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Author Briony Jennifer Gray
Title Social Media and Disasters: A New Conceptual Framework Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings ? 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2016
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Social Media; Conceptual Framework; Disaster Management; Web Accessibility; Information Reliability
Abstract Conceptual frameworks which seek to integrate social media uses into disaster management strategies are employed in a range of events. With continued variations to social media practices, developments in technology, and changes in online behaviors, it is imperative to provide conceptual frameworks which are relevant, current and insightful. This paper conceptualizes a range of recent literature through an inductive methodology, and presents the themes of Web accessibility and online information reliability as broad and emerging considerations for the identification of social media uses during disasters. It presents a new conceptual framework of current social media uses which may be used to supplement existing frameworks. The framework has been applied to a dataset of Tweets from the 2015 Nepal earthquake to demonstrate its validity. Suggestions for future applications are discussed.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Place of Publication Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Editor (up) A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3388 ISBN 978-84-608-7984-9 Medium
Track Social Media Studies Expedition Conference 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1400
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Author Briony Gray
Title Turning Words into Wisdom: A Framework for Using Post-Disaster Data for Community Resilience Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 356-365
Keywords Resilience, Recovery, Framework, Small Island Developing States, Social Capital.
Abstract Small island developing states (SIDs) face a range of underlying issues that increase their vulnerability and risk to disaster. This commonly results in a lack of available, reliable and actionable data for both island nations as well as their insular communities. Simultaneously, issues such as climate change make their riskscapes unique and challenging to mitigate, forcing the need to find methods of improving community resiliency. This paper uses qualitative interviews conducted in the post-disaster phase of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season to highlight the main issues experienced by communities. It then uses these, as well as literature guidance, to create a Lessons Learnt Framework (LLF) designed to challenge underlying assumptions, assess management efforts, discuss and record community experiences, and to feedback social capital into vulnerable communities to support future community resilience.
Address University of Southampton
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor (up) Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-34 ISBN 2411-3420 Medium
Track Data and Resilience: Opportunities and Challenges Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Bjg1g11@soton.ac.uk Approved no
Call Number Serial 2235
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Author Matti Wiegmann; Jens Kersten; Friederike Klan; Martin Potthast; Benno Stein
Title Analysis of Detection Models for Disaster-Related Tweets Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 872-880
Keywords Tweet Filtering; Crisis Management; Evaluation Framework
Abstract Social media is perceived as a rich resource for disaster management and relief efforts, but the high class imbalance between disaster-related and non-disaster-related messages challenges a reliable detection. We analyze and compare the effectiveness of three state-of-the-art machine learning models for detecting disaster-related tweets. In this regard we introduce the Disaster Tweet Corpus~2020, an extended compilation of existing resources, which comprises a total of 123,166 tweets from 46~disasters covering 9~disaster types. Our findings from a large experiments series include: detection models work equally well over a broad range of disaster types when being trained for the respective type, a domain transfer across disaster types leads to unacceptable performance drops, or, similarly, type-agnostic classification models behave more robust at a lower effectiveness level. Altogether, the average misclassification rate of~3,8\% on performance-optimized detection models indicates effective classification knowledge but comes at the price of insufficient generalizability.
Address Bauhaus-Universit\“at Weimar German Aerospace Center (DLR); German Aerospace Center (DLR); German Aerospace Center (DLR); Leipzig University; Bauhaus-Universit\”at Weimar
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor (up) Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-77 ISBN 2411-3463 Medium
Track Social Media for Disaster Response and Resilie Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes matti.wiegmann@uni-weimar.de Approved no
Call Number Serial 2278
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Author Frederick Benaben; Lysiane Benaben
Title Science Fiction: Past and Future Trends of Crisis Management Type Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2020
Volume Issue Pages 1130-1139
Keywords Information; Decision; Action; Future; Trends; Anticipation; Framework
Abstract This paper is a position paper, presenting an original but very anticipative and mainly imaginative vision of the evolution of the crisis management domain. After analyzing the options to make the past evolutions of that domain somehow explainable (mainly by analyzing the data of all the articles of the last fifteen editions of the ISCRAM conference), the paper aims at providing a framework to assess and evaluate the maturity of the domain of crisis management. Moreover, this framework is also used to tentatively infer some future evolutions and some directions that could be relevant, dangerous, tricky or of great benefit for the crisis management domain. These future trends are mainly based on the current maturity of crisis management (according to the proposed framework) and current or future influential practices, technologies or threats. It will be necessary to wait for fifteen years to see if these bets should be considered as accurate.
