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Author Christoph Aubrecht; Klaus Steinnocher; Hermann Huber
Title DynaPop – Population distribution dynamics as basis for social impact evaluation in crisis management Type Conference Article
Year 2014 Publication ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2014
Volume Issue Pages 314-318
Keywords Information systems; Population distribution; Population dynamics; Risk assessment; Activity patterns; Crisis management; Evacuation planning; Population distribution patterns; Population dynamics models; Population exposure; Spatial disaggregation; Spatio-temporal models; Economic and social effects
Abstract In this paper ongoing developments regarding the conceptual setup and subsequent implementation logic of a seamless spatio-temporal population dynamics model are presented. The DynaPop model aims at serving as basic input for social impact evaluation in crisis management. In addition to providing the starting point for assessing population exposure dynamics, i.e. the location and number of affected people at different stages during an event, knowledge of spatio-temporal population distribution patterns is also considered crucial for a set of other related aspects in disaster risk and crisis management including evacuation planning and casualty assessment. DynaPop is implemented via a gridded spatial disaggregation approach and integrates previous efforts on spatio-temporal modeling that account for various aspects of population dynamics such as human mobility and activity patterns that are particularly relevant in picturing the highly dynamic daytime situation.
Address AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Energy Department, Austria; AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Safety and Security Department, Austria
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher The Pennsylvania State University Place of Publication University Park, PA Editor S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780692211946 Medium
Track Geographic Information Science Expedition Conference 11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 279
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Author Arif Cagdas Aydinoglu; Elif Demir; Serpil Ates
Title Designing a harmonized geo-data model for Disaster Management Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2011
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Disaster prevention; Geographic information systems; Information systems; Semantics; Standards; Data specifications; Disaster management; Dynamic data; Generic conceptual models; Geo-data; Land cover; Semantic interoperability; Disasters
Abstract There are problems for managing and sharing geo-data effectively in Turkey. The key to resolving these problems is to develop a harmonized geo-data model. General features of this model are based on ISO/TC211 standards, INSPIRE Data Specifications, and expectations of Turkey National GIS actions. The generic conceptual model components were defined to harmonize geo-data and to produce data specifications. In order to enable semantic interoperability, application schemas were designed for data themes such as administrative unit, address, cadastre/building, hydrographic, topography, geodesy, transportation, and land cover/use. The model, as base and the domain geo-data model, is a starting point to create sector models in different thematic areas. Disaster Management Geo-data Model model was developed as an extension of base geo-data model to manage geo-data collaborate on disaster management activities. This model includes existing geo-data special for disaster management activities and dynamic data collecting during disaster.
Address Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Lisbon Editor M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789724922478 Medium
Track Interoperability and Standards Expedition Conference 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 281
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Author Catherine Lowry Campbell; Fadi Deek; Murray Turoff; Bartel A. Van De Walle
Title Measuring consensus and conflict among stakeholders in emergency response information system requirements negotiations Type Conference Article
Year 2004 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2004 – 1st International Workshop on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2004
Volume Issue Pages 121-126
Keywords Information systems; Requirements engineering; Asynchronous negotiations; Emergency Response Information Systems; Preference models; Software requirements; Stakeholder preferences; Emergency services
Abstract This paper introduces the experimental design we developed for the analysis of asynchronous negotiations among five different stakeholders as they work towards consensus on the functional system requirements that are needed for a common emergency response information system. We present three analytical preference models to measure the evolving consensus and conflict among the stakeholders as they modify their preferences during the negotiation. We illustrate the use of these techniques for obtaining a detailed understanding of the negotiation dynamics among the stakeholders. © Proceedings ISCRAM 2004.
