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Author Jennings Anderson; Marina Kogan; Melissa Bica; Leysia Palen; Kenneth Anderson; Rebecca Morss; Julie Demuth; Heather Lazrus; Olga Wilhelmi
Title Far Far Away in Far Rockaway: Responses to Risks and Impacts during Hurricane Sandy through First-Person Social Media Narratives Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Crisis Informatics; Hurricane Sandy; Protective Decision Making; Risk Perception; Social Media; Twitter
Abstract When Hurricane Sandy swept over the US eastern seaboard in October 2012, it was the most tweeted about event at the time. However, some of the most affected areas were underrepresented in the social media conversation about Sandy. Here, we examine the hurricane-related experiences and behaviors shared on Twitter by residents of Far Rockaway, a New York City neighborhood that is geographically and socioeconomically vulnerable to disasters, which was significantly affected by the storm. By carefully filtering the vast Twitter data, we focus on 41 Far Rockaway residents who offer rich personal accounts of their experience with Sandy. Analyzing their first-person narratives, we see risk perception and protective decision-making behavior in their data. We also find themes of invisibility and neglect when residents expressed feeling abandoned by the media, the city government, and the overall relief efforts in the aftermath of Sandy.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 1388
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Author Venkata Kishore Neppalli; Murilo Cerqueira Medeiros; Cornelia Caragea; Doina Caragea; Andrea Tapia; Shane Halse
Title Retweetability Analysis and Prediction during Hurricane Sandy Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Twitter; Retweetability Analysis; Retweetability Prediction; Hurricane Sandy; Disaster Events
Abstract Twitter is a very important source for obtaining information, especially during events such as natural disasters. Users can spread information in Twitter either by crafting new posts, which are called ?tweets,? or by using retweet mechanism to re-post the previously created tweets. During natural disasters, identifying how likely a tweet is to be highly retweeted is very important since it can help promote the spread of good information in a network such as Twitter, as well as it can help stop the spread of misinformation, when corroborated with approaches that identify trustworthy information or misinformation, respectively. In this paper, we present an analysis on retweeted tweets to determine several aspects affecting retweetability. We then extract features from tweets? content and user account information and perform experiments to develop models that automatically predict the retweetability of a tweet in the context of the Hurricane Sandy.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1389
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Author Apoorva Chauhan; Amanda Lee Hughes
Title Online Mentioning Behavior during Hurricane Sandy: References, Recommendations, and Rebroadcasts Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Crisis Informatics; Social Media; Emergency Management
Abstract Large-scale crisis events require coordination between the many responding stakeholders to provide timely, relevant, and accurate information to the affected public. In this paper, we examine how social media can support these coordinated public information efforts. This research considers how emergency responders mentioned different organizations, institutions, and individuals by examining the social media communications of police and fire departments during Hurricane Sandy. We find that these departments use mentions to reference other sources of information, recommend credible information and sources, and rebroadcast information. These mentions offer insight into how emergency responders fit within a broader crisis information network and the types of entities that responders trust and recommend to provide information to the public.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1390
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Author Elodie Fichet; John Robinson; Dharma Dailey; Kate Starbird
Title Eyes on the Ground: Emerging Practices in Periscope Use during Crisis Events Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Social Media; Periscope; Twitter; Crisis Informatics; Emergency Management
Abstract This empirical analysis examines the use of the live-streaming application Periscope in three crises that occurred in 2015. Qualitative analyses of tweets relating to the Amtrak derailment in Philadelphia, Baltimore protests after Freddie Grey?s death, and Hurricane Joaquin flooding in South Carolina reveal that this recently deployed application is being used by both citizens and journalists for information sharing, crisis coverage and commentary. The accessibility and immediacy of live video directly from crisis situations, and the embedded chats which overlay on top of a video feed, extend the possibilities of real-time interaction between remote crowds and those on the ground in a crisis. These empirical findings suggest several potential challenges and opportunities for responders.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 1391
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Author Yuhong Li; Christopher Zobel
Title Small Businesses and Social Media Usage in the 2013 Colorado Floods Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Social Media; Small Business; Recovery; Disaster
