Records |
Author |
Johan Jenvald; Michael Morin; Toomas Timpka; Henrik Eriksson |
Title |
Simulation as decision support in pandemic influenza preparedness and response |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2007 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
295-304 |
Keywords |
Decision making; International cooperation; Models; Population statistics; Decision supports; Local community; Pandemic influenza; Preparedness; Response; Simulation; Workflow; Decision support systems |
Abstract |
Outbreak of a destructive pandemic influenza threatens to disrupt societies worldwide. International agencies and national governments have prepared plans and recommendations, but it is often decision-makers with the local authorities that are responsible for implementing the response. A central issue for these decision makers is what interventions are available and effective for the specific local community. The paper presents a simulator architecture and its relation to a workflow for decision support in influenza preparedness and response. The simulator can simulate pandemic scenarios, using localized community models, in the presence of various interventions to support an evaluation of potential response strategies. The architecture includes a customized modeling tool, separated from the simulation engine, which facilitates swift scenario modification and recalculation. This flexibility is essential both to explore alternative solutions in planning, and to adapt to changing requirements, information, and resources in outbreak response. An example simulation, based on actual population data from a reference city, illustrates the approach. |
Address |
VSL Research Labs, Linköping, Sweden; Dept. of Social Medicine and Public Health, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Dept. of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Delft |
Editor |
B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789054874171; 9789090218717 |
Medium |
|
Track |
ASCM |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
628 |
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Author |
Sigmund Kluckner; Katrin Ellice Heintze; Willi Wendt |
Title |
Designing for the user: Tailoring a simulation software interface to the needs of crisis managers |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2014 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
528-532 |
Keywords |
Computer software; Graphical user interfaces; Information systems; Management information systems; Crisis management; Crisis management systems; Graphical user interfaces (GUI); Simulation; Simulation software; User centered designs; Warning; Working environment; Design |
Abstract |
This paper presents the development and evaluation for a graphical user interface (GUI) of a simulation tool in crisis management, which follows a User-Centered Design (UCD) approach. UCD places the focus of the development on the needs, abilities and the background of end users, by passing iteratively through four development phases: (1) the analysis of the end users' personal background and work context; (2) the specification of requirements; (3) the design of the system; and (4) the final evaluation of the design with end users. This approach is particularly suited for crisis management systems, since their efficient usage has profound impacts on the execution of crisis response actions, and in turn on the well-being of citizens. Our work gives valuable insights into the characteristics and the working environment of crisis management practitioners. Furthermore, it sheds light on the design issues which should be taken into account when developing GUIs in crisis management. |
Address |
AIT – Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria; University of Stuttgart IAT, Germany |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
The Pennsylvania State University |
Place of Publication |
University Park, PA |
Editor |
S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih. |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780692211946 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Practitioner Cases and Practitioner-Centered Research |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
657 |
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Author |
Leire Labaka; Josune Hernantes; Ana Laugé; Jose Mari Sarriegi |
Title |
Three units of analysis for Crisis Management and Critical Infrastructure Protection |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
Keywords |
Information systems; Crisis management; Crisis peak; Critical infrastructure protection; Model and simulation; Multicrises scenario; System Dynamics; Computer simulation |
Abstract |
Society's welfare is very dependent on the effective performance of Critical Infrastructure (CI). Nowadays, CI constitutes a network of interconnected and interdependent entities. This means that a serious event in one CI can originate cascading events in the rest, leading to a serious crisis. As a consequence, Crisis Management (CM) and Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) should converge and integrate their findings, providing a more unified approach. One relevant issue when developing integrated CM/CIP research is what type of unit of analysis should be used, as it conditions the research objectives and questions. This paper presents an analysis of three different units of analysis used in CM research, focusing on the research objectives and questions used in them. These three different units of analysis have been used in a European CIP research project where three simulation models have been developed based on these three units of analysis. |
Address |
University of Navarra, Sweden |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Advanced Research Methods and Unconventional Results |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
669 |
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Author |
Daniel E. Lane; Tracey L. O'Sullivan; Craig E. Kuziemsky; Fikret Berkes; Anthony Charles |
Title |
A structured equation model of collaborative community response |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2013 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
906-911 |
