Patrick Lieser, Alaa Alhamoud, Hosam Nima, Björn Richerzhagen, Sanja Huhle, Doreen Böhnstedt, et al. (2018). Situation Detection based on Activity Recognition in Disaster Scenarios. In Kees Boersma, & Brian Tomaszeski (Eds.), ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (pp. 737–753). Rochester, NY (USA): Rochester Institute of Technology.
Abstract: In disaster situations like earthquakes and hurricanes, people have difficulties accessing shelter and requesting help. Many smartphone applications provide behavioral advice or means to communicate during such situations. However, to what extent a person is affected by a disaster is often unclear, as these applications rely on the user's subjective assessment. Therefore, detecting a user's situation is key to provide more meaningful information in such applications and to allows first responders to better assess incoming messages. We propose a predictive model that recognizes four normal and ten disaster-related activities achieving an average f1-score of up to 90.1\%, solely based on sensor readings of the subject's mobile device. We conduct an extensive measurement-based evaluation to assess the impact of individual model parameters on the prediction accuracy. Our model is orientation-independent, position-independent, and subject-independent, making it an ideal foundation for future context-aware emergency applications.
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Sarah Bratt, Bryan Semaan, Lauren Britton, Bryan Dosono, & Franco Zeno. (2017). Translation in Personal Crises: Opportunities for Wearables Design. In eds Aurélie Montarnal Matthieu Lauras Chihab Hanachi F. B. Tina Comes (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management (pp. 266–279). Albi, France: Iscram.
Abstract: This paper reports on a qualitative study exploring personal crises that emerge during transitions. Personal crises, like crises caused by natural disasters, often lead to new behaviors and opportunities for technology appropriation and design. Through interviews with 14 military veterans re-integrating into civilian society, we find that the veterans' transitions involve several impediments related to translation work--the process through which people make sense of the conflicting rules and norms between former and present social realities. We developed guidelines for the design of new wearable devices that can aid veterans in the translation process by proposing a six-fold schema of design criteria for wearables--detection, nudging, portability/proximity, inconspicuousness, connectivity, and reflection--to empower veterans in managing personal crises, fostering resilience, and creating normalcy. Finally, we develop the concept of identity creep to explicate these translation-breakdowns.
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