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	Author	Abbas Ganji; Tom Wilson; Sonia Saveli; Dharma Dailey; Mark Haselkorn
	Title	Cause and Effect: A Qualitative Analysis of Obstacles to Information Sharing During a Regional Disaster Exercise			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2019
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Information Sharing; Disaster Response; Qualitative Analysis; Collaboration; Coordination
	Abstract	After large-scale disasters, diverse partner agencies rely heavily on an information-sharing environment that supports collaborative work. In the U.S., this occurs under the Incident Command System (ICS), a structured organizational framework for coordinated action. We explore obstacles to information sharing and coordinationobserved at a county-level Emergency Operations Center (EOC) operating under ICS during the response phase of a large-scale regional disaster exercise. Textual observations collected in situ are analyzed for both the effect/manifestation and cause/source of barriers to information sharing. Two-thirds of barriers that manifest as computational issues are not caused by technology breakdowns, and a third caused by unclear processes manifest as computational issues. Overall, obstacles to collaborative work that appear to be related to computational issues are generally attributable to non-technical causes. This indicates that resources directed at improving collaborative management of disasters by enhancing technological capabilities are likely to be misdirected.
	Address	University of Washington, United States of America
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Valencia, Spain	Editor	Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-84-09-10498-7	Medium
	Track	T2- Command and control studies	Expedition		Conference	16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1848
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	Author	Ali Benssam; Nadia Nouali-Taboudjemat; Omar Nouali
	Title	Towards an It-based platform for disaster risks management in Algeria			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2013	Publication	ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2013
	Volume		Issue		Pages	72-77
	Keywords	Decision support systems; Disaster prevention; Information analysis; Information systems; Public risks; Collaboration; Collaborative framework; Decision supports; Disaster management; Disaster situations; Information sharing; Public awareness; Risk prevention; Disasters
	Abstract	Disaster management and risk prevention in Algeria have undergone many changes in the recent years. Important efforts have been provided on the legal and organizational sides to set the right conditions for an integrated and collaborative framework for disaster management in the country. The aim is to address the lack of information sharing, coordination and collaboration among the involved organizations. However, although the enhancement of the organizational arrangements, several problems persist mainly related to the implementation of these measures. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose an IT based platform in the field of risks prevention and disaster management (DM). This platform provides decision support, enables information sharing, helps to enhance public awareness regarding risks and disasters, supports communication and dissemination of information and alerts in disaster situations and facilitates the implementation of regulation related to disaster management.
	Address	High School of Computer Science ESI, Algiers, Algeria; Research Center of Scientific and Technical Information CERIST, Algiers, Algeria
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie	Place of Publication	KIT; Baden-Baden	Editor	T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9783923704804	Medium
	Track	Coordination and Collaboration	Expedition		Conference	10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	306
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	Author	Anna Gryszkiewicz; Fang Chen
	Title	Design requirements for information sharing in a crisis management command and control centre			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2010
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Command and control systems; Data processing; Information analysis; Information systems; Managers; Command and control; Crisis management; Crisis-management command; Information sharing; Information support systems; Information management
	Abstract	Good support for information sharing and processing is essential for successful crisis management. A crisis manager handles information from many different sources and collaborates with many different actors. This study is therefore focusing on specifying some needs and requirements for information support systems for crisis management command and control centres. The study is based on case studies and interviews in Sweden with the aim to understand how information processing best can be supported from a crisis manager's perspective. The needs and requirements found in the study can be used in future system design or improvement.