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Decision theory; Information systems; Mathematical models; Risk analysis; Adaptation; C-change; Community collaboration; Community engagement; Emergency response; EnRiCH; Preparedness; Simulation; Structured equation modeling; Emergency services |
Abstract |
This paper analyses the collaborative dynamic of community in response to urgent situations. Community emergencies arising from natural or man-induced threats are considered as exogenous events that stimulate community resources to be unified around the response, action, and recovery activities related to the emergency. A structured equation model is derived to depict the actions of the community system. The system is described in terms of its resources including the propensity to trigger community action and collaboration among diverse groups. The community is profiled with respect to its ability to respond. The system defines the trigger mechanisms that are considered to be the drivers of collaborative action. A simulation model is presented to enact the system emergencies, community profiles, and collaborative response. The results develop an improved understanding of conditions that engage community collaborative actions as illustrated by examples from community research in the EnRiCH and the C-Change community research projects. |
Address |
Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Canada; Interdisciplinary Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada; Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Finance and Management Science, Saint Mary's University, Canada |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie |
Place of Publication |
KIT; Baden-Baden |
Editor |
T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9783923704804 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Social Media |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
677 |
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Author |
Vitaveska Lanfranchi; Suvodeep Mazumdar; Fabio Ciravegna |
Title |
Evaluating the real usability of a C2 system – Short and controlled vs long and real |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2013 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
62-66 |
Keywords |
Command and control systems; Information systems; Critical systems; Emergency response; Long-term usability; Realistic evaluations; Short-term simulation; Usability evaluation; Usability measurements; User experience; Usability engineering |
Abstract |
Command and Control systems (C2) need to be highly usable to efficiently support communication during crisis situations. Short-term usability evaluations are typically carried out because of the cost and time advantage. However, even the most realistic evaluations (simulations) do not reflect the real issues encountered “in the wild”, such as the operators' stress or the multiple foci of attention. In this paper we carry out an experiment to measure the changes in usability of a C2 system between a short-term simulation and a long-term “in the wild” evaluation. We demonstrate that short-term usability measurements can differ significantly from long-term “in the wild” ones. Our results indicate that a different approach to usability assessment is needed when dealing with critical systems, that takes into account the temporal horizon and assesses the system in real-life conditions. |
Address |
OAK Group, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie |
Place of Publication |
KIT; Baden-Baden |
Editor |
T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9783923704804 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Coordination and Collaboration |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
679 |
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Author |
Matthias Lendholt; Martin Hammitzsch; Peter Löwe |
Title |
Harmonization of data formats for tsunami simulation products |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2013 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
365-369 |
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Electronic data interchange; Information systems; Interoperability; Cost-effective approach; Data format; Information visualization; Open Standards; Proprietary technologies; Spatial informations; Tsunami early-warning systems; Tsunami simulation; Tsunamis |
Abstract |
The development of sustainable tsunami early warning systems (TEWS) requires the adoption of proven standards for components on all system levels. This is crucial to ensure the successful operation of the overall system in the long term. Currently, components, data formats and models used to build an individual TEWS come from independent development efforts, using non-standardized proprietary interfaces. Integrating these components into a TEWS requires additional work effort due to the proprietary technologies and formats. This article discusses alternative cost-effective approaches. The successful integration of the TEWS system components depends critically on the adoption and application of industry standards and good practices. From this perspective, this article examines the role of tsunami simulation models, and the challenge to integrate the data products generated from independent tsunami models for a TEWS. The significance of tsunami simulation products, consisting of data and metadata, for the overall early warning workflow is described, including data exchange (among multiple TEWS) and information visualization in combination with additional spatial information. As an outcome, the use of standardized data formats for simulation products is recommended for future work. This approach is demonstrated on a simulation of the March 2011 Tohoku-Oki mega thrust earthquake. |
Address |
German Research Centre for Geosciences, Germany |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie |
Place of Publication |
KIT; Baden-Baden |
Editor |
T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9783923704804 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Emergency Management Information Systems |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
687 |
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Author |
Aamir Mahmood; Konstantinos Koufos; Krisztina Cziner |
Title |
Multicast voice performance within a public safety cell |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2008 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