Address Information Systems Department, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark NJ, United States; Department of Information Systems and Management, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Brussels Editor B. Van de Walle, B. Carle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9076971080 Medium
Track Emergency Response Stakeholders and Cooperation Expedition Conference 1st International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 87
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Author Jean-François Gagnon; Martin Rivest; François Couderc; Sébastien Tremblay
Title Capturing the task model of experts in emergency response using SYnRGY Type Conference Article
Year 2012 Publication ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2012
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Information systems; Risk management; Emergency management; Emergency response; Inherent complexity; Innovative models; Measurement and simulation; Realistic environments; Team measurement; Technological tools; Emergency services
Abstract The need for better team measurement in realistic environments has been recognized as one of the key challenges that characterize the field of team work studies (Salas, Cooke, & Rosen, 2008). This challenge is particularly hard to address in the context of emergency response, due to the inherent complexity and dynamism of the domain. Emergency response is part of the emergency management cycle, and refers to the mobilization of the adequate actors and resources to mitigate the impact of an incident on the public and on the environment (Abrahamsson, Hassel, and Tehler, 2010). Emergency response often requires the cooperation of multiple agencies such as police, medical, and fire services, consequently increasing the complexity of such operations. We report of how SYnRGY – a human-centered emergency response technological tool – is embedded with extensive measurement and simulation capabilities to allow tracing of experts' task models in a silent and reliable way. We describe how these capabilities; combined with an innovative modeling technique – dynamic cognitive task modeling – can be used to extract experts' representations of the task. We discuss the importance of such a model for training, improvement of emergency response procedures and development of emergency response tools. © 2012 ISCRAM.
Address Université Laval, Canada; Thales Canada Inc., Canada
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Simon Fraser University Place of Publication Vancouver, BC Editor L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780864913326 Medium
Track Poster Session Expedition Conference 9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 115
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Author Sigmund Kluckner; Johannes Sautter; Matthias Max; Wolf Engelbach; Tina Weber
Title Impacting factors on human reactionsto alerts Type Conference Article
Year 2012 Publication ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2012
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Knowledge based systems; Models; Social sciences; Alert; Crisis situations; Human behaviors; Human reaction; Literature reviews; Modeling and simulating; Support crisis management; Warning; Behavioral research
Abstract Crisis response authorities have to deal with the unpredictability of their population's behavior. One of the complex challenges is to understand the people's reaction after an official alert in a crisis situation has been issued. This paper elaborates a knowledge base to describe impacting factors on human reactions in alerting situations. For this purpose, a literature review in the theme of human behavior after warnings was conducted and augmented with information gathered in a series of interviews in German-speaking countries. The outcome is phrased as factors that might impact the human reaction to a warning. This knowledge base shall support crisis management practitioners in the elaboration of alerting strategies as well as allow researchers to systematically structure human behavior aspects for the purpose of modeling and simulating alert effects. © 2012 ISCRAM.
Address University of Stuttgart, Germany; German Red Cross, Germany
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Simon Fraser University Place of Publication Vancouver, BC Editor L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780864913326 Medium
Track Special Session Mixed Methods Expedition Conference 9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 142
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Author Felix Wex; Guido Schryen; Dirk Neumann
Title Operational emergency response under informational uncertainty: A fuzzy optimization model for scheduling and allocating rescue units Type Conference Article
Year 2012 Publication ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2012
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Artificial intelligence; Decision support systems; Fuzzy set theory; Information systems; Monte Carlo methods; Optimization; Computational evaluation; Coordination; Decision support models; Fuzzy optimization model; Heuristic solutions; Informational uncertainty; Linguistic assessment; Operational emergency; Scheduling
Abstract Coordination deficiencies have been identified after the March 2011 earthquakes in Japan in terms of scheduling and allocation of resources, with time pressure, resource shortages, and especially informational uncertainty being main challenges. We suggest a decision support model that accounts for these challenges by drawing on fuzzy set theory and fuzzy optimization. Based on requirements from practice and the findings of our literature review, the decision model considers the following premises: incidents and rescue units are spatially distributed, rescue units possess specific capabilities, processing is non-preemptive, and informational uncertainty through linguistic assessments is predominant when on-site units vaguely report about incidents and their attributes, or system reports are not exact. We also suggest a Monte Carlo-based heuristic solution procedure and conduct a computational evaluation of different scenarios. We benchmark the results of our heuristic with results yielded through applying a greedy approach. The results indicate that using our Monte Carlo simulation to solve the decision support model inspired by fuzzy set theory can substantially reduce the overall harm. © 2012 ISCRAM.