Address IMT Mines Albi; IMT Mines Albi
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor (up) Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-27-102 ISBN 2411-3488 Medium
Track Visions for Future Crisis Management Expedition Conference 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes frederick.benaben@mines-albi.fr Approved no
Call Number Serial 2303
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Author Antonio De Nicola; Maria Luisa Villani; Francesco Costantino; Andrea Falegnami; Riccardo Patriarca
Title Knowledge Fusion for Distributed Situational Awareness driven by the WAx Conceptual Framework Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 79-85
Keywords distributed situational awareness, knowledge fusion, WAx framework, crisis management, cyber-socio-technical systems
Abstract Large crisis scenarios involve several actors, acting at the blunt-end of the process, such as rescue team directors, and at the sharp-end, such as firefighters. All of them have different perspectives on the crisis situation, which could be either coherent, alternative or complementary. This heterogeneity of perceptions hinders situational awareness, which is defined as the achievement of an overall picture on the above-mentioned crisis situation. We define knowledge fusion as the process of integrating multiple knowledge entities to produce actionable knowledge, which is consistent, accurate, and useful for the purpose of the analysis. Hence, we present a conceptual modelling approach to gather and integrate knowledge related to large crisis scenarios from locally-distributed sources that can make it actionable. The approach builds on the WAx framework for cyber-socio-technical systems and aims at classifying and coping with the different knowledge entities generated by the involved operators. The conceptual outcomes of the approach are then discussed in terms of open research challenges for knowledge fusion in crisis scenarios.
Address ENEA; ENEA – CR Casaccia; Sapienza University of Rome; Sapienza University of Rome; Sapienza University of Rome
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor (up) Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track AI and Intelligent Systems for Crises and Risks Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes antonio.denicola@enea.it Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2315
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Author Stella Polikarpus; Tobias Ley; Katrin Poom-Valickis
Title Collaborative Authoring of Virtual Simulation Scenarios for Assessing Situational Awareness Type Conference Article
Year 2021 Publication ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal Iscram 2021
Volume Issue Pages 229-237
Keywords situational awareness (SA), virtual simulation, virtual simulation scenario, process model, Effective Command Behavioral Marker Framework
Abstract Situational awareness (SA), the ability to perceive, comprehend and predict situation around you and it is a key in attending any incident as critical foundation for successful decision-making. Because incidents are solitary events, development and assessment of SA presents a significant challenge. In this article we analyze the authoring process of twenty-two scenarios implemented in the XVR on-scene virtual simulation software used to assess rescue incident commanders' (ICs) SA. To allow the scenarios to be used by different assessors, the Collaborative Authoring Process Model for Virtual Simulation Scenarios (CAPM) was developed. In Estonia, 473 assessments were recorded in Effective Command database and analysed by all three levels of SA as recommended by Endsley (2000). Introduction of CAPM resulted in scenarios being re-used by different assessors for authentic SA measuring. In the last sections of this article, we introduce our suggestions to improve virtual scenario design and SA research.
Address Tallinn University; Tallinn University; Tallinn University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Virginia Tech Place of Publication Blacksburg, VA (USA) Editor (up) Anouck Adrot; Rob Grace; Kathleen Moore; Christopher W. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-1-949373-61-5 ISBN Medium
Track Command & Control Studies Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes stella.polikarpus@gmail.com Approved no
Call Number ISCRAM @ idladmin @ Serial 2328
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Author Adriaan ter Mors; Jeroen M. Valk; Cees Witteveen
Title An event-based task framework for disaster planning and decision support Type Conference Article
Year 2005 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2005 – 2nd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2005
Volume Issue Pages 151-153
Keywords Decision support systems; Disaster prevention; Disasters; Information systems; Decision supports; Disaster plan; Disaster planning; Emergency response; Events; Mathematical frameworks; Support systems; Task framework; Emergency services
Abstract Because of the apparent ineffectiveness of current disaster plans, we focus our research on modeling emergency response activities. If we can capture the crucial concepts of emergency response in a mathematical framework and apply this framework to construct disaster plans, then we pave the way for the development of automated decisions support systems for emergency response.
Address Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Brussels Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, B. Carle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9076971099 Medium
Track POSTER SESSION Expedition Conference 2nd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 787
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Author Yan, S.
