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Author Patrick Lieser; Julian Zobel; Björn Richerzhagen; Ralf Steinmetz pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Simulation Platform for Unmanned Aerial Systems in Emergency Ad Hoc Networks Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Simulation Platform; Unmanned Aerial Vehicles; Delay Tolerant Networks; Emergency Ad Hoc Networks  
  Abstract (up)  
  Address Technical University Darmstadt, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1726  
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Author Sammy Abdelghani Teffali; Nada Mattta; Eric Chatelet pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Generating Crisis Situation by Using Ontology and Fuzzy Theory Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Crisis, Fuzzy Theory, Ontology, Stress.  
  Abstract (up) A crisis is a complex situation, difficult to manage by the actors. Some of them are under stress it is difficult to

deal with problems when consequences cannot be predict. The human conditions (concerning familial and life)

and, the influence of the environment related to politics, economic, and media pushe the actors to lose control of

the crisis situation. The question we face in this paper is: ?is it possible to use the fuzzy theory for predicting the

stress impact in crisis?? Our main hypothesis to represent experience feedback in a situation prediction in order

to show negative consequences and correctness actions is taken account. Fuzzy theory concept is used in

prediction in order to generate several situations.
 
  Address University of technology of troyes, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T10- Knowledge, Semantics and AI for RISK and CRISIS management Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1852  
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Author Hans C.A. Wienen; Faiza A. Bukhsh; Eelco Vriezekolk; Roel J. Wieringa pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Applying Generic AcciMap to a DDOS Attack on a Western-European Telecom Operator Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Telecommunications, AcciMap, accident analysis, incident analysis  
  Abstract (up) After a large incident on a telecommunications network, the operator typically executes an incident analysis to

prevent future incidents. Research suggests that these analyses are done ad hoc, without a structured approach. In

this paper, we conduct an investigation of a large incident according to the AcciMap method. We find that this

method can be applied to telecommunications networks with a few small changes; we find that such a structured

approach yields many more actionable recommendations than a more focused approach and we find that both the

onset of an incident and the resolution phase merit their own analysis. We also find that such an analysis costs a

lot of effort and we propose a more efficient approach to using this method. An unexpected outcome was that

AcciMap may also be very useful for analyzing crisis organizations.
 
  Address University of Twente, Netherlands, The;Agentschap Telecom, The Netherlands  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T7- Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1925  
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Author Paige Maas; Shankar Iyer; Andreas Gros; Wonhee Park; Laura McGorman; Chaya Nayak; P. Alex Dow pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Facebook Disaster Maps: Aggregate Insights for Crisis Response & Recovery Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords crisis mapping, crisis informatics, GIS, social media  
  Abstract (up) After a natural disaster or other crisis, humanitarian organizations need to know where affected people are located

and what resources they need. While this information is difficult to capture quickly through conventional methods,

aggregate usage patterns of social media apps like Facebook can help fill these information gaps.

In this paper, we describe the data and methodology that power Facebook Disaster Maps. These maps utilize

information about Facebook usage in areas impacted by natural hazards, producing aggregate pictures of how the

population is affected by and responding to the hazard. The maps include insights into evacuations, cell network

connectivity, access to electricity, and long-term displacement.

In addition to descriptions and examples of each map type, we describe the source data used to generate the maps,

and efforts taken to ensure the security and privacy of Facebook users. We also describe limitations of the current

methodologies and opportunities for improvement.
 
