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Author |
Milad Baghersad; Christopher W. Zobel; Ravi Behara |
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Title |
Evaluation of Local Government Performance after Disasters |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
210-217 |
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Keywords |
311 Services, Disaster, Municipal Departments, Resilience. |
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Abstract |
Monitoring and evaluation can help organizations involved in disasters learn from their responses to prior events and improve their performance over time. Using a data set of non-emergency service requests in New York City (NYC), this paper provides a method to evaluate and compare the performance of local governments in terms of service request response times after different disaster events. In particular, the proposed method can be used to compare such performance across divisions or boroughs in a city. To illustrate this, we evaluate the performance in five of NYC's boroughs: the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island, across seven major natural disaster events from 2010 to 2012. Our analyses show that Queens and Brooklyn demonstrate better performance than the other boroughs in almost all of the seven events under consideration. |
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Address |
Florida Atlantic University; Virginia Tech; Florida Atlantic University |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-20 |
ISBN |
2411-3406 |
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Track |
Analytical Modeling and Simulation |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
mbaghersad@fau.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2221 |
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Author |
Toshihiro Osaragi |
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Title |
Accessibility Evaluation of Specific Emergency Transportation Roads and Benefits of Seismic Retrofits on Buildings Adjoining Roads |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
143-156 |
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Keywords |
Accessibility of Emergency Vehicle, Specific Emergency Transportation Road, Quake-Resistant-Conversion of Building, Large Earthquake. |
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Abstract |
Securing the accessibility of emergency vehicles using specific emergency transportation road (SETR) is crucial for the rapid activities of emergency vehicles after a large earthquake. In this paper, we construct a simulation model that describes collapse of roadside buildings and following street blockages, and evaluate the accessibility of emergency vehicles. Performing the simulations, we demonstrate the effects of quake-resistant-conversion of roadside buildings as follows: (1) the accessibility of emergency vehicles using SETR is not good enough under the current situation, but (2) can be significantly improved by performing seismic retrofit of buildings according to seismic index of building structure. |
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Address |
Tokyo Institute of Technology |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-14 |
ISBN |
2411-3400 |
Medium |
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Track |
Analytical Modeling and Simulation |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
osaragi.t.aa@m.titech.ac.jp |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2215 |
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Author |
Eric Rigaud; Anouck Adrot; Frank Fiedrich; Nour Kanaan; Miriam Klein; Farnaz Mahdavian; Yannic Schulte; Marcus Wiens; Frank Schultmann |
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Title |
Borderland Resilience Studies |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
338-355 |
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Keywords |
Borderland, Resilience, Risk Assessment, Command Control and Coordination. |
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Abstract |
This article describes the definition and characteristics of borderland resilience studies as an academic field, and precisely its core phenomenon, major themes or components and challenges. The phenomenon of borderland resilience is firstly defined. The results of empirical studies complete the conceptual description. Finally, the article proposes a set of research and development challenges. |
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Address |
MINES ParisTech, PSL – Research University, CRC, Sophia Antipolis, France; Universite Paris Dauphine, PSL – Research University, Paris, France; Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany; Universite Paris Dauphine, PSL – Research University, Paris, France; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruh, Germany; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruh, Germany; Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsuh, Germany; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruh, Germany |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-33 |
ISBN |
2411-3419 |
Medium |
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Track |
Data and Resilience: Opportunities and Challenges |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
Eric.rigaud@mines-paristech.fr |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2234 |
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Author |
Alessandro Farasin; Luca Colomba; Giulio Palomba; Giovanni Nini |
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Title |
Supervised Burned Areas Delineation by Means of Sentinel-2 Imagery and Convolutional Neural Networks |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1060-1071 |
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Keywords |
Burned Area Delineation, Sentinel-2, U-Net, CuMedVision1, Convolutional Neural Network, Deep Learning, Supervised Learning, Pixel-wise Segmentation. |
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Abstract |
Wildfire events are increasingly threatening our lands, cities, and lives. To contrast this phenomenon and to limit its damages, governments around the globe are trying to find proper counter-measures, identifying prevention and monitoring as two key factors to reduce wildfires impact worldwide. In this work, we propose two deep convolutional neural networks to automatically detect and delineate burned areas from satellite acquisitions, assessing their performances at scale using validated maps of burned areas of historical wildfires. We demonstrate that the proposed networks substantially improve the burned area delineation accuracy over conventional methods. |