	Address	Interaction Design Collegium, Crisis Response Lab Chalmers, University of Technology, Sweden
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Seattle, WA	Editor	S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Special Session: Response Information Systems Requirement Engineering and Evaluation	Expedition		Conference	7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	550
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	Author	Anton Björnqvist; Marc Friberg; Carl-Oscar Jonson; Jenny Pettersson; Peter Berggren
	Title	An Analysis of a Swedish Medical Command and Control System’s Situation Reports from the COVID-19 Pandemic			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2022	Publication	ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2022
	Volume		Issue		Pages	334-348
	Keywords	Information sharing; crisis management; situation reports; COVID-19; command and control
	Abstract	This paper presents an analysis of situation reports used and created by a crisis management team within the Swedish healthcare sector during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis was conducted through a deductive content analysis, where categories were identified based on the concepts of common operational pictures, sensemaking, and situation awareness. In the analysis, support for all identified categories was found. Based on the analysis and the concepts, future recommendations regarding what type of information that ought to be included in situation reports were created. These recommendations include, amongst others, the categories of consequences, how it is perceived by the public, objectives, status and implications of information, future scenarios, actions, resources, and work procedures.
	Address	Linköping University; Linköping University; Linköping University; Linköping University; Linköping University
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Tarbes, France	Editor	Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-82-8427-099-9	Medium
	Track	Command and Control Studies	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	ISCRAM @ idladmin @			Serial	2422
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	Author	Ariën J. Van Der Wal; Tim J. Grant
	Title	Simulating information sharing in crisis response coalitions as a minority game			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2013	Publication	ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2013
	Volume		Issue		Pages	120-124
	Keywords	Commerce; Game theory; Information analysis; Information systems; Evolutionary game theory; Evolutionary games; Information market; Information sharing; Minority game; Multiple organizations; Organizational cultures; Trust; Societies and institutions
	Abstract	A major crisis or disaster attracts a response from multiple organizations. These organizations need to work together as a coalition. To do so effectively, they must share information. Differences in organizational culture give information a scarcity value, leading to the emergence of information markets. As the crisis progresses, organizations learn to work together, building up trust and lowering the “price” for information shared. Organizations that have worked together in previous crises have a price advantage. In short, the information sharing changes dynamically. Evolutionary game theory – And the minority game in particular – has been recently applied to markets in which physical goods are exchanged. This paper presents the first results from simulating an information sharing market in crisis response coalitions as a minority game.
	Address	Netherlands Defence Academy, Netherlands; Retired but Active Researchers, Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie	Place of Publication	KIT; Baden-Baden	Editor	T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9783923704804	Medium
	Track	Coordination and Collaboration	Expedition		Conference	10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1041
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	Author	Béatrice Linot; Jérôme Dinet; François Charoy; Valérie L. Shalin
	Title	Information gain in sociotechnical systems			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2018	Publication	ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2018
	Volume		Issue		Pages	764-777
	Keywords	Communication, information sharing, virtual information display.
	Abstract	Much of the crisis management literature focuses on improving communication by improving the integrity of communication equipment, vulnerable for example, to the loss of electricity. But communication issues arise in sociotechnical systems with functioning communication equipment, prompting researchers and practitioners alike to bemoan the absence of information sharing. Computer scientists envision a giant virtual display accessible to all, but little thought has gone into the principles for selecting, formatting and organizing content to make it useful. Here we argue that what is needed is information rather than data, and that situating data in context is key to the provision of information. Documentation of information exchange issues in real crisis management is quite superficial, generally pointing to conclusions without any supporting data. Using documentation of the Deepwater Horizon Accident in 2010, we distinguish between data and information, and the challenge this poses to the design of computational support for information sharing.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Rochester Institute of Technology	Place of Publication	Rochester, NY (USA)	Editor	Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-0-692-12760-5	Medium
	Track	Universal Design of ICT in Emergency Management	Expedition		Conference	ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2149
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	Author	Benjamin Barth; Govinda Chaithanya Kabbinahithilu; Alexandros Bartzas; Spyros Pantazis; Tomaso deCola
	Title	A Content Oriented Information Sharing System for Disaster Management			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2020	Publication	ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2020
	Volume		Issue		Pages	922-927
	Keywords	Information Sharing, Preparation, Response, Content Oriented.