18-24 |
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Equipment testing; Information systems; Reliability analysis; Voice/data communication systems; Distributed Coordination Function; Emergency scenario; Initial deployments; Mobility model; Public safety communications; Simulation studies; Statistical properties; Voice over Internet protocol; Multicasting |
Abstract |
In public safety communications the first responders are getting directions about the tactical action plan with multicast voice whereas they can report back to the dispatcher with unicast voice. In this paper, the aim is to find the maximum number of voice calls for situation reporting in the presence of multicast voice for tactical coordination. In order to increase the reliability of our analysis we verify our simulator against a test bed prototype consisting of three 802.11 terminals. The simulation study is applied within a mobile cell. The proposed mobility model applies for initial deployment in emergency scenarios. We investigate the statistical properties of the model by simulations. |
Address |
Teknillinen Korkeakoulu, TKK, Finland |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Washington, DC |
Editor |
F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780615206974 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Communication Systems and Technologies for Crisis and Disaster Response |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
735 |
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Author |
Maurizio Marchese; Lorenzino Vaccari; Gaia Trecarichi; Nardine Osman; Fiona McNeill |
Title |
Interaction models to support peer coordination in crisis management |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2008 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
230-241 |
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Human resource management; Information systems; Peer to peer networks; Risk management; Crisis management; Emergencies simulation; Interaction model; Knowledge-sharing; P2P network; Process coordination; Information management |
Abstract |
All phases of emergency management activities – that we will reference hereafter as eResponse activities – depend on data from a variety of sources and involve a range of different organizations and teams at various administrative levels with their own systems and services. The existence of numerous and different actors, policies, procedures, data standards and systems results in coordination problems with respect to data analysis, information delivery and resource management.. In this paper we present a novel approach based on interaction models distributed through a peer to peer infrastructure and we show how it can be applied in the context of crisis management to support coalition formation and process coordination in open environments. In particular, a prototype eResponse simulation system – built on a P2P infrastructure – has been developed to execute interaction models describing common coordination tasks in emergency response domain. Preliminary evaluation of the proposed framework demonstrates its capability to support such eResponse tasks. |
Address |
University of Trento, Italy; University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Washington, DC |
Editor |
F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780615206974 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Process- and Geo-aware Systems for Crisis Management |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
742 |
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Author |
Jennifer Mathieu; Mark Pfaff; Gary L. Klein; Jill L. Drury; Michael Geodecke; John James; Paula Mahoney; Georgiy Bobashev |
Title |
Tactical robust decision-making methodology: Effect of disease spread model fidelity on option awareness |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2010 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Information systems; Agent-based model; Computational time; Courses of action; Equation models; Information technology systems; Integration requirements; Model and simulation; Operational environments; Decision making |
Abstract |
We demonstrate a method of validating the utility of simpler, more agile models for supporting tactical robust decision making. The key is a focus on the decision space rather than the situation space in decision making under deep uncertainty. Whereas the situation space is characterized by facts about the operational environment, the decision space is characterized by a comparison of the options for action. To visualize the range of options available, we can use computer models to generate the distribution of plausible consequences for each decision option. If we can avoid needless detail in these models, we can save computational time and enable more tactical decision-making, which will in turn contribute to more efficient Information Technology systems. We show how simpler low fidelity, low precision models can be proved to be sufficient to support the decision maker. This is a pioneering application of exploratory modeling to address the human-computer integration requirements of tactical robust decision making. |
Address |
MITRE Corporation, United States; Indiana University, Indianapolis, United States; RTI International, United States |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Track |
Planning, Foresight and/or Risk Analysis |
Expedition |
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Conference |
7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
747 |
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Author |
Matthias Max; Sigmund Kluckner; Susann Jentzsch |
Title |
Trainings for crisis information systems in civil protection: A German perspective |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings – 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2014 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
518-527 |
Keywords |
Artificial intelligence; Computer simulation; Decision support systems; Personnel training; Research and development management; Civil protection; Command and control centers; Crisis management; Personal experience; Qualitative study; Simulation; Streamline operations; Technical development; Human resource management |