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Address |
Politecnico di Torino – DAUIN dept., and LINKS Foundation – DSISA dept.; Politecnico di Torino – DAUIN dept.; LINKS Foundation – DSISA dept.; LINKS Foundation – DSISA dept. |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-96 |
ISBN |
2411-3482 |
Medium |
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Track |
Using Artificial Intelligence to exploit Satellite Data in Risk and Crisis Management |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
alessandro.farasin@polito.it |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2297 |
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Author |
Mari Olsén; Niklas Hallberg; Per-Anders Oskarsson; Magdalena Granåsen |
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Title |
Exploring Capabilities that Constitute Inter-Organizational Crisis Management |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
417-426 |
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Keywords |
Capability, Inter-organizational crisis management, Exercises, Assessment. |
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Abstract |
Crises are infrequent, unpredictable and complex events. Managing such events requires well-prepared and well-coordinated efforts by several response organizations. Hence, a sufficient inter-organizational crisis management (ICM) capability is critical for sustainable societies. To ensure the ICM capability, approaches for enhancing and evaluating it are needed. The objective of this study was to identify and elaborate a clearly defined set of capabilities that constitutes ICM capability. The study was performed by an explorative literature study, where identified capabilities related to ICM were clustered. The cluster of capabilities was iteratively evaluated and refined. The study resulted in 14 capabilities that constitute ICM capability, which were divided into core, supportive, and enabling capabilities. The set of capabilities may provide a foundation for a framework of ICM capability with the ability to support assessment of ICM performance both in exercises and in real ICM operations, as well as in the design of ICM exercises. |
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Address |
Swedish Defence Research Agency; Swedish Defence Research Agency; Swedish Defence Research Agency; Swedish Defence Research Agency |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-40 |
ISBN |
2411-3426 |
Medium |
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Track |
Enhancing resilient response in inter-organizational contexts: Learning from experience |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
mari.olsen@foi.se |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2241 |
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Author |
Harrison Cole |
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Title |
Accessible Mitigation Planning: Tactile Hazard Map Design and Evaluation |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1031-1037 |
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Keywords |
Cartography; Accessibility; Disability; Tactile; Mitigation Planning |
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Abstract |
While creating a community hazard mitigation plan (HMP) has become recognized as a key component of successful disaster management, significant portions of the process are often inaccessible to people with vision disabilities. Maps in particular are often large, visually dense documents that are printed on two-dimensional paper, or distributed via PDF with no alternate text. For people with profound low vision or who are blind, alternative media is required. The research discussed here proposes that tactile maps may present an accessible and cost-effective medium for representing geospatial data relevant to the hazard mitigation planning process. Using flood insurance rate maps (FIRMs) distributed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) as a starting point, this paper proposes an evaluatory framework for transcribing conventional maps into tactile documents, as well as characterizing users' experiences using them for mitigation planning, directions for future research and generalizing the process for applications in other domains. |
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Address |
The Pennsylvania State University |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-93 |
ISBN |
2411-3479 |
Medium |
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Track |
Usability and Universal Design of ICT for Emergency Management |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
harrisoncole@psu.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2294 |
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Author |
Nilani Algiriyage; Raj Prasanna; Emma E H Doyle; Kristin Stock; David Johnston |
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Title |
Traffic Flow Estimation based on Deep Learning for Emergency Traffic Management using CCTV Images |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
100-109 |
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Keywords |
CCTV Big Data, YOLOv3, Traffic Flow Estimation. |
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Abstract |
Emergency Traffic Management (ETM) is one of the main problems in smart urban cities. This paper focuses on selecting an appropriate object detection model for identifying and counting vehicles from closed-circuit television (CCTV) images and then estimating traffic flow as the first step in a broader project. Therefore, a case is selected at one of the busiest roads in Christchurch, New Zealand. Two experiments were conducted in this research; 1) to evaluate the accuracy and speed of three famous object detection models namely faster R-CNN, mask R-CNN and YOLOv3 for the data set, 2) to estimate the traffic flow by counting the number of vehicles in each of the four classes such as car, bus, truck and motorcycle. A simple Region of Interest (ROI) heuristic algorithm is used to classify vehicle movement direction such as \quotes{left-lane} and \quotes{right-lane}. This paper presents the early results and discusses the next steps. |
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Address |
Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University; Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University; |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-10 |
ISBN |
2411-3396 |
Medium |
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Track |