Abstract The recovery of small businesses from a disaster is critical to community recovery. Such businesses can be extremely vulnerable to disasters, particularly because they often occupy a single location and have a localized customer base. Although social media is an effective platform for information dissemination, and has been extensively used in a disaster context, the way in which small businesses use social media in this context, and the effectiveness of those efforts, are still not well understood. With this in mind, this paper uses the 2013 floods along the Front Range in Colorado as a case study to help improve our understanding of how small businesses use social media in disaster situations. Characterizing the organizations' behavior involves using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, and the paper focuses on an initial qualitative analysis.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1392
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Author Pragna Debnath; Saniul Haque; Somprakash Bandyopadhyay; Siuli Roy
Title Post-disaster Situational Analysis from WhatsApp Group Chats of Emergency Response Providers Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Use of social media has established itself as one of the important information carriers in the field of disaster management. However, use of Twitter and Facebook by victims, first responders and others generates information that is varied, unstructured and unreliable. On the other hand, NGOs, operating in the disaster area, are often involved in intra-organizational communication using messaging apps like WhatsApp, and their group interactions can help in gathering meaningful data for situational analysis and need assessment. Our focus is to automate the process of filtering relevant information, query-based clustering of pertinent information from a WhatsApp group conversation of a specific volunteer group, so that situation analysis and need assessment can be done more rapidly. We have evaluated our scheme using WhatsApp chat log of a medical volunteer group in two post-disaster scenarios and concluded that it can provide valuable insights about region-specific resource requirements and allocation for effective decision making.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1393
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Author Antonin Segault; Federico Tajariol; Yang Ishigaki; Ioan Roxin
Title #geiger 2: Developing Guidelines for Radiation Measurements Sharing on Social Media Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Twitter; Nuclear Post-Accident; Radiation; Robots; Syntax
Abstract Radiation measurements are key information in post-nuclear accident situations. Automated Twitter accounts have been used to share the readings, but often in an incomplete way from the perspective of data sharing and risk communication between citizen and radiation experts. In this paper, we investigate the requirements for radiation measurements completeness, by analyzing the perceived usefulness of several metadata items that may go along the measurement itself. We carried out a benchmark of existing uses, and conducted a survey with both experts and lay citizens. We thus produced a set of guidelines regarding the metadata that should be used, and the way to publish it.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1394
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Author Shannon Daly; James A. Thom
Title Mining and Classifying Image Posts on Social Media to Analyse Fires Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Flickr; Image Analytics; Geotags; Geocoding
Abstract We propose a methodology to study the occurrence of fires through image posts on Flickr; crowd-sourcing information from a noisy social media dataset can estimate the presence of fires. We collect several years worth of photos and associated metadata using fire-related search terms. We use an image classification model to detect geotagged photos that are further analysed to determine if a fire event did occur at a particular time and place. Furthermore, a case study investigates image features and spatio-temporal elements in the metadata, as well as location information contained in camera EXIF data.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 1395
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Author Muhammad Imran; Prasenjit Mitra; Jaideep Srivastava
Title Cross-Language Domain Adaptation for Classifying Crisis-Related Short Messages Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Social Media; Tweets Classification; Domain Adaptation
Abstract Rapid crisis response requires real-time analysis of messages. After a disaster happens, volunteers attempt to classify tweets to determine needs, e.g., supplies, infrastructure damage, etc. Given labeled data, supervised machine learning can help classify these messages. Scarcity of labeled data causes poor performance in machine training. Can we reuse old tweets to train classifiers? How can we choose labeled tweets for training? Specifically, we study the usefulness of labeled data of past events. Do labeled tweets in different language help? We observe the performance of our classifiers trained using different combinations of training sets obtained from past disasters. We perform extensive experimentation on real crisis datasets and show that the past labels are useful when both source and target events are of the same type (e.g. both earthquakes). For similar languages (e.g., Italian and Spanish), cross-language domain adaptation was useful, however, when for different languages (e.g., Italian and English), the performance decreased.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1396
