Dharma Dailey, & Kate Starbird. (2014). Visible skepticism: Community vetting after Hurricane Irene. In and P.C. Shih. L. Plotnick M. S. P. S.R. Hiltz (Ed.), ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 777–781). University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University.
Abstract: Social media enable rapid, peer-to-peer information flow during crisis events, affordances that have both positive and negative consequences. The potential for spreading misinformation is a significant concern. Drawing on an empirical study of information-sharing practices in a crisis-affected community in the Catskill Mountains after Hurricane Irene, this paper describes how an ad hoc group of community members, led by a handful of journalists, employed specific work practices to mitigate misinformation. We illustrate how the group appropriated specific tools and performed visible skepticism, among other techniques, to help control the spread of false rumors. These findings suggest implications for the design of tools and the development of best practices for supporting community-led, crowd-powered response efforts during disasters.
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Sophia B. Liu, Leysia Palen, Jeannette N. Sutton, Amanda L. Hughes, & Sara Vieweg. (2008). In search of the bigger picture: The emergent role of on-line photo sharing in times of disaster. In B. V. de W. F. Fiedrich (Ed.), Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 140–149). Washington, DC: Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM.
Abstract: Eyewitness photography is increasingly playing a more significant role in disaster response and recovery efforts. This research elaborates on the ways in which members of the public participate during times of disaster by closely examining the evolving role of a prominent photo-sharing website, Flickr, in events that have occurred since its launch in February 2004. We discuss features of Flickr's emerging evolutionary growth as a community forum for disaster-related grassroots activity based on the findings from our qualitative study of 29 groups across six disasters over Flickr's nearly three-year lifespan. Our findings discuss efforts toward the development of norms that attempt to guide the nature of social practice around photographic content during disaster response and recovery efforts.
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Hayley Watson, Lemi Baruh, Rachel L. Finn, & Salvatore Scifo. (2014). Citizen (in)security?: Social media, citizen journalism and crisis response. In and P.C. Shih. L. Plotnick M. S. P. S.R. Hiltz (Ed.), ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 294–298). University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University.
Abstract: The use of social media in a crisis has been applauded, and is witnessing an increase in uptake among those involved in crisis management activities, including citizens. Whilst some challenges have been discussed elsewhere, somewhat lacking is a discussion on the impact of sharing information on the security of those that may have been recorded. Accordingly, this working paper aims to provide preliminary results of an initial mapping task that seeks to examine the impact of the use of social media in a crisis on the social and ethical wellbeing of the security of the citizen. Authors argue that the heightened involvement of citizen journalism results in the filtering of information after its online publication which raises concerns relating to the dissemination of false information and a threat to an individual's privacy. Such issues should be adequately addressed in the encouragement and use of citizen contributions in crisis response.
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