AI Systems for Crisis and Risks |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
r.nilani@massey.ac.nz |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2211 |
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Author |
Hussain A. Syed; Marén Schorch; Volkmar Pipek |
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Title |
Disaster Learning Aid: A Chatbot Centric Approach for Improved Organizational Disaster Resilience |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
448-457 |
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Keywords |
Chatbot; CALS; SMEs; Organizations; Disaster Resilience |
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Abstract |
The increasingly frequent occurrence of organizational crises exemplifies the need to strengthen organizational resilience. An example of business organizations is small and medium enterprises (SMEs) which contribute largely to the economic growth. But often, their limited resources (manpower, time, financial capital), organizational structure, focus on operational routines and less priority towards disaster resilience make them more vulnerable to crisis than bigger companies. The proposed solution addresses this dilemma by establishing a collaborative medium within the organization to improve disaster resilience by raising awareness and self-learning in employees without overburdening their constrained routines and resources. Our work in progress demonstrates a conceptual model of a learning aid (collaboration channel and a chatbot) that supports the pedagogical methodologies and employs them for enhancing learnability and awareness and elaborates the usability of interactive learning instilling disaster resilience in employees and hence in an organization. |
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Address |
University of Siegen, Germany; University of Siegen, Germany; University of Siegen, Germany |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-43 |
ISBN |
2411-3429 |
Medium |
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Track |
Enhancing Resilient Response in Inter-Organizational Contexts: Learning from Experience |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
hussain.syed@uni-siegen.de |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2244 |
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Author |
Lars Gerhold; Roman Peperhove; Edda Brandes |
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Title |
Using Scenarios in a Living Lab for improving Emergency Preparedness |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
568-579 |
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Keywords |
Civil Protection, Emergency Preparedness, Scenario, Living Lab, Knowledge Transfer. |
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Abstract |
Emergency preparedness and management processes are highly influenced by the use of digital technologies. Unfortunately, due to their rapid development, stakeholders from civil protection as well as policy makers often are not aware of new technological possibilities, their potentials and risks. This paper offers a methodological approach to experience evolving technologies by using scenarios in a living lab, equipped with demonstrators from recent research projects. The scenarios are presented to stakeholders from civil protection and policy making by telling a future story about the potential usage of emerging technologies. The Future Security Lab allows addressees to see, understand and use technologies that may become relevant within the next five to ten years and so a profound basis for knowledge transfer is offered. The case study “Digitalization of Emergency Preparedness 2025” demonstrates how scenarios can be used to integrate demonstrators in stories about the future of civil protection. First results of an evaluation provide positive feedback from attendees. |
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Address |
Freie Universität Berlin; Freie Universität Berlin |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-53 |
ISBN |
2411-3439 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
lars.gerhold@fu-berlin.de |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2254 |
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Author |
Michael Holzhüter; Ulrich Meissen |
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Title |
A Decentralized Reference Architecture for Interconnected Systems in Emergency Management |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
961-972 |
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Keywords |
Civil Protection; Emergency Management; Interoperability; Interconnected Collaboration; Resilient Architecture |
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Abstract |
Optimal communication and information exchange are key elements for handling complex crises or disaster situations. With the increasing number of heterogeneous ICT systems, also raises the importance of adequate support for interconnectivity and information logistics between stakeholders to thoroughly gather information and to make quick but precise decisions. The main purpose of the information exchange is then to manage the crisis as quickly as possible, to provide full information to protect first responders' health and safety, to optimally dispatch resources, and to ensure coordination between different relief forces. Based on an end user survey with a particular focus on first responders, this paper introduces an evolutionary architecture to enable information exchange in crises situation or disasters. The aim is to provide a decentralized approach among heterogeneous ICT-systems which abstracts from the underlying communication technologies and heterogeneity of connected systems and fulfills the functional and non-functional requirements from end users. |
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Address |
Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin; Fraunhofer-Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme; Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin; Fraunhofer-Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-86 |
ISBN |
2411-3472 |
Medium |
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Track |
Technologies for First Responders |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
michael.holzhueter@fokus.fraunhofer.de |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2287 |
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Author |
Stephan Weijman; Kenny Meesters |
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Title |
Shifting Control and Trust: Exploring Implications of Introducing Delegated Decision Support Systems |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