Address Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany; Universität Regensburg, Germany
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Simon Fraser University Place of Publication Vancouver, BC Editor L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780864913326 Medium
Track Intelligent Systems Expedition Conference 9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 238
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Author Michael R. Bartolacci; Christoph Aubrecht; Dilek Ozceylan Aubrecht
Title A portable base station optimization model for wireless infrastructure deployment in disaster planning and management Type Conference Article
Year 2014 Publication ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2014
Volume Issue Pages 50-54
Keywords Base stations; Disaster prevention; Disasters; Information systems; Mathematical models; Optimization; Wireless telecommunication systems; Ad hoc mobile networks; Cellular mobile networks; Disaster planning; Optimization modeling; Real-time management; Wireless communications; Wireless infrastructure deployments; Wireless telecommunications; Emergency services
Abstract Disaster response requires communications among all affected parties including emergency responders and the affected populace. Wireless telecommunications, if available through a fixed structure cellular mobile network, satellites, portable station mobile networks and ad hoc mobile networks, can provide this means for such communications. While the deployment of temporary mobile networks and other wireless equipment following disasters has been successfully accomplished by governmental agencies and mobile network providers following previous disasters, there appears to be little optimization effort involved with respect to maximizing key performance measures of the deployment or minimizing overall 'cost' (including time aspects) to deploy. This work-in-progress does not focus on the question of what entity will operate the portable base during a disaster, but on optimizing the placement of mobile base stations or similar network nodes for planning and real time management purposes. An optimization model is proposed for the staging and placement of portable base stations to support disaster relief efforts.
Address Pennsylvania State University – Berks, United States; AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria; World Bank, United States; Sakarya University, Turkey
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher The Pennsylvania State University Place of Publication University Park, PA Editor S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780692211946 Medium
Track Analytic Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 294
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Author Louise K. Comfort; Milos Hauskrecht; Jeen-Shang Lin
Title Dynamic networks: Modeling change in environments exposed to risk Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 576-585
Keywords Adaptive systems; Complex networks; Information systems; Models; Small-world networks; Complex adaptive systems; Dynamic environments; Emergency response systems; Interdependent systems; Situational assessment; Sociotechnical systems; Transportation system; University of Pittsburgh; Risk assessment
Abstract Modeling the interaction between interdependent systems in dynamic environments represents a promising approach to enabling communities to assess and manage the recurring risk to which they are exposed. We frame the problem as a complex, adaptive system, examining the interaction between transportation and emergency response as a socio-technical system. Using methods of spatial and statistical analysis, we overlaid the engineered transportation system on the organizational emergency response system to identify the thresholds of fragility in each. We present a research design and preliminary results from a small-scale study conducted in the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Region that examined the interaction between the transportation and emergency response systems. These results informed the design of a Situational Assessment Module for emergency managers, currently under development at the University of Pittsburgh.
Address University of Pittsburgh, United States
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Impact of Disasters on Industry and Economic Effects Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 410
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Author Kelli de Faria Cordeiro; Maria Luiza M Campos; Marcos R. S. Borges
Title Adaptive integration of information supporting decision making: A case on humanitarian logistic Type Conference Article
Year 2014 Publication ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2014
Volume Issue Pages 225-229
Keywords Artificial intelligence; Decision support systems; Information systems; Natural language processing systems; Graph database; Heterogeneous information; Humanitarian logistics; Knowledge integration; Linked open datum; Multi-perspective views; Relational data models; Semantic representation; Decision making
Abstract There is an urgent demand for information systems to gather heterogeneous information about needs, donations and warehouse stocks to provide an integrated view for decision making in humanitarian logistics. The dynamic flow of information, due to the unpredicted events, requires adaptive features. The traditional relational data model is not suitable due to its schema rigidity. As an alternative, Graph Data models complemented by semantic representations, like Linked Open Data on the Web, can be used. Based on both, this research proposes an approach for the adaptive integration of information and an associated architecture. An application example is discussed in a real scenario where relief goods are managed through a dynamic and multi-perspective view.