Abstract |
Much research and technical development has been conducted to make crisis management more efficient, especially regarding crisis information systems used to streamline operations of authorities during a crisis. Experts from the German Red Cross mention that there is a need for the development and improvement of specific training methods and structures for such new crisis information systems in command and control centers. They also say that computer simulations could be a practical possibility to train crisis management and response staff. To substantiate this information, interviews were conducted with key officials in the field of German civil protection: command and control center staff, command and control center software trainers and crisis information system managers. This paper presents a qualitative study in the field of training German response personnel in crisis management information systems. The results are presented in three sections: suitable training strategies and structures, challenges and best practices for the implementation of trainings and using simulation as a training method for crisis information systems. The results contain personal experiences, opinions and known best-practices of the interview partners. |
Address |
German Red Cross, Austria; AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Austria |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
The Pennsylvania State University |
Place of Publication |
University Park, PA |
Editor |
S.R. Hiltz, M.S. Pfaff, L. Plotnick, and P.C. Shih. |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780692211946 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Practitioner Cases and Practitioner-Centered Research |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
11th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
748 |
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Author |
Matthias Max; Johannes Sautter |
Title |
Analysis of a German first responder exercise: Requirements for exercise-support and simulation |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2013 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
923-924 |
Keywords |
Hardware; Personnel training; Complex workflows; Emergency situation; Exercise; First responders; Interactive system; Mass casualty incidents; Pre-triage; Simulation; Information systems |
Abstract |
The work of first responders is marked by unpredictable situations, quick decisions and peak performance. Gathering all important information related to an emergency situation forms the basis for a meaningful and purposeful planning and action. For example during an accident scene the execution of complex individual orders is crucial. The many rescue facilities, rescue vehicles, and first responders needed lead to complex workflows. Real-life exercises are necessary to train controllers and first responders in handling these special situations, but are difficult and costly to organize. This paper gives a short overview of such an exercise and draws a rough practitioner-based vision of a potential simulation-based interactive system that could support exercise leaders and decision makers towards an effective utilization of real-life exercise data. |
Address |
German Red Cross MaxM drk.de, Germany; Fraunhofer IAO, Germany |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie |
Place of Publication |
KIT; Baden-Baden |
Editor |
T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9783923704804 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Practitioners Track |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
749 |
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Author |
John B. McCabe; Usha Satish; William Grant |
Title |
Training to defend: A multifaceted approach to all hazards preparedness and planning for terrorism |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2005 – 2nd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2005 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
191-194 |
Keywords |
Hazards; Hospitals; Information systems; Management science; Personnel training; Emergency departments; Emergency preparedness; Health care providers; Multi-faceted approach; Patient simulations; Preparedness; Simulation; Strategic management; Terrorism |
Abstract |
In most nations, continued concern exists regarding the potential for acts of terrorism. Healthcare providers, specifically those in Emergency Medicine, will find themselves in the forefront of responding to such events. Training for Emergency Preparedness for all potential hazards is critical. Many approaches to training in individual for All Hazard Preparedness exist. The authors describe a multifaceted approach to training for All Hazards Preparedness and planning for terrorism. The approach includes classroom exercises designed specifically at understanding hazardous material threats, high fidelity patient simulation, strategic management simulation, and simulated care exercises in a non-hospital based emergency department facility. The authors believe that this multifaceted training will provide the broadest most potentially useful training and evaluation for emergency providers to ensure optimal response in times of any and all future terrorist attacks. |
Address |
Department of Emergency Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium |
Place of Publication |
Brussels |
Editor |
B. Van de Walle, B. Carle |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9076971099 |
Medium |
|
Track |
TRAINING AND GAMING SYSTEMS |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
2nd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
753 |
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Author |
John M. McGuirl; Nadine B. Sarter; David D. Woods |
Title |
Seeing is believing?: The effects of real-time, image-based feedback on emergency management decision-making |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2008 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
406-414 |
Keywords |
Civil defense; Decision making; Disasters; Information systems; Risk management; Attention narrowing; Emergency management; Hypothesis generation; Miscalibration; Operational procedures; Simulation exercise; Situation assessment; Undesirable effects; Human resource management |