285-294 |
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Keywords |
Command & Control (C2), Information Systems, Delegated decision-making, Empowerment, Trust & Control. |
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Abstract |
Increased information access and more intelligent information systems enable more operators in an organization to autonomously make decisions. These delegated decision-making opportunities play an important role during critical events, as operators -such as emergency teams and responders- can work independently and rely less on a centralized decision-making structure. Moreover, the operators' perceived level of trust increases while also limiting the coordinators' perceived control. In this paper, we examine the influence of such systems on the shift in perceived control and empowerment for both operators and commanders. In our experiments, conducted at the Royal Netherlands Air Force, we found that the introduction of these systems indeed affects perceived control and empowerment, specifically as perceived by the coordinator. These factors will play an important role in the effective use of such systems and their transformative effect on an organization. Especially considering the ongoing technical and organizational developments in crisis information management. |
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Address |
Royal Netherlands Air Force; Tilburg University |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-28 |
ISBN |
2411-3414 |
Medium |
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Track |
Command & Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
s.weijman@mindef.nl |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2229 |
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Author |
Erik AM Borglund; Martina Granholm |
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Title |
You Talk the Talk – But What Do You Talk About? |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
295-302 |
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Keywords |
Command and Control, Common Operational Picture, Talk-Groups, TETRA, Transboundary Crisis. |
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Abstract |
Post-crisis analysis of transboundary crises in Sweden is problematic due to limited documentation. We believe that there is a need to find tools to better understand the command and control, and to understand how the information sharing that takes place during larger crises works. This paper presents the results of an ongoing research, as well as findings about how the TETRA system is used for information sharing in transboundary crises. The data used was collected from two large emergency exercises, where Swedish, Finnish and Norwegian TETRA systems were merged. Communication in 10 shared talk groups was recorded, transcribed and analyzed. The communication in shared TETRA-talk-groups mostly focused on information about the accident, the recourses and first respond units, as well as the actions of each unit. The research also exemplifies and shows that communication within TETRA-talk-groups in transboundary crisis can give new insight into how command and control works. |
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Address |
Mid Sweden University; Mid Sweden University |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-29 |
ISBN |
2411-3415 |
Medium |
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Track |
Command & Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
erik.borglund@miun.se |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2230 |
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Author |
Tomasz Opach; Jan Ketil Rød; Bjørn Erik Munkvold; Jaziar Radianti; Kristine Steen-Tveit; Lars Ole Grottenberg |
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Title |
Map-based Interfaces for Common Operational Picture |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
506-516 |
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Keywords |
Common Operational Picture, Situational Awareness, Map-based Interface, Cartographic Design, Cartographic Symbolization. |
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Abstract |
Common operational picture (COP) map-based interfaces display operational information to support integration of emergency responders. Such interfaces integrate different subsystems and present the resulting information into an overview for enabling situation awareness. Literature shows that they are often developed from non-user-centric perspectives and are defined in technological terms that are not adequately capturing the users' needs. Therefore, the aim of this particular work in progress is to get insight into the features and the role of COP map-based interfaces currently being used in Norway to (1) examine their content, functionality, and design; and (2) to understand how such displays are incorporated into the service context. This study structures the knowledge on map displays that constitute part of the COP services. Using workshop and interviews with the developers and users of existing COP map services, we identify requirements for a common operational symbology and common operational functionality to improve such map services and make them interoperable. |
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Address |
Norwegian University of Science and Technology / Linköping University; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; University of Agder; University of Agder; University of Agder; University of Stavanger |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-48 |
ISBN |
2411-3434 |
Medium |
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Track |
Geospatial Technologies and Geographic Information Science for Crisis Management (GIS) |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
tomasz.opach@ntnu.no |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2249 |
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Author |
Josep Cobarsí; Laura Calvet |
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Title |
Community resilience instruments: Chances of improvement through customization and integration? |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
381-388 |
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Keywords |
Community Resilience, Measurement Instruments, Disaster Risk Reduction, Stakeholders, Data. |
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Abstract |
