergency Management, The Red Cross, COVID-19 | ||||
| Abstract | The COVID-19 pandemic has tested Canada's readiness capacity as emergency health needs continue to exceed some communities' capacity to respond. To address this variance, the Canadian Red Cross (in collaboration with local, provincial, territorial, national, and Indigenous partners) have leveraged international experience in humanitarian response and preparedness, developing innovative new response services, delivery modalities, and protocol through which to mitigate and manage risk. This approach breaks down emergency management into two main streams – health interventions and disaster management – to innovatively and effectively cope with increasingly complex and frequent requests for support. Using internal data from within the Canadian Red Cross, this paper presents and discusses the services, roles and expectations of this two-stream approach which has been designed to (i.) support COVID-19 testing and vaccination, (ii.) support outbreak crisis management, especially through epidemic, prevention, and control interventions, and (iii.) support traditional emergency management responses in the midst of a pandemic. It concludes by reporting on the successes of the two-stream approach to date while scoping further the potential evolutionary track of some of these services, their underpinning methodology, and appetite for recovery operations in the near future. This approach may therefore be of value to other organizations or practitioners coping with emergency management challenges during a pandemic. | ||||
| Address | The Canadian Red Cross; The Canadian Red Cross | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-61-5 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Track | Disaster Public Health & Healthcare Informatics in the Pandemic | Expedition | Conference | 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | bjg1g11@soton.ac.uk | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ISCRAM @ idladmin @ | Serial | 2336 | ||
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| Author | Tinghao Zhang; Lida Huang; Tao Chen; Shuo Bai | ||||
| Title | GIS Based Emergency Management Framework for Large-scale Events: A Case Study of the Torch Relay Activity | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2021 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 503-514 | ||
| Keywords | Arcgis, large-scale event, emergency management, epidemic prevention | ||||
| Abstract | Due to the high popular concentration of large-scale events, once an emergency (like a stampede) occurs, it will often cause severe casualties. Moreover, since the widespread of the COVID-19, the prevention of the novel coronavirus should also be considered during mass gatherings. How to reduce the probability and potential consequence of emergencies is of great significance. This research designs an emergency management framework using ArcGIS-based geographic information technology for large-scale events. To verify the effectiveness of our framework, we take the Winter Olympic torch relay in university as an example. The paper is mainly divided into two parts, emergency resource allocation and the emergency prevention model. The former part focuses on the site selection of emergency sentries and emergency hospitals during the torch relay. In the latter part, an emergency prevention model is designed for two significant emergencies: stampede and epidemic. | ||||
| Address | Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University Hefei | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-61-5 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Track | Geospatial Technologies and Geographic Information Science for Crisis Management (GIS) | Expedition | Conference | 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | zth19@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ISCRAM @ idladmin @ | Serial | 2351 | ||
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| Author | Cody Buntain; Richard Mccreadie; Ian Soboroff | ||||
| Title | Incident Streams 2020: TRECIS in the Time of COVID-19 | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | Abbreviated Journal | Iscram 2021 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 621-639 | ||
| Keywords | Emergency Management, Crisis Informatics, Twitter, Categorization, Prioritization, COVID-19 | ||||
| Abstract | Between 2018 and 2019, the Incident Streams track (TREC-IS) has developed standard approaches for classifying the types and criticality of information shared in online social spaces during crises, but the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 has shifted the landscape of online crises substantially. While prior editions of TREC-IS have lacked data on large-scale public-health emergencies as these events are exceedingly rare, COVID-19 has introduced an over-abundance of potential data, and significant open questions remain about how existing approaches to crisis informatics and datasets built on other emergencies adapt to this new context. This paper describes how the 2020 edition of TREC-IS has addressed these dual issues by introducing a new COVID-19-specific task for evaluating generalization of existing COVID-19 annotation and system performance to this new context, applied to 11 regions across the globe. TREC-IS has also continued expanding its set of target crises, adding 29 new events and expanding the collection of event types to include explosions, fires, and general storms, making for a total of 9 event types in addition to the new COVID-19 events. Across these events, TREC-IS has made available 478,110 COVID-related messages and 282,444 crisis-related messages for participant systems to analyze, of which 14,835 COVID-related and 19,784 crisis-related messages have been manually annotated. Analyses of these new datasets and participant systems demonstrate first that both the distributions of information type and priority of information vary between general crises and COVID-19-related discussion. Secondly, despite these differences, results suggest leveraging general crisis data in the COVID-19 context improves performance over baselines. Using these results, we provide guidance on which information types appear most consistent between general crises and COVID-19. | ||||
| Address | New Jersey Institute of Technology; University of Glasgow; National Institute of Standards and Technology | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Virginia Tech | Place of Publication | Blacksburg, VA (USA) | Editor | Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel |
| Language | English | Summary Language |
English | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 978-1-949373-61-5 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Track | Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilience | Expedition | Conference | 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management | |
| Notes | cbuntain@njit.edu | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ISCRAM @ idladmin @ | Serial | 2360 | ||
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