Address Center for Naval Systems Analysis of Brazilian Navy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher The Pennsylvania State University Place of Publication University Park, PA Editor S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780692211946 Medium
Track Decision Support Systems Expedition Conference 11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 414
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Author Dragos Datcu; Leon J.M. Rothkrantz
Title The use of active appearance model for facial expression recognition in crisis environments Type Conference Article
Year 2007 Publication Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2007
Volume Issue Pages 515-524
Keywords Face recognition; Gesture recognition; Active appearance models; Automatic evaluation; Automatic facial expression recognition; Computer vision techniques; Context-aware systems; Crisis management systems; Facial expression recognition; Human computer interfaces; Human computer interaction
Abstract In the past a crisis event was notified by local witnesses that use to make phone calls to the special services. They reported by speech according to their observation on the crisis site. The recent improvements in the area of human computer interfaces make possible the development of context-aware systems for crisis management that support people in escaping a crisis even before external help is available at site. Apart from collecting the people's reports on the crisis, these systems are assumed to automatically extract useful clues during typical human computer interaction sessions. The novelty of the current research resides in the attempt to involve computer vision techniques for performing an automatic evaluation of facial expressions during human-computer interaction sessions with a crisis management system. The current paper details an approach for an automatic facial expression recognition module that may be included in crisis-oriented applications. The algorithm uses Active Appearance Model for facial shape extraction and SVM classifier for Action Units detection and facial expression recognition.
Address Man-Machine Interaction Group, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD, Delft, Netherlands
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Delft Editor B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789054874171; 9789090218717 Medium
Track EMOT Expedition Conference 4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 425
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Author Philip Degener; Henning Gösling; Jutta Geldermann.
Title Decision support for the location planning in disaster areas using multi-criteria methods Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 278-283
Keywords Decision support systems; Disasters; Facilities; Information systems; Location; Societies and institutions; Decision supports; Emergency relief; Facility location models; Facility locations; Multi-criteria method; Personnel resources; Pre-positioning; Warehouse location; Emergency services
Abstract In this paper, a multi-criteria facility location model is represented. The model is meant to support relief organisations to determine the best warehouse location to stock emergency relief supplies in the pre-disaster phase of a natural disaster. As a result of the prepositioning of the goods the relief organisations are able to respond immediately to an occurring disaster. In consideration of a multiplicity of quantitative and qualitative objectives a criteria hierarchy is developed which can be adapted to any specific disaster area by omitting irrelevant goals. Afterwards the multi-criteria methods PROMETHEE I+II as well as different sensitivity analysis are described and the model is applied on a local level in a flood-prone area in Bangladesh. Small organisations with restrictive financial and personnel resources can especially benefit from the clear structure of the model and the user friendliness and high transparency of the PROMETHE I+II methods.
Address Dept. of Organization and Corporate Development, University of Göttingen, Germany; Dept. of Production and Logistics, University of Göttingen, Germany
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Decision Support Systems Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 439
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Author Naci Dilekli; Tarek Rashed
Title Towards a GIS data model for improving the emergency response in the Least Developing Countries: Challenges and opportunities Type Conference Article
Year 2007 Publication Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2007
Volume Issue Pages 57-62
Keywords Developing countries; Information systems; Risk management; Developed countries; Emergency management; Emergency response; Emergency response practices; Geodatabase data models; GIS data; Home land security; Potential benefits; Emergency services
Abstract Over the past few years, several standardized GIS data models have been developed to document “best practices” database designs for various application domains including the domain of emergency management. The majority of such models, however, have been developed in the context of developed countries as in the case of the Homeland Security geodatabase data model by ESRI®. These data models fail to be successful when transferred and used in the context of Least Developing Countries (LDCs) due to significant contextual differences in the domains of information systems and emergency practices. Therefore, developing GIS data models that are specifically designed for emergency response activities in LDCs are needed to improve existing emergency response practices in these countries. This paper reviews the state of development in GIS data models and the potential benefits and applications of building models that are specifically designed to support emergency response activities in LDCs. We first discusses why it is important to differentiate emergency response activities in LDCs from other contexts. We then present some theoretical considerations in developing GIS data models that can overcome contextual difficulties in LDCs in general and in the domain of information systenms. We finally attempt to provide key guidelines that may help designing a GIS Data Model, while is specifically referenced to the LDCs context.