Abstract |
Emergency management personnel often face feedback delays and a lack of reliable information. To address this problem, new information technologies have been developed that can provide real-time, image-based feedback. While potentially useful, this trend represents a fundamental shift in both the timing and format of the information used by incident commanders (ICs). Eight ICs took part in a simulation exercise to determine the potential impact of real-time imaging on their decision-making. Nearly all of the ICs failed to detect important changes in the situation that were not captured in the imaging but that were available via other, more traditional data sources. It appears that the ICs placed an inappropriately high level of trust in the imaging data, resulting in reduced data search activities and hypothesis generation. This research helps practitioners anticipate and guard against undesirable effects of introducing similar technologies on training and operational procedures. |
Address |
Institute for Ergonomics, Ohio State University, United States; Center for Ergonomics, University of Michigan, United States |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Washington, DC |
Editor |
F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780615206974 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Observation Systems in Crisis Situations |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
757 |
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Author |
David Mendonça; Yao Hu; Qing Gu |
Title |
Cognitive-level support for improvisation in emergency response |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2007 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
489-496 |
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Decision support systems; Cognitive model; Computational model; Computer-based support; Decision supports; Emergency response; Improvisation; Simulation platform; Training exercise; Emergency services |
Abstract |
Improvisation-serial and purposeful creativity, exercised under time constraint-is an intensely cognitive endeavor. Accordingly, supporting improvisation requires an understanding of the underlying cognitive processes and an identification of opportunities for support. This paper reports on the development of cognitively-grounded computer-based support for improvisation in a simulated emergency response situation. The application is a computational model which attends to traces of group decision processes, analyzes them, and attempts to achieve fit between its own intentions and those of the group. The current architecture and functioning of the model are discussed, along with an overview of the simulation platform. Current and future workin the areas of model validation and evaluation is described. The results of this work strongly suggest that model-based support for improvisation is possible, but that for the time being will be restricted to synthetic situations, of the kind often used in training exercises. |
Address |
New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Delft |
Editor |
B. Van de Walle, P. Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789054874171; 9789090218717 |
Medium |
|
Track |
IMPR |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
765 |
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Author |
Jürgen Moßgraber; Fernando Chaves; Stuart E. Middleton; Zlatko Zlatev; Ran Tao |
Title |
The seven main challenges of an early warning system architecture |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2013 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
322-331 |
Keywords |
Decision support systems; Information systems; Middleware; Decision supports; Design decisions; Early warning; Early Warning System; Information sources; Simulation systems; System architectures; System-of-systems; Alarm systems |
Abstract |
In this paper, we describe the work on the system architecture that is being developed in the EU FP7 project TRIDEC on “Collaborative, Complex and Critical Decision-Support in Evolving Crises”. One of the two decision support use cases in the project deals with Tsunami Early Warning. A modern warning system that follows a system-of-systems approach has to integrate various components and subsystems such as different information sources, services and simulation systems. Furthermore, it has to take into account the distributed and collaborative nature of warning systems. Working on the architecture of such a system, you need to deal with a lot of current computer science and information technology problems as well as state-of-the-art solutions from the areas of Big Data and Human Sensors. In this paper, we present the seven main challenges we needed to solve and describe the necessary design decisions we made to tackle them. |
Address |
Fraunhofer IOSB, Germany; University of Southampton IT Innovation Centre, United Kingdom; Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie |
Place of Publication |
KIT; Baden-Baden |
Editor |
T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9783923704804 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Emergency Management Information Systems |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
790 |
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Author |
Peter Otto; Salvatore Belardo |
Title |
A theoretical evaluation of information processing resources during organizational crisis |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2006 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
262-271 |
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Information systems; Stresses; Crisis; Crisis management; Double-loop learning; Organizational learning; Single-loop learning; Theoretical evaluation; Theoretical framework; Yerkes-dodson laws; Computer aided instruction |
Abstract |
