Erkki Kurkinen, Helen T. Sullivan, Markku Häkkinen, & Markku Lauttamus. (2010). Optimizing mobile social media interfaces for rapid internal communication by emergency services. In C. Zobel B. T. S. French (Ed.), ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings. Seattle, WA: Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM.
Abstract: Social media tools are seeing use in crisis situations. Authorities have recognized the value of such tools and are beginning to use services such as Facebook and Twitter to disseminate official information. However, the use of the social media concept as an internal, operational tool by emergency services is in its early stages. Current social media tools for mobile devices are of potential value, yet security concerns can render such systems unsuitable for operational use, and the user interface can hinder operational efficiency due to the inheritance of a text based model for input and display. The research to be described is examining interaction methods that may improve the efficiency and usability of mobile device-based social media for operational use by police services. A Twitter like model for police activity reports can provide a means for enhanced situational awareness for police command authorities, and for individual officers or patrol units engaged in the “professional” media interchanges. The proposed model, SUMO, is based on a hybrid symbolic and text interface to rapidly enter status, integrated with geolocation, and sensor-based data to automatically capture key information, and thereby minimizing the amount effort required create a complete status update.
|
Markku T. Häkkinen, & Helen T. Sullivan. (2007). Effective communication of warnings and critical information: Application of accessible design methods to auditory warnings. In K. Nieuwenhuis P. B. B. Van de Walle (Ed.), Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers (pp. 167–171). Delft: Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM.
Abstract: When a system initiates an auditory warning or alert, detection and correct identification of the information by the human recipient can be influenced by a variety of factors. Examples from aviation and public warning demonstrate instances where messages are ignored, not understood or misinterpreted. The reasons why messages may fail can stem from the design of the message itself, environmental conditions, and sensory or cognitive impairments. Based upon experience from several contexts and from the development of assistive technology for people with disabilities, promising design approaches are being explored in research on warning system design. The importance of multimodal warnings, selection of speech type, and internationalization are discussed.
|
Matti Haataja, Markku Häkkinen, & Helen T. Sullivan. (2011). Understanding user acceptance of mobile alerting systems. In E. Portela L. S. M.A. Santos (Ed.), 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011. Lisbon: Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM.
Abstract: Even though the adoption of emergency alerting systems may improve the safety and security of individuals, participation in existing systems that utilize mobile alerting in universities in USA varies and does not match the high adoption rate of mobile phone technology itself (Sullivan, Häkkinen & Piechocinski 2009; Wu, 2009). As the adoption of mobile alerting system (MAS) can be viewed as a critical life safety benefit, there is motivation to better understand factors that affect the acceptance of MAS. Among the possible, alternative methods of implementing mobile alerting, an opt-in type of system can enable the alerting process to be executed in a way that is more suitable and useful for a diverse community of individuals. As a result of this study, a refined version of technology acceptance model (TAM) is proposed, extended with factors of perceived trust and perceived financial cost to better interpret the acceptance of MAS. This model is being evaluated in ongoing research on MAS in a university and community context.
|
