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Author Kate Starbird; Jeannie Stamberger
Title Tweak the tweet: Leveraging microblogging proliferation with a prescriptive syntax to support citizen reporting Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Disasters; Hazards; Information systems; Social networking (online); Syntactics; Collective intelligences; Crisis informatics; Emergency; Information convergence; Information diffusion; Microblogging; Technology diffusion; Electric grounding
Abstract In this paper, we propose a low-tech solution for use by microbloggers that could enhance their ability to rapidly produce parsable, crisis-relevant information in mass emergencies. We build upon existing research on the use of social media during mass emergencies and disasters. Our proposed intervention aims to leverage the affordances of mobile microblogging and the drive to support citizen reporting within current behavioral Twitter-based microblogging practice. We introduce a prescriptive, tweet-based syntax that could increase the utility of information generated during emergencies by gently reshaping current behavioral practice. This offering is grounded in an understanding of current trends in norm evolution of Twitter use, an evolution that has progressed quickly but appears to be stabilizing around specific textual conventions.
Address ConnectivIT Lab, ATLAS, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States; Disaster Management Initiative, Carnegie Mellon Silicon Valley, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Collaboration and Social Networking Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 971
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Author Jeannette N. Sutton
Title Twittering Tennessee: Distributed networks and collaboration following a technological disaster Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Disasters; Information systems; Networks (circuits); Collaboration; Communication mechanisms; Industry representatives; Informal communication; Micro-blogging services; Resilience; Technological disasters; Twitter; Social networking (online)
Abstract Informal communication channels are often the primary means by which time-sensitive hazard information first reaches members of the public. The capacity for informal communications has been recently transformed by the widespread adoption of social media technologies, such as the micro-blogging service Twitter, which allows individuals to interact with a broad audience over great distances. During a disaster or crisis event, this networked communication mechanism provides a means to communicate information and facilitate collaboration both locally and among distributed networks. This paper examines the use of Twitter following a technological disaster, showing how geographically dispersed individuals broadcast information about the impact of the disaster and its long-term effects, in contrast with the dearth of participation among public officials and industry representatives. Non-local users challenged authoritative accounts of the disaster and corrected misinformation. Conclusions are provided for policy makers and suggestions are offered for further research.
Address University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Collaboration and Social Networking Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 987
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Author Louis-Marie Ngamassi Tchouakeu; Carleen Maitland; Andrea H. Tapia; Kang Zhao; Kartikeya Bajpai
Title Assessing humanitarian inter-organizational network effectiveness: The case of GlobalSympoNet Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Information management; Social networking (online); Inter-organizational network; Network structures; Organizational characteristics; Semi structured interviews; Information systems
Abstract This paper reports on research in progress. The objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of multidimensional humanitarian inter-organizational networks. Especially, it investigates how organizational characteristics and network structure properties impact network effectiveness. To this end, the research develops a model of network effectiveness in the humanitarian field, using the case of GlobalSympoNet, a network of organizations/agencies engaged in humanitarian information management and exchange. Data for the research come from a series of three surveys and semi-structured interviews conducted among organizations/agencies members of GlobalSympoNet. Social network analyses are done using UCINET (Borgatti et al., 1999). Some preliminary results are presented here.
Address College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State University, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Humanitarian Challenges Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1000
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Author Thomas Foulquier; Claude Caron
Title Towards a formalization of interorganizational trust networks for crisis management Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Networks (circuits); Social sciences computing; Crisis; Crisis management; Formalization; Inter-organizational trust; Sensemaking; Trust; Trust networks; Information systems
Abstract As the concept of trust has found its way into the crisis management literature, many questions remain to be addressed, among which that of its integration with information technology, and its relevance for improving collaboration in a crisis management environment. We propose in this paper that a sub category of social networks, interpersonal trust networks between organisations, may have a significant influence on the management of a crisis by organizations, and that their formalization by technology can help manage such networks and prepare for potential crises. Following a review of trust in the crisis management context, we link trust's organizing properties to crisis management case studies and present our rationale for formalizing trust networks in an information system. We consider the technological artifact produced before the crisis by formalizing interpersonal, interorganizational trust relationships will constitute an element for collective sensemaking by parties involved in the management of a crisis.
Address Geobusiness Group, Faculté d'Administration, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Special Session: Information Credibility, Trust, Privacy and Security in Information Systems for Emergency Management Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1007
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Author Sébastien Tremblay; Daniel Lafond; Jean-François Gagnon; Vincent Rousseau; Rego Granlund
Title Extending the capabilities of the C3Fire microworld as a testing platform for research in emergency response management Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Cognitive systems; Decision support systems; Emergency services; Information systems; Emergency response; Metrics; Microworld; Research methodologies; Team cognition; Human resource management
Abstract The present paper describes the C3Fire microworld and the testing capabilities it provides for research in emergency response management. We start with a general description of C3Fire and report extensions that add a new subtask (search and rescue) relevant to the context of emergency response and a vocal communication system. We then describe how various organizational structures can be designed using this task environment and several metrics of major interest for research in crisis management, related to task performance, communication, coordination effectiveness, monitoring effectiveness, recovery from interruptions, detection of critical changes, and team adaptation. The microworld constitutes a highly flexible testing platform for research in team cognition, cognitive systems engineering and decision support for crisis management.
