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Author |
Jun Hu; Xueming Shu; Shiyang Tang |
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Title |
Analysis of Core Social Actors in Nine Types of Mass Incidents Based on Social Network Analysis |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Pages |
219-231 |
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Keywords |
mass incidents, social network, social risk, cliques, core-periphery structure |
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Abstract |
This article studies on the cases of nine types of mass incidents happened in China during the last decade, and study the relationships among various social actors in different types of mass incidents with the methods of social networks from the perspective of relational theory. By constructing the social network of mass incidents, we statistically analyze the relationship intensity between social actors in different types of mass incidents, and calculate the centrality degrees of social actors, which can be regard as index to characterize the social risk of social actors. Meanwhile, we also analyze the cliques and “core-periphery” structure in the social network of mass incidents to get the core social actors in mass incidents, thus providing decision-making references for social leaders to effectively deal with mass incidents and improving emergency response capabilities. |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
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Track |
Ethical, Legal and Social Issues |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2102 |
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Author |
Nicolas Lalone; Jess Kropczynski; Andrea Tapia |
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Title |
The Symbiotic Relationship of Crisis Response Professionals and Enthusiasts as Demonstrated by Reddit's User-Interface Over Time |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Issue |
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Pages |
232-244 |
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Keywords |
Reddit, Experts, User-Interface, Communities, Social Networks |
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Abstract |
Since the Aurora, Colorado movie theater shooting of 2012, the web aggregation community Reddit has been an enthusiast-driven, public-facing source of information about crisis response efforts. We describe the evolution of Reddit's software from the Boston Marathon Bombing of 2013 to the Ferguson unrest throughout 2014. Initially, Reddit was built to aggregate verified news but beginning with the Aurora movie theater shooting, Reddit began to aggregate and verify breaking news. In response to criticism of Reddit's actions during the Boston Marathon Bombing, Reddit re-designed their software in an effort to more accurately mimic crisis response professionals by fostering rigor, information control, and tighter bureaucracy. Reddit's ability to swiftly change its software serves as an example of the possibilities of crisis informatics in practice. We highlight the processes that Reddit has taken to maintain its efficacy even within the current issues surrounding information verification and automated spreading of rumors and falsehoods. |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
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Track |
Ethical, Legal and Social Issues |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2103 |
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Author |
Nour Kanaan; Anouck Adrot |
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Title |
Managing inter-organizational breaks in a context of cross-border crisis |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
245-253 |
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Keywords |
Authority; Inter-Organisational Breaks; Structure Of Command; Resilience |
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Abstract |
Dysfunctions in interactions can impede communication between crisis responders. The literature in crisis management partially addresses this practical issue by outlining several types of “breaks” (Milburn, 1983). Breaks refer to social disruptions between organizations involved in crisis response that result in erosion of social links, conflicts amplifications and unstructured responsibilities allocation. However, research falls short of details about specification of these social breaks and how to address them, thereby leaving practitioners who need to handle this issue without clear practical guidelines. We draw on the concept of authority to help dealing with the occurrence of these breaks. The empirical analysis of this article focuses on a cross-border region between France and Germany, that is very likely to encounter inter-organizational breaks. This research in progress will contribute to understand the influence of authority on inter-organizational breaks and crisis response. We discuss the expected contribution of this research. |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
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Track |
Ethical, Legal and Social Issues |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2104 |
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Author |
Monika Buscher; Maria Alejandra Lujan Escalante; Hayley Alter; Xaroula Kerasidou |
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Title |
Is-IT-ethical? Responsible Research and Innovation for Disaster Risk Management |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
254-267 |
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Keywords |
IT-Ethics; ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI); disaster risk management, service design, human rights |
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Abstract |