Title Design of enterprise crisis predicting system based on cluster and outlier data mining Type Conference Article
Year 2005 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2005 – 2nd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2005
Volume Issue Pages 143-145
Keywords Forecasting; Industry; Information systems; Statistics; Cluster; Crisis predicting system; Frame construction; Working process; Data mining
Abstract In order to solve such problems as half-structured and non-structured data analysis in enterprise crisis predicting system, a predicting system based on cluster and outlier data mining is put forward. The system organization, frame construction, function and working principles are illustrated. And the working process is showed by an example of cheat predicting. The experimental results show that this method is efficient and it is a new way to solve such problems.
Address School of Economics and Management, Harbin Engineering University, 150001, China
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Brussels Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, B. Carle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9076971099 Medium
Track POSTER SESSION Expedition Conference 2nd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1117
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Author Hans Zimmermann
Title Recent developments in emergency telecommunications Type Conference Article
Year 2005 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2005 – 2nd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2005
Volume Issue Pages 327-334
Keywords Disasters; Information systems; Telecommunication; Analysis and evaluation; Early warning; Emergency; Emergency preparedness and response; Mitigation; Regulatory frameworks; Response; Telecommunication technologies; Emergency services
Abstract Recent Developments in the telecommunication technology offer a number of additional tools not only for the providers of emergency and disaster response, but may also facilitate early warning. Their application depends, however, on the regulatory framework governing telecommunications and on their appropriateness for the specific requirements in the pre-, peri- and postimpact phases of an event. Telecommunications are a key element for to the success of emergency preparedness and response, and the application of all available technologies and networks saves lives. The recent events in the Indian Ocean Region will have to be the subject of detailed analysis and evaluation of all existing mechanisms, hopefully leading to improvements in the organizational and operational field. First information available already in the immediate aftermath of the events of 26 December 2004 has been applied to the considerations in the present paper.
Address CEASA, IARU, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Brussels Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, B. Carle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9076971099 Medium
Track EMERGENCY ANNOUNCEMENT AND WARNING SYSTEMS Expedition Conference 2nd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1163
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Author Sukumar Dwarkanath; Michael Daconta
Title Emergency services enterprise framework: A service-oriented approach Type Conference Article
Year 2006 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2006
Volume Issue Pages 298-304
Keywords Information analysis; Information systems; All-hazards; Emergency response; Enterprise framework; Information sharing; Key elements; Service-oriented approaches; Service-oriented enterprise; Strategic goals; Emergency services
Abstract The current Emergency Services landscape is characterized by a number of systems and networks that are isolated in nature, thus making information sharing impractical, if not impossible. Such an environment does not promote ease of information sharing, and each incident highlights the need for efficient collaboration and coordination, and the need for a holistic internetwork-a series of virtual interconnected networks-approach. In other words, it requires an overall framework that looks at safety as an overall enterprise, (albeit one with thousands of independent agency owners), with the strategic goal to facilitate greater collaboration and effectiveness of operations, and to ensure a streamlined and efficient prevention of, response to, and recovery from all-hazards. 1 Adopting a Service-Oriented enterprise approach is extremely useful and has number of advantages in such an environment. This paper defines a framework-in the context of an enterprise-an envisioned Emergency Services Enterprise Framework, and identifies the key elements of this framework.
Address COMCARE, Australia
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Newark, NJ Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9090206019; 9789090206011 Medium
Track HUMAN FACTORS IN MULTI-AGENCY CRISIS MANAGEMENT Expedition Conference 3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 462
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Author Jeremy Hutchings
Title Developing performance measures as part of an integrated approach to conservation management of cultural heritage assets Type Conference Article
Year 2006 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2006
Volume Issue Pages 362-375
Keywords Information systems; Conservation management; Cultural heritages; Delphi surveys; Levels of protections; Management frameworks; Performance indicators; Soft systems; Systematic methodology; Historic preservation
Abstract For sustainable care of cultural heritage it is essential to set accurate goals. However, the difficulty involved in establishing what is accurate in any given circumstance is often highly underestimated. Unbalanced decision making based on partial consideration of the situation surrounding a cultural heritage asset can at best result in inefficient use of resources and at worst will lead to its rapid loss. But the balance of risk against benefit is not straightforward, the impact of certain activities are far easier to quantify than others. Consequently, the adoption of a well balanced approach that considers all activities equally within the same framework is the key to providing appropriate and sustainable levels of protection. The development of an appropriate and systematic methodology offers a resolution to this problem. The outcome will be a suite of performance indicators assigned to each activity within a multivariate management framework. This paper describes the development and validation of such a methodology and the current status of the author's research.
