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	Author	Jonas Landgren; Bartel A. Van De Walle; Susanne Jul; Urban Nulden
	Title	Welcome message from the ISCRAM2009 conference and program chairs			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Viktoria Institute, Australia; Tilburg University, Netherlands; Amaryllis Consulting, Netherlands; University of Gothenburg and Chalmers, Sweden
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track		Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved
	Call Number				Serial	675
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	Author	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Title	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The proceedings contain 60 papers and 4 PowerPoint presentations. The topics discussed include: emergency response rooms in action: an ethnographic case-study in Amsterdam; an indicator framework to assess the vulnerability of industrial sectors against indirect disaster losses; dependability of IT systems in municipal emergency management; group decision-making method in the field of coal mine safety management based on AHP with clustering; towards an IP-based alert message delivery system; learning from previous humanitarian operations, a business process reengineering approach; web based macroseismic survey: fast information exchange and elaboration of seismic intensity effects in Italy; geographically visualizing consolidated appeal process (CAP) information; and collaborative process design for mediation information system engineering.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track		Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	59
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	Author	Fredrik Bergstrand; Jonas Landgren
	Title	Information sharing using live video in emergency response work			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Design; Information analysis; Information management; Information systems; Collaboration; Emergency response; Information repositories; Information sharing; Live video; Material database; Resource management; Situation awareness; Emergency services
	Abstract	This paper presents findings from a design-oriented study focusing on emergency response work. Traditionally, information technology for emergency response work has included enroute navigation advice, resource management, hazard material databases, property information repositories, and situation reporting using sketching functionality. Now, a new class of information technology has become available, namely mobile live video capabilities. This paper presents initial findings from a study on how mobile live video capabilities could improve information sharing and situation awareness in emergency response work.
	Address	Viktoria Institute, Sweden
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	312
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	Author	Tim J. Grant
	Title	Towards mixed rational-naturalistic decision support for command & control			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Control systems; Decision support systems; Information systems; Planning; Analytic; Ccvc; Intuitive; Naturalistic; Ooda-Rr; Rational; Decision making
	Abstract	Information systems for crisis response and management, including military Command & Control systems, are designed to support their users' decision-making processes. Decision making can be rational or naturalistic. Psychologists have shown that experienced decision makers under time pressure prefer using naturalistic methods. Case studies of four implemented Command & Control systems show that most decision support assumes rational decision making. Some support for naturalistic decision making is becoming available. We identify a mix of rational and naturalistic decision support tools as being desirable for flexible Command & Control.
	Address	Netherlands Defence Academy, Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	546
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	Author	Amanda L. Hughes; Leysia Palen
	Title	Twitter adoption and use in mass convergence and emergency events			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Information systems; Crisis informatics; Emergency; Micro-blogging; Social media; Twitter; Social networking (online)
	Abstract	This paper offers a descriptive account of Twitter (a micro-blogging service) across four high profile, mass convergence events-two emergency and two national security. We statistically examine how Twitter is being used surrounding these events, and compare and contrast how that behavior is different from more general Twitter use. Our findings suggest that Twitter messages sent during these types of events contain more displays of information broadcasting and brokerage, and we observe that general Twitter use seems to have evolved over time to offer more of an information-sharing purpose. We also provide preliminary evidence that Twitter users who join during and in apparent relation to a mass convergence or emergency event are more likely to become long-term adopters of the technology.
	Address	University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	604
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	Author	Gloria Mark; Ban Al-Ani; Bryan Semaan
	Title	Repairing human infrastructure in a war zone			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Disasters; Information technology; Internet; Repair; Collaboration; Crisis situations; Daily lives; Empirical studies; Human infrastructure; Social relationships; Technological infrastructure; War; Information systems
	Abstract	People depend on human infrastructure for a range of activities in their daily lives, such as work and socializing. In this paper we consider three different intertwined types of infrastructures of a society that may be affected in crisis situations: The physical, technological, and human infrastructures. We argue that when the human infrastructure is damaged, e.g. in a natural catastrophe or war, then people can switch reliance to the technological infrastructure to be resilient. We conducted an empirical study of 85 people who lived in war zones during the 2006 Israeli-Lebanon war and the ongoing Gulf war in Iraq. In this paper, we report how information technology is used by our informants in new ways in their attempt to maintain social relationships and continue working. Our informants also used technology to help navigate safe routes for travel and for psychological support. We discuss implications of our results for disaster research.