Even though there are approaches for responsible research and innovation and recommendations on how to use IT, there is a lack of standardisation and guidance that integrates the perspectives of researchers, technology developers, end users, and society at large. In this paper we describe is-IT-ethical?, a European knowledge and service hub we are developing for diverse parties involved in crisis and disaster risk management with a commitment to European values and fundamental rights. The overarching rationale of the initiative is to support European societies' need to effectively balance the benefits of IT with values of democracy and fundamental rights, especially privacy and data protection. The initiative builds on more than seven years of research with practitioners, academic, and commercial IT designers. This paper describes our motivations and a prototype. |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
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Track |
Ethical, Legal and Social Issues |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2105 |
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Author |
Robin Batard; Frederick Benaben; Aurélie Montarnal; Christophe Prieur; Caroline Rizza |
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Title |
Ethical, Legal and Social considerations surrounding the use of social media by citizens during Hurricane Irma in Cuba |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
268-275 |
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Keywords |
ELSI, Social Media, Volunteers, Citizens, Hurricane Irma |
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Abstract |
While Hurricane Irma struck the Cuban Southern coasts, thousands of tourists were evacuated from this area and relocated in the Varadero peninsula. In a couple of days, all means for families and friends to connect with the tourists were down, leaving them without any information about the on-site situation. This paper focuses on the volunteer citizens' initiative to take advantage of social media, to enhance their own situational awareness in Varadero area, supporting fellow citizens to identify and localize their relatives. In particular, two Facebook groups that were created at the time are analyzed and their messages' content and objectives categorized. We will show that once more, social media has constituted opportunities for citizens to engage a specific response to the crisis, but at the same time has raised specific ethical and social issues. |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
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Track |
Ethical, Legal and Social Issues |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2106 |
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Author |
Laura Laguna Salvadó; Matthieu Lauras; Tina Comes |
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Title |
A Sustainability Maturity Assessment Method for the Humanitarian Supply Chain |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
276-290 |
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Keywords |
Sustainable performance, maturity assessment, Humanitarian Supply Chain |
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Abstract |
The HSC is a key element for the success of HOs relief operations. Today, the HSC performance faces many challenges: (1) the increasing gap between funding and needs; (2) donors ask for more transparency and accountability; (3) the growing urgency of switching to sustainable development is gaining ground in public opinion. Consequently, to maintain a competitive position (order winner) in the near future, considering sustainability in addition to effectiveness and efficiency to measure the performance of the operations becomes fundamental. In the literature, some authors have highlighted that the lack of Decision Support Systems difficult the planning and achievement of sustainability performance objectives in humanitarian operations. Therefore, we propose a sustainability maturity assessment method to improve the sustainability of HSC operations. Using the information gathered from IFRC field research, as well as from the literature, a proof of concept is presented to demonstrate the relevance of the proposal. |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Logistics and Supply-Chain Management in Crisis Response |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2107 |
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Author |
Alexander Gabriel; Florian Brauner; Andreas Lotter; Frank Fiedrich; Ompe Aimé Mudimu |
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Title |
The determination of critical components of European Rail Traffic Management systems towards cyber-attacks |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
291-303 |
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Keywords |
Cyber Attack, (Counter-) Terrorism, Vulnerability, European Rail Traffic Management System (ERMTS), Railway Transport |
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Abstract |
“Recent events have shown the vulnerability of IT systems of companies, organizations or even governments to hacker attacks. At the same time, information technologies are becoming increasingly established and important in various industries (digitalization). With a view to the modern development of terrorism, cyber-attacks can be used to physically damage critical infrastructures (CI). This leads to a new dimension of cyber-attacks, which are called terrorist cyber-attacks. The following research contributes to the identification of weak information technology components of railway operating systems and thus improves the safety of public transportation in the context of the European railway traffic management system (ERTMS). The core of this paper is an extended literature research on security flaws in the ERTMS. The future introduction of a methodology for evaluating the criticality of information technology system components will build on this using cyber threats and public transportation as examples.” |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