Address Oslo University, Norway
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Newark, NJ Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9090206019; 9789090206011 Medium
Track RESEARCH METHODS IN CRISIS DECISION MAKING Expedition Conference 3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 607
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Author Peter Otto; Salvatore Belardo
Title A theoretical evaluation of information processing resources during organizational crisis Type Conference Article
Year 2006 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2006
Volume Issue Pages 262-271
Keywords Computer simulation; Information systems; Stresses; Crisis; Crisis management; Double-loop learning; Organizational learning; Single-loop learning; Theoretical evaluation; Theoretical framework; Yerkes-dodson laws; Computer aided instruction
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present a model for testing different organizational learning characteristics and their effects on performance rate in times of an unexpected temporary increase in workload. Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of Yerkes-Dodson law, the stress-buffering effect of coping resources, and established crisis management models, the authors examine the hypotheses of curvilinear and interactional influence of single and double-loop learning on stress levels during crises. Using a simulation model, we identify thresholds in single and double-loop learning environments, where increases in workload lead to dysfunctional effects of stress. The findings indicate support for the hypothesis that an organization that employs double-loop learning is less susceptible to negative stress in times of a crisis. Overall, the study highlights the characteristics of different learning types and its effects on stress. It is suggested that experiments with a simulation model lead to a better understanding of how information processing resources that people have access to in stress events, buffers or protects them from negative effects.
Address Management Information Systems, School of Business, Dowling College, NY, United States; Management Science and Information Systems, School of Business, University at Albany, Albany, NY, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Newark, NJ Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9090206019; 9789090206011 Medium
Track SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODELING FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Expedition Conference 3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 822
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Author Martin Smits; Bartel A. Van De Walle
Title A framework to evaluate how management games improve knowledge management effectiveness Type Conference Article
Year 2006 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2006
Volume Issue Pages 605-614
Keywords Industrial management; Information systems; Societies and institutions; KM effectiveness; Knowledge-intensive organizations; Management effectiveness; Management games; Organizational goals; Strategic resource; Sustainable competitive advantages; Theoretical framework; Knowledge management
Abstract Knowledge-intensive organizations realize that 'knowledge' is a strategic resource that gives them sustainable competitive advantage and helps them achieve long-term organizational goals. These organizations use knowledge management (KM) to encourage the creation and sharing of knowledge resulting in improvements in productivity, innovation, competitiveness, and relationships among people. This paper investigates what role management games play in knowledge-intensive organizations and how they can be used to improve KM effectiveness. We present a theoretical framework that allows answering the following question: 'How can management games be used to improve the effectiveness of KM in knowledge-intensive organizations'.
Address Tilburg University, Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium Place of Publication Newark, NJ Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9090206019; 9789090206011 Medium
Track EXPLORING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN CRISIS RESPONSE Expedition Conference 3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 963
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Author Zeno Franco; Nina Zumel; Larry E. Beutler
Title A ghost in the system: Integrating conceptual and methodology considerations from the behavioral sciences into disaster technology research Type Conference Article
Year 2007 Publication Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2007
Volume Issue Pages 115-124
Keywords Disaster prevention; Information science; Network security; Social sciences; Civil security; Comparative methods; Conceptual frameworks; Disaster management; Disaster technologies; Federal governments; Performance assessment; Scientific inquiry; Disasters
Abstract As the complexity of disasters increases, a transdisciplinary conceptual framework designed to address three key variables-technology, disaster severity, and human characteristics-must be developed and elaborated. Current research at the nexus of disaster management and information science typically addresses one or two of these factors, but rarely accounts for all three adequately-thus rendering formal inquiry open to a variety of threats to validity. Within this tripartite model, several theories of human behavior in disaster are explored using the response of the Federal Government and the general public during Hurricane Katrina as an illustrative background. Lessons learned from practice-based scientific inquiry in the social sciences are discussed to address concerns revolving around measurement and statistical power in disaster studies. Finally, theory building within the transdisciplinary arena of disaster management and information science is encouraged as a way to improve the quality of future research.