	Abstract	In response to natural and man-made hazards multiple organisations usually are involved in a very complex situation. On the other hand, extreme weather situations due to the climate change create hazards in areas which were considered safe before. In order to improve the capabilities of involved organisations in responding and preparing for disaster events, the availability of an efficient information sharing approach is a key enabler. To this end, we propose a communication system based on a content oriented architecture tailored to disaster management. It includes a catalogue that is offering web services for publishing and subscribing of disaster information and for further collaboration amongst agencies and first responders. Moreover, the considered approach also allows for full content access control and enables a flexible system. The paper shows the current status of the system design. Next steps will include the implementation and evaluation of the approach.
	Address	German Aerospace Center (DLR); German Aerospace Center (DLR); Space Hellas S.A.; Space Hellas S.A.; German Aerospace Center (DLR)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Virginia Tech	Place of Publication	Blacksburg, VA (USA)	Editor	Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	978-1-949373-27-82	ISBN	2411-3468	Medium
	Track	Technologies for First Responders	Expedition		Conference	17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes	Benjamin.Barth@dlr.de			Approved	no
	Call Number	ISCRAM @ idladmin @			Serial	2283
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	Author	Björn Bjurling; Preben Hansen
	Title	Contracts for information sharing in collaborative networks			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2010
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Contracts; Information systems; Collaboration; Collaborative network; Crisis management; Imperfect information; Information sharing; Initial phasis; Information analysis
	Abstract	In crisis management, units from different organizations collaborate for achieving a common goal. The success of such collaborations depends partly and not insignificantly on the composition of the network of collaborating units. In the initial phases of a crisis management operation, there is often a great deal of uncertainty about the nature and the extent of the crisis. The uncertainty may lead to contradictory and otherwise imperfect information sharing among the organizations and agencies that are responsible for engaging the crisis. This in turn, may lead to suboptimal and inefficient compositions of the collaborating network. This paper suggests the use of contracts for information sharing for ensuring that the information sharing indeed facilitates efficient formation of collaborating networks.
	Address	Swedish Institute of Computer Science, Sweden
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Seattle, WA	Editor	S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Poster Session	Expedition		Conference	7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	327
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	Author	Boris Petrenj; Mariachiara Piraina; Giada Feletti; Paolo Trucco; Valentina Urbano; Stefano Gelmi
	Title	Cross-border Information Sharing for Critical Infrastructure Resilience: Requirements and Platform Architecture			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2021	Publication	ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2021
	Volume		Issue		Pages	247-259
	Keywords	Critical Infrastructure, Interdependencies, Resilience, Cross-border, Information sharing, IT Platform, GIS
	Abstract	Resilience of Critical Infrastructures is high on the agenda of countries' efforts. Modern CI highly interdependent and span countries, so disruptions occurring on one side of the border can significantly affect economic and social functions on the other. To build CI resilience, stakeholder organizations must collaborate and exchange information throughout the Emergency Management cycle. In this paper, we present the Critical Infrastructure Platform (PIC in Italian) which is being developed within the SICt project (Resilience of Cross-Border Critical Infrastructure). PIC is a technological piece of a broader cross-border regional resilience strategy between Lombardy Region (Italy) and Canton Ticino (Switzerland) aiming to improve the capacity to manage accidental events involving transportation CI between the two countries. The main goal of the PIC platform is to support secure and effective information-sharing, inter-organizational risk assessment, monitoring and operational coordination under critical situations. The paper presents the key requirements of such ICT system, its high-level architecture including the description of its main modules, main takeaways and future steps.
