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Author Zeno Franco; José J. González; José H. Canós pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Type Conference Volume
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages 1447  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The theme of ISCRAM 2019 is Towards individual-centric emergency management

systems. This edition wishes to highlight the particular needs of the individual

stakeholder in Crisis and Emergency Management and to stimulate discussions that

enable the design of individual-centric crisis and emergency management systems.
 
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track Proceeding Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2201  
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Author Min Zhu; Ruxue Chen; Tianye Lin; Quanyi Huang; Guang Tian pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Describing and Forecasting the Medical Resources assignments for International Disaster Medical relief Forces Using an Injury-Driven Ontology Model Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Medical Resource Assignment, Disaster Medical Relief, Injury-Driven Ontology Model.  
  Abstract Available medical resources are the basis of efficient disaster medical relief. The medical resources assignment for disaster medical relief forces is usually fixed. However, the injury condition distribution changes in different disaster and so does the demand for the medical resources. So the assignment of medical relief forces should be more flexible and based on the injury. We analyzed the component parts and rules of disaster medical relief, defining the related concepts and rules. Then, we constructed the describing rules of injury-treatment-medical-technique-resource-assignment process. Based on these, we established the ontology of disaster medical relief system and the injury-driven medical resources assignment ontology model (MRAOM). We used the model to describe the medical relief situation after earthquake to demonstrate the model could describe complicated situations. We also used the model to describe and forecast the medical resource assignment of treating batch wounded to demonstrate the model's validity.  
  Address (up) 6th Medical Center of General Hospital of PLA, China;Tsinghua University, China, People's Republic of China  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T7- Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1926  
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Author Daniel Auferbauer; Christoph Ruggenthaler; Gerald Czech; Ivan Gojmerac pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Taxonomy of Community Interaction in Crises and Disasters Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Information and communication technology, sociotechnical systems, crisis and disaster management, community interaction  
  Abstract Taxonomies are integral to systems engineering, as they structure our knowledge of a field and so provide the

foundation for technological development. We contribute such taxonomies for the field of Community

Interaction and Engagement in Crisis and Disaster Management, which represents the interface between

members of the public who commit to relief efforts and established organisations that have a pre-defined role in

crisis management. These actors are unified in their purpose to help those in need, but also set apart by their

organisational structures and modes of operation. We classify the actors of Community Interaction and

Engagement, as well as the interactions between them. Our contribution outlines areas where the application of

Information and Communication Technology can offer benefits to Community Interaction and Engagement.
 
  Address (up) AIT Austrian Institute of Technology;Austrian Red Cross  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T11- Community Engagement & Healthcare Systems Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1870  
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Author Daniel Auferbauer; Roman Ganhör; Hilda Tellioglu pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Opportunistic Affiliation in Spontaneous Volunteer Management Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Crisis and disaster management, spontaneous volunteers, command and control, volunteer management  
  Abstract Spontaneous volunteers influence crisis and disaster relief efforts as both an effective aid and a stressing factor for emergency organisations. Managing the negative impacts of spontaneous volunteering has thus become part of command and control deliberations. In this paper, we take a closer look at integrating spontaneous volunteers into the formal response system to mitigate negative impacts.

Working with participants from formal response organisations, we gathered qualitative data regarding the management of spontaneous volunteers during the European migration crisis in 2015.

Through thematic analysis, we extracted topics to systematically describe the interaction between emergency organisations and spontaneous volunteers. As implication thereof, we propose how computer supported systems can be applied to better manage spontaneous volunteers. In our discussion, we focus on the registration process and ad hoc verification of spontaneous volunteers to better integrate them in the formal response process.
 