Address Pacific Graduate School of Psychology, United States; Quimba Software, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Delft Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789054874171; 9789090218717 Medium
Track METH Expedition Conference 4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 505
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Author Muhammad Tauhidur Rahman; Tarek Rashed
Title Towards a geospatial approach to post-disaster environmental impact assessment Type Conference Article
Year 2007 Publication Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2007
Volume Issue Pages 219-226
Keywords Damage detection; Disasters; Environmental impact assessments; Geographic information systems; Remote sensing; Analytical approach; Built-in components; Conceptual frameworks; Disaster mitigation; Impact assessments; Rapid environmental impact assessment (REA); Severity index; Statistical decomposition; Environmental impact
Abstract Natural disasters often leave profound impacts on the environment. Existing disaster impact assessment methods fall short in facilitating the relief work and in conducting cross-sectional comparison of various facets of such impacts. The development of a standardized index for measuring/monitoring the environmental impacts of disasters is necessary to address this gap. This paper proposes a conceptual framework to study the environmental impacts via remote sensing/GIS based geospatial analytical approach by developing a post-disaster environmental severity index. It considers physical, social and built-in components of the environment and identifies several key indicators of disaster impacts. Through statistical decomposition of a large number of environmental impact indicators, the study proposes a composite post-disaster environmental severity index (PDESI). Mapping of the proposed index would help identification of areas and component of the environment that are severely affected by a disaster, and formulation of disaster mitigation and damage recovery plans accordingly.
Address University of Oklahoma, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Delft Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789054874171; 9789090218717 Medium
Track REAS Expedition Conference 4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 865
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Author Gerhard Wickler; Austin Tate; Stephen Potter
Title Integrating discrete event and process-level simulation for flexible training in the I-X framework Type Conference Article
Year 2007 Publication Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2007
Volume Issue Pages 355-359
Keywords Discrete event simulation; Information systems; Personnel training; Activity modeling; Agent Framework; Discrete-event simulators; Emergency response; Flexible trainings; Fully integrated; HTN planning; Training scenario; Emergency services
Abstract The aim of this paper is to describe I-Sim, a simulation tool that is a fully integrated part of the underlying agent framework, I-X. I-Sim controls a discrete event simulator, based on the same activity model that is shared between all I-X components, and multiple process-level simulators that model the continuous change caused by actions that are considered as primitives by the rest of the system. The primary purpose of this tool is to support instructors during exercises that are used for training in emergency response. The main advantage the I-Sim tool gives the instructors is flexibility, allowing them to orchestrate and modify existing training scenarios on the fly, adapting them to trainees' needs as required.
Address AIAI, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Delft Editor (up) B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9789054874171; 9789090218717 Medium
Track ASCM Expedition Conference 4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1086
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Author Peter H. Berghmans; Gerd Van Den Eede; Bartel A. Van De Walle
Title A systems perspective on security risk identification: Methodology and illustrations from city councils Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 266-275
Keywords Information systems; City council; IS security; Methodological frameworks; Methodology; Risk Identification; Security risks; Systems thinking; System theory
Abstract In this paper we take a system theoretic perspective to the process of security risk identification in the context of city councils. Based on this approach, we construct a framework that helps to identify risks. We analyze why this methodological framework is suitable for the risk identification process. Research in fifty Flemish city councils reveals the usefulness of our approach of combining a perceived vs. objective perspective with a technical vs. organizational one. We believe such a framework offers a workable tool for dealing with IS security risks in a systems thinking way.
Address Memori-KHMechelen, Belgium; University College Brussels, Belgium; Tilburg University, Netherlands
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor (up) F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Trust in Emergency Planning and Response Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 310
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Author Paola Di Maio
Title Ontologies for networked centric emergency mangement operations Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 177-188
Keywords Civil defense; Disasters; Network architecture; Ontology; Risk management; Semantics; Collective intelligences; Conceptual frameworks; Distributed operations; Emergency; Emergency management; Emergency operations; Network centric operations; Organizational structures; Information systems
Abstract Emergency Management, like other fields of Operations, consists of information, communication and decision making. Thanks to the pervasiveness of real time networked infrastructures, such as the internet and the web, new models of operations are emerging, designed to leverage the aggregate the power of 'collective intelligence' and 'distributed action' facilitated by 'open world' systems environments. In order to develop effective information systems capable of supporting the distributed nature of emerging 'architectures of participation', it is necessary to devise adequate 'semantic structures', which in turn rely on sound and explicit conceptual frameworks, such as ontologies. However, there aren't enough 'ontologies' in the public domain that can be referenced to establish compatibility of architectures and serve as guidelines for the development of open, neutral and accountable information systems. In this paper we a) describe and analyse the 'distributed' and 'networked' nature of emergency operations b) put forward the notion information systems to support of emergency management today should be modeled on 'distributed' and networked organizational structures, and that ontologies in this domain should be built accordingly.