Address School of Psychology, Université Laval, Canada; Defence RandD Canada, Canada; School of Industrial Relations, Université de Montréal, Canada; Santa Anna IT Research Institute, Canada
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Poster Session Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1017
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Author Beth Veinott; Gary L. Klein; Sterling Wiggins
Title Evaluating the effectiveness of the PreMortem technique on plan confidence Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Information systems; Base-line conditions; Confidence levels; Crisis management; Decision-making theories; Plan evaluation; Planning tools; Sensemaking; University context; Human resource management
Abstract One problem affecting crisis management planning teams is overconfidence- An inflated belief that a plan will be successful. In this paper we compared the effect of several different methods for reducing individual team member confidence levels and compared each to a baseline control condition. One hundred and seventy-eight people participated in one of five conditions to evaluate an H1N1 flu epidemic plan in a university context. Over the course of evaluating the plan, participants provided several ratings of confidence in the plan's success and their understanding. We compared several techniques commonly used, such as critique, Pro/Cons generation, Cons only generation and a newer technique, PreMortem, to a baseline condition. The Pro/Cons generation, Cons only generation and the PreMortem technique all reliably reduced confidence levels more than baseline condition. Furthermore, the Premortem method, imagining that a plan has failed and then generating reasons to explain why, reliably reduced confidence more than each of the other conditions, and therefore can be a useful tool for combating overconfidence in crisis management planning. We discuss the results in the context of sensemaking and decision making theory.
Address Klein Division, Applied Research Inc., United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Planning, Foresight and/or Risk Analysis Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1049
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Author Marcus Vogt; Kieth Hales; Dieter Hertweck; Gavin Finnie
Title Strategic ICT alignment in emergency management Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Civil defense; Disaster prevention; Information systems; Risk management; Cobit; Disaster management; ICT Governance; ICT value; Itil; Itsm; Val-IT; Disasters
Abstract This paper shows preliminary results of an ongoing research project on the benefits of Strategic ICT Alignment in the domain of disaster management. The research is based on current literature in that area, an observation of a multi-organizational pandemic exercise in a large German municipality and interviews with stakeholders of different emergency management organizations in Germany and Australia. The preliminary results show that emergency managers can feel overwhelmed by the complexity of ICT and are unable to estimate the value and impact of ICT on their processes. Consequently, the paper identifies a research gap in the area of ICT Governance and Emergency Management, which will guide the coming research stages in order to develop a Strategic ICT Alignment framework for emergency management organizations.
Address Bond University, Australia; Heilbronn University, Germany
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Open Track Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1053
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Author Jian Wang; Tim Yardley; Himanshu Khurana; Liying Wang
Title LENS: Location-based emergency notification service Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Emergency services; Information systems; Networks (circuits); Web browsers; Emergency notification; Emergency situation; Location based; Metropolitan networks; Notification Service; Notification systems; Off-the-shelf components; Redirection; Location based services
Abstract University campuses and municipalities are currently spending large sums of money to acquire systems that allow dissemination of information in emergency situations. The majority of these are mass notification systems that first register multiple contacts for community residents (email, phone, pager, etc.) and then deliver information to those residents at the push of a button to leave a message. Motivated by the limitations of such approaches, in this work we explore the use of existing metropolitan network infrastructures to design a new Location-Based Emergency Notification Service (LENS). LENS selectively redirecting residents to safety information using existing communication channels (e.g., Web browsing over HTTP). LENS eliminates the need for registration, provides minimal interruption to users and involves a low-cost setup. We prototype LENS using off-the-shelf components and demonstrate efficiency and scalability for a 60,000 user campus environment.
Address University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Technologies and Tools Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1063
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Author Connie White; Murray Turoff; Starr Roxanne Hiltz
Title A real time online Delphi Decision System, V 2.0: Crisis management support during extreme events Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Design; Disaster prevention; Disasters; Information systems; Management information systems; Open systems; Crisis management; Delphi; Extreme events; Real time; Sahana; Wicked problems; Decision making
Abstract The Delphi Decision Maker system has been designed to support the decision making needs of crisis managers, considering factors such as stress, time pressure, information overload, and uncertainty. It has been built as a module for the Sahana Disaster Management system, a free and open source system. The Design Science research paradigm was used in an iterative development process. Triangulation was employed in the evaluation, analyzing the system against the research questions using both qualitative and quantitative statistics as well as proof of concept. Modifications need to be made for real world use. A second version of the system is under development. Research findings and future research are outlined in this work in progress.
Address Jacksonville State University, United States; New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Special Session: Response Information Systems Requirement Engineering and Evaluation Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1083
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Author Gerhard Wickler; Stephen Potter
Title Standard Operating Procedures