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Track |
Cybersecurity Issues and Innoations for Crisis Response |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2108 |
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Author |
Fabio Ciravegna; Jerry Gao; Chris Ingram; Neil Ireson; Vita Lanfranchi; Humasak Simanjuntak |
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Title |
Mapping Mobility to Support Crisis Management |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
305-316 |
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Keywords |
GIS, mapping, mobility tracking, large scale data, visual analytics. |
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Abstract |
In this paper we describe a method and an infrastructure for rapid mapping of mobility patterns, based on a combination of a mobile mobility tracker, a large-scale data collection infrastructure, and a data and visual analytics tool. The combination of the three enables mapping everyday mobility patterns for decision makers, e.g. city council, motorways authorities, etc. and can support emergency responders in improving their preparedness and the recovery in the aftermath of a crisis. The technology is currently employed over very large scale: (i) in England it is used by a public body to incentivise physical mobility (400,000 app downloads and hundreds of millions of data point since September 2017); (ii) in Sheffield UK, through the MoveMore initiative, tracking active mobility of users (5,000 downloads); and (iii) the European project SETA, to track multimodal mobility patterns in three cities (Birmingham, Santander and Turin). |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Geospatial Technologies and Geographic Information Science for Crisis Management (GIS) |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2109 |
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Author |
Michael Auer; Melanie Eckle; Sascha Fendrich; Luisa Griesbaum; Fabian Kowatsch; Sabrina Marx; Martin Raifer; Moritz Schott; Rafael Troilo; Alexander Zipf |
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Title |
Towards Using the Potential of OpenStreetMap History for Disaster Activation Monitoring |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Pages |
317-325 |
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Keywords |
OpenStreetMap, OpenStreetMap History, Disaster management, Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team, Street network analyses |
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Abstract |
“Over the last couple of years, the growing OpenStreetMap (OSM) data base repeatedly proved its potential for various use cases, including disaster management. Disaster mapping activations show increasing contributions, but oftentimes raise questions related to the quality of the provided \emph{Volunteered Geographic Information} (VGI). In order to better monitor and understand OSM mapping and data quality, we developed a software platform that applies big data technology to OSM full history data. OSM full history data monitoring allows detailed analyses of the OSM data evolution and the detection of remarkable patterns over time. This paper illustrates the specific potential of the platform for disaster activations by means of two case studies. Initial results demonstrate that our flexible and scalable platform structure enables fast and easy information extraction and supports mapping processes and data quality assurance.” |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Geospatial Technologies and Geographic Information Science for Crisis Management (GIS) |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2110 |
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Author |
Zachary Sutherby; Brian Tomaszewski |
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Title |
Conceptualizing the Role Geographic Information Capacity has on Quantifying Ecosystem Services under the Framework of Ecological Disaster Risk Reduction (EcoDRR) |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
326-333 |
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Keywords |
Disaster Risk Reduction, Ecosystem Services, Geographic Information Capacity, Hazards. |
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Abstract |
The use of ecosystems for EcoDRR is a beneficial and a viable option for community stakeholders. For example, ecosystems can mitigate the effects of hazards experienced in anthropogenic communities. Ecosystem services are the underlying reason for this benefit. EcoDRR is the idea of sustainable management, conservation, and restoration of ecosystems to maximize ecosystem services and reduce disaster risks and impacts. The use of geospatial technologies to monitor large-scale ecosystems are often subject to Geographic Information Capacity (GIC), or the ability of ecosystem stakeholders to utilize all existing geographic information, resources, and capacities to monitor ecosystem services. Though these tools are useful, currently there is not a tool that specifically quantifies ecosystem services in the context of DRR. The main contribution of this paper is a conceptual framework intended to quantify ecosystem services in the context of EcoDRR. |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
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Track |
Geospatial Technologies and Geographic Information Science for Crisis Management (GIS) |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2111 |
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Author |
Vitaveska Lanfranchi; Nadia Noori; Tudor Sirbu |
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Title |
GPS-based solution for tracking and protecting humanitarians in conflict zones |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