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Author Cornelia Caragea; Adrian Silvescu; Andrea Tapia
Title Identifying Informative Messages in Disasters using Convolutional Neural Networks Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Informative Tweets Classification; Disaster Events; Convolutional Neural Networks
Abstract Social media is a vital source of information during any major event, especially natural disasters. Data produced through social networking sites is seen as ubiquitous, rapid and accessible, and it is believed to empower average citizens to become more situationally aware during disasters and coordinate to help themselves. However, with the exponential increase in the volume of social media data, so comes the increase in data that are irrelevant to a disaster, thus, diminishing peoples? ability to find the information that they need in order to organize relief efforts, find help, and potentially save lives. In this paper, we present an approach to identifying informative messages in social media streams during disaster events. Our approach is based on Convolutional Neural Networks and shows significant improvement in performance over models that use the ?bag of words? and n-grams as features on several datasets of messages from flooding events.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1397
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Author Emma Potter
Title Balancing conflicting operational and communications priorities: social media use in an emergency management organization Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Emergency Management; Social Media; Internal Communication; Disasters; Ethnography
Abstract Social media are now widely used by affected members of the public during an emergency. As these platforms have become mainstream, governments have responded to the public?s expectation that information is available online, particularly during disasters. Emergency management organizations (EMOs) now widely use social media to communicate with the public alongside occasional intelligence gathering. While EMOs increasingly use social media, breakdowns in internal communication can inhibit the dissemination of timely information to their online followers. Drawing on a two-year ethnography at the Queensland Fire and Emergency Services (QFES), an Australian EMO, this paper outlines how the organization uses social media to disseminate information during emergencies and identifies the internal tensions around its use. These tensions include the prioritization of operational duties over public information responsibilities, and the difficulties around requesting and receiving information from operational personnel located on the ground.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1398
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Author Louis Ngamassi; Thiagarajan Ramakrishnan; Shahedur Rahman
Title Examining the Role of Social Media in Disaster Management from an Attribution Theory Perspective Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Attribution Theory; Social Media; Disaster Management; Disaster Management Phases
Abstract This paper is related to the use of social media for disaster management by humanitarian organizations. The past decade has seen a significant increase in the use of social media to manage humanitarian disasters. It seems, however, that it has still not been used to its full potential. In this paper, we examine the use of social media in disaster management through the lens of Attribution Theory. Attribution Theory posits that people look for the causes of events, especially unexpected and negative events. The two major characteristics of disasters are that they are unexpected and have negative outcomes/impacts. Thus, Attribution Theory may be a good fit for explaining social media adoption patterns by emergency managers. We propose a model, based on Attribution Theory, which is designed to understand the use of social media during the mitigation and preparedness phases of disaster management. We also discuss the theoretical contributions and some practical implications. This study is still in its nascent stage and is research in progress.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1399
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Author Briony Jennifer Gray
Title Social Media and Disasters: A New Conceptual Framework Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Social Media; Conceptual Framework; Disaster Management; Web Accessibility; Information Reliability
Abstract Conceptual frameworks which seek to integrate social media uses into disaster management strategies are employed in a range of events. With continued variations to social media practices, developments in technology, and changes in online behaviors, it is imperative to provide conceptual frameworks which are relevant, current and insightful. This paper conceptualizes a range of recent literature through an inductive methodology, and presents the themes of Web accessibility and online information reliability as broad and emerging considerations for the identification of social media uses during disasters. It presents a new conceptual framework of current social media uses which may be used to supplement existing frameworks. The framework has been applied to a dataset of Tweets from the 2015 Nepal earthquake to demonstrate its validity. Suggestions for future applications are discussed.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1400