  Address (up) AIT Austrian Institute of Technology;TU Wien  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T2- Command and control studies Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1866  
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Author Sandra König; Stefan Schauer pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Cascading Threats in Critical Infrastructures with Control Systems Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Cascading failures, industrial control systems, critical infrastructures, hybrid situational awareness  
  Abstract Critical infrastructures (CIs) increase in complexity due to numerous dependencies on other CIs but also due to the ongoing digitalization in the industry sector. This yields an increased risk of failure of a single CI as the overall systems gets very fragile and sensitive to errors Failure of a single component may affect large parts of an infrastructure due to cascading effects. One way to support functionality of a CI is the use of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) that allow monitoring remote sites and controlling processes. However, this is an additional source for threats as recent cyber-attacks have shown. Further, the additional information for such cyber systems is often not efficiently combined with existing information on the physical infrastructure. We here propose a method to combine these two sources of information in order to estimate the impact of a security incident on CIs, taking into account cascading effects of threats. An implementation of the model allows simulation of the dynamics inside a CI and yields a record of the status of each asset of the CI. The way the assets change their states illustrates the consequences of an incident on the entire CI. Visualization of the results provides an overview on the situation of the entire CI at a certain point of time and a sequence of such visualization over an entire period of time illustrates the changes over time. The results from this analysis may be used to support security officers in analyzing the current (hybrid) state of their CI in case of an incident and thus increase the hybrid situational awareness.  
  Address (up) Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1932  
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Author Sandra König pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Choosing Ways to Increase Resilience in Critical Infrastructures Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Resilience, critical infrastructure, optimization  
  Abstract Increasing resilience is a core interest in critical infrastructure (CI) protection that involves many challenges. It is necessary to agree on a common understanding of resilience and identify potential strategies to improve it.

Once this is done, the question arises how to choose among these strategies. We propose to decide based on a game-theoretic framework that allows identification of optimal actions under various scenarios. This framework considers different threat scenarios as attacks to the CI and the identified strategies to improve resilience as defense strategies for the CI. Since the payoff of the game, namely the resilience of the CI, can hardly be measured with certainty we choose an extension of classical game theory that allows taking uncertainty into account and still finds provably optimal solutions. This approach is especially useful in a situation where we aim to optimize a quantity that is difficult to measure (such as resilience). The result of this analysis is two-fold: it identifies an optimal defense but also provides information about the resilience in the worst case. The approach is illustrated with a small example using a publicly available implementation.
 