  Address Facebook, United States of America  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 1912  
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Author Abbas Ganji; Tom Wilson; Sonia Saveli; Dharma Dailey; Mark Haselkorn pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Cause and Effect: A Qualitative Analysis of Obstacles to Information Sharing During a Regional Disaster Exercise Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Information Sharing; Disaster Response; Qualitative Analysis; Collaboration; Coordination  
  Abstract (up) After large-scale disasters, diverse partner agencies rely heavily on an information-sharing environment that supports collaborative work. In the U.S., this occurs under the Incident Command System (ICS), a structured organizational framework for coordinated action. We explore obstacles to information sharing and coordinationobserved at a county-level Emergency Operations Center (EOC) operating under ICS during the response phase of a large-scale regional disaster exercise. Textual observations collected in situ are analyzed for both the effect/manifestation and cause/source of barriers to information sharing. Two-thirds of barriers that manifest as computational issues are not caused by technology breakdowns, and a third caused by unclear processes manifest as computational issues. Overall, obstacles to collaborative work that appear to be related to computational issues are generally attributable to non-technical causes. This indicates that resources directed at improving collaborative management of disasters by enhancing technological capabilities are likely to be misdirected.  
  Address University of Washington, United States of America  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T2- Command and control studies Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1848  
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Author Robin Batard; Aurélie Montarnal; Frédérick Benaben; Caroline Rizza; Christophe Prieur; Andrea Tapia pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Integrating citizen initiatives in a technological platform for collaborative crisis management Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Citizens, Volunteers, Integration, IT Solution  
  Abstract (up) Although they can make a significant contribution to crisis response and management, citizens tend to be underestimated and under-integrated by official crisis responders. There is a necessity to take citizen contribution into crisis management tools, both for the information they can provide (information-focused volunteers) and the actions they can carry out (action-focused volunteers). Therefore, professionals need to be aware of the diverse ways citizens can help them to manage a critical situation: obviously by improving the situational awareness, but also by spontaneously performing tasks to meet specific needs on the ground.

After presenting the RIO-Suite software, a crisis management tool based on collaboration of stakeholders, this paper suggests ideas about how to make the most of action-focused volunteers to improve the orchestration of the crisis response. Given a volunteer action, four possible decision types are identified: Ignore, Stop, Consider and Support, and their consequences on 1) the crisis response and 2) the collaboration process are presented.
 
  Address Telecom ParisTech;IMT Mines Albi;The Pennsylvania State University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T15- Open Track Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1993  
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Author Rahul Pandey; Gaurav Bahl; Hemant Purohit pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title EMAssistant: A Learning Analytics System for Social and Web Data Filtering to Assist Trainees and Volunteers of Emergency Services Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Training System, Disaster Management, Active Learning, Humanitarian Technology, Social Media Mining  
  Abstract (up) An increasing number of Machine Learning based systems are being designed to filter and visualize the relevant

information from social media and web streams for disaster management. Given the dynamic disaster events, the

notion of relevant information evolves, and thus, the active learning techniques are often considered to keep

updating the predictive models for the relevant information filtering. However, the active relevant feedback

provided by the human annotators to update the models are not validated. As a result, they can introduce

unconscious biases in the learning process of humans and can result in an inaccurate or inefficient predictive

system. Therefore, this paper describes the design and implementation of an open-source technology-based

learning analytics system ? EMAssistant ? for the emergency volunteers or practitioners – referred as the trainee, to

enhance their experiential learning cycle with the cause-effect reasoning on providing relevant feedback to the

machine learning model. This continuous integration between the cause (providing feedback) and the effect

(observing predictions from the updated model) in a visual form will likely to improve the understanding of the

trainees to provide more accurate feedback. We propose to present the system design as well as provide

hands-on exercises for the conference session.
 
  Address George Mason University, United States of America  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T12- Tool Talks Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1900  
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Author Xukun Li; Doina Caragea; Cornelia Caragea; Muhammad Imran; Ferda Ofli pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Identifying Disaster Damage Images Using a Domain Adaptation Approach Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords image classification, disaster damage, domain adaptation, domain adversarial neural networks.  
  Abstract (up) Approaches for effectively filtering useful situational awareness information posted by eyewitnesses of disasters,

in real time, are greatly needed. While many studies have focused on filtering textual information, the research

on filtering disaster images is more limited. In particular, there are no studies on the applicability of domain

adaptation to filter images from an emergent target disaster, when no labeled data is available for the target disaster.