	Address	Politecnico di Milano; Politecnico di Milano; Politecnico di Milano; Politecnico di Milano; Aria S.p.A., Lombardy Region; Aria S.p.A., Lombardy Region
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Virginia Tech	Place of Publication	Blacksburg, VA (USA)	Editor	Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	978-1-949373-61-5	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Cross-Border & Transboundary Resilience	Expedition		Conference	18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes	boris.petrenj@polimi.it			Approved	no
	Call Number	ISCRAM @ idladmin @			Serial	2330
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	Author	Christian Flachberger; Eduard Gringinger
	Title	Decision Support for Networked Crisis & Disaster Management ? A Comparison with the Air Traffic Management Domain			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2016
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Networked Crisis Management; Crisis and Disaster Management; Collaboration; Information Sharing; Situation Awareness; Common Information Space; Air Traffic Management; System Wide Information Management
	Abstract	This paper is about European networked crisis and disaster management and how to achieve more intelligent decision support and better collaboration. Although collaboration processes are established, the underlying information management tools today don?t support integrated electronic information management in multi-organizational scenarios. This leads to a fragmentation of relevant information into pieces held by different stakeholders. Recently, the concept of the Common Information Space has been introduced as possible solution. This paper looks to the domain of Air Traffic Management where a similar problem was tackled by a concept called System Wide Information Management. The paper starts with describing the operational context, the unresolved needs, and the derived requirements. Experiences from the Air Traffic Management domain are gathered and compared with current solution concepts from the public safety domain. The paper concludes with lessons learned during the on-going development in the public safety domain.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Federal University of Rio de Janeiro	Place of Publication	Rio de Janeiro, Brasil	Editor	A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3393	ISBN	978-84-608-7984-14	Medium
	Track	Intelligent Decision Support in the Networked Society	Expedition		Conference	13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1332
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	Author	Daniel Iland; Don Voita; Elizabeth Belding
	Title	Delay tolerant disaster communication with the One Laptop per Child XO laptop			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2013	Publication	ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2013
	Volume		Issue		Pages	863-867
	Keywords	Disasters; Information systems; Internet; MESH networking; Delay Tolerant Networking; Disaster communications; Epidemic routing; Information sharing; Olpc; Peer to peer; Situational awareness; Telepathy salut; Ushahidi; Laptop computers
	Abstract	In this paper, we describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a mesh network based messaging application for the One Laptop Per Child XO laptop. We outline the creation of an easy-to-use OLPC Activity that exchanges Ushahidi-style messages with nearby OLPC users through the Internet or a mesh network. Our contributions are to implement an epidemic messaging scheme on mesh networks of OLPC XO laptops, to extend the Ushahidi web application to efficiently exchange messages with nodes in mesh networks, and to allow the Ushahidi server to distribute cures, notifications of message delivery, for each received message. Testing and analysis revealed substantial overhead is introduced by the OLPC's use of Telepathy Salut for activity sharing.
	Address	University of California, Santa Barbara, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie	Place of Publication	KIT; Baden-Baden	Editor	T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9783923704804	Medium
	Track	Social Media	Expedition		Conference	10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	611
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	Author	Dick Ooms; Willem-Jan Van Den Heuvel
	Title	Business not as usual: Civil-military interactionfrom an e-business perspective			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2012	Publication	ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2012
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Electronic commerce; Information analysis; Information dissemination; Information systems; International cooperation; Civil-Military Interaction; Coordination; eBusiness; Information sharing; Peace support operation; Behavioral research
	Abstract	In peace support operations, military and civil actors are often cooperating in international coalitions. In such operations, effective and efficient coordination and information sharing is a prerequisite for effective Civil-Military Interaction (CMI), but the literature shows that this still leaves much room for improvement. Most research in this area takes a behavioral-science approach. We argue that existing research could be complemented with a design-science approach, which is an Information Systems problem-solving paradigm with its roots in engineering. After developing a high level CMI information exchange model and identifying inhibitors for information exchange, this paper provides a comparison between CMI in peace support operations and the collaboration of commercial enterprises using the e-Business paradigm. Based on observed similarities, the paper argues that the enabling technology for e-Business could overcome current inhibitors for effective and efficient information exchange for CMI in peace support operations, and is complementary to other mechanisms for information exchange. Â© 2012 ISCRAM.