	Address	University of California, Irvine, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	745
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	Author	Julio Camarero Puras; Carlos A. Iglesias
	Title	Disasters2.0. Application of Web2.0 technologies in emergency situations			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Disaster prevention; Expert systems; Information systems; Intelligent agents; Multi agent systems; Intelligent techniques; Mash-up; Mobile; Rest; Web2.0; Disasters
	Abstract	This article presents a social approach for disaster management, based on a social portal, so-called Disasters2.0, which provides facilities for integrating and sharing user generated information about disasters. The architecture of Disasters2.0 is designed following REST principles and integrates external mashups, such as Google Maps. This architecture has been consumed with different clients, including a mobile client, a multiagent system for assisting in the decentralized management of disasters, and an expert system for automatic assignment of resources to disasters. As a result, the platform allows seamless collaboration of humans and intelligent agents, and provides a novel web2.0 approach for multiagent and disaster management research.
	Address	Dpto. Ingeniería de Sistemas Telemáticos, E.T.S.I. Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	857
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	Author	Steven D. Sheetz; Andrea Kavanaugh; Francis Quek; B. Joon Kim; Szu-Chia Lu
	Title	Expectation of connectedness and cell phone use in crisis			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Information systems; Mobile phones; Telecommunication equipment; Cell phone; Cell phone service; Emergency communication; Information communication; Qualitative; Reachability problem; Semi structured interviews; Structured interview; Cellular telephones
	Abstract	The wide distribution of cell phones with messaging, email, and instant-messaging have enabled the emergence of a culture of connectedness among segments of society. One result of this culture is an expectation of availability that exists among members of these social networks. This study explores the potential for this expectation to influence perceptions of using information communications technologies (ICT) during and after a crisis. Online survey and follow-up semi-structured interviews were conducted with Virginia Tech (VT) students, faculty and staff to understand whether expectations of connectedness affected their perceptions of their reach-ability during crises. Participants with higher expectations of connectedness also reported more problems with reach-ability. Those with the most problems with reach-ability differed from those with no reachability problems for many variables including satisfaction with the cell phone service, age, number of calls/text messages, and extroversion. Results suggest these communities consider planning how to use ICT during emergencies.
	Address	Center for Global E-Commerce, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Tech, 3007 Pamplin Hall (0101), Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Human-Computer Interaction, Virginia Tech, 2202 Kraft Drive (0902), Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Division of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University-Purdue University, Fort Wayne, 2101 E. Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne IN 46805-1499, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	944
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	Author	Yan Song; Yao Hu
	Title	Group decision-making method in the field of coal mine safety management based on AHP with clustering			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Analytic hierarchy process; Cluster analysis; Coal mines; Hierarchical systems; Information systems; Analytic hierarchy process (ahp); Coal mine safety; Group decision-making; Knowledge and experience; Safety management; Decision making
	Abstract	The complex and changeful system of coal mine increases the difficulty and importance of its decision-making. Individual decisions sometimes can not bring satisfactory outcomes since the decision need broad knowledge and experience which is not in single field but related to many domains of economics, sociology, logic, etc. To improve the validity and objectivity of decision-making, the group decision-making method is feasible and necessary since it can collect more intelligence to choose and judge together. This paper synthetically analyzes the content and characteristic of decision-making in the field of coal mine safety. A methodology for group decision-making using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with cluster analysis is proposed accordingly. Then a case study using the method indicates that it is effective and helpful to improve the level of decision-making in the field of coal mine safety management in China.