  Address (up) Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1914  
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Author Ahmed Abdeltawab Abdelgawad pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Reliability of expert estimates of cascading failures in Critical Infrastructure Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Expert assessment; Desktop exercise; Tabletop exercise; Modeling and simulation; Dynamic complexity  
  Abstract Owing to the complexity of Critical Infrastructures and the richness of issues to analyze, numerous approaches are used to model the behavior of CIs. Organizations having homeland security as mission often conduct desktop-based simulations using judgmental assessment of CI interdependencies and cascading failures. Expert estimates concern direct effects between the originally disrupted CI sector and other sectors. To better understand the magnitude of aggregate cascading effects, we developed a system dynamics model that uses expert estimates of cascading failures to compare the aggregate effect of cascading failures with the primary direct cascading failures. We find that the aggregate effect of compounded cascading failures becomes significantly greater than the primary cascading failures the longer the duration of the original disruption becomes. Our conceptually simple system dynamics model could be used to improve desktop-based exercises, since it illustrates consequences that go beyond judgmental assessment.  
  Address (up) Centre for Integrated Emergency Management (CIEM), University of Agder, Norway  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1703  
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Author Ahmed Abdeltawab Abdelgawad; Tina Comes pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Evaluation Framework for the iTRACK Integrated System Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Evaluation Framework, Software Testing, Software Usability, Software Usefulness, Humanitarian Disaster  
  Abstract Evaluation and testing are major steps in the development of any information system, particularly if it is to be used in high-risk contexts such as conflicts. While thus far there are various approaches for testing against technology requirements; usability or usefulness, there is a lack of a comprehensive evaluation framework that combines the three elements. The lack of such a framework and commonly agreed standards constitutes a barrier for innovation, and at the same time imposes risks to responders if the technology is introduced without proper testing. This paper aims to close this gap. Based on a reviewing of evaluation methods and measurement metrics, we design a comprehensive evaluation framework including common code quality testing metrics, usability testing methods, subjective usefulness questionnaires, and performance indicators. We demonstrate our approach by using the example of an integrated system for the safety and security of humanitarian missions, and we highlight how our approach allows measuring the system?s quality and usefulness.  
  Address (up) Centre for Integrated Emergency Management (CIEM), University of Agder, Norway  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T12- Tool Talks Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1869  
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Author Bjørn Erik Munkvold; Jaziar Radianti; Jan Ketil Rød; Tomasz Opach; Mikael Snaprud; Sofie Pilemalm; Deborah Bunker pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Sharing Incident and Threat Information for Common Situational Understanding Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Common operational picture, situational awareness, collaboration support, geographic information systems, terminology harmonisation  
  Abstract This paper presents the INSITU research project initiated to provide a systematic approach for effective sharing, integration and use of information from different sources, to establish a common operational picture (COP) and shared situational understanding among multiple actors in emergency response. The solution developed will provide an interactive map display, integrating harmonisation of terminology and collaboration support for information sharing and synthesis. The enhanced COP will also support evaluation and learning from exercises and incidents. The project involves close collaboration with emergency management stakeholders in Norway, for requirements analysis, participatory design, and validation of project deliverables. The research will improve information sharing and decision support in emergency operations centres, which will contribute to improve societal resilience through more effective response capability.  
  Address (up) CIEM, University of Agder;Norwegian University of Science and Technology;Tingtun AS;CARER, Linköping University;University of Sydney  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T15- Open Track Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1994  
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Author Kenny Meesters; Vittorio Nespeca; Tina Comes pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Designing Disaster Information Management Systems 2.0: Connecting communities and responders Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Information Systems, Community Engagement, Participatory Systems, Systems Design, Inclusive Systems  
  Abstract Information and supporting information systems is a key element in an effective emergency response. From

creating situational awareness to informed decision making, information enables responders to optimize their

decisions and operations. Today, with the increased availability of information technology around the globe, a

new active player in the field of information management is emerging as communities are becoming increasingly

active in the field of information gathering, analyzing and sharing.

However, communities may have specific requirements and approaches to using information systems in crisis

situations. Moreover, connecting information systems between communities and responder pose specific

challenges due to the different information needs, capacities and incentives to use them. In this paper we build on

the DERMIS premises and explore through a case study if and how these principles apply to inclusive information

systems. We present the initial findings of this work of designing information systems involving both communities

and formal responders.
 
  Address (up) Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T11- Community Engagement & Healthcare Systems Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1950  
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Author Xukun Li; Doina Caragea; Cornelia Caragea; Muhammad Imran; Ferda Ofli pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Identifying Disaster Damage Images Using a Domain Adaptation Approach Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords image classification, disaster damage, domain adaptation, domain adversarial neural networks.  
  Abstract Approaches for effectively filtering useful situational awareness information posted by eyewitnesses of disasters,

in real time, are greatly needed. While many studies have focused on filtering textual information, the research

on filtering disaster images is more limited. In particular, there are no studies on the applicability of domain

adaptation to filter images from an emergent target disaster, when no labeled data is available for the target disaster.

To fill in this gap, we propose to apply a domain adaptation approach, called domain adversarial neural networks

(DANN), to the task of identifying images that show damage. The DANN approach has VGG-19 as its backbone,

and uses the adversarial training to find a transformation that makes the source and target data indistinguishable.

Experimental results on several pairs of disasters suggest that the DANN model generally gives similar or better

results as compared to the VGG-19 model fine-tuned on the source labeled data.
 