To fill in this gap, we propose to apply a domain adaptation approach, called domain adversarial neural networks

(DANN), to the task of identifying images that show damage. The DANN approach has VGG-19 as its backbone,

and uses the adversarial training to find a transformation that makes the source and target data indistinguishable.

Experimental results on several pairs of disasters suggest that the DANN model generally gives similar or better

results as compared to the VGG-19 model fine-tuned on the source labeled data.
 
  Address Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, United States of America;Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States of America;Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1853  
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Author Lixiong Chen; Monika Buscher; Yang Hu pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title On Liquid Ground: Contesting the facts around Shouguang Flood on Weibo Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Chinese social media, fact contestation, transparency, authenticity, trust  
  Abstract (up) As one of the most well-known social media platforms in China, Weibo provides an online public sphere. During the 2018 Shouguang flood, many people who were affected converged on the platform to discuss the disaster. The government ? the highest emergency management authority ? was accused of using censorship and other measures to suppress the coverage of the disaster. Based on an analysis of 34 qualitative interviews with Weibo users, of which nine directly address the Shouguang floods, this paper examines how three major actors contested facts and responsibilities during the disaster. Focusing on the state-censored, market-moderated social media context in China, our ongoing study provides new insights into a universal challenge of managing diverging interpretations and expectations in risk communication. We show that the establishing and framing of facts is inherently ethical and political. Time, time-space compression, liability and scales of risk responsibility emerge as critical points of friction. We draw on theories of risk governance, public discourse, computer supported collaborative work, and media studies for analysis and to articulate avenues for design.  
  Address Lancaster University, United Kingdom  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T3- Ethical, Legal and Social Issues Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1979  
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Author Prithviraj Dasgupta; Deepak Khazanchi pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title A Unified Approach Integrating Human Shared Mental Models with Intelligent Autonomous Team Formation for Crisis Management Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Crisis management team, intelligent autonomous system, coalition formation, shared mental model  
  Abstract (up) Autonomous systems are being exceedingly used to assist humans in various crisis responses scenarios such as earthquakes and nuclear disasters. Because they operate in highly unstructured and uncertain environments, failures are an inherent part of such autonomous systems, and, techniques for making these systems robust to failures arising from computer hardware, software or communication malfunctions are already integrated into their design. However, an important aspect while designing such systems is often times overlooked: how to better coordinate and communicate across distributed, possibly diverse human teams who are working in cooperation with autonomous systems into the design of the autonomous system itself. Unfortunately, this results in limited adoption of autonomous systems in real-life crisis scenarios. In this working paper, we describe ongoing work that attempts to address this deficit by integrating research on shared mental models between humans with techniques for autonomous agent team formation in the context of search and rescue scenarios.  
  Address University of Nebraska Omaha, United States of America;Center for Integrated Emergency management (CIEM), University of Agder, Norway  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T10- Knowledge, Semantics and AI for RISK and CRISIS management Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1929  
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Author Min Zhu; Ruxue Chen; Tianye Lin; Quanyi Huang; Guang Tian pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Describing and Forecasting the Medical Resources assignments for International Disaster Medical relief Forces Using an Injury-Driven Ontology Model Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Medical Resource Assignment, Disaster Medical Relief, Injury-Driven Ontology Model.  
  Abstract (up) Available medical resources are the basis of efficient disaster medical relief. The medical resources assignment for disaster medical relief forces is usually fixed. However, the injury condition distribution changes in different disaster and so does the demand for the medical resources. So the assignment of medical relief forces should be more flexible and based on the injury. We analyzed the component parts and rules of disaster medical relief, defining the related concepts and rules. Then, we constructed the describing rules of injury-treatment-medical-technique-resource-assignment process. Based on these, we established the ontology of disaster medical relief system and the injury-driven medical resources assignment ontology model (MRAOM). We used the model to describe the medical relief situation after earthquake to demonstrate the model could describe complicated situations. We also used the model to describe and forecast the medical resource assignment of treating batch wounded to demonstrate the model's validity.  