	Address	Netherlands Defence Academy, Tilburg University, Netherlands; European Research Institute for Service Science, Tilburg University, Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Simon Fraser University	Place of Publication	Vancouver, BC	Editor	L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780864913326	Medium
	Track	Inter-Organizational Exercises and Operations	Expedition		Conference	9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	179
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	Author	Fredrik Bergstrand; Jonas Landgren
	Title	Information sharing using live video in emergency response work			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Design; Information analysis; Information management; Information systems; Collaboration; Emergency response; Information repositories; Information sharing; Live video; Material database; Resource management; Situation awareness; Emergency services
	Abstract	This paper presents findings from a design-oriented study focusing on emergency response work. Traditionally, information technology for emergency response work has included enroute navigation advice, resource management, hazard material databases, property information repositories, and situation reporting using sketching functionality. Now, a new class of information technology has become available, namely mobile live video capabilities. This paper presents initial findings from a study on how mobile live video capabilities could improve information sharing and situation awareness in emergency response work.
	Address	Viktoria Institute, Sweden
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	312
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	Author	Gisli Olafsson
	Title	Humanitarian response in the age of mass collaboration and networked intelligence			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2012	Publication	ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2012
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Information systems; Humanitarian response; Information sharing; Large-scale disasters; Mass collaboration; Mobile communication networks; Networked intelligence; Response systems; Satellite based networks; Societies and institutions
	Abstract	The current humanitarian system is based on institutions created during the Industrial Age. It was built when connectivity was a very scarce resource and information sharing was something that only happened during meetings. The increased resiliency of mobile communication networks and the proliferation of satellite based network connectivity have lead to information being much easier to share. At the same time the rise of social networks and the explosive growth of mobile ownership amongst the affected communities has lead to a new way of communicating. Furthermore the large institutional humanitarian response organizations are no longer the only responders, with multiple smaller organizations responding. This paper looks at the opportunities new technologies have provided in rethinking the humanitarian response system and how new approaches may address some of the key issues faced in large-scale disasters in recent years. Â© 2012 ISCRAM.
	Address	NetHope Inc., United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Simon Fraser University	Place of Publication	Vancouver, BC	Editor	L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780864913326	Medium
	Track	Humanitarian Challenges	Expedition		Conference	9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	48
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	Author	Hans Jochen Scholl; Sarah L. Carnes
	Title	Managerial Challenges in Early Disaster Response: The Case of the 2014 Oso/SR530 Landslide Disaster			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	961-972
	Keywords	Incident Command System (ICS); National Incident Management System (NIMS); coordination challenges; resource challenges; training and preparedness challenges; collaboration; communication and information sharing
	Abstract	The larger the scale, scope, and duration of a disaster, the higher is the number of response units. However, with more units involved in the response also the heterogeneity of responder units drastically increases in terms of capabilities, experiences, practices, techniques, tactics, and procedures. As a result, the coordination and overall management of the response becomes an increasingly challenging endeavor. In the response to the 2014 Oso/SR530 landslide disaster in Washington State over one hundred agencies were involved, which presented a huge coordination task for the incident command. This empirical study is exploratory and focuses on the activities and interactions of professional responders, particularly, in the early phases of the response. It amends and complements previous studies on the subject by identifying and describing in detail various challenges in the early response. It also discusses recommendations on how to tackle and potentially mitigate the challenges identified in future responses.