  Address (up) Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, United States of America;Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States of America;Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1853  
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Author Basanta Chaulagain; Aman Shakya; Bhuwan Bhatt; Dip Kiran Pradhan Newar; Sanjeeb Prasad Panday; Rom Kant Pandey pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Casualty Information Extraction and Analysis from News Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords casualty, information extraction, news articles, casualty data visualization  
  Abstract During unforeseen situations of crisis such as disasters and accidents we usually have to rely on local news reports for the latest updates on casualties. The information in such feeds is in unstructured text format, however, structured data is required for analysis and visualization. This paper presents a system for automatic extraction and visualization of casualty information from news articles. A prototype online system has been implemented and tested with local news feed of road accidents. The system extracts information regarding number of deaths, injuries, date, location, and vehicles involved using techniques like Named Entity Recognition, Semantic Role Labeling and Regular expressions. The entities were manually annotated and compared with the results obtained from the system. Initial results are promising with good accuracy overall. Moreover, the system maintains an online database of casualties and provides information visualization and filtering interfaces for analysis.  
  Address (up) Dept. of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Pulchowk Campus, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Nepal  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T10- Knowledge, Semantics and AI for RISK and CRISIS management Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1923  
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Author Meshal Alharbi; Graham Coates pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Assessing Flood Recovery of Small Businesses using Agent-Based Modelling and Simulation Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords SMEs; agent-based modelling and simulation; flooding; short-term recovery; manufacturing and retail.  
  Abstract In developed countries, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represent the majority of all businesses, e.g. 99.9% in the UK. Given this significant proportion, any disruption to the operation of SMEs will have a negative impact on a nation?s economy. In the context of flooding, this paper reports on the use of agent-based modelling and simulation (ABMS) to assess SMEs immediate response and short-term recovery. In particular, it focuses on the interactions between manufacturing SMEs and mutual aid partners, and retail SMEs and companies specializing in refurbishing premises. Results show that a manufacturing SME with a mutual aid partner can reduce loss in production by approximately 6% over a 7 working day period. In relation to retail

SMEs, those with employees able to be allocated to refurbish its premises recovered faster than SMEs employing a refurbishment company, potentially one day earlier.
 
  Address (up) Durham University, United Kingdom;Newcastle University, United Kingdom  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T1- Analytical Modeling and Simulation Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1920  
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Author Denis Barcaroli; Alex Coletti; Antonio De Nicola; Antonio Di Pietro; Luigi La Porta; Maurizio Pollino; Vittorio Rosato; Giordano Vicoli; Maria Luisa Villani pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title An Automatic Approach to Qualitative Risk Assessment in Metropolitan Areas Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Risk assessment, geographic information system, conceptual modeling, ontology, computational creativity  
  Abstract Risk assessment aims at improving prevention and preparedness phases of the crisis management lifecycle.

Qualitative risk assessment of a system is important for risks identification and analysis by the various stakeholders and often requires multi-disciplinary knowledge. We present an automatic approach to qualitative

risk assessment in metropolitan areas using semantic techniques. In particular, users are provided with a computational support to identify and prioritize by relevance risks of city services, through generation of

semantic descriptions of risk situations. This approach is enabled by a software system consisting of: TERMINUS, a domain ontology representing city knowledge; WS-CREAM, a web service implementing risk identification and ranking functions; and CIPCast, a GIS-based Decision Support System with functions of risk

forecast due to natural hazards. Finally we present the results of a preliminary validation of the generated risks concerning some points of interest in two different areas of the city of Rome.
 