The purpose of this paper is to present a model for testing different organizational learning characteristics and their effects on performance rate in times of an unexpected temporary increase in workload. Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of Yerkes-Dodson law, the stress-buffering effect of coping resources, and established crisis management models, the authors examine the hypotheses of curvilinear and interactional influence of single and double-loop learning on stress levels during crises. Using a simulation model, we identify thresholds in single and double-loop learning environments, where increases in workload lead to dysfunctional effects of stress. The findings indicate support for the hypothesis that an organization that employs double-loop learning is less susceptible to negative stress in times of a crisis. Overall, the study highlights the characteristics of different learning types and its effects on stress. It is suggested that experiments with a simulation model lead to a better understanding of how information processing resources that people have access to in stress events, buffers or protects them from negative effects. |
Address |
Management Information Systems, School of Business, Dowling College, NY, United States; Management Science and Information Systems, School of Business, University at Albany, Albany, NY, United States |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium |
Place of Publication |
Newark, NJ |
Editor |
B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9090206019; 9789090206011 |
Medium |
|
Track |
SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODELING FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
822 |
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Author |
Christine Owen; Jan Douglas; Gregory Hickey |
Title |
Information flow and teamwork in Incident Control Centers |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2008 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
742-751 |
Keywords |
Fires; Information systems; Personnel training; Surveys; Conference sessions; Incident Management; Incident management team; Information flows; Quality of interaction; Teamwork; Training simulation; Wildfire; Human resource management |
Abstract |
This paper reports research in progress into a study of information flow and teamwork in Incident Management Teams (IMTs) in Australia. The research project, funded by the Bushfire Co-operative Research Centre. The overall research design includes interviews with experienced personnel, observations of real-time incidents and training simulations and a national questionnaire of incident management practices. Data reported in this conference session will focus on a sample of observation data conducted in two training simulations of a wildfire incident. Observations were video recorded and key IMT members wore lapel microphones. Video data has been coded for use of artifacts (e.g., maps, status boards) and room movement. Audio data has been coded for by the quantity and quality of interactions within and between IMT functions. The presentation aims to contribute to an understanding of what enables and constrains effective teamwork and information flow within Incident Control Centers (ICCs) in Australia. |
Address |
Bushfire Co-operative Research Centre, University of Tasmania, Australia |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Washington, DC |
Editor |
F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780615206974 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Studies of Command and Control Systems |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
824 |
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Author |
David Passenier; Colin Mols; Jan Bím; Alexei Sharpanskykh |
Title |
Understanding crises: Investigating organizational safety culture by combining organizational ethnography and agent modeling |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2013 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
566-570 |
Keywords |
Information systems; Maintenance; Multi agent systems; Aircraft maintenance; Complexity science; Organizational ethnography; Organizational process; Organizational safety culture; Preliminary analysis; Research methodologies; Safety culture; Computer simulation |
Abstract |
This paper presents a novel, advanced research approach to investigate organizational safety culture as a complex phenomenon, combining agent modeling and organizational ethnography. Safety culture is an emergent property of organizations that largely influences the resilience of organizational responses in crisis situations. However, theory describing the precise ways in which safety culture influences resilience is lacking. Thus the first step is to understand how safety culture gradually emerges from interactions between formal and informal organizational processes. The paper explains the proposed research methodology illustrated by a case of an aircraft maintenance organization. A preliminary analysis is performed from which a conceptual model is derived, and the subsequent simulation and automated analytical techniques that will be used to validate the model and gain new insights are explained. |
Address |
VU Amsterdam, Netherlands |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie |
Place of Publication |
KIT; Baden-Baden |
Editor |
T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9783923704804 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Innovations in Research |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
831 |
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Author |
Alec Pawling; Tim Schoenharl; Ping Yan; Greg Madey |
Title |
WIPER: An emergency response system |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2008 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
702-710 |
Keywords |
Data mining; Geographic information systems; Information systems; Agent based simulation; Emergency response; Emergency response systems; Emergency situation; Integrated systems; Running simulations; Simulation systems; Web-based front end; Financial data processing |
Abstract |
This paper describes the WIPER system, a proof of concept prototype, and progress made on its development to date. WIPER is intended to provide emergency response managers with an integrated system that detects possible emergencies from cellular communication data, attempts to predict the development of emergency situations, and provides tools for evaluating possible courses of action in dealing with emergency situations. We describe algorithms for detecting anomalies in streaming cellular communication network data, the implementation of a simulation system that validates running simulations with new real world data, and a web-based front end to the WIPER system. We also discuss issues relating to the real-time aggregation of data from the cellular service provider and its distribution to components of the WIPER system. |