	Address	University of Washington
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Response and Recovery	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2080
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	Author	Ikki Niwa; Toshihiro Osaragi; Takuya Oki; Noriaki Hirokawa
	Title	Development of Real Time Synchronous Web Application for Posting and Utilizing Disaster Information			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2015
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	database; Disaster information; information posting; information sharing; real time; Web application
	Abstract	In a large earthquake, rescue operations and fire-fighting are obstructed by fire-spreading and street-blockages. Therefore, it is important to quickly collect and utilize disaster information for disaster mitigation. In this paper, firstly, we develop a Web application for posting and viewing information collected by users in real time. Using this system, it is possible not only to easily share disaster information among users but also to apply to damage forecast such as fire-spreading. Next, we demonstrate the usefulness of the Web application by the following evaluation view points: (1) relationship between the access time of emergency vehicles from fire stations to the locations of fires and the ratio of collected information on street-blockage which is assumed to be collected with this system; (2) reciprocating time between a server and a client which is dependent on the number of users and band limitation after the occurrence of a disaster.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	University of Agder (UiA)	Place of Publication	Kristiansand, Norway	Editor	L. Palen; M. Buscher; T. Comes; A. Hughes
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9788271177881	Medium
	Track	Geospatial Data and Geographical Information Science	Expedition		Conference	ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	1216
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	Author	Jens Pottebaum; Anna Maria Japs; Stephan Prödel; Rainer Koch
	Title	Design and modeling of a domain ontology for fire protection			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2010
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Fire extinguishers; Fire protection; Information analysis; Information systems; Interoperability; Semantic Web; Semantics; Command and control process; Design and modeling; Domain ontologies; Emergency response; Heterogeneous domains; Information sharing; Ontology language; Semantic technologies; Command and control systems
	Abstract	The semantics of things represent the central problem of the heterogeneous domain of emergency response. Both the communication between human actors and the interface between information systems face this hurdle with high impact on the efficiency in mission and time critical command and control processes. The integration of applications and information sharing based on semantic technologies promise added value for a solution to this problem. Therefore a model of the domain is essential; this paper contributes a domain ontology for fire protection. The scientific discussion as well as expert interviews built the basis for a new modeling approach. The selection of ontology languages is one of the important design issues presented in this paper.
	Address	Universität Paderborn, C.I.K., Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Seattle, WA	Editor	S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Standardisation and Ontologies	Expedition		Conference	7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	847
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	Author	Kevin Fall; Gianluca Iannaccone; Jayanthkumar Kannan; Fernando Silveira; Nina Taft
	Title	A disruption-tolerant architecture for secure and efficient disaster response communications			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2010
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Data privacy; Information systems; Network architecture; Communications infrastructure; Disaster response; Disruption tolerant networking; Information sharing; Intermittent connectivity; Redundant content; Security and privacy; Situational awareness; Disasters
	Abstract	We consider the problem of providing situational awareness when citizens in a disaster are willing to contribute their own devices, such as laptops and smart phones, to gather data (text, images, audio or video) and to help forward data gathered by others. A situational awareness service processes all received data and creates annotated maps to visualize a disaster site (e.g., the status of the disaster, such as fires or floods, the location of people, food, or water). We discuss the challenges imposed on such an application when 1) the communications infrastructure in the disaster area can only provide intermittent connectivity, 2) anxious victims generate large amounts of redundant content congesting the network, and 3) the sharing of personal devices creates security and privacy threats. We present an architecture that addresses the requirements to support such a service.
	Address	Intel Labs, Berkeley, United States; University of California, Berkeley, United States; UPMC Paris Universitas, France
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Seattle, WA	Editor	S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	483
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	Author	Kristine Steen-Tveit
	Title	Identifying Information Requirements for Improving the Common Operational Picture in Multi-Agency Operations			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2020	Publication	ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2020
	Volume		Issue		Pages	252-263
	Keywords	Situational Awareness, Common Operational Picture, Information Sharing, Common Information Requirements, Multi-Agency Emergency Operations.
	Abstract	While there exists a considerable body of literature on the importance of a common operational picture (COP) in multi-agency emergency operations, the COP concept itself still lacks a univocal definition. Despite the lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms underlying the COP, the literature implies a level of consistency in the focus on sharing critical information. Based on interviews with Norwegian emergency management stakeholders, this study investigates common information requirements for emergency management services and presents an example of a framework for structuring the sharing of critical information and building a COP. Termed 'the window report', this framework is used among emergency stakeholders in Norway and Sweden. The study identified eight common information requirement categories for managing extreme weather scenarios. With a focus on common information needs and a process for structured information sharing, future strategic emergency management planning might take a more holistic perspective on cross-sectoral operations than in current practice.