	Address	School of Economics and Management, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	967
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	Author	Eva Törnqvist; Johan Sigholm; Simin Nadjm-Tehrani
	Title	Hastily formed networks for disaster response: Technical heterogeneity and virtual pockets of local order			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Cognitive systems; Disasters; Information systems; Mobile ad hoc networks; Communities of Practice; Disaster response; Hastily formed networks; Interdisciplinary analysis; Local order; Natural and man-made disasters; Socio-technological systems; Technical interoperability; Emergency services
	Abstract	As natural and man-made disasters become increasingly common, ensuring effective disaster response, mitigation and recovery is growing into a high-priority task for governments and administrations globally. This paper describes the challenges of collaboration within multi-organisational hastily formed networks for post-disaster response, which are increasingly relying on emerging ICT infrastructures for communication and cooperation. We present an interdisciplinary analysis of the conditions for establishing an effective mutual conversation space for involved stakeholders, and how the development of socio-technological systems affects cognitive and behavioural aspects such as established communities of practice and virtual pockets of local order. Our observations thus far suggest that some of the key issues are overcoming organisational and cultural heterogeneity, and finding solutions for technical interoperability, to ensure effective, pervasive and sustainable information exchange within and between organisations participating in hastily formed networks.
	Address	Dept. of Technology and Social Change, Linköping University, Sweden; Dept. of Military Studies, Swedish National Defence College, Sweden; Dept. of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University, Sweden
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1012
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	Author	Valerio De Rubeis; Paola Sbarra; Diego Sorrentino; Patrizia Tosi
	Title	Web based macroseismic survey: Fast information exchange and elaboration of seismic intensity effects in Italy			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Earthquakes; Information systems; Information exchanges; Macroseismic; Macroseismic intensity; Real time; Seismic effect; Seismic intensity; Web based; Web surveys; Surveys
	Abstract	A renewed method of macroseismic survey, based on voluntary collaboration through Internet, is running at Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) since June 2007. The macroseismic questionnaire is addressed to a single non-specialist person; reported effects are statistically analyzed to extrapolate Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg and European Macroseismic Scale intensity referred to that observer. Maps of macroseismic intensity are displayed online in almost real time and are continuously updated. The aim of the questionnaire is to evaluate seismic effects as felt by the compiler. The final result is the definition of a particular intensity degree, with the evaluation of the associated uncertainty. Results of medium-low magnitude earthquakes are here presented showing the ability of the method in giving fast and interesting results. Effects reported in questionnaires coming from towns are analyzed in deep and assigned intensities are compared with those derived from traditional macroseismic survey, showing the reliability of webbased method.
	Address	Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica E Vulcanologia, Italy
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1033
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	Author	Willem Van Santen; Catholijn M. Jonker; Niek Wijngaards
	Title	Crisis decision making through a shared integrative negotiation mental model			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Information systems; Social sciences; Control structure; Crisis management; Mental model; Multi agencies; Negotiation; Negotiation process; Political context; Shared mental model; Decision making
	Abstract	Decision making during crises takes place in (multi-agency) teams, in a bureaucratic political context. As a result, the common notion that during crises decision making should be done in line with a Command & Control structure is invalid. This paper shows that the best way for crisis decision making teams in a bureaucratic political context is to follow an integrative negotiation approach as the shared mental model of decision making. This conclusion is based on an analysis of crisis decision making by teams in a bureaucratic political context. First of all this explains why in a bureaucratic political context the Command & Control adage does not hold. Secondly, this paper motivates why crisis decision making in such context can be seen as a negotiation process. Further analysis of the given context shows that an assertive and cooperative approach suits crisis decision making best.
	Address	TU Delft, Peak and Valley, Netherlands; TU Delft, Netherlands; Thales Research and Technology Netherlands, D-CIS Lab, Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1045
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	Author	Connie White; Linda Plotnick; Jane Kushma; Starr Roxanne Hiltz; Murray Turoff
	Title	An online social network for emergency management			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Civil defense; Disasters; Information dissemination; Information systems; Online systems; Risk management; Collaboration; Collective intelligences; Emergency; Emergency management; Exploratory research; On-line communities; On-line social networks; Online social networkings; Social networking (online)
	Abstract	Online Social Networking Sites (SNS) are becoming extremely popular and can be employed in a variety of contexts. They permit the establishment of global relationships that are domain related or can be based on some general need shared by the participants. Emergency domain related websites, each with their own stated mission, are becoming widespread. Can a social network offer a solution to bringing emergency domain-related entities together as a 'one stop shop?' We propose to investigate whether the social network paradigm can be used to enable individuals and organizations to collaborate in mutually beneficial ways, in all stages of emergency management: mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. Emergency management students were surveyed to examine the concept of social networks and their acceptance as a potential tool. The results of this exploratory research show overwhelming agreement that SNS should be considered a viable solution to the problems plaguing information dissemination and communications in the emergency domain.