  Address 6th Medical Center of General Hospital of PLA, China;Tsinghua University, China, People's Republic of China  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T7- Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1926  
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Author Kathleen Ann Moore pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Dark Web, Black Markets: The Utility of Dark in Disaster Recovery Research Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Deep Web, Dark Web, Surface Web, Black Markets, Crisis Response, Crisis Management  
  Abstract (up) Black markets that develop after disaster events have potential to disrupt recovery efforts, and the Dark Web is the perfect facilitator of these markets. Lack of knowledge about the Dark Web: how to access it, how to safely, efficiently navigate the space, and prevailing myths about its dangers likely lead to this deficiency of research. To date, this area is a critically unexplored area of the Internet in the crisis research literature. This work examines this area of the Internet for utility and insight relevant to crisis managers. A pilot study on Puerto Rico in the months following Hurricane Maria reveals possible indicators of the development of black markets for prescription drugs, food, and water, which can impact long-term recovery and reconstruction efforts when these items are diverted from legal supply chains. As more people adopt this hidden part of the Internet, researchers and managers must do more to pay attention to activities that occur in this space.  
  Address James Madison University, United States of America  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T15- Open Track Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1918  
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Author Xiujuan Zhao; Jianguo Chen; Peng Du; Wei Xu; Ran Liu; Hongyong Yuan pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Location-allocation model for earthquake shelter solved using MPSO algorithm Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Earthquake shelter location-allocation, evacuation time minimization, objective, MPSO  
  Abstract (up) Constructing shelters in suitable quantities, with adequate capacities and at the right locations is essential for evacuees under earthquake disasters. As one of the disaster management methods, constructing shelters can help to significantly reduce disruption and devastation to affected population. Mathematical models have been used to solve this problem allied with a heuristic optimization algorithm. The optimization of evacuation efficiency, as one of the most important objectives, has many expressive forms, such as minimizing evacuation distance and evacuation time. This paper proposes a new model that aims to minimize evacuation time with a new calculation method and to maximize total evacuees? comfort level. The modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) algorithm is employed to solve the model and the result is compared with a model that calculated evacuation time differently and a model without distance constraint, respectively.  
  Address Tsinghua University, China, People's Republic of;Beijing Global Safety Technology Co., Ltd, China, People's Republic of;Beijng Normal University, China, People's Republic of  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1927  
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Author Flavio Dusse; Renato Novais; Manoel Mendonça pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Understanding the Main Themes Towards a Visual Analytics Based Model for Crisis Management Decision-Making Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Crisis Management, Decision-Making, Visual Analytics, Computational Model.  
  Abstract (up) Crisis Management (CM) refers to the ability to deal with crisis tasks in different phases and iterations. People working in a crisis are generally under stress to make the right decision at the right time. They have to process large amounts of data and to assimilate the received information in an intuitive and visual way. Visual Analytics (VA) is potentially useful to analyze and understand the huge amount of data in several areas including in a crisis. We designed a survey protocol to understand which themes influence visualizations to support CM. In previous work, we carried out systematic mapping studies, analysis of official documents, ethnographic studies, questionnaires during the large events held in Brazil in recent years. In this work, we interviewed eight CM specialists. We analyzed this data qualitatively with the coding technique. Then we evaluated the coding results with the focus group technique. With the results, we identified the relationships between the visual needs and other main themes of influence for CM. This thematic synthesis enabled us to build a draft model based on VA.