334-349 |
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Keywords |
Humanitarian aid work, Real-time location systems, security threats, threat detections, situational awareness. |
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Abstract |
The operational environment in which humanitarians operate is unstable and high-risk; when operating in such environments, time becomes a critical factor. Thus, real-time location systems (RTLS) are often deployed in the operational environment to provide awareness of the location of personnel and assets in real-time that would support an informed decision making in the event of responding to emergency. Whilst standard RTLS are very precise, they are not suitable to outdoor spaces; GPS position technology can be used to identify the location of objects and people and to track them. In this paper, first, we present a description of threat scenarios identified based on information from existing security incidents datasets and from interviews with aid workers and security professionals operating in high-risk regions. Second, we describe the implementation of a GPS-based real-time location tracking and alert system for humanitarians operating in conflict zones that supports the identified scenarios. |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Geospatial Technologies and Geographic Information Science for Crisis Management (GIS) |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2112 |
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Author |
Chanvi Kotak; Brian Tomaszewski; Erik Golen |
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Title |
3-1-1 Calls Hot Spot Analysis During Hurricane Harvey: Preliminary Results |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
350-361 |
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Keywords |
Hurricane Harvey, 3-1-1 data calls, hot spot analysis. |
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Abstract |
Hurricane Harvey caused massive damage and necessitated the need for identification of areas under high risk. During Harvey, the city of Houston received more than 77000, 3-1-1 calls for assistance. Due to damage caused to the infrastructure, it became difficult to handle and respond to the crisis. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a vital technology to assist with real-time disaster monitoring. we investigated if a correlation could be found between 311 data calls made during the Hurricane Harvey and aerial images captured during the event, specifically to see if 311 data could be ground-truthed via hot spot analysis. Preliminary results indicate that visual representation of 3-1-1 call data can aid in analyzing the expected areas of high traffic of calls for assistance and plan an effective way to manage resources. Future work will involve more in-depth analysis of combined 3-1-1 call data with satellite imagery using image classification techniques. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Geospatial Technologies and Geographic Information Science for Crisis Management (GIS) |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2113 |
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Author |
Varsha Hassan Vishwanath; Brian Tomaszewski |
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Title |
Flood Hazard, Vulnerability, Risk Assessment for Uttarakhand State in India |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
362-375 |
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Keywords |
Flood risk, DEM, GIS, India, Uttarakhand. |
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Abstract |
The Indian state of Uttarakhand, located in the valleys of the Himalayan Mountains, is severely prone to flash floods. High intense rainfall, slope, river channels are some of the significant factors responsible for flash floods. In this work-in-progress paper, we address these challenges via a geospatial flood risk analysis that utilizes hazard and vulnerability assessments, computed using satellite, hydrologic and demographic data by employing Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The entire analysis was carried out in geosprocesing framework. The resulting maps indicate that flood risk regions have significant correspondence to regions that are highly hazardous and vulnerable. These maps could help in developing better disaster management measures for Uttarakhand. Flash floods still being a globally challenging problem, these methods and results could be used to expand research and improve flash floods prediction and warning systems in many countries. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Geospatial Technologies and Geographic Information Science for Crisis Management (GIS) |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2114 |
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Author |
Zewei Zhang; Hongyong Yuan; Lida Huang |
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Title |
Study on the Utility of Emergency Map in Emergency Response |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
377-387 |
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Keywords |
Emergency Map, communication model, group communication mode, order degree, information transfer efficiency. |
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Abstract |
As modern cities expand rapidly, the loss of emergency has been more serious. To reduce or even avoid losses caused by disasters, using emergency maps to collect, aggregate, analyze, and communicate information is a prerequisite for efficient response. In this paper, we analyzed the impact factors of information transfer efficiency, and constructed the communication model provided by Emergency Map. By comparing the difference with case deduction between the traditional communication mode in emergency response and the new communication mode based on Emergency Map, which is called Group Communication Mode. We proved the Group Communication Mode had the advantages to improve information transfer efficiency in emergency response. Emergency Map can be an effective tool for the timely transfer of information among departments, which put forward a novel communication mode in emergency decision-making process. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2115 |