Address |
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46656, United States |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Washington, DC |
Editor |
F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780615206974 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Decentralized and Self-Organizing IT-Infrastructures for Crisis Response and Management |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
836 |
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|
Author |
Elio Rich |
Title |
Modeling risk dynamics in e-operations transitions |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2006 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
239-250 |
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Drilling platforms; Knowledge management; Risks; E-operations; Group model building; Offshore oil platform; Oil platforms; Quantitative modeling; Simulation; Simulation demonstrate; System Dynamics; Information systems |
Abstract |
Migrations to new modes of operation are perilous times for most organizations. For firms that routinely work in high-threat, high-reward situations, the risks of innovation are particularly challenging. This paper presents a systems-based approach to understanding these risks, drawing examples from one firm migrating to e-Operations for offshore oil platforms to increase profitability. The firm recently participated in two facilitated group model building exercises to examine the effects of the migration on the organization and resources needed to safely implement multiple changes over time. Based on these exercises, a simulation model of the timing and relative levels of risk, was developed. The results of the workshop and simulation demonstrate the effect of a combined qualitative and quantitative modeling approach to understanding complex problems. |
Address |
Department of Information Technology Management, School of Business, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, United States |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium |
Place of Publication |
Newark, NJ |
Editor |
B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9090206019; 9789090206011 |
Medium |
|
Track |
SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODELING FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
877 |
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Author |
Heiko Roßnagel; Olaf Junker |
Title |
Evaluation of a mobile emergency management system – A simulation approach |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2010 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
Keywords |
Civil defense; Disasters; Information systems; Management information systems; Mobile telecommunication systems; Risk management; Systems analysis; Agent based simulation; Emergency management; Emergency management systems; Information delivery; Mobile communications; Mobile service; Multi-agent based simulations; Public events; Information management |
Abstract |
Large public events such as sporting events, concerts, fairs and street festivals are quite common in metropolitan areas. Because of the high frequency of such events and the increasing number of involved parties, those being responsible for the organization and execution have to cope with increasing complexity and shortening time frames for planning and preperation. Because of the high concentration of passengers, unplanned incidents that occur during these public events can have devastating effects and can lead to crises and disasters. Emergency management systems that utilize mobile communication infrastructures can provide prompt information delivery to save human lives. In this paper we propose a system design for mobile emergency management and outline our approach of evaluating this system design using multi-agent based simulation. To make our simulation of passenger movements as realistic as possible we gathered empirical data for a large event as well as for normal rush hour traffic. |
Address |
Fraunhofer IAO, Germany; Airport Research Center, Germany |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Seattle, WA |
Editor |
S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
Track |
Open Track |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
884 |
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Author |
Heiko Roßnagel; Jan Zibuschka |
Title |
Using mobile social media for emergency management – A design science approach |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Information systems; Risk management; Crisis management; Design science; Large public events; Mobile social medias; Perceived ease of use; Perceived usefulness; Simulation studies; Social media; Design |
Abstract |
Over the last couple of years social networks have become very popular and part of our daily lives. With the emergence of powerful smartphones and cheap data rates social media can now be accessed anytime and anywhere. Obviously, it makes sense to also facilitate social media for crisis management and response. In this contribution we present a system design for emergency support based on mobile social media with an emphasis on increasing security during large public events. We follow the design science approach as we provide an artifact design along with a description of its implementation and evaluate our artifact using the simulation study methodology. As a result of this study we gained valuable insight into how the users interact with our system and obtained information on how to improve it. Overall the users were quite satisfied with the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use of our system. |
Address |
Fraunhofer IAO, Germany |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Social Media and Collaborative Systems |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
890 |
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Author |
Heiko Roßnagel; Jan Zibuschka; Olaf Junker |
Title |