	Address	Institute for Emergency Preparedness, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL, United States; Information Systems Department, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1081
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	Author	Xiang Yao; Murray Turoff; Michael J. Chumer
	Title	Designing a group support system to review and practice emergency plans in virtual teams			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Civil defense; Decision support systems; Information systems; Agile solutions; Continuous review; Emergency plans; Emergency preparedness; Face-to-face interaction; Group support systems; Scenario; Virtual team; Groupware
	Abstract	In the 21st century, rapid changes of our society necessitate continuous review and practice of emergency plans. Traditional face-to-face (FtF) interactions to make emergency plans and train responders seem insufficient. The virtual team (VT), a new team form allowing dynamic recruitment of experts from global extent and conduction of teamwork whenever it is needed, provides a more agile solution. This paper introduces a group support system called Collario (Collaborative Scenario) aiming to facilitate effective collaboration in creating and discussing scenarios in VTs and to utilize scenarios as the vehicle to review and practice emergency plans on a continuous basis. This research is still in progress. Three professionals have been involved in system demonstrations and interviews. Although it is still too early to make any conclusions, it is encouraging to know that all the three experts thought Collario easy to use and might be useful for various emergency preparedness purposes.
	Address	New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Collaboration and Social Networking	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1126
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	Author	Nitesh Bharosa; Bart Van Zanten; Jaco Appelman; Arre Zuurmond
	Title	Identifying and confirming information and system quality requirements for multi-agency disaster management			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Disaster prevention; Disasters; Information analysis; Information systems; Interoperability; Disaster management; Improving systems; Information quality; Information systems success; Multi agencies; Poor information; System quality; Technical measures; Information management
	Abstract	This paper investigates the relevance and assurance of information and system quality as requirements for information systems success during disaster management. Despite the many examples of poor information quality and poor system quality, research on the relevance and assurance of these requirements is sparse. In order to design successful information systems for disaster management, a context related understanding of the organizational and technical measures for achieving these requirements is necessary. Accordingly, the goal of this paper is to identify and confirm information and system quality requirements for the design of information systems for disaster management. The results of our interviews with information architects indicate that while information quality requirements are considered to be very relevant, these are hard to measure and assure, and that currently much effort is being put into improving system quality requirements such as interoperability and ease of use.
	Address	Delft University of Technology, Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	321
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	Author	Dirk Bradler; Benjamin Schiller; Erwin Aitenbichler; Nicolas Liebau
	Title	Towards a distributed crisis response communication system			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Communication systems; Electric network topology; Crisis response; Current technology; Distributed communications; Distributed systems; Key success factors; Large scale disasters; Reliable communication; Testing framework; Information systems
	Abstract	Reliable communication systems are one of the key success factors for a successful first response mission. Current crisis response communication systems suffer from damaged or destroyed infrastructure or are just overstressed in the case of a large scale disaster. We provide an outline for a distributed communication approach, which fulfills the requirements of first responders. It is based on a layered network topology and current technology used in research projects or already established products. In addition, we propose a testing framework for the evaluation of a crisis response communication system.
	Address	TU Darmstadt, Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	342
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	Author	Tom De Groeve; Patrick Riva
	Title	Early flood detection and mapping for humanitarian response			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Image processing; Information systems; Mapping; Time series; Early warning; Flood detections; Flood mapping; Humanitarian response; Passive microwave remote sensing; Floods
	Abstract	Space-based river monitoring can provide a systematic, timely and impartial way to detect floods of humanitarian concern. This paper presents a new processing method for such data, resulting in daily flood magnitude time series for any arbitrary observation point on Earth, with lag times as short as 4h. Compared with previous work, this method uses image processing techniques and reduces the time to obtain a 6 year time series for an observation site from months to minutes, with more accurate results and global coverage. This results in a daily update of major floods in the world, with an objective measure for their magnitude, useful for early humanitarian response. Because of its full coverage, the grid-based technique also allows the automatic creation of low-resolution flood maps only hours after the satellite passes, independent of cloud coverage.