Address University of Oklahoma, United States
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Delft Editor B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789054874171; 9789090218717 Medium
Track LDCS Expedition Conference 4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 449
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Author Gary Eifried
Title A model describing a response to a terrorism incident Type Conference Article
Year 2005 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2005 – 2nd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2005
Volume Issue Pages 125-127
Keywords Information systems; Military equipment; Models; Emergency response; Incident response; Information flows; Weapons of mass destructions; Wmd; Terrorism
Abstract Understanding how the response to an incident of terrorism involving a Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) transpires is essential to understanding the necessary flow of information within that response. A model describing incident response functions overlaid on a realistic timeline is presented.
Address EAI Corporation, United States
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Brussels Editor B. Van de Walle, B. Carle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9076971099 Medium
Track POSTER SESSION Expedition Conference 2nd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 471
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Author Mauro Falasca; Christopher W. Zobel; Gary M. Fetter
Title An optimization model for humanitarian relief volunteer management Type Conference Article
Year 2009 Publication ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2009
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Information systems; Mathematical models; Optimization; Conflicting objectives; Humanitarian logistics; Humanitarian relief; Multi criteria decision making; Multicriteria optimization; Optimization modeling; Solution methodology; Workforce management; Decision making
Abstract One of the challenges of humanitarian organizations is that there exist limited decision technologies that fit their needs. It has also been pointed out that those organizations experience coordination difficulties with volunteers willing to help. The purpose of this paper is to help address those challenges through the development of a decision model to assist in the management of volunteers. While employee workforce management models have been the topic of extensive research over the past decades, no work has focused on the problem of managing humanitarian relief volunteers. In this paper, we discuss a series of principles from the field of volunteer management and develop a multi criteria optimization model to assist in the assignment of volunteers to tasks. We present an illustrative example and analyze a solution methodology where the decision maker exercises his/her preferences by trading-off conflicting objectives. Conclusions, limitations, and directions for future research are also discussed.
Address Dept. of Business Information Technology, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Tech, 1007 Pamplin Hall, Blacksburg VA, 24061, United States
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Gothenburg Editor J. Landgren, S. Jul
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789163347153 Medium
Track Humanitarian Actions and Operations Expedition Conference 6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 482
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Author Jose Vargas Florez; Anthony Charles; Matthieu Lauras; Lionel Dupont
Title Designing realistic scenarios for disaster management quantitative models Type Conference Article
Year 2014 Publication ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2014
Volume Issue Pages 180-189
Keywords Disaster prevention; Information systems; Disaster management; Disaster scenario; Quantitative approach; Quantitative modeling; Quantitative models; Real situation; Realism; Realistic scenario; Disasters
Abstract Disaster Management has received a lot of attention over the last twenty years, and can now be considered a full research area. But a gap exists between research work proposals and their applications on the field. This is particularly true regarding quantitative approaches. One of the main issues is that the scenarios used to design and validate the proposals are often not accurate and/or too simple compared to the complexity of real situations. Designing realistic scenarios is of prime importance to be able to propose relevant quantitative models which could be implemented by practitioners. This paper tackles this problem by proposing a structured methodology which aims at defining realistic disaster scenarios. The case of earthquakes management in Peru is used to illustrate the consistency of our proposal.