Resilience is understood as the ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate, adapt to, transform and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner. So far, dozens of measurement instruments have been developed to measure community resilience to disasters, considering each one different types of hazards (general, natural, climate, man-made, etc.) and communities (general, urban, rural, etc.). However, none of these instruments has been widely adopted yet. In this context, we discuss important gaps for resilience research and practice. Then, we propose a conceptual framework to review community resilience instruments, so to enhance their improvement through two facets (or dimensions) we propose of customization and integration. This framework is characterized by the following properties for community resilience instruments: encapsulation, intelligibility, geographical focus, hazard range focus, connectivity, adaptability to dynamic conditions, datification, and stakeholders' involvement. We look forward to apply this framework to review a purposive sample of community resilience instruments regarding natural disasters. |
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Address |
Computer Science, Multimedia and Telecommunication Studies. Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Barcelona (Spain); Computer Science, Multimedia and Telecommunication Studies. Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Barcelona (Spain) |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-36 |
ISBN |
2411-3422 |
Medium |
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Track |
Data and Resilience: Opportunities and Challenges |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
jcobarsi@uoc.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2237 |
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Author |
Haiyan Hao; Yan Wang |
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Title |
Hurricane Damage Assessment with Multi-, Crowd-Sourced Image Data: A Case Study of Hurricane Irma in the City of Miami |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
825-837 |
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Keywords |
Computer Vision, Damage Assessment, Disaster Management, Insurance Claims, Social Networking Platforms. |
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Abstract |
The massive crowdsourced data generated on social networking platforms (e.g. Twitter and Flickr) provide free, real-time data for damage assessment (DA) even during catastrophes. Recent studies leveraging crowdsourced data for DA mainly focused on analyzing textual formats. Crowdsourced images can provide rich and objective information about damage conditions, however, are rarely researched for DA purposes. The highly-varied content and loosely-defined damage forms make it difficult to process and analyze the crowdsourced images. To address this problem, we propose a data-driven DA method based on multi-, crowd-sourced images, which includes five machine learning classifiers organized in a hierarchical structure. The method is validated with a case study investigating the damage condition of the City of Miami caused by Hurricane Irma. The outcome is then compared with a metric derived from NFIP insurance claims data. The proposed method offers a resource for rapid DA that supplements conventional DA methods. |
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Address |
University of Florida; University of Florida |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-73 |
ISBN |
2411-3459 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
hhao@ufl.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2274 |
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Author |
Aditya Irfansyah; Adam Widera; Mark Haselkorn; Bernd Hellingrath |
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Title |
Current Trends and Future Challenges in Congestion Management |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
622-636 |
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Keywords |
Congestion Management, Traffic Incident Management, Intelligent Transportation System, Traffic Management System, Future Mobility, Social Evolution, Future Challenges. |
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Abstract |
Traffic congestion creates multidimensional impacts that require stakeholders' integration and coordination. This paper tries to close the research gaps in congestion management by examining a case study of integrated solutions of congestion measures and analyzing future challenges in congestion management based on two selected factors. The authors develop the result from the literature study and an expert interview that provides a better perspective on the case study. The study generates a new perspective on reviewing the organizational aspect of integrated congestion management measures. Secondly, it starts a discussion on future challenges in congestion management and connects the domain of future mobility with congestion theories as an independent discussion. |
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Address |
University of Münster; University of Münster; University of Washington; University of Münster |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-58 |
ISBN |
2411-3444 |
Medium |
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Track |
Practitioner-centered Logistics and Supply Chain Management in Crisis Response |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
irfansyah@uni-muenster.de |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2259 |
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Author |
Anne-Marie Barthe-Delanoë; Wenxin Mu |
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Title |
Towards a Context-Aware Systemic Risk Management Framework for the Crisis Response |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1122-1129 |
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Keywords |
Context-Awareness; Risk Analysis; Risk Evaluation; Knowledge Base; Systemic Risk |
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Abstract |
Crisis response is, as any other collaborative networked organization, challenged by changes and vulnerabilities. Moreover, as a complex system with distributed activities and numerous interdependencies, considering the risk of such an organization at a systemic level, including time and space dimensions, is necessary. Systemic risk management is a topic traditionally studied in the finance area. Even if a few researches now focus on the supply chain management area (a more relatable domain regarding crisis response), there is even fewer literature regarding systemic risk management for the crisis response. Thus, this paper proposes first to define systemic risk related to the case of the crisis response. Then, a framework for context-aware systemic risk management is presented, to support the design as well as the follow-up of the crisis response, meeting one of the challenges of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. |