	Address	Centre for Integrated Emergency Management, University of Agder
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Virginia Tech	Place of Publication	Blacksburg, VA (USA)	Editor	Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	978-1-949373-27-25	ISBN	2411-3411	Medium
	Track	Command & Control Studies	Expedition		Conference	17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes	kristine.steen-tveit@uia.no			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2226
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	Author	Lindsley G. Boiney; Bradley Goodman; Robert Gaimari; Jeffrey Zarrella; Christopher Berube; Janet Hitzeman
	Title	Taming multiple chat room collaboration: Real-time visual cues to social networks and emerging threads			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2008	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2008
	Volume		Issue		Pages	660-668
	Keywords	Decision making; Flow visualization; Information systems; Social networking (online); Chat; Collaboration; Collaboration environments; Exchange of information; Information exchanges; Real time decision-making; Real-time information sharing; Situational awareness; Internet
	Abstract	Distributed teams increasingly rely on collaboration environments, typically including chat, to link diverse experts for real time information sharing and decision-making. Current chat-based technologies enable easy exchange of information, but don't focus on managing those information exchanges. Important cues that guide face-to-face collaboration are either lost or missing. In some military environments, operators may juggle over a dozen chat rooms in order to collaborate on complex missions. This often leads to confusion, overload, miscommunication and delayed decisions. Our technology supports chat management. A summary display bar reduces the number of chat rooms operators need open by providing high level situational awareness pointers, in real-time, to: a) rooms with increasing message activity levels, b) rooms in which important collaborators are participating (those in the operator's social network), and c) rooms in which operator-selected keywords are used. This ability to peripherally monitor less critical chat rooms reduces operator overload, while enhancing the ability to rapidly detect important emerging discussion threads. © 2008 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.
	Address	MITRE Corp, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Washington, DC	Editor	F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780615206974	Medium
	Track	Visualization and Smart Room Technology for Decision Making, Information Sharing, and Collaboration	Expedition		Conference	5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	335
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	Author	Maike Kuhnert; Christian Wietfeld; Olivier Paterour; Alexander Georgiev; Katrina Petersen; Monika Büscher; Jens Pottebaum
	Title	Next Generation, Secure Cloud-based Pan-European Information System for Enhanced Disaster Awareness			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2015
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Common information space; information management; pan-European communication; secure cloud-based information sharing
	Abstract	Information management in disaster situations is challenging, yet critical for efficient response and recovery. Today information flows are difficult to establish, partial, redundant, overly complex or insecure, besides the interoperability between heterogeneous organisations is limited. This paper presents a novel system architecture that enables combining of several communication technologies in a secure manner. This supports creation of a pan-European ?Common Information Space? by rescue organizations that can enable more efficient and effective information management in disaster response. Moreover, this technology can be used for disaster preparedness (e.g., training, tutorials). The modular architecture is designed to consider future evolutions of technology by defining interfaces for the integration of new technologies and services.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	University of Agder (UiA)	Place of Publication	Kristiansand, Norway	Editor	L. Palen; M. Buscher; T. Comes; A. Hughes
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9788271177881	Medium
	Track	Decision Support Systems	Expedition		Conference	ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings ? 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	1282
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	Author	Mehrdad Negahban; Reza Nourjou
	Title	Internet of Things for Next-Generation Public Safety Mobile Communications			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2016
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Mobile App; Cloud Communication; Sensors; Crisis Response; Information Sharing; Internet of Things; Public Safety
	Abstract	This short paper briefly introduces the beamCitizen, a next-generation public safety mobile communications technology. It provides a mobile cloud communication platform that allows sharing of live video, voice, text, photo, location and other critical information among citizens, dispatchers and responders. It aims to connect people, information, and sensors. Our approach was to apply and implement ?Internet of Things? for development of the beamCitizen. To evaluate the beamCitizen, we used the University of Maryland as a pilot to create an end to end public safety communication and response service among the citizens, the 911 center and the first responders in order to help connect and protect close to 20000 students, faculty and visitors. It is available for download.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Federal University of Rio de Janeiro	Place of Publication	Rio de Janeiro, Brasil	Editor	A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3434	ISBN	978-84-608-7984-55	Medium