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Author |
Marcus Dombois; Timo Bittner; Uwe Rüppel |
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Title |
Approaching the criticality of information for emergency response and control center operations |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
388-397 |
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Keywords |
Criticality analysis, information management, emergency services and procedures |
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Abstract |
Successful emergency response and control center operations rely on a great number of information sources. The importance of said information becomes immediately obvious if it is not available when required during an emergency situation. This can be described as the criticality of information, signifying a potential need for action to prepare for functional failures. The concept described in this paper approaches the criticality via an analysis that examines various combinations of information sources and situations in order to identify weaknesses and improve existing procedures. The proposed semi-quantitative assessment was developed taking several attributes and characteristics of criticality into account and afterwards conducted in close cooperation with emergency response institutions. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2116 |
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Author |
Hans Christian Augustijn Wienen; Faiza Allah Bukhsh; Eelco Vriezekolk; Roel J. Wieringa |
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Title |
Accident Analysis Methods and Models – a Systematic Review |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
398-408 |
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Keywords |
Accident Analysis Methods and Models – a Systematic Review |
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Abstract |
After a risk has manifested itself and has led to an accident, valuable lessons can be learned that can be taken into account to reduce the risk of a similar accident occurring again. This calls for accident analysis methods. In the past 20 years a large number of accident analysis methods have been proposed and it is difficult to find the right method to apply in a specific circumstance. We conducted a review of the state of the art of accident analysis methods and models across domains. We classify the models using the well-known categorization into sequential, epidemiological and systemic methods. We find that these classes have their own characteristics in terms of speed of application versus pay-off. For optimum risk reduction, methods that take organizational issues into account can add valuable information to the risk management process in an organization. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2117 |
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Author |
Min Zhu; Ruxue Chen; Shi Chen; Shaobo Zhong; Cheng Liu; Tianye Lin; Quanyi Huang; Xin Zhai |
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Title |
A Conceptual Double Scenario Model for Predicting Medical Service Needs in the International Disaster Relief Action |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
409-418 |
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Keywords |
Disaster Relief; Medical Service Needs; Scenario Model |
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Abstract |
Man-made and natural disasters have affected people worldwide. Mass casualty incidents would create a surge in demand for medical services. Medical service needs are the basis of medical strategic readiness plan. In recent years, international actions have been criticized for being ill-adapted to dominating health needs of the affected region. The “Scenario-Response” modeling is an important method in disaster prediction. This research established a medical service needs scenario model with two different levels of ambition: a disaster scenario, in which casualty figure, composition of injuries are constrained by the types of the disaster as well as the degree of the damage, and a country scenario, in which the healthcare needs are constrained by the health coverage and the health condition of local people. Armed conflicts in Yemen and Syria Arab Republic were analyzed by this model. The results showed that the outcome of this model fit the reality. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2118 |
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Author |
Ioan M. Ciumasu |
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Title |
A coordination lattice model for building urban resilience |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
419-427 |
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Keywords |
Resilient communities, Social learning, Data-Information-Knowledge-Action-Result, Foresight, Planning |
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Abstract |
Common denominators emerge difficultly in projects bridging science and society or/and across disciplines. Managing crises require inter-organizational learning and citizen involvement, but, often such undertakings lead to bargain resulting in sub-optimal decisions. Building resilience into human communities demands complex projects, which further require good problem definition, starting with agreements on values and knowledge, as basis for further agreements on goals and methods. This paper spreads the Data-Information-Knowledge-Action-Result frame over a 4-level process to generate a DIKAR_process matrix and lattice that allows optimal orientation and coordination towards achieving a set of common denominators and coordinated action protocols. This framework allows sequences and cycles that can be formulated and pursued simultaneously, comparatively and iteratively, within any large, heterogeneous constituency of actors involved in building resilience in local communities. The model is illustrated and discussed in relation to urban sustainability issues and complementary methods like knowledge maps, mental models, social learning and scenarios. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2119 |