Address Pontificia Universidad Católica Del Peru, Peru; Université Lyon 2 Lumière, DISP, France; Université de Toulouse, Mines Albi, Toulouse Business School, France
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher The Pennsylvania State University Place of Publication University Park, PA Editor S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih.
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780692211946 Medium
Track Disaster Relief Supply Chain Management Expedition Conference 11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 500
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Author Franclin Foping; Ioannis M. Dokas
Title A saas-based early warning information fusion system for critical infrastructure safety Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 156-165
Keywords Critical infrastructures; Information fusion; Information systems; Public works; Software as a service (SaaS); Web services; Communications systems; Complex problems; Deployment models; Early Warning System; Prototype system; Republic of Ireland; Saas; Safety management systems; Information management
Abstract Maintaining the critical infrastructures, such as Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTP), transportation, power generation and communications systems, in a safe state is a complex problem. The effective collaboration, as well as the collection aggregation and dissemination of early warning information among the stakeholders of the Safety Management System (SMS) responsible for the safety of these critical infrastructures are some of the challenges that need to be addressed. This paper argues that the Software as a Service (SaaS) deployment model can offer new ways of enhancing the fusion of early warning information during the operation phase of critical infrastructures. It presents the requirements, the architecture and a number of features of a working prototype SaaS-based early warning information fusion system for DWTP safety issues in the Republic of Ireland. It is the first time that a SaaSbased working prototype system is reported of providing early warning information fusion services in the literature.
Address Cork Constraint Computation Centre, UCC, Cork, Ireland
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 501
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Author Arthur H. Hendela; Murray Turoff; Starr Roxanne Hiltz
Title Cross impact security analysis using the HACKING Game Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Crime; Information systems; Models; Personnel training; Collaborative model; Cross-impact analysis; Gaming; Government organizations; Mathematical basis; Natural and man-made disasters; Planning tools; Security expenditures; Personal computing
Abstract Security of network assets is a high priority with little traditional return on investment. Increasingly, cyber attacks are being used by both terrorist and unfriendly government organizations. The HACKING Game, a Cross Impact Analysis planning tool, can be used to plan security resource allocation in computer networks. Cross Impact Analysis provides a mathematical basis to determine the interrelationships of one event with a set of other events. Output from the HACKING Game's Cross Impact Analysis model can be used to help justify security expenditures, with an added benefit of being a training tool for employees learning to protect networks. This paper presents details of the Hacking Game's design and its capabilities. Cross impact modeling can be used to develop games for any situation characterized by a set of offense and defense events to produce an individual or collaborative model for such things as natural and man-made disasters.
Address New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Planning, Foresight and/or Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 569
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Author Cindy Hui; Mark Goldberg; Malik Magdon-Ismail; William A. Wallace
Title Micro-simulation of diffusion of warnings Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 424-430
Keywords Information systems; Models; Social networking (online); Axiomatic framework; Diffusion process; Model parameters; Network structures; Simulation; Social network structures; Warning messages; Warnings; Diffusion
Abstract This paper presents a unique view of modeling the diffusion of warnings in social networks where the network structure may change over time. Since the characteristics and actions of people in a community have significant influence on the flow of information through a network, we present an axiomatic framework for modeling the diffusion process through the concept of trust. This ongoing work provides a micro level view of the behavior of individuals and groups in a community. Preliminary experiments were made to explore how model parameters such as trust and the social network structure affect warning message belief and evacuation.
Address Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, United States
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Early Warning Systems Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 606
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Author Soumia Ichoua
Title Humanitarian logistics network design for an effective disaster response Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Disasters; Information systems; Location; Stochastic models; Stochastic systems; Transportation; Disaster response; Humanitarian logistics; Inventory; Local distributions; Pre-positioning; Scenario-based modeling; Stochastic; Strategic decisions; Emergency services
Abstract In this paper we address the problem of pre-positioning emergency supplies prior to a disaster onset. The goal is to ensure a fast and effective response when the disaster strikes. Pre-positioning of emergency supplies is a strategic decision aimed at determining the number and location of local distribution centers as well as their inventory levels for emergency supplies. These decisions must be made in a highly disruption-prone environment where a timely response is vital and resources are scarce. We present and discuss a scenario-based model that integrates location, inventory and routing decisions.