	Track	Geospatial Data and Geographical Information Science	Expedition		Conference	13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1374
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	Author	Michael Hiete; Mirjam Merz
	Title	An indicator framework to assess the vulnerability of industrial sectors against indirect disaster losses			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Decision making; Decision support systems; Disasters; Indicators (instruments); Information systems; Business continuity planning; Crisis management; Decision supports; Indicator frameworks; Industrial production; Information sharing; Mitigation measures; Vulnerability assessments; Information management
	Abstract	Natural and man-made hazards may affect industrial production sites by both direct losses (due to physical damage to assets and buildings) and indirect losses (production losses). Indirect losses, e.g. from production downtimes, can exceed direct losses multiple times. Thus, the vulnerability of industrial sectors to indirect losses is an important component of risk and its determination is an important part within risk analysis. In this paper a conceptual indicator framework is presented which allows to assess the indirect vulnerability of industrial sectors to different types of disasters in a quantitative manner. The results are useful for information sharing and decision making in crisis management and emergency planning (mitigation measures, business continuity planning), since the developed indicator system helps to take the complex phenomenon of industrial vulnerability and the underlying interdependencies into account. Besides the identification and conceptual motivation of the indicators, methodical aspects such as standardization, weighting and aggregation are addressed.
	Address	Institute for Industrial Production, University of Karlsruhe (TH), Germany; Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technologies (CEDIM), Institute for Industrial Production, University of Karlsruhe (TH), Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Open Track	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	579
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	Author	Mickael Babin; Nada Matta; Guillaume Delatour; Paul Henri Richard; Patrick Laclemence
	Title	How to Support Situation Awareness in Operational Crisis Management: Case Studies			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2022	Publication	ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2022
	Volume		Issue		Pages	225-232
	Keywords	Situation awareness; Information sharing; crisis management decision making
	Abstract	Situation awareness is created through the dynamic process of perception and action and serves as a foundation of overall performance throughout many different domains, such as education, military operations, air traffic control, driving, search and rescue, and crisis management [Endsley, 2006]. Information sharing is an important factor to be consider in situation awareness. In this paper, we present how tools can support information sharing in crisis management. So, we study how crisis management team dealt with two exercises using firstly whiteboards and secondly, CRIMSON a digital decision support tool.
	Address	University of Technologie of Troyes; University of Technologie of Troyes; University of Technologie of Troyes; University of Technologie of Troyes
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Tarbes, France	Editor	Rob Grace; Hossein Baharmand
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	978-82-8427-099-9	Medium
	Track	Applications, Tools and Components for Crisis Management	Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	ISCRAM @ idladmin @			Serial	2412
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	Author	Nitesh Bharosa; Marijn Janssen; Harry Bouwman
	Title	Ex-ante evaluation of disaster information systems: A gaming-simulation approach			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2010
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Disasters; Information systems; Advantages and pitfalls; Disaster information system; Disaster response; Gaming-simulation; Industrial communities; Information sharing; Is evaluations; Quasi-experiments; Design
	Abstract	Failures in coordination and information sharing between relief agencies have increased the number of calls for innovative information system (IS) designs. While both the academic and the industrial communities have proposed many IS designs, methodologies for the ex-ante evaluation of such IS designs are scarce. Consequently, disaster IS architects are offered little guidance in the ex-ante evaluation process. Not only is it difficult to evaluate IS designs in practice, it is also difficult to include the conditions of disaster situations in the evaluation process. This paper explores the difficulties of ex-ante evaluation and discusses the suitability of the gaming-simulation methodology for the evaluation of principle-based IS designs. Gaming-simulation entails the use of professionals, scenarios and prototypes and can be adapted to a quasi-experimental form enabling researchers to control contextual interferences and rule out alternative explanations. This paper concludes with some discussions on the advantages and pitfalls of employing gaming-simulation for IS evaluation.
	Address	Delft University of Technology, Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Seattle, WA	Editor	S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Research Methods	Expedition		Conference	7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	320
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