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Author |
Stefan Schauer; Stefan Rass; Sandra König; Thomas Grafenauer; Martin Latzenhofer |
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Title |
Analyzing Cascading Effects among Critical Infrastructures |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
428-437 |
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Keywords |
Cascading effects, interdependent critical infrastructures, Markov chains, simulation |
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Abstract |
In this article, we present a novel approach, which allows not only to identify potential cascading effects within a network of interrelated critical infrastructures but also supports the assessment of these cascading effects. Based on percolation theory and Markov chains, our method models the interdependencies among various infrastructures and evaluates the possible consequences if an infrastructure has to reduce its capacity or is failing completely, by simulating the effects over time. Additionally, our approach is designed to take the intrinsic uncertainty into account, which resides in the description of potential consequences a failing critical infrastructure might cause, by using probabilistic state transitions. In this way, not only the critical infrastructure's risk and security managers are able to evaluate the consequences of an incident anywhere in the network but also the emergency services can use this information to improve their operation in case of a crisis and anticipate potential trouble spots. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2120 |
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Author |
José J. González; José H. Canós-Cerdá; Tony Norris; Reem Abbas |
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Title |
Towards Disaster e-Health Support Systems |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
438-443 |
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Keywords |
Disaster e-health, disaster response, disaster e-health support system |
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Abstract |
Disaster management and the health sector ought to be natural allies, but their different origins, culture, and priorities of the various agencies tasked with disaster response mean that communication and coordination between them is often lacking, leading to delayed, sub-standard, or inappropriate care for disaster victims. The potential of the new e-health technologies, such as the electronic health record, telehealth and mobile health, that are revolutionizing non-disaster healthcare, is also not being realised. These circumstances have led to an international project to develop a disaster e-health framework for the objectives of intelligent adaption to changing scenarios, presentation and management of information, and communication and collaboration. In this paper, we describe characteristics of disaster e-health support systems to achieve such set of objectives. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2121 |
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Author |
Christian Reuter; Gerhard Backfried; Marc-André Kaufhold; Fabian Spahr |
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Title |
ISCRAM turns 15: A Trend Analysis of all ISCRAM-Papers 2004-2017 |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
445-458 |
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Keywords |
ISCRAM, Social Media, Trend Analysis, Systematic Literature Review, Vocabulary Analysis |
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Abstract |
In 2004, Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) was a new area of research. Pioneering researchers from different continents and disciplines found fellowship at the first ISCRAM work-shop. Around the same time, the use of social media in crises was first recognized in academia. In 2018, the 15th ISCRAM conference will take place, which gives us the possibility to look back on what has already been achieved with regard to IT support in crises using social media. With this article, we examine trends and devel-opments with a specific focus on social media. We analyzed all papers published at previous ISCRAMs (n=1339). Our analysis shows that various platforms, the use of language and coverage of different types of disasters follow certain trends – most noticeably a dominance of Twitter, English and crises with large impacts such as hurricanes or earthquakes can be seen. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2122 |
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Author |
Diana Fischer; Carsten Schwemmer; Kai Fischbach |
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Title |
Terror Management and Twitter: The Case of the 2016 Berlin Terrorist Attack |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
459-468 |
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Keywords |
Terrorist attacks, social networking sites, social media, Twitter, topic modeling, terror management, sense-making |
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Abstract |