  Address (up) ENEA, Italy;Booz Hallen Hamilton, United States  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T10- Knowledge, Semantics and AI for RISK and CRISIS management Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1886  
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Author Laure Fallou; Laura Petersen; Rémy Bossu; Frédéric Roussel pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Efficiently allocating safety tips after an earthquake – lessons learned from the smartphone application LastQuake Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Earthquake, Risk reduction, Disaster app, Safety tips, ELSI.  
  Abstract In a context of information overload, actors in disaster management are facing challenges to efficiently allocate critical information during a crisis. Based on the empirical experience of EMSC (Euro-Mediterranean Seismological Centre) with its application LastQuake, this paper explores ways to provide safety information in

a timely manner, to the people who actually need it. First we introduce the method used to design and implement universally understandable visual safety tips, taking Ethical, Legal and Social Issues (ELSI) into consideration. Then, results on the effective use of the feature are presented. Findings demonstrate the importance of designing universal tools to limit the use of personal data as well as the Necessity of developing a multichannel approach for efficient crisis information allocation.
 
  Address (up) Euro-Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC), France;Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France;CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T3- Ethical, Legal and Social Issues Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1943  
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Author Laura Petersen; Eva Horvath; Johan Sjöström pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Evaluating Critical Infrastructure Resilience via Tolerance Triangles: Hungarian Highway pilot case study Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords critical infrastructure resilience, tolerance triangles, questionnaire, IMPROVER  
  Abstract While accepted as part of critical infrastructure (CI) resilience, no consensus exists on how to measure the exact

minimum level of service or the rapidity of rapidly restoring services. The H2020 European project IMPROVER

(Improved risk evaluation and implementation of resilience concepts to critical infrastructure) suggests to use the

public?s declared tolerance levels for both minimum level of service and rapidity of service restoration as criteria

with which to evaluate if the resilience of a given CI is resilient enough. This paper demonstrates the development

of a questionnaire-based methodology to determine public tolerance levels. It then tests this methodology via a

pilot case study at IMPROVER?s Hungarian Highway Living Lab. The paper argues that public tolerance levels

are a reasonable choice for resilience evaluation criteria and demonstrates that the questionnaire-based

methodology permits one to evaluate public perception in such a way as to compare it to technical resilience

analyses.
 
  Address (up) Euro-Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC);French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS);Magyar Közút Nonprofit Zrt;RISE Research Institutes of Sweden  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T14 - Protecting Critical Infrastructures in Crisis Situations Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1868  
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Author Valerio Lorini; Carlos Castillo; Francesco Dottori; Milan Kalas; Domenico Nappo; Peter Salamon pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Integrating Social Media into a Pan-European Flood Awareness System: A Multilingual Approach Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Social Media, Disaster Risk Management, Flood Risk  
  Abstract This paper describes a prototype system that integrates social media analysis into the European Flood Awareness

System (EFAS). This integration allows the collection of social media data to be automatically triggered by flood

risk warnings determined by a hydro-meteorological model. Then, we adopt a multi-lingual approach to find

flood-related messages by employing two state-of-the-art methodologies: language-agnostic word embeddings

and language-aligned word embeddings. Both approaches can be used to bootstrap a classifier of social media

messages for a new language with little or no labeled data. Finally, we describe a method for selecting relevant and

representative messages and displaying them back in the interface of EFAS.
 
  Address (up) European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy;Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;KAJO, Slovakia  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1854  
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Author Paige Maas; Shankar Iyer; Andreas Gros; Wonhee Park; Laura McGorman; Chaya Nayak; P. Alex Dow pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Facebook Disaster Maps: Aggregate Insights for Crisis Response & Recovery Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords crisis mapping, crisis informatics, GIS, social media  
  Abstract After a natural disaster or other crisis, humanitarian organizations need to know where affected people are located

and what resources they need. While this information is difficult to capture quickly through conventional methods,

aggregate usage patterns of social media apps like Facebook can help fill these information gaps.

In this paper, we describe the data and methodology that power Facebook Disaster Maps. These maps utilize

information about Facebook usage in areas impacted by natural hazards, producing aggregate pictures of how the

population is affected by and responding to the hazard. The maps include insights into evacuations, cell network

connectivity, access to electricity, and long-term displacement.

In addition to descriptions and examples of each map type, we describe the source data used to generate the maps,

and efforts taken to ensure the security and privacy of Facebook users. We also describe limitations of the current

methodologies and opportunities for improvement.
 