Address Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Johnson C. Smith University, United States
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Humanitarian Challenges Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 610
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Author Syed Imran; Franclin Foping; Ioannis M. Dokas; John Feehan
Title Towards domain specific modeling approach in early warning system Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Accident prevention; Information systems; Open source software; Software engineering; Water supply; Water treatment plants; Domain specific modeling; DSM approaches; Early warning; Early Warning System; Early warning systems; Governance models; Knowledge model; Monitoring mechanisms; Alarm systems
Abstract It is of practical significance and great value to design and develop a novel Early Warning System (EWS), which will be used by the personnel of institutions involved in the drinking water delivery governance model of Ireland. In order to help the users of our EWS in representing and codifying their knowledge on the complex coincidences that may drive Water Treatment Plants (WTP) to failures or to hazardous states we propose in this paper a novel approach of using Domain Specific Modeling (DSM) in the domain of EWS for Water Treatment Plants. The novelty of our DSM approach also lies in providing a standalone open source software application rendering profiling of the water utilities, early warning signals, monitoring mechanisms of signals along with capability of assessing the “tendency” of a WTP towards failure, given a set of observed early warning signals.
Address University College, Cork, Ireland
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Poster Session Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 614
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Author Gabriel Jakobson; Nandan Parameswaran; John Buford; Lundy Lewis; Pradeep Ray
Title Situation-Aware multi-Agent system for disaster relief operations management Type Conference Article
Year 2006 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2006
Volume Issue Pages 313-324
Keywords Architecture; Disasters; Information systems; Multi agent systems; BDI Agent; Belief-desire-intention models; Disaster relief operations; Disaster situations; Large-scale disasters; Situation assessment; Situation identifications; Situation management; Disaster prevention
Abstract Natural and human-made disasters create unparalleled challenges to Disaster Situation Management (DSM). One of the major weaknesses of the current DSM solutions is the lack of comprehensive understanding of the overall disaster operational situation, and very often making decisions based on a single event. Such weakness is clearly exhibited by the solutions based on the widely used Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) models for building the Muiti-Agent Systems (MAS). In this work we present the adaptation of the AESOP situation management architecture to address the requirements of disaster relief operations. In particular, we extend the existing BDI model with the capability of situation awareness. We describe how the key functions of event collection, situation identification, and situation assessment are implemented in MAS architecture suitable to the characteristics of large-scale disaster recovery. We present the details of a BDI agent in this architecture including a skeleton ontology, and the distributed service architecture of the AESOP platform.
Address Altusys Corp, Australia; University of New South Wales, Australia; Southern New Hampshire University, United States
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Newark, NJ Editor B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9090206019; 9789090206011 Medium
Track MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Expedition Conference 3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 617
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Author Johan Jenvald; Michael Morin; Toomas Timpka; Henrik Eriksson
Title Simulation as decision support in pandemic influenza preparedness and response Type Conference Article
Year 2007 Publication Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2007
Volume Issue Pages 295-304
Keywords Decision making; International cooperation; Models; Population statistics; Decision supports; Local community; Pandemic influenza; Preparedness; Response; Simulation; Workflow; Decision support systems
Abstract Outbreak of a destructive pandemic influenza threatens to disrupt societies worldwide. International agencies and national governments have prepared plans and recommendations, but it is often decision-makers with the local authorities that are responsible for implementing the response. A central issue for these decision makers is what interventions are available and effective for the specific local community. The paper presents a simulator architecture and its relation to a workflow for decision support in influenza preparedness and response. The simulator can simulate pandemic scenarios, using localized community models, in the presence of various interventions to support an evaluation of potential response strategies. The architecture includes a customized modeling tool, separated from the simulation engine, which facilitates swift scenario modification and recalculation. This flexibility is essential both to explore alternative solutions in planning, and to adapt to changing requirements, information, and resources in outbreak response. An example simulation, based on actual population data from a reference city, illustrates the approach.