	Address	Joint Research Center, European Commission, Italy
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	428
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	Author	Sebastian Denef; Tobias Dyrks; Leonardo Ramirez; Sebastian Denef; Berthold Penkert; Daniel Meyer
	Title	Designing for firefighters-building empathy through live action role-playing			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Fires; Information systems; Navigation; Cognitive skill; Empathic study; Firefighting; Live actions; Multi-disciplinary teams; Participatory design; Role-playing study; Technology experts; Fire extinguishers
	Abstract	In this paper we present a role-playing workshop in a firefighting scenario conducted within the frame of a multidisciplinary consortium. Our work focuses on developing a navigation ubicomp infrastructure leveraging the cognitive skills of firefighters. Technology for navigation must understand existing navigation practices in order to provide adequate support. To deal with the complexity of this process, we use a participatory design approach based on a strong synergy among partners. We argue that a key aspect for the creation of this synergy is the construction of a bond of empathy allowing technology experts to understand the needs of the users of technology and also allowing firefighters to understand the role and activities of technology developers in the process. We present an account of the workshop conducted and some insights of the role that this method can play for complex, multidisciplinary teams working on developing safety-critical technology.
	Address	Fraunhofer FIT, Germany; Universität Siegen, Germany; Institut Der Feuerwehr NRW, Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	465
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	Author	Geoffrey Hoare; Rhonda White; Jack Pittman; Linn Marks Collins; Jorge H. Roman; James E. Powell; Mark L.B. Martinez; Ketan K. Mane; Xiang Yao; A. Shelly Spearing; Miriam E. Blake
	Title	Using text analysis to reduce information overload in pan flu planning and response			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Florida Department of Health, United States; Los Alamos National Laboratory, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	587
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	Author	Sophia B. Liu; Leysia Palen
	Title	Spatiotemporal mashups: A survey of current tools to inform next generation crisis support			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Information systems; Surveys; Crisis informatics; High-level design; Information and Communication Technologies; Large-scale emergency; Spatio-temporal data; Technology designs; Temporal representations; Web mashups; Design
	Abstract	Developments in information and communication technology (ICT) have adjusted the opportunities for spatial and temporal representations of data, possibly permitting the simultaneous visualization of how different regions and populations are affected during large-scale emergencies and crises. We surveyed 13 crisis-related mashups to derive some high-level design directions to guide the design and testing of next generation crisis support tools. The current web mashups offer a new way of looking at how crises are spatiotemporally ordered. However, since all technology is constrained by limitations of design choice, examining the limits and possibilities of what current design choices afford can inform attributes of what next generation crisis support tools would require.
	Address	ConnectivIT Lab, Alliance for Technology, Learning and Society Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States; Department of Computer Science, ConnectivIT Lab, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	717
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	Author	Alessio Malizia; Pablo Acuña; Teresa Onorati; Paloma Díaz; Ignacio Aedo
	Title	CAP-ONES: An emergency notification system for all			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Human rehabilitation equipment; Information systems; Network architecture; Risk management; Accessibility; Alerting systems; Common alerting protocols; Design for all; Emergency management systems; Emergency notification systems; Emergency Response Information Systems; Information transmission; Management information systems
	Abstract	In this paper we present an ontology-based system for managing emergency alert notifications. Our purpose is to generate emergency alerts that are accessible to different kinds of people, paying special attention to more vulnerable collectives like impaired people. By adapting alerts to different devices and users we can allow Emergency Management Systems (EMS) to communicate with collectives like blind or deaf people whom otherwise will be unreachable by usual channels. Moreover, if we consider the constrains imposed by the nature of the emergency situations we can also improve the information transmission to cope with situational disabilities (e.g. smoke during a fire can cause low vision problems). We centered our system architecture on two characteristics: The first one is an ontology that codifies knowledge about accessibility, devices, disabilities, emergencies and media so the alert notification can be tailored according to different parameters; the second one is the use of an open standard like the CAP (Common Alerting Protocol) that enables our system to interoperate with other existing systems.
