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Author  |
Xiaoyan Zhang; Graham Coates; Sarah Dunn; Jean Hall |
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Title |
Emergency Evacuation from a Multi-floor Building using Agent-based Modeling |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
188-199 |
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Keywords |
Emergency Evacuation, Agent-based Modeling and Simulation, Multi-floor Building. |
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Abstract |
This paper presents an overview of the ongoing research into the development of an agent-based model to enable simulations to be performed of agents evacuating from a multi-floor building with a complex layout, including staircases. Specifically, a flow field of navigation objects is constructed pre-computation, which stores the directions and shortest distances to all exits and staircases. Using the flow field, a navigation method is proposed for agents familiar with the environment to identify and follow the shortest route to a chosen exit. Preliminary simulations have been performed to investigate the effect on evacuation time of (i) exit configurations and (ii) familiarity of agents with the building layout. In assessing the effect of exit configurations, results show that the location of the main entrance has a significant influence on evacuation time. In addition, having more exits does not necessarily lead to a shorter evacuation time. In terms of the effect of familiarity of agents, having more agents with a greater level of familiarity does not significantly reduce evacuation time in most cases. |
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Address |
Newcastle University; Newcastle University; Newcastle University; Newcastle University |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-18 |
ISBN |
2411-3404 |
Medium |
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Track |
Analytical Modeling and Simulation |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
X.Zhang110@newcastle.ac.uk |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2219 |
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Author |
Xinyuan Zhang; Nan Li |
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Title |
Assessment of the Correlation between Extreme Weather Event-Induced Human Mobility Perturbation in Urban Areas and their Spatial Characteristics based on Taxi Trajectories |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
366-380 |
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Keywords |
Extreme Weather Event, Human Mobility, Perturbation, Resilience, Spatial Distribution. |
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Abstract |
Extreme weather events (EWEs) are significant threats to urban regions. One major reflection of such impact is the EWE-induced perturbation to urban human mobility, which has been documented in a number of recent studies. This study aims to examine the spatial distribution of such perturbation within a city among different areas that are characterized by the type of function and the distance to city center. A case study was conducted on a major rainstorm in the City of Nanjing, China in 2017, based on trajectories of all taxis in the city before and during the rainstorm. It was found that the rainstorm caused decrease in people's travel demand throughout the city, although the magnitude of perturbation and level of resilience notably differed among areas of different functional types. In addition, the urban mobility in areas distant from the city center were relatively less influenced by the rainstorm. |
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Address |
Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-35 |
ISBN |
2411-3421 |
Medium |
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Track |
Data and Resilience: Opportunities and Challenges |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
xinyuan-16@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2236 |
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Author |
Xukun Li; Doina Caragea |
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Title |
Improving Disaster-related Tweet Classification with a Multimodal Approach |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
893-902 |
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Keywords |
Multimodal Model; Tweet Classification; Deep Learning |
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Abstract |
Social media data analysis is important for disaster management. Lots of prior studies have focused on classifying a tweet based on its text or based on its images, independently, even if the tweet contains both text and images. Under the assumptions that text and images may contain complementary information, it is of interest to construct classifiers that make use of both modalities of the tweet. Towards this goal, we propose a multimodal classification model which aggregates text and image information. Our study aims to provide insights into the benefits obtained by combining text and images, and to understand what type of modality is more informative with respect to disaster tweet classification. Experimental results show that both text and image classification can be improved by the multimodal approach. |
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Address |
Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University; Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-79 |
ISBN |
2411-3465 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
xukun@ksu.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2280 |
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Author |
Yangyang Meng; Xiangliang Tian; Chang Liu; Zhongwen Li; Zhijie Zhou; Maohua Zhong |
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Title |
Research on Emergency Capability Evaluation of Network Operation-Based Urban Rail Transit |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
530-544 |
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Keywords |
Urban Rail Transit; Network Operation; Emergency Capability Evaluation; Evaluation Index System. |
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Abstract |
In the process of network operation, it is of great significance to evaluate the emergency capability for the safety and resilience of urban rail transit. In this work, we proposed an emergency capability evaluation model of network operation-based urban rail transit by building a four-level index system. AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method demonstrated the effectiveness of the evaluation index system. The ranking of index importance Wi characterizes the emergency capability of network operation-based urban rail transit. Taking Shenzhen Metro as an example, this study analyzed the risk in the actual network operation, evaluated the emergency capability of network operation and calculated the comprehensive score of emergency capability. Furthermore, based on the correlation analysis results from the emergency capability indexes, we put forward some measures to improve the weaker indexes in the evaluation. The results indicate that the emergency capability evaluation method of network operation-based urban rail transit proposed in this study can better guide the emergency management of network operation-based urban rail transit. |
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Address |
Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Shenzhen Metro Group Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Metro Group Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-50 |
ISBN |
2411-3436 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
mengyy17@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2251 |
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Author |
Yannic Schulte; Miriam Klein; Marcus Wiens; Frank Fiedrich |
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Title |
Spontaneous Volunteers Across National Borders: An Agent-Based Comparison |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
327-336 |
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Keywords |
Spontaneous Volunteers, Cross-Border, Borderland, Agent-Based Modelling, Disaster Management. |
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Abstract |
In today's globalized world and with the extensive use of social media, there is a high connectivity of people across countries, which can be a helpful potential in disaster response. In a coordinated manner, spontaneous volunteers from neighbouring nations can provide high manpower and resources to a disaster affected area. In this article, we discuss why the consideration of spontaneous volunteers is relevant in a cross-border context in order to improve disaster resilience for borderlands. Furthermore, we introduce a baseline agent-based model to simulate cooperation procedures for the involvement of spontaneous volunteers to the official crisis response in a borderland and discuss important issues that need to be addressed in future considerations. |
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Address |
Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Bergische Universität Wuppertal |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-32 |
ISBN |
2411-3418 |
Medium |
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Track |
Cross-Border Resilience |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
yschulte@uni-wuppertal.de |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2233 |
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