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Author Daniel Link; Bernd Hellingrath; Jie Ling
Title A Human-is-the-Loop Approach for Semi-Automated Content Moderation Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Disaster Management; Social Media Analysis; Human-Is-The-Loop; Content Moderation; Supervised Machine Learning
Abstract Online social media has been recognized as a valuable information source for disaster management whose volume, velocity and variety exceed manual processing capacity. Current machine learning systems that support the processing of such data generally follow a human-in-the-loop approach, which has several inherent limitations. This work applies the human-is-the-loop concept from visual analytics to semi-automate a manual content moderation workflow, wherein human moderators take the dominant role. The workflow is instantiated with a supervised machine learning system that supports moderators with suggestions regarding the relevance and categorization of content. The instantiated workflow has been evaluated using in-depth interviews with practitioners and serious games. which suggest that it offers good compatibility with work practices in humanitarian assessment as well as improved moderation quality and higher flexibility than common approaches.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1401
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Author Jidi Zhao; Linlin Wang
Title Research on Public Opinion Propagation in Micro-Blogging Based on Epidemic Models Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Mb-RP Model; Micro-Blogging; Public Opinion; Propagation Rules
Abstract Micro-blogging has become an important communication channel for public opinion topics with its own characteristics such as openness, timeliness and interactive and so on. Studying the propagation rules for public opinion topics in micro-blogging is important to monitor and understand Micro-blogging public opinion. In this paper, we study the spreading process of public opinion in micro-blogging, identify key elements in the process and propose an Mb-RP (Micro-blogging Read-Post) propagation model based on the traditional SIR (Susceptible- Infective-Recovered) epidemic model. Through statistical analysis of a case on Sina Weibo, we assign values to parameters in the model and conduct simulations. Simulation results show that the model established in this paper can well fit real data. Further study of the model indicates that, compared with the attention cycle and the average amount of readings per post, the forwarding rate has the most influence on Micro-blogging information propagation.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1402
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Author Shane Errol Halse; Andrea Tapia; Anna Squicciarini; Cornelia Caragea
Title Tweet Factors Influencing Trust and Usefulness During Both Man-Made and Natural Disasters Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Twitter; Sandy; Hurricane; Boston Bombing; Trust; Usefulness
Abstract To this date, research on crisis informatics has focused on the detection of trust in Twitter data through the use of message structure, sentiment, propagation and author. Little research has examined the usefulness of these messages in the crisis response domain. Toward detecting useful messages in case of crisis, in this paper, we characterize tweets, which are perceived useful or trustworthy, and determine their main features. Our analysis is carried out on two datasets (one natural and one man made) gathered from Twitter concerning hurricane Sandy in 2012 and the Boston Bombing 2013. The results indicate that there is a high correlation and similar factors (support for the victims, informational data, use of humor and type of emotion used) influencing trustworthiness and usefulness for both disaster types. This could have impacts on how messages from social media data are analyzed for use in crisis response.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1403
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Author Sofia Eleni Spatharioti; Rebecca Govoni; Jennifer S. Carrera; Sara Wylie; Seth Cooper
Title A Required Work Payment Scheme for Crowdsourced Disaster Response: Worker Performance and Motivations Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Iformation Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 475-488
Keywords crowdsourcing; Amazon Mechanical Turk; payment; motivation; required work
Abstract Crowdsourcing is an increasingly popular approach for processing data in response to disasters. While volunteer crowdsourcing may suÿce for high-profile disasters, paid crowdsourcing may be necessary to recruit workers for less prominent events. Thus, understanding the impact of payment schemes on worker behavior and motivation may improve outcomes. In this work, we presented workers recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk with a disaster response task in which they could provide a variable number of image ratings. We paid workers a fixed amount to provide a minimum number of image ratings, allowing them to voluntarily provide more if desired; this allowed us to examine the impact of dierent amounts of required work. We found that requiring no ratings resulted in workers voluntary completing more work, and being more likely to indicate motivation related to interest on a post survey, than when small numbers of ratings were required. This is consistent with the motivational crowding-out eect, even in paid crowdsourcing. We additionally found that providing feedback on progress positively impacted the amount of work done.