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Address |
Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France; Department of Information Management, Jiao Tong University, Beijing, China |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-101 |
ISBN |
2411-3487 |
Medium |
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Track |
Visions for Future Crisis Management |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
annemarie.barthe@ensiacet.fr |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2302 |
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Author |
Deena Disraelly; Laura Itle |
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Title |
Providing Reliable Assistance Faster: Secure, Modern, Mission-Capable Credentialing to Support Disaster Operations |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1140-1143 |
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Keywords |
Credentialing; Disaster Support; Clearance; Suitability; Volunteer |
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Abstract |
The public sector, including state and local government, public health, and emergency management; the private sector; and the Federal Government jointly face challenges with rapidly collecting and validating credentials for individuals applying for employment or volunteering for emergencies, vetting security clearances, and ascertaining suitability. In 2017, for instance, credentialing gaps delayed employees and volunteers from contributing much-needed skills in disaster areas during one of the worst hurricane and wildfire seasons on record while Federal agencies inadvertently issued interim clearances to individuals with criminal records. We propose a secure, modern, mission-capable information technology solution to these with the United States Postal Service hosting this streamlined process by serving as the hub for collection, validation, and transfer of pertinent data. The solution would introduce access points in over 5,000 communities for citizens participating in disaster support operations, as well as those requiring credentialing for employment as part of day-to-day operations. |
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Address |
Institute for Defence Analysis, Virginia USA; Institute for Defence Analysis, Virginia USA |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-103 |
ISBN |
2411-3489 |
Medium |
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Track |
Visions for Future Crisis Management |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
ddisrael@ida.org |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2304 |
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Author |
James A. Reep; Andrea Tapia |
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Title |
Toward an Organizational Technology Adoption Process (OTAP) for Social Media Integration in a PSAP |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
718-729 |
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Keywords |
Crisis informatics, Organizational Change, Technology Adoption, Social Media, OTAP |
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Abstract |
Integration of social media in emergency response environments presents specific organizational challenges, such as lack of resources or information credibility. Additionally, there exists individual resistance to change in these environments that could potentially discourage adoption. To identify and understand these challenges, we conducted semi-structured group interviews with emergency call takers and dispatchers. We find that these PSAP operators desire participation and explanation of changes throughout the organizational change process. Participants also articulated they desired training regarding change even when not directly affected. Though change management procedures often call for these strategies, they are commonly overlooked, leaving individuals to imagine worse case scenarios that manifest as additional stress in an already stressful work environment. It is suggested that a formalized change management process which directly addresses the identified challenges within the organizational technology adoption process (OTAP) is needed in order to mitigate undue stress. |
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Address |
The Pennsylvania State University; The Pennsylvania State University |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-65 |
ISBN |
2411-3451 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
jar5757@psu.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2266 |
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Author |
Lise Ann St. Denis; Amanda Lee Hughes; Jeremy Diaz; Kylen Solvik; Maxwell B. Joseph; Jennifer K. Balch |
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Title |
'What I Need to Know is What I Don't Know!': Filtering Disaster Twitter Data for Information from Local Individuals |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
730-743 |
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Keywords |
Crisis Informatics, Social Media, Emergency Management, Situational Awareness. |
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Abstract |
We report on the design, development, and evaluation of a user labeling framework for social media monitoring by emergency responders. By labeling Twitter user accounts based on behavior and content, this novel approach identifies tweets from accounts belonging to Individuals generating Personalized content and captures information that might otherwise be missed. We evaluate the framework using training data from the 2018 Camp, Woolsey, and Hill fires. Approximately 30% of the Individual-Personalized tweets contain first-hand information, providing a rich stream of content for social media monitoring. Because it can quickly eliminate most redundant tweets, this framework could be a critical first step in an end-to-end information extraction pipeline. It may also generalize more easily for new disaster events since it relies on general user account attributes rather than tweet content. We conclude with next steps for refining and evaluating our framework in near real-time during a disaster response. |
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Address |