Address School of Information Technology, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor (up) F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Ontologies for Crisis Management Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 445
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Author Jerome A. Duval
Title WebEOC Resource Manager® a collaborative framework: Developing standard Resource Management processes for disaster relief Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 127
Keywords Disaster prevention; Information systems; Collaborative framework; Disaster relief; National incident management systems; Real-time data; Resource management process; Resource managers; Managers
Abstract I will demonstrate ESi's WebEOC Resource Manager® tool, which enables users to catalog and deploy resources in a manner that is compliant with FEMA's National Incident Management System (NIMS). The system is a proven and tested deployed in over 25 states throughout the U.S. The tool provides real-time data sharing in a collaborative and fast-paced environment.
Address Emergency Services Integrators (ESi), United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor (up) F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Communication Systems and Technologies for Crisis and Disaster Responses Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 461
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Author Mauro Falasca; Christopher W. Zobel; Deborah Cook
Title A decision support framework to assess supply chain resilience Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 596-605
Keywords Artificial intelligence; Decision support systems; Disasters; Information systems; Inventory control; Decision framework; Decision support framework; Quantitative approach; Resilience; Simulation; Supply chain design; Supply chain resiliences; Supply chain systems; Supply chains
Abstract Our research is aimed at developing a quantitative approach for assessing supply chain resilience to disasters, a topic that has been discussed primarily in a qualitative manner in the literature. For this purpose, we propose a simulation-based framework that incorporates concepts of resilience into the process of supply chain design. In this context, resilience is defined as the ability of a supply chain system to reduce the probabilities of disruptions, to reduce the consequences of those disruptions, and to reduce the time to recover normal performance. The decision framework incorporates three determinants of supply chain resilience (density, complexity, and node criticality) and discusses their relationship to the occurrence of disruptions, to the impacts of those disruptions on the performance of a supply chain system and to the time needed for recovery. Different preliminary strategies for evaluating supply chain resilience to disasters are identified, and directions for future research are discussed.
Address Dept. of Business Information Technology, R.B. Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor (up) F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Impact of Disasters on Industry and Economic Effects Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 481
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Author Cindy Hui; Mark Goldberg; Malik Magdon-Ismail; William A. Wallace
Title Micro-simulation of diffusion of warnings Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 424-430
Keywords Information systems; Models; Social networking (online); Axiomatic framework; Diffusion process; Model parameters; Network structures; Simulation; Social network structures; Warning messages; Warnings; Diffusion
Abstract This paper presents a unique view of modeling the diffusion of warnings in social networks where the network structure may change over time. Since the characteristics and actions of people in a community have significant influence on the flow of information through a network, we present an axiomatic framework for modeling the diffusion process through the concept of trust. This ongoing work provides a micro level view of the behavior of individuals and groups in a community. Preliminary experiments were made to explore how model parameters such as trust and the social network structure affect warning message belief and evacuation.
Address Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor (up) F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Early Warning Systems Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 606
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Author Ola Leifler
Title Combining technical and human-centered strategies for decision support in command and control: The ComPlan approach Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 504-515
Keywords Cognitive systems; Decision support systems; Knowledge based systems; Collaborative command and control; Command and control; Conceptual frameworks; Constraint violation; Critiquing; Decision supports; Mixed-initiative planning; Technical research; Command and control systems
Abstract ComPlan (A Combined, Collaborative Command and Control Planning tool) is an approach to providing knowledge-based decision support in the context of command and control. It combines technical research on automated planning tools with human-centered research on mission planning. At its core, ComPlan uses interconnected views of a planning situation to present and manipulate aspects of a scenario. By using domain knowledge flexibly, it presents immediate and directly visible feedback on constraint violations of a plan, facilitates mental simulation of events, and provides support for synchronization of concurrently working mission planners. The conceptual framework of ComPlan is grounded on three main principles from human-centered research on command and control: transparency, graceful regulation, and event-based feedback. As a result, ComPlan provides a model for applying a human-centered perspective on plan authoring tools for command and control, and a demonstration for how to apply that model in an integrated plan-authoring environment.