We hope that, after future cycles of validations and improvements, the agencies that manage crises might use this model as a reference in their activities of knowledge production and decision-making.
 
  Address UFBA, Brazil;IFBA, Brazil  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1878  
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Author Bas Lijnse pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Robust Private Web Maps with Open Tools and Open Data Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Maps, Web-Based Systems, Tools, Open Data, OpenStreetMap  
  Abstract (up) Crisis management information often has a geospatial dimension that allows it to be visualized on a map. As

more and more systems are developed as web-based applications, maps have also become a common sight in such

applications. The de-facto solution to add maps to web-based applications is to integrate a third-party service.

For web-based crisis management information systems, this approach has two disadvantages. First, the third-party

service must be available and reachable. Second, by using third-party services you implicitly share what you are

viewing, with the risk of unintentionally exposing sensitive location information. In this Tool Talks paper, we show

how to create a robust and private alternative for web-based maps using open source tools and open data.
 
  Address Netherlands Defence Academy / Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands, The  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T12- Tool Talks Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1875  
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Author Axel Dierich; Katerina Tzavella; Neysa Jacqueline Setiadi; Alexander Fekete; Florian Neisser pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Enhanced Crisis-Preparation of Critical Infrastructures through a Participatory Qualitative-Quantitative Interdependency Analysis Approach Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Critical Infrastructure Protection, Interdependency, Resilience, Vulnerability, Cascading Effects, Emergency Management, Participatory Approach  
  Abstract (up) Critical Infrastructure (CI) failures are aggravated by cascading effects due to interdependencies between

different infrastructure systems and with emergency management. Findings of the German, BMBF-funded

research project ?CIRMin? highlight needs for concrete assessments of such interdependencies. Driven by

challenges of limited data and knowledge accessibility, the developed approach integrates qualitative

information from expert interviews and discussions with quantitative, place-based analyses in three selected

German cities and an adjacent county.

This paper particularly discusses how the mixed methods approach has been operationalized. Based on

anonymized findings, it provides a comprehensive guidance to interdependency analysis, from survey and

categorization of system elements and interrelations, their possible mutual impacts, to zooming into selected

dependencies through GIS mapping. This facilitates reliably assessing the need for maintenance of critical

functionalities in crisis situations, available resources, auxiliary powers, and optimization of response time.
 
  Address inter 3 Institute for Resource Management, Germany;Technische Hochschule Köln, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1883  
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Author Sandra König; Stefan Schauer pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Cascading Threats in Critical Infrastructures with Control Systems Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Cascading failures, industrial control systems, critical infrastructures, hybrid situational awareness  
  Abstract (up) Critical infrastructures (CIs) increase in complexity due to numerous dependencies on other CIs but also due to the ongoing digitalization in the industry sector. This yields an increased risk of failure of a single CI as the overall systems gets very fragile and sensitive to errors Failure of a single component may affect large parts of an infrastructure due to cascading effects. One way to support functionality of a CI is the use of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) that allow monitoring remote sites and controlling processes. However, this is an additional source for threats as recent cyber-attacks have shown. Further, the additional information for such cyber systems is often not efficiently combined with existing information on the physical infrastructure. We here propose a method to combine these two sources of information in order to estimate the impact of a security incident on CIs, taking into account cascading effects of threats. An implementation of the model allows simulation of the dynamics inside a CI and yields a record of the status of each asset of the CI. The way the assets change their states illustrates the consequences of an incident on the entire CI. Visualization of the results provides an overview on the situation of the entire CI at a certain point of time and a sequence of such visualization over an entire period of time illustrates the changes over time. The results from this analysis may be used to support security officers in analyzing the current (hybrid) state of their CI in case of an incident and thus increase the hybrid situational awareness.  
  Address Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1932  
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Author Ingo J. Timm; Bernhard Hess; Fabian Lorig pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Data Acquisition for ad-hoc Evacuation Simulations of Public Buildings Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Evacuation of Public Buildings, Data Fusion, Data Aggregation, Crowd Simulation, Social Simulation  
  Abstract (up) Crowd simulation is suitable to evaluate evacuation strategies but its validity strongly depends on the quality of input

data. The acquisition of adequate input data is particularly challenging when simulating the evacuation of public

buildings such as universities. As they are publicly accessible, the exact number of persons on site is unknown.

