Menelaos Bakopoulos, Sofia Tsekeridou, Eri Giannaka, Zheng-Hua Tan, & Ramjee Prasad. (2011). Command & control: Information merging, selective visualization and decision support for emergency handling. In E. Portela L. S. M.A. Santos (Ed.), 8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011. Lisbon: Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM.
Abstract: Emergency situations call for the timely collaboration and error free communication of first responder (FR) teams from their Command Posts (CP) and between themselves. First responder teams must form and adapt their plans and actions as a real-time critical situation unfolds. This paper presents an advanced Command Post application that manages a diversity of FR teams during an emergency. Data from biometric, fire and/or gas sensors in addition to received annotated videos from first responders on site, carrying personal digital assistants (PDAs), are simultaneously managed. The presented system provides properly configured access to and alert-dependent visualization of real time location, biometric, gas, fire and annotated video data from FRs in the field to allow for effective reaction and decision support from CP personnel. Additionally, the system forms an information management system for all necessary information to be quickly handy during emergency handling, such as FR information, critical infrastructure information, historical information, etc. This system has been validated through qualitative analysis in a field trial at the M30 tunnel in Madrid by participating end users.
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Humasak Simanjuntak, & Fabio Ciravegna. (2019). Semantic Understanding of Human Mobility Lifestyle to support Crisis Management. In Z. Franco, J. J. González, & J. H. Canós (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management. Valencia, Spain: Iscram.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a method for understanding the semantics of mobility (mainly related to lifestyle)
patterns based on stay point detection from tracking data. The method identifies the context (trip purpose and
visited point of interest) of tracking data by using large-scale data collection infrastructure. We evaluate our
method with a tracking dataset in Birmingham (European project SETA) generated by 534 users from
September 2017 to September 2018. To this end, we compare insights from the tracking data with check-in
mobility in social media. The results show that both data capture rich human lifestyle features related to the
visited point of interest. Our study provides solid evidence that lifestyle patterns from tracking and social media
data can indeed be useful for understanding and gauging the level of disruption after a crisis, as it is possible to
check the deviation of habits from normal conditions and post-crisis.
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Suradej Intagorn, Anon Plangprasopchok, & Kristina Lerman. (2010). Harvesting geospatial knowledge from social metadata. In C. Zobel B. T. S. French (Ed.), ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings. Seattle, WA: Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM.
Abstract: Up-to-date geospatial information can help crisis management community to coordinate its response. In addition to data that is created and curated by experts, there is an abundance of user-generated, user-curated data on Social Web sites such as Flickr, Delicious, and Google Earth, that can be used to harvest knowledge to solve real-world problems. User-generated, or social, metadata can be used to learn concepts and relations between them that can improve information discovery, and data integration and management. We describe a method that aggregates social metadata created by thousands of users of the social photo-sharing site Flickr to learn geospatial concepts and relations. Our method leverages geotagged data to represent and reason about places. We evaluate learned geospatial relations by comparing them to a reference ontology provided by GeoNames.org. We show that our approach achieves good performance and also learns useful information that does not appear in the reference ontology.
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Marco Polo Ruiz Herrera, & Juan Sánchez Díaz. (2019). Improving Emergency Response through Business Process, Case Management, and Decision Models. In Z. Franco, J. J. González, & J. H. Canós (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management. Valencia, Spain: Iscram.
Abstract: The emergency procedures contain a set of actions responsible for providing the necessary corrective measures to address an emergency. The relevance of contextual knowledge during emergency responses is of utmost importance since many decisions are made from the information gathered in real time that sometimes conflicts with the formal knowledge specified in the emergency plan. Consequently, tools that support the emergency plan mentioned must be sensitive to context and allow decision making at the time an emergency takes place. We demonstrate how Case Management Modeling Notation (CMMN) along with Decision Model and Notation (DMN) are very suitable approaches to obtain a flexible model adapted to the context-driven response processes.
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Massimo Cossentino, Davide, rea Guastella, Salvatore Lopes, Luca Sabatucci, & Mario Tripiciano. (2022). From Textual Emergency Procedures to Executable Plans. In Rob Grace, & Hossein Baharmand (Eds.), ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 200–212). Tarbes, France.
Abstract: Crisis response and management often involve joint actions among different actors. This is particularly true in cross border cooperation, i.e. when actors belong to different countries. This is the operative context of the NETTUNIT research project, which long-term objective is to provide automatic support to emergency management. Modelling emergency plans is challenging because they are usually written in free-form text, thus in a form that is very far from being automatically processed and executed. In other words, it is non-trivial to define workflows capable of managing and monitoring emergency plans. To complicate the problem, typically an emergency evolves in a highly dynamic environment, so there is the need for run-time adaptation. In this paper, we propose a roadmap for producing executable workflows from emergency free-text plans. We set up our current progress in the project and focus on the sub-problem of identifying a suitable modelling notation. We also propose two improvements with respect to the state of the art: 1) a specific diagram focusing on events, roles and responsibilities in a goal-oriented fashion; 2) some guidelines for depicting the emergency plan at hand with a modelling notation.
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Dick Ooms, & Willem-Jan Van Den Heuvel. (2014). If every nail looks different, you need different hammers: Modeling civil-military interaction. In and P.C. Shih. L. Plotnick M. S. P. S.R. Hiltz (Ed.), ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 349–353). University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University.
Abstract: In the response to emergencies and disasters, effective cooperation and information exchange between military and civil actors is essential. However, in practice, the quality of civil-military interaction (CMI) leaves much to be desired. Our research takes an engineering approach, which is complementary to most behavioral-oriented research in the CMI domain. In particular, we seek to support CMI processes with innovative Information Technology solutions. To this end, we are developing a comprehensive conceptual model of the CMI domain, which is currently lacking. This paper contributes to its development by investigating candidate technologies and defining CMI domain model requirements. Exploiting these requirements as criteria, we have evaluated three modeling methods and languages, i.e. the Unified Modeling Language (UML), the Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) and the Design and Engineering Methodology for Organizations (DEMO). Based on the comparative study, we conclude that a combination of these is required for modeling the CMI domain.
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Johannes Sautter, Sebastian Kurowski, Heiko Roßnagel, Wolf Engelbach, & Jan Zibuschka. (2012). Interoperability for information systems in public urban transport security: The SECUR-ED interoperability notation. In Z.Franco J. R. L. Rothkrantz (Ed.), ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management. Vancouver, BC: Simon Fraser University.
Abstract: In public transport and at large urban hubs, such as metro or train stations, transport operators and first responders collaborate in the prevention of and reaction to security issues. Within the EU demonstration project SECUR-ED a specific notation for interoperability of information systems in the domain of public transport security was developed. (In this context, the interoperability of actual operating systems is not the focus.) Based on UML (Unified Modelling Language), the notation language offers the possibility for structured modelling of system-of-systems architectures. Four interoperability object templates and their interdependencies form the underlying basis. Domain-specific annotation rules and guidelines for interoperability objects and their sub-component structures allow collaboration and interpretation of this model on various granularities and stages during a systems engineering process. © 2012 ISCRAM.
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