  Address (up) Facebook, United States of America  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 1912  
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Author Pär Hans Tuve Eriksson; Niklas Hallberg pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Design to Fit – Morphological Analysis as a Tool for Exercise Design Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Exercise design, morphological analysis, crisis management  
  Abstract Exercises are considered as vital to develop and sustain crisis management capabilities. An exercise may have a role both as a provider of knowledge about the crisis management system, and its performance, and as a driver of change through training of individuals, groups and organizations. However, the relationship between the design and characteristics of a specific exercise, and the usability of its results in the development of the crisis management system is not well-understood. The objective of this paper is to explore if a morphological field can be used to investigate this relationship. Such a field was designed and evaluated. Even though this field was relatively simple, it was concluded that it provides results that deepen the understanding of how different types of exercises can contribute to the development of the crisis management system.  
  Address (up) FOI, Sweden  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T2- Command and control studies Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1953  
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Author Erion Elmasllari pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Design and development methods for improving acceptance of IT among emergency responders Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Acceptance of ICT, Methodology, User Centered Design, UCD  
  Abstract Various sources report a low adoption of IT-based tools in emergency response, as well as a negative attitude of

responders to such tools. The responders? needs, simply put, are not met by the IT-based tools offered to them.

Observing this situation through a user-centered design lens, we note that such problems typically stem from

insufficient or erroneous context analysis. The deficiencies become even more pronounced when considering that

emergency response represents a complex, adaptive socio-technical system. We also note that the appropriate

methodology for designing ER systems is rarely discussed in literature and in research papers. To fill that void, the

present paper discusses a minimal set of techniques that, both in our experience and according to state of the art

practice, can guide developers towards positively-accepted IT systems for emergency response.
 
  Address (up) Fraunhofer FIT, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T15- Open Track Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1851  
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Author Philipp Hertweck; Tobias Hellmund; Hylke van der Schaaf; Jürgen Moßgraber; Jan-Wilhelm Blume pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Management of Sensor Data with Open Standards Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords SensorThings API, FROST, Time series data, sensor data management, data storage  
  Abstract In an emergency, getting up-to-date information about the current situation is crucial to orchestrate an efficient response. Due to its objectivity, preciseness and comparability, time-series data offer broad possibilities to manage emergency incidents. Since the Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly growing with an estimated number of 30 billion sensors in 2020, it offers excellent potential to collect time-series data for improving situational awareness. The IoT brings several challenges: caused by a splintered sensor manufacturer landscape, data comes in various structures, incompatible protocols and unclear semantics. To tackle these challenges a well-defined interface, from where uniform data can be queried, is necessary. The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) has recognized this demand and developed the SensorThings API standard, an open, unified way to interconnect devices throughout the IoT, which is implemented by the FRaunhofer-Opensource-SensorThings-Server (FROST). This paper presents the standard, its implementation and the application to the domain of crisis management.  
  Address (up) Fraunhofer IOSB, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T12- Tool Talks Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1859  
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Author Guillaume Lambert; Bruno Fontaine; Michel Monneret; Mourad Madani pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title How to build an innovative C2 system supporting individual-centric emergency needs ? Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Emergency hub, personalization, cloud, NG112, AI.  
  Abstract The paper describes the need for, and work in progress to provide the French population with

a modern emergency communication infrastructure that uses open source components to

deliver real time communications from smart phones as well as traditional routes.

The article puts forward the vision of the NexSIS 18-112 project aimed at designing and

implementing the next generation AI enhanced emergency services response platform for

France. The vision and ambition of the NexSIS 18-112 system is to rewrite the command and

control system from scratch at a national level, providing it with state of the art functionalities.

Anticipating the future deployment of 5G networks, the work described in the article explains

how to ensure the transition of the legacy emergency operation systems to an operational IPbased

model, capable of offering voice, video, Instant Messaging, and Real Time Text (RTT)

services to emergency services? operators.
 