CIRES, Earth Lab, University of Colorado, Boulder; Crisis Informatics Lab Brigham Young University; Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, Department of Geography, Penn State University; CIRES, Earth Lab, Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder; CIRES, Earth Lab, University of Colorado, Boulder; CIRES, Earth Lab, Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-66 |
ISBN |
2411-3452 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
Lise.St.Denis@Colorado.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2267 |
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Author |
Flavio Dusse; Renato Novais; Manoel Mendonça |
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Title |
A Visual Analytics Based Model for Crisis Management Decision-Making |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
157-166 |
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Keywords |
Crisis Management, Decision-Making, Visual Analytics, Model. |
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Abstract |
Crisis Management (CM) refers to the ability to deal with crisis tasks in different phases and iterations. People working in a crisis are generally under pressure to make the right decision at the right time. They must process large amounts of data and assimilate the received information in an intuitive way. Visual Analytics (VA) is potentially useful to analyze and understand the huge amount of data in several areas including in a crisis. We propose a model based on VA to support decision-making in CM. The aim of the model is to help visualization designers to create effective VA interfaces, to help crisis managers to make quick and assertive decisions with them. In previous studies, we carried out a survey protocol with a multi-method approach to collect data on crisis related decision-making and analyze all these data qualitatively with formal techniques during the large events held in Brazil in recent years. In this work, we used our previous findings to develop the proposed model. We validated it using the focus group technique. With the new findings, we identified relevant insights on the use of VA for crisis management. We hope that, with these continuous cycles of validation and improvement, the agencies that manage crises might use our model as a reference for building more effective IT decision-making infrastructures based on VA. |
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Address |
Federal University of Bahia; Federal Institute of Bahia; Federal University of Bahia |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-15 |
ISBN |
2411-3401 |
Medium |
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Track |
Analytical Modeling and Simulation |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
dussebr@dcc.ufba.br |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2216 |
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Author |
Jean-Paul Monet; Pierre Schaller; Sergio Pirone; Marc Castellnou Ribau; Stéphane Poyau; Marc Dumas |
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Title |
Civil Protection in Europe: Towards a Unified Command System? Lessons Learned, Studies and Ideas About Change Management |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
315-325 |
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Keywords |
Crisis Management, Incident, Command and Control System, Interoperability, European Union. |
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Abstract |
After the summer 2017 deadly wildfires in Portugal, President Juncker of the European Commission asked for “a stronger European Union (EU)”, clearly targeting civil protection management. This wish found achievement in the March 2019 guidance to establish a reserve of EU response capacities called “rescEU”, integrated into the jurisdictional basis of EU civil protection. However, the authors regret the ambition of this plan has not been fulfilled. Due to some very “European constraints” this “new deal” has introduced only small changes in terms of resources and knowledge management. In each of the past several years, climate change has brought new examples of fatal natural disasters: wildfires in Sweden, and Greece, and flash floods in Spain and France. Because of this continuous rise in disasters, and based on some lessons learned, the authors stress that it's now time to shape a project to improve European Civil Protection. The idea is to move from the already good modular system of the EU Civil Protection Mechanism to an integrated, robust, and unique European Command System, which clearly must be fully interoperable with other existing mechanisms (US ICS, UNOCHA...). |
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Address |
Bouches-du-Rhône Fire department; National French Fire Academy (Ensosp); Corpo forestal Piemonte, Italy; Pau Costa foundation, Spain; Landes Fire department; Bouches-du-Rhône Fire department |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-31 |
ISBN |
2411-3417 |
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Track |
Command & Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
jpmonet@sdis13.fr |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2232 |
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Author |
Björn JE Johansson; Amanda Jaber; Joeri van Laere; Peter Berggren |
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Title |
Crisis Response During Payment Disruptions – The Themes of TRAMS |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
264-275 |
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Keywords |
Crisis Management, Payment Disruptions, Resilience, Thematic Analysis. |
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Abstract |
A qualitative analysis of observation protocols and audio recordings from 14 crisis response exercises has been conducted revealing eight themes reoccurring in multi-disciplinary team discussions about crisis response to large disruptions to the card payment system. The themes were: Coordinate and collaborate, Payment options, Cash circulation, Fuel and transportation, Security, Inform, communicate and the media, Hoarding and rationing, and Vulnerable groups. The analysis suggest that Swedish society is vulnerable to disruptions in the card payment services, largely due to a low diversity in payment options, the lack of prepared back up solutions for payment, and insufficient cash flows to support a cash only scenario. A longer (several days) disruption in the card payment system will demand coordinating mechanisms for information management, available payment options, and preparedness for rapid establishment of cash flows. Today, these mechanisms do not exist. Simulation exercises with stake-holders are an important mean for increasing awareness about these vulnerabilities and the challenges associated with coping with them. |