Yet, to investigate specific emergency situations by means of simulation, e.g. amok or fire, information is required

about distribution and amount of people within the building at a specific point of time. Due to data privacy, public

buildings do not implement access control. However, data artifacts are available in various information systems,

e.g., wifi data, room administration. Our hypothesis is, that the acquisition and fusion of such data artifacts is

sufficient to enable data-based ad-hoc simulation of evacuation scenarios as decision support for the operations

management. To this end, we introduce a procedure for the situation-dependent collection fusion of simulation

input data. Furthermore, a case study is provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach.
 
  Address Trier University, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T5- Intelligent and Semantic Web Systems Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1949  
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Author Ana Rodríguez-Hoyos; José Estrada-Jiménez; David Rebollo-Monedero; Jordi Forné; Rubén Trapero Burgos; Antonio Álvarez Romero; Rodrigo Diaz Rodríguez pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Anonymizing Cybersecurity Data in Critical Infrastructures: The CIPSEC Approach Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords privacy, critical infrastructures, data anonymization, CIPSEC, security logs  
  Abstract (up) Cybersecurity logs are permanently generated by network devices to describe security incidents. With modern

computing technology, such logs can be exploited to counter threats in real time or before they gain a foothold.

To improve these capabilities, logs are usually shared with external entities. However, since cybersecurity logs

might contain sensitive data, serious privacy concerns arise, even more when critical infrastructures (CI), handling

strategic data, are involved.

We propose a tool to protect privacy by anonymizing sensitive data included in cybersecurity logs. We implement

anonymization mechanisms grouped through the definition of a privacy policy. We adapt said approach to the

context of the EU project CIPSEC that builds a unified security framework to orchestrate security products, thus

offering better protection to a group of CIs. Since this framework collects and processes security-related data from

multiple devices of CIs, our work is devoted to protecting privacy by integrating our anonymization approach.
 
  Address Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, España;Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Quito, Ecuador;ATOS, Madrid, España  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T13 - Privacy Risk Management in Critical Infrastructures Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1934  
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Author Katrina Petersen pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Managing Risk Across Borders: ethical implications of engaging information technology for transboundary disaster collaboration Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Ethics, Transboundary, Responsibility, Collaboration, Information Technology  
  Abstract (up) Disaster management is increasingly becoming a project in managing diversity, from cross-organisational collaboration to inclusivity of voices. This is particularly prevalent when dealing with transboundary risks. New information technologies support these transboundary interactions by compiling diverse information and sources to build collaborative insight beyond what any individual organisation can know. This paper explores the ethical concerns that planners and responders face as they work with these collaborative information technologies to engage with data from other organisations, based in different data frameworks, socio-political priorities, goals, and cultures of risk. It draws on the ethical impact assessment of a cross-border collaborative crisis planning platform currently under development in the H2020 project IN-PREP to examine ethical tensions around equity, inclusion, diversity, solidarity, accountability and transparency. It discusses the consequences of such design foci for an agency?s ability to notice ethical risks that emerge from working in diversity.  
  Address Trilateral Research Ltd., United Kingdom  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T3- Ethical, Legal and Social Issues Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1982  
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Author Kristine Steen-Tveit; Jaziar Radianti pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Analysis of Common Operational Picture and Situational Awareness during Multiple Emergency Response Scenarios Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Full-scale drill, elicitation methods, situational awareness, common operational picture, information needs.  
  Abstract (up) Disaster response operations require communication and coordination between agencies that seldom occurs in everyday workday situations. Furthermore, in such hybrid environments it is necessary to establish a common operational picture for the responders involved to support collaborative decision-making. The emergency responders must gain situational awareness, and this can further affect the quality of how they deal with the situation. Training in emergency situations is shown to be efficient for learning. In order to understand the complexity of working in unpredictable environments, an analysis of an audio-log from a large-scale drill was carried out. Moreover, this paper provides a definition of several categories for identifying the processes to establish situational awareness and a common operational picture among emergency responders. The analysis process revealed how the actors communicate and revealed an overall communication pattern.  
  Address University of Agder, Norway, Norway  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T2- Command and control studies Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1931  
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Author Quynh Nhu Nguyen; Antonella Frisiello; Claudio Rossi pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title The Design of a Mobile Application for Crowdsourcing in Disaster Risk Reduction Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Crowdsourcing, First Responders, Human Centered Design, Service Design, Emergency management.  
  Abstract (up) Disaster Risk Reduction is a complex field in which a huge amount of data is collected and processed every day