	Address	Departamento de Informática, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	739
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	Author	Willem J. Muhren; Bartel A. Van De Walle
	Title	Sensemaking and information management in humanitarian disaster response: Observations from the TRIPLEX exercise			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Disasters; Human resource management; Information management; Information systems; Disaster response; Humanitarian assistances; Information gathering; Information managers; Operational activity; Participatory observations; Sensemaking; United Nations; Emergency services
	Abstract	The United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) system is designed to assist the United Nations in providing information during the first phase of a sudden-onset emergency and in the coordination of incoming international relief at the site of the emergency. In the immediate aftermath of such an emergency, the UNDAC team will set up an On-Site Operations Coordination Centre (OSOCC) from where the operational activities of the humanitarian organizations responding to the emergency are coordinated. Information management is a key aspect in this phase as the information gathering, processing, and disseminating activities will determine the timeliness and appropriateness of the response by the international humanitarian community. Through participatory observation in the international humanitarian “TRIPLEX” exercise we explore how information managers in the OSOCC make sense of the disaster, how the immediate needs are assessed, and discuss how information systems could improve Sensemaking in these activities.
	Address	Tilburg University, Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	793
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	Author	Christine M. Newlon; Mark Pfaff; Himalaya Patel; Gert-Jan De Vreede; Karl MacDorman
	Title	Mega-collaboration: The Inspiration and development of an interface for large-scale disaster response			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Autonomous agents; Data visualization; Disasters; Equipment testing; Groupware; Information systems; Multi agent systems; Collaboration; Collaboration engineering; Decentralized informations; Large-scale collaboration; Mixed initiative; Social networking applications; ThinkLets; Virtual team; Human resource management
	Abstract	The need to gather and use decentralized information and resources in responding to disasters demands an integrated interface that can support large-scale collaboration. This paper describes the development of a collaboration tool interface. The tool will surpass existing groupware and social networking applications, providing easy entry, categorization, and visualization of masses of critical data; the ability to form ad-hoc teams with collaboration protocols for negotiated action; and agent-augmented mixed-initiative tracking and coordination of these activities. The paper reports user testing results concerning the data entry interface, emergent leadership, and the directed negotiation process. The paper also discusses planned enhancements, including formalized collaboration engineering and the use of a disaster simulation test bed.
	Address	IU School of Informatics, United States; Center for Collaboration Science, United States
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	809
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	Author	Christian Reuter; Volkmar Pipek; Claudia Mueller
	Title	Computer supported collaborative training in crisis communication management			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Information systems; Behaviour patterns; Collaborative training; Communication practices; Computer Supported Collaborative Learning; Crisis communications; Crisis management; Inter-organisational; Mutual understanding; Personnel training
	Abstract	Crisis management requires stakeholders to not only show strategic, organisational preparedness for crisis events (e.g. by systematising and professionalizing coping work), but also to develop skills to deal with unanticipated events and other stakeholders involved in the same crisis. They should not only rely on established information flows and behaviour patterns, but should be able to deal with situational aspects. This usually involves communication work within and between organisations involved in crisis management. We describe the practice of the crisis communication training of a German electricity provider and the prototype we developed, implemented and evaluated. The collaborative training tool targets not only the local practice, but aims at inter-organisational trainings that would also allow improving the mutual understanding for communication practices and information needs of other stakeholders.
	Address	University of Siegen, Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	875
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	Author	Ulrich Walder; Thomas Bernoulli; Thomas Wießflecker
	Title	An indoor positioning system for improved action force command and disaster management			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	ISCRAM 2009 – 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Boundary Spanning Initiatives and New Perspectives	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2009
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Disaster prevention; Information systems; Mobile ad hoc networks; Mobile radio systems; Semantics; Sensor networks; Telecommunication networks; Underground structures; User interfaces; Building modelling; Cafm; Disaster management; Head mounted displays; Indoor positioning; Indoor positioning systems; Professional mobile radio systems; Robust indoor positioning; Disasters
	Abstract	Managing emergency situations in large buildings and underground structures could be simplified if at any time the positions of on-site emergency crews were available. In this paper a system is proposed which combines inertial measurements of moving persons with building floor plans tagged with information on semantics to achieve a novel level of robust indoor positioning. A speech driven user interface tailored for visualization on head mounted displays makes information easily available for action forces. The system is complemented with a self-configurating communication network based on novel approaches combining mobile ad hoc networks, sensor networks, and professional mobile radio systems to make the locally determined positions available to anybody on-site.
	Address	Graz University of Technology, Austria
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Gothenburg	Editor	J. Landgren, S. Jul
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789163347153	Medium
	Track	Human-Computer Interaction	Expedition		Conference	6th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1057
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