Address VSL Research Labs, Linköping, Sweden; Dept. of Social Medicine and Public Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Dept. of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Delft Editor B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789054874171; 9789090218717 Medium
Track ASCM Expedition Conference 4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 628
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Author Michael Klafft; Ulrich Meissen
Title Assessing the economic value of early warning systems Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2011
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Disaster prevention; Disasters; Information systems; Privatization; Assessment models; Continuous operation; Disaster management; Early Warning System; Economic assessments; Investment decisions; Private investors; Sociocultural factors; Investments
Abstract As of today, investments into early warning systems are, to a large extent, politically motivated and “disaster-driven”. This means that investments tend to increase significantly if a disaster strikes, but are often quickly reduced in the following disaster-free years. Such investment patterns make the continuous operation, maintenance and development of the early warning infrastructure a challenging task and may lead to sub-optimal investment decisions. The paper presented here proposes an economic assessment model for the tangible economic impact of early warning systems. The model places a focus on the false alert problematic and goes beyond previous approaches by incorporating some socio-cultural factors (qualitatively estimated as of now). By doing so, it supports policymakers (but also private investors) in their investment decisions related to early warning applications.
Address Fraunhofer ISST, Germany
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Lisbon Editor M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789724922478 Medium
Track Early Warning and Alert Systems Expedition Conference 8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 654
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Author Erkki Kurkinen
Title The effect of age on technology acceptance among field police officers Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 468-477
Keywords Information systems; Behavioral intention; Mobile information systems; Non-volitional use; Perceived usefulness; Police officers; Research models; Technology acceptance; User intention; Law enforcement
Abstract This paper studies the differences on technology acceptance between two age groups among uniform police forces. The goal was to seek more understanding on the effects of age on technology adaption in the context of mandatory technology use. Data was collected from police officers in field operations. User intentions were measured after subjects had seen a presentation of a pre-prototype of a mobile information system on the video. The results of this study suggest that there is no difference between the old and young age groups. Similarly, the results suggest that the effect of age is similar between the age groups on the effects of the factors in the research model. This suggests that the old police officers are similar to young police officers regarding the acceptance of new technology for their use. The most prominent result was that regression of behavioral intention on perceived usefulness was not statistically important.
Address University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Emergency Management Information Systems Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 664
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Author Daniel E. Lane; Tracey L. O'Sullivan; Craig E. Kuziemsky; Fikret Berkes; Anthony Charles
Title A structured equation model of collaborative community response Type Conference Article
Year 2013 Publication ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2013
Volume Issue Pages 906-911
Keywords Computer simulation; Decision theory; Information systems; Mathematical models; Risk analysis; Adaptation; C-change; Community collaboration; Community engagement; Emergency response; EnRiCH; Preparedness; Simulation; Structured equation modeling; Emergency services
Abstract This paper analyses the collaborative dynamic of community in response to urgent situations. Community emergencies arising from natural or man-induced threats are considered as exogenous events that stimulate community resources to be unified around the response, action, and recovery activities related to the emergency. A structured equation model is derived to depict the actions of the community system. The system is described in terms of its resources including the propensity to trigger community action and collaboration among diverse groups. The community is profiled with respect to its ability to respond. The system defines the trigger mechanisms that are considered to be the drivers of collaborative action. A simulation model is presented to enact the system emergencies, community profiles, and collaborative response. The results develop an improved understanding of conditions that engage community collaborative actions as illustrated by examples from community research in the EnRiCH and the C-Change community research projects.
Address Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Canada; Interdisciplinary Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada; Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Finance and Management Science, Saint Mary's University, Canada
Corporate Author (up) Thesis
Publisher Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie Place of Publication KIT; Baden-Baden Editor T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9783923704804 Medium
Track Social Media Expedition Conference 10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 677
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