in order to plan and run preparedness and response actions, which are required to get ready and to effectively

respond to natural disasters when they strike. This paper, which targets a wide audience, focuses on the design of

a mobile application that aims to integrate the crowdsourcing paradigm in current Disaster Risk Reduction

processes. The design process is integrated in the User Centred Approach, which we apply through a co-design

methodology involving end-users, iterative prototyping and development phases, and five in-field evaluations of

the implemented solution. We describe both the design activities and the results obtained from end-users�

feedbacks focusing on the perspective of first responders.
 
  Address Links Foundation, Italy  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T7- Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1990  
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Author Guoqin Ma; Chittayong Surakitbanharn pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Predicting Hurricane Damage Using Social Media Posts Coupled with Physical and Socio-Economic Variables Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Social media, disaster management, damage prediction  
  Abstract (up) During a natural disaster or emergency event, individual social media posts or hot spots may not necessarily correlate

to the most devastated areas. To better understand the correlation between social media and physical damage, we

compare Tweets, data about the physical environment, and socio-economic factors with insurance claim information

(as a proxy for physical damage) from 2017 Hurricane Irma in the state of Florida. We use machine learning

to identify relevant Tweets, sensitivity analyses to identify socio-economic factors, and statistical regression to

determine the predictive capability of insurance claims as a proxy for damage. We find that Tweets alone result in a

poorly fitted regression model of insurance claims, but the inclusion of physical features (e.g., power outages, wind

level) and socio-economic factors (e.g., population density, education, Internet access) improves the model?s fit.

Such models contribute to the knowledge base that may allow social media to predict damage in real-time.
 
  Address Stanford University, United States of America  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1955  
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Author Steve Peterson; Keri Stephens; Hemant Purohit; Amanda Hughes pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title When Official Systems Overload: A Framework for Finding Social Media Calls for Help during Evacuations Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Disasters, social media, hurricanes, data, framework, public safety  
  Abstract (up) During large-scale disasters it is not uncommon for Public Safety Answering Points (e.g., 9-1-1) to encounter

service disruptions or become overloaded due to call volume. As observed in the two past United States hurricane

seasons, citizens are increasingly turning to social media whether as a consequence of their inability to reach

9-1-1, or as a preferential means of communications. Relying on past research that has examined social media

use in disasters, combined with the practical knowledge of the first-hand disaster response experiences, this paper

develops a knowledge-driven framework containing parameters useful in identifying patterns of shared

information on social media when citizens need help. This effort explores the feasibility of determining

differences, similarities, common themes, and time-specific discoveries of social media calls for help associated

with hurricane evacuations. At a future date, validation of this framework will be demonstrated using datasets

from multiple disasters. The results will lead to recommendations on how the framework can be modified to make

it applicable as a generic disaster-type characterization tool.
 
  Address National Institutes of Health, United States of America;The University of Texas at Austin;George Mason University;Brigham Young University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1928  
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Author Samer Cheade; Nada Matta; Jean-Baptiste Pothin; Remi Cogranne pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Situation Representation and Awareness for Rescue Operations Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Application ontology, Common situation representation, Rescue of people, Situation awareness  
  Abstract (up) During rescue operations, being aware of the situation is very critical for rescuers and decision-makers to reduce the impacts. This work aims to support situation awareness amongst actors participating in rescue operations by adopting an ontology-based approach. An application ontology is proposed based on existing related ontologies and operational expertise collection. It will help to ensure common situation representation and understanding between different actors. After that, a knowledge-based system will be developed and integrated in actors? environment to support decision-making. Our preliminary results are shown in this paper.  
  Address University of Technology of Troyes, France;DataHertz, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T10- Knowledge, Semantics and AI for RISK and CRISIS management Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1856  
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