Address Northeastern University; Michigan State University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2036
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Author Sofia Eleni Spatharioti; Seth Cooper
Title On Variety, Complexity, and Engagement in Crowdsourced Disaster Response Tasks Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 489-498
Keywords crowdsourcing; Amazon Mechanical Turk; variety; complexity; engagement
Abstract Crowdsourcing is used to enlist workers as a resource for a variety of applications, including disaster response. However, simple tasks such as image labeling often feel monotonous and lead to worker disengagement. This provides a challenge for designing successful crowdsourcing systems. Existing research in the design of work indicates that task variety is a key factor in worker motivation. Therefore, we asked Amazon Mechanical Turk workers to complete a series of disaster response related subtasks, consisting of either image labeling or locating photographed areas on a map. We varied the frequency at which workers encountered the dierent subtask types, and found that switching subtask type at dierent frequencies impacted measures of worker engagement. This indicates that a certain amount of variety in subtasks may engage crowdsourcing workers better than uniform subtask types.
Address Northeastern University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2037
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Author Dat T. Nguyen; Firoj Alam; Ferda Ofli; Muhammad Imran
Title Automatic Image Filtering on Social Networks Using Deep Learning and Perceptual Hashing During Crises Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 499-511
Keywords social media; image processing; supervised classification; disaster management
Abstract The extensive use of social media platforms, especially during disasters, creates unique opportunities for humanitarian organizations to gain situational awareness and launch relief operations accordingly. In addition to the textual content, people post overwhelming amounts of imagery data on social networks within minutes of a disaster hit. Studies point to the importance of this online imagery content for emergency response. Despite recent advances in the computer vision field, automatic processing of the crisis-related social media imagery data remains a challenging task. It is because a majority of which consists of redundant and irrelevant content. In this paper, we present an image processing pipeline that comprises de-duplication and relevancy filtering mechanisms to collect and filter social media image content in real-time during a crisis event. Results obtained from extensive experiments on real-world crisis datasets demonstrate the significance of the proposed pipeline for optimal utilization of both human and machine computing resources.
Address Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha, Qatar
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2038
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Author Francesca Comunello; Simone Mulargia
Title A #cultural_change is needed. Social media use in emergency communication by Italian local level institutions Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 512-521
Keywords Social media; local level; emergency communication; barriers
Abstract We discuss the results of a research project aimed at exploring the use of social media in emergency communication by officers operating at a local level. We performed 16 semi-structured interviews with national level expert informants, and with officers operating at the municipality and province (prefectures) level in an Italian region (respondents were selected based on their involvement in emergency communication and/or emergency management processes). Social media usage appears distributed over a continuum of engagement, ranging from very basic usage to using social media by adopting a broadcasting approach, to deeper engagement, which also includes continuous interaction with citizens. Two main attitudes emerge both in the narrative style and in social media representations: some respondents seem to adopt an institutional attitude, while others adopt a practical-professional attitude. Among the main barriers to a broader adoption of social media, cultural considerations seem to prevail, along with the lack of personnel, a general concern toward social media communication reliability, and the perceived distance between the formal role of institutions and the informal nature of social media communication.
Address LUMSA University, Rome, Italy; Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2039
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Author Laura Petersen; Laure Fallou; Paul Reilly; Elisa Serafinelli
Title Public expectations of social media use by critical infrastructure operators in crisis communication Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 522-531
Keywords Social media; traditional media; crisis communication; critical infrastructure operators; public expectations
Abstract Previous research into the role of social media in crisis communication has tended to focus on how sites such as Twitter are used by emergency managers rather than other key stakeholders, such as critical infrastructure (CI) operators. This paper adds to this emergent field by empirically investigating public expectations of informatio provided by CI operators during crisis situations. It does so by drawing on key themes that emerged from a review of the literature on public expectations of disaster related information shared via social media, and presenting the results of an online questionnaire-based study of disaster-vulnerable communities in France, Norway, Portugal and Sweden. Results indicate that members of the public expect CI operators to provide disaster related information via traditional and social media and to respond to their queries on social media. CI operators should avail of the opportunities provided by social media to provide real-time information to disaster affected communities.
Address European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC); University of Sheffield
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2040
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Author Lívia Castro Degrossi; João Porto de Albuquerque; Roberto dos Santos Rocha; Alexander Zipf
Title A Framework of Quality Assessment Methods for Crowdsourced Geographic Information: a Systematic Literature Review Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 532-545
Keywords Volunteered Geographic Information; VGI; Crowdsourced Geographic Information; Quality Assessment; Systematic Literature Review
Abstract Crowdsourced Geographic Information (CGI) has emerged as a potential source of geographic information in different application domains. Despite the advantages associated with it, this information lacks quality assurance, since it is provided by different people. Therefore, several authors have started investigating different methods to assess the quality of CGI. Some of the existing methods have been summarized in different classification scheme. However, there is not an overview of the methods employed to assess the quality of CGI in the absence of authoritative data. On the basis of a systematic literature review, we found 13 methods that can be employed to this end.
Address Department of Computer Systems University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil; Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; GIScience Research Group, Heidelberg University, Germany
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2041
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Author Tom Wilson; Stephanie A. Stanek; Emma S. Spiro; Kate Starbird
Title Language Limitations in Rumor Research? Comparing French and English Tweets Sent During the 2015 Paris Attacks Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 546-553
Keywords social media; rumoring, language; crisis informatics; information diffusion
Abstract The ubiquity of social media facilitates widespread participation in crises. As individuals converge online to understand a developing situation, rumors can emerge. Little is currently known about how online rumoring behavior varies by language. Exploring a rumor from the 2015 Paris Attacks, we investigate Twitter rumoring behaviors across two languages: French, the primary language of the affected population; and English, the dominant language of Internet communication. We utilize mixed methods to qualitatively code and quantitatively analyze rumoring behaviors across French and English language tweets. Most interestingly, temporal engagement in the rumor varies across languages, but proportions of tweets affirming and denying a rumor are very similar. Analyzing tweet deletions and retweet counts, we find slight (but not significant) differences between languages. This work offers insight into potential limitations of previous research of online rumoring, which often focused exclusively on English language content, and demonstrates the importance of considering language in future work.
Address Human Centered Design and Engineering, University of Washington ; Information School, Department of Sociology, University of Washington
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2042
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Author Mohammed Benali, A.R.G.
Title Towards a Crowdsourcing-based Approach to enhance Decision Making in Collaborative Crisis Management Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 554-563
Keywords Crisis management; decision making; crowdsourcing; SBPMN
Abstract Managing crises is considered as one of the most complicated organizational and managerial task. Indeed, dealing with such situations calls for many groups from different institutions and organizations to interact and collaborate their efforts in a timely manner to reduce their effects. However, response organizations are challenged by several problems. The urgent need of a shared and mutual situational awareness, information and knowledge about the situation are distributed across time and space and owned by both organizations and people. Additionally, decisions and actions have to be achieved promptly, under stress and time pressure. The contribution outlined in this paper is suggesting a crowdsourcing-based approach for decision making in collaborative crisis management based on the literature requirements. The objective of the approach is to support situational awareness and enhance the decision making process by involving citizens in providing opinions and evaluations of potential response actions.
Address Laboratoire de Méthodes de Conception des Systèmes, Ecole nationale Supérieure d'Informatique, Alger, Algérie
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2043
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Author Samuel Lee Toepke
Title Temporal Sampling Implications for Crowd Sourced Population Estimations from Social Media Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2017
Volume Issue Pages 564-571
Keywords Population estimation; emergency response; temporal sampling; volunteered geospatial information; data mining
Abstract Understanding the movements of a population throughout the 24-hour day is critical when directing disaster response in an urban area. An emergency situation can develop rapidly, and understanding the expected locations of groups of people is required for the success of first responders. Recent advances in modern consumer technologies have facilitated the generation, sharing and mining of an extensive amount of volunteered geographic information. Users leverage inexpensive smart devices, pervasive Internet connections and social media services to provide data about geospatial locations. Using an enterprise system, it is possible to aggregate this freely available, geospatially enabled data and create a population estimation with high spatiotemporal resolution, via a heat map. This investigation explores the effects of different temporal sampling periods when creating such estimations. Time periods are selected, estimations are generated for several large urban areas in the western United States, and comparisons of the results are shown/discussed.
Address Private Engineering Firm
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher (up) Iscram Place of Publication Albi, France Editor Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2044
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