On the effectiveness of mobile service notification for passenger egress during large public events |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: From Early-Warning Systems to Preparedness and Training, ISCRAM 2011 |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2011 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
Keywords |
Benchmarking; Information systems; Agent based simulation; Broadcast messages; Evacuation strategy; Key performance indicators; Large public events; Mobile service; Passenger egress; Simulation; Mobile telecommunication systems |
Abstract |
In this contribution we evaluate the effectiveness of mobile services for passenger egress of a train station during a large public event using an agent-based simulation approach. For this simulation we built a virtual replica of the Cologne central train station and collected empirical data on passenger numbers and their movements during a large public event. We simulate several different scenarios and compare the results using key performance indicators, such as time for egress. Our results show that dedicated cell broadcast messages under the described circumstances can be used to decrease evacuation time significantly and that the simulation can be used to quickly investigate the relevant key performance indicators needed to asses and evaluate the effectiveness of different notification and evacuation strategies. |
Address |
Fraunhofer IAO, Germany; Airport Research Center, Germany |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon |
Editor |
M.A. Santos, L. Sousa, E. Portela |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9789724922478 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Early Warning and Alert Systems |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
8th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
891 |
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Author |
André Sabino; Rui Nóbrega; Armanda Rodrigues; Nuno Correia |
Title |
Life-saver: Flood emergency simulator |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2008 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
724-733 |
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Data visualization; Human computer interaction; Information systems; Verification; Agent based simulation; Agent-based approach; Crisis response; Emergency plans; Emergency situation; GIS Integration; Simulation platform; Validation process; Emergency services |
Abstract |
This paper proposes an agent-based simulation system for Dam Break Emergency Plan validation. The proposed system shows that integrating GIS data with an agent-based approach provides a successful simulation platform for the emergency plan validation process. Possible strategies to emergency plan modeling and representation are discussed, proposing a close relation with the actual workflow followed by the entities responsible for the plan's specification. The simulation model is mainly concerned with the location-based and location-motivated actions of the involved agents, describing the likely effects of a specific emergency situation response. The simulator architecture is further described, based on the correspondence between the representation of the plan, and the simulation model. This includes the involving characteristics of the simulation, the simulation engine, the description of the resulting data (for the later evaluation of the emergency plan) and a visualization and interaction component, enabling the dynamic introduction of changes in the scenario progression. |
Address |
IMG (Interactive Multimedia Group), DI and CITI/FCT, New University of Lisbon, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal |
Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
|
Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Washington, DC |
Editor |
F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780615206974 |
Medium |
|
Track |
Geographic Information Science |
Expedition |
|
Conference |
5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
902 |
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Author |
Douglas A. Samuelson; Matthew Parker; Austin Zimmerman; Loren Miller; Stephen Guerin; Joshua Thorp; Owen Densmore |
Title |
Agent-based simulations of mass egress after Improvised Explosive Device attacks |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCRAM 2008 |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
59-70 |
Keywords |
Computer simulation; Recreation centers; Stadiums; Subway stations; Agent based simulation; Department of Homeland Security; Emergency preparedness; Event management; Improvised explosive devices; Mass egress; Real-time information systems; Science and Technology; Information systems |
Abstract |
For the Science and Technology Directorate (S&T) of the U. S. Department of Homeland Security, we developed agent-based computer simulation models of mass egress from a stadium and a subway station following one or more attacks with Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs.) Anti-IED countermeasures we modeled included improved guidance to exits, baffles to absorb shock and shrapnel, and, for the stadium, egress onto the playing field. We found improved real-time information systems that provide better guidance to exits would substantially expedite egress and could reduce secondary (trampling and crush) casualties. Our results indicate that models like these can be useful aids to selecting countermeasures, and for training, preparation and exercises. We also discuss the unusual problems such models pose for real-time event management and for validation and evaluation. |
Address |
Serco, United Kingdom; ANSER, United Kingdom; Homeland Security Institute, United States; Redfish Group, United Kingdom |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM |
Place of Publication |
Washington, DC |
Editor |
F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2411-3387 |
ISBN |
9780615206974 |
Medium |
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Track |
Virtual Systems for Emergency Management Simulation & Training |
Expedition |
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Conference |
5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management |
Notes |
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Approved |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
908 |
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