  Address (up) French Ministry of Interior, France;ToMCo, digital strategy advisor  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T5- Intelligent and Semantic Web Systems Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1907  
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Author Rahul Pandey; Gaurav Bahl; Hemant Purohit pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title EMAssistant: A Learning Analytics System for Social and Web Data Filtering to Assist Trainees and Volunteers of Emergency Services Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Training System, Disaster Management, Active Learning, Humanitarian Technology, Social Media Mining  
  Abstract An increasing number of Machine Learning based systems are being designed to filter and visualize the relevant

information from social media and web streams for disaster management. Given the dynamic disaster events, the

notion of relevant information evolves, and thus, the active learning techniques are often considered to keep

updating the predictive models for the relevant information filtering. However, the active relevant feedback

provided by the human annotators to update the models are not validated. As a result, they can introduce

unconscious biases in the learning process of humans and can result in an inaccurate or inefficient predictive

system. Therefore, this paper describes the design and implementation of an open-source technology-based

learning analytics system ? EMAssistant ? for the emergency volunteers or practitioners – referred as the trainee, to

enhance their experiential learning cycle with the cause-effect reasoning on providing relevant feedback to the

machine learning model. This continuous integration between the cause (providing feedback) and the effect

(observing predictions from the updated model) in a visual form will likely to improve the understanding of the

trainees to provide more accurate feedback. We propose to present the system design as well as provide

hands-on exercises for the conference session.
 
  Address (up) George Mason University, United States of America  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T12- Tool Talks Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1900  
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Author Anna Kruspe; Jens Kersten; Friederike Klan pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Detecting event-related tweets by example using few-shot models Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Social media, Twitter, Relevance, Keywords, Hashtags, Few-shot models, One-class classification  
  Abstract Social media sources can be helpful in crisis situations, but discovering relevant messages is not trivial. Methods

have so far focused on universal detection models for all kinds of crises or for certain crisis types (e.g. floods).

Event-specific models could implement a more focused search area, but collecting data and training new models for

a crisis that is already in progress is costly and may take too much time for a prompt response. As a compromise,

manually collecting a small amount of example messages is feasible. Few-shot models can generalize to unseen

classes with such a small handful of examples, and do not need be trained anew for each event. We show how

these models can be used to detect crisis-relevant tweets during new events with just 10 to 100 examples and

counterexamples. We also propose a new type of few-shot model that does not require counterexamples.
 
  Address (up) German Aerospace Center (DLR), Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1911  
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Author Jens Kersten; Anna Kruspe; Matti Wiegmann; Friederike Klan pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Robust filtering of crisis-related tweets Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2019  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Filtering, Convolutional Neural Networks, Natural Disasters, Twitter, Model Transferability  
  Abstract Social media enables fast information exchange and status reporting during crises. Filtering is usually required to

identify the small fraction of social media stream data related to events. Since deep learning has recently shown to

be a reliable approach for filtering and analyzing Twitter messages, a Convolutional Neural Network is examined for

filtering crisis-related tweets in this work. The goal is to understand how to obtain accurate and robust filtering

models and how model accuracies tend to behave in case of new events. In contrast to other works, the application

to real data streams is also investigated. Motivated by the observation that machine learning model accuracies

highly depend on the used data, a new comprehensive and balanced compilation of existing data sets is proposed.

Experimental results with this data set provide valuable insights. Preliminary results from filtering a data stream

recorded during hurricane Florence in September 2018 confirm our results.
 
  Address (up) German Aerospace Center (DLR), Germany;Bauhaus-Universität Weimar  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iscram Place of Publication Valencia, Spain Editor Franco, Z.; González, J.J.; Canós, J.H.  
  Language English Summary Language English Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 978-84-09-10498-7 Medium  
  Track T8- Social Media in Crises and Conflicts Expedition Conference 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM 2019)  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1909  
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