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Address |
Linköping University; Linköping University; Skövde University; Linköping University |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-26 |
ISBN |
2411-3412 |
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Track |
Command & Control Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
bjorn.j.johansson@liu.se |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2227 |
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Author |
Gerasimos Antzoulatos; Panagiotis Giannakeris; Ilias Koulalis; Anastasios Karakostas; Stefanos Vrochidis; Ioannis Kompatsiaris |
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Title |
A Multi-Layer Fusion Approach For Real-Time Fire Severity Assessment Based on Multimedia Incidents |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Pages |
75-89 |
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Keywords |
Crisis Management, Real-Time Fire Severity Assessment, Image Recognition, Object Detection, Semantic Segmentation. |
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Abstract |
Shock forest fires have short and long-terms devastating impact on the sustainable management and viability of natural, cultural and residential environments, the local and regional economies and societies. Thus, the utilisation of risk-based decision support systems which encapsulate the technological achievements in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and fire growth simulation models have rapidly increased in the last decades. On the other hand, the rise of image and video capturing technology, the usage mobile and wearable devices, and the availability of large amounts of multimedia in social media or other online repositories has increased the interest in the image understanding domain. Recent computer vision techniques endeavour to solve several societal problems with security and safety domains to be one of the most serious amongst others. Out of the millions of images that exist online in social media or news articles a great deal of them might include the existence of a crisis or emergency event. In this work, we propose a Multi-Layer Fusion framework, for Real-Time Fire Severity Assessment, based on knowledge extracted from the analysis of Fire Multimedia Incidents. Our approach consists of two levels: (a) an Early Fusion level, in which state-of-the-art image understanding techniques are deployed so as to discover fire incidents and objects from images, and (b) the Decision Fusion level which combines multiple fire incident reports aiming to assess the severity of the ongoing fire event. We evaluate our image understanding techniques in a collection of public fire image databases, and generate simulated incidents and feed them to our Decision Fusion level so as to showcase our method's applicability. |
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Address |
Information Technologies Institute (ITI) – Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH); Information Technologies Institute (ITI) – Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH); Information Technologies Institute (ITI) – Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH);Information Technologies Institute (ITI) – Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH);Information Technologies Institute (ITI) – Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH);Information Technologies Institute (ITI) – Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH) |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-8 |
ISBN |
2411-3394 |
Medium |
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Track |
AI Systems for Crisis and Risks |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
gantzoulatos@iti.gr |
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no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2209 |
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Author |
Md Fitrat Hossain; Thomas Kissane; Priyanka Annapureddy; Wylie Frydrychowicz; Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed; Naveen Bansal; Praveen Madiraju; Niharika Jain; Mark Flower; Katinka Hooyer; Lisa Rein; Zeno Franco |
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Title |
Implementing Algorithmic Crisis Alerts in mHealth Systems for Veterans with PTSD |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2020 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
122-133 |
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Keywords |
Crisis; Machine Learning Algorithms; mHealth; PTSD |
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Abstract |
This paper seeks to establish a machine learning driven method by which a military veteran with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is classified as being in a crisis situation or not, based upon a given set of criteria. Optimizing alerting decision rules is critical to ensure that veterans at highest risk for mental health crisis rapidly receive additional attention. Subject matter experts in our team (a psychologist, a medical anthropologist, and an expert veteran), defined acute crisis, early warning signs and long-term crisis from this dataset. First, we used a decision tree to find an early time point when the peer mentors (who are also veterans) need to observe the behavior of veterans to make a decision about conducting an intervention. Three different machine learning algorithms were used to predict long term crisis using acute crisis and early warning signs within the determined time point. |
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Address |
Marquette University; Marquette University; Marquette University; Marquette University; Marquette University; Marquette University; Marquette University; Marquette University; Mental Health America; Medical College of Wisconsin; Medical College of Wisconsin; Medical College of Wisconsin |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Virginia Tech |
Place of Publication |
Blacksburg, VA (USA) |
Editor |
Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
978-1-949373-27-12 |
ISBN |
2411-3398 |
Medium |
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Track |
AI Systems for Crisis and Risks |
Expedition |
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Conference |
17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
mdfitrat.hossain@marquette.edu |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2213 |
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