There is evidence that people increasingly use social networking sites like Twitter in the aftermath of terrorist attacks to make sense of the events at the collective level. This work-in-progress paper focuses on the content of Twitter messages related to the 2016 terrorist attack on the Berlin Christmas market. We chose topic modeling to investigate the Twitter data and the terror management theory perspective to understand why people used Twitter in the aftermath of the attack. In particular, by connecting people and providing a real-time communication channel, Twitter helps its users collectively negotiate their worldviews and re-establish self-esteem. We provide first results and discuss next steps. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2123 |
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Author |
Yajie Li; Amanda Lee Hughes; Peter D. Howe |
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Title |
Communicating Crisis with Persuasion: Examining Official Twitter Messages on Heat Hazards |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
469-479 |
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Keywords |
Persuasion, crisis communication, susceptibility, social media, heat hazards. |
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Abstract |
Official crisis messages need to be persuasive to promote appropriate public responses. However, little research has examined the content of crisis messages from a persuasion perspective, especially for natural hazards. This study deductively identifies five persuasive message factors (PMFs) applicable to natural hazards, including two under-examined health-related PMFs: health risk susceptibility and health impact. Using 2016 heat hazards as a case study, this paper content-analyzes heat-related Twitter messages (N=904) posted by eighteen U.S. National Weather Service Weather Forecast Offices according to the five PMFs. We find that the use of descriptions of hazard intensity is disproportionately high, with a lack of use of other PMFs. We also describe different types of statements used to signal the two health-related PMFs. We conclude with implications and recommendations relevant to practitioners and researchers in social media crisis communication. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2124 |
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Author |
Mahshid Marbouti; Craig Anslow; Frank Maurer |
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Title |
Evaluation results for a Social Media Analyst Responding Tool |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
480-492 |
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Keywords |
Situation Awareness, Social Media, Emergency Management, User Study. |
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Abstract |
We take a human-centered design approach to develop a fully functional prototype, SMART (“Social Media Analyst Responding Tool”), informed by emergency practitioners. The prototype incorporates machine learning techniques to identify relevant information during emergencies. In this paper, we report the result of a user study to gather qualitative feedback on SMART. The evaluation results offer recommendations into the design of Social Media analysis tools for emergencies. The evaluation findings show the interest of emergency practitioners into designing such solutions; it reflects their need to not only identify relevant information but also to further perceive the outcome of their actions in social media. We found out there is a notable emphasis on the sentiment from these practitioners and social media analysis tools need to do a better job of handling negative sentiment within the emergency concept. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
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Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2125 |
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Author |
Jan Wendland; Christian Ehnis; Rodney J. Clarke; Deborah Bunker |
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Title |
Sydney Siege, December 2014: A Visualisation of a Semantic Social Media Sentiment Analysis |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings – 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iscram 2018 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
493-506 |
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Keywords |
Social Media, Sentiment Analysis, Systemic Functional Linguistics, Extreme Events, Crisis Communication |
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Abstract |
Sentiment Analyses are widely used approaches to understand and identify emotions, feelings, and opinion on social media platforms. Most sentiment analysis systems measure the presumed emotional polarity of texts. While this is sufficient for some applications, these approaches are very limiting when it comes to understanding how social media users actually use language resources to make sense of extreme events. In this paper, a Sentiment Analysis based on the Appraisal System from the theory of communication called Systemic Functional Linguistics is applied to understand the sentiment of event-driven social media communication. A prototype was developed to analyze Twitter data using the Appraisal System. This prototype was applied to tweets collected during and after the Sydney Siege 2014, a hostage situation in a busy café in Sydney. Because the Appraisal System is a theorised functional communication method, the results of this analysis are more nuanced than is possible with traditional polarity based sentiment analysis. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Rochester Institute of Technology |
Place of Publication |
Rochester, NY (USA) |
Editor |
Kees Boersma; Brian Tomaszeski |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
978-0-692-12760-5 |
Medium |
|
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Track |
Social Media Studies |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
ISCRAM 2018 Conference Proceedings - 15th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
|
Serial |
2126 |
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