Address Linköpings Universitet, Sweden
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor (up) F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Intelligent Systems for Crisis and Disaster Management Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 684
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Author Peter L. O'Dell
Title Communities of trust Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 265
Keywords Information systems; Security of data; Communications systems; Dissemination controls; Fundamental concepts; Information assurance; Information control; Information sharing systems; Operational continuity; Trust frameworks; Authentication
Abstract Effective response to emergency, security and operational continuity events generally requires cooperation across political, physical and technical boundaries. It's necessary, therefore, to use a communications system that enables people in heterogeneous organization to communicate effectively. Since 2002, Swan Island Networks has been developing an Internet-based information sharing system that links responsible people with the information necessary to make better decisions, and to each other. The system allows people to form “Communities of Trust”, in which all community members are known and authenticated. Each community is formed by a responsible Champion, who determines who can participate and what information will be shared within the community. In order for people to be willing to share, and to accept the information they receive as genuine, the community must operate in an environment of trust. This presentation outlines the fundamental concepts, methodologies and features for access and information control that create a trusted environment, particularly Authorization, Authentication and Audit (AAA). In the system discussed, AAA elements function together to create a comprehensive trust framework, and provide a contextually appropriate level of information assurance, data protection and dissemination control.
Address Swan Island Networks, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor (up) F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Trust in Emergency Planning and Response Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 812
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Author Douglas C. Pattie; Stefanie Dannenmann
Title Evaluation and strengthening of early warning systems in countries affected by the 26 December 2004 Tsunami Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 415-423
Keywords Hazards; Information systems; Risk management; Tsunamis; Disaster risk reductions; Early Warning System; Indian ocean regions; Integrated frameworks; Integrated risk management; Preparedness; Project coordination; Tsunami early-warning systems; Alarm systems
Abstract The objective of this international initiative was to provide an integrated framework for strengthening early warning systems in the Indian Ocean region by building on existing systems and facilitating coordination among specialized and technical institutions. The project supported the development of tsunami early warning systems in collaboration with numerous United Nations and other organizations devoted to disaster risk management and risk reduction. For the practitioner of early warning systems, the project has been divided into two areas-warning system development and preparedness. As a cross-cutting theme, the project promoted multi-hazard end-to-end systems in a regional context by emphasizing (i) risk knowledge, (ii) monitoring and warning service, (iii) communications and dissemination of understandable warnings and (iv) response capability and preparedness. The activities of the project were structured into five components-system implementation, integrated risk management, public awareness and education, community-level approaches and project coordination. Practitioners should note that the work represents a first step for establishing a complete tsunami early warning system within a multi-hazard framework.
Address UN/ISDR Platform for Promotion of Early Warning, UN Campus, Herman-Ehlers Strasse 10, Bonn, Germany
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor (up) F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Early Warning Systems Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 832
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Author Toshihisa Toyoda
Title Economic impacts of Kobe Earthquake: A quantitative evaluation after 13 years Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2008
Volume Issue Pages 606-617
Keywords Civil aviation; Disaster prevention; Disasters; Earthquakes; Information systems; Manufacture; Commercial sector; Conceptual frameworks; Disaster management; Economic impacts; Gross regional products; Manufacturing sector; Quantitative evaluation; Services sectors; Economic and social effects
Abstract The importance of distinguishing between direct and indirect losses of disasters is stressed. In order to estimate indirect losses, a conceptual framework of direct and indirect losses is presented. For the case of the Great Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe) Earthquake of 1995, direct stock losses of both the manufacturing and the commercial sectors record almost same size of big damage. As for indirect flow losses, the commercial and the other services sectors show far greater damage than the manufacturing sector. A careful statistical analysis of indirect losses using the gross regional product in the stricken area presents a new finding that the lost product and income in terms of estimated indirect losses are quite large and continue to arise for longer than 10 years, mounting to some 14 trillion yen (about US$0.13 trillion). Disaster management policy should be improved by paying attention not only to direct losses but also to indirect losses.
Address Hiroshima Shudo University, Japan
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Washington, DC Editor (up) F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN 9780615206974 Medium
Track Impact of Disasters on Industry and Economic Effects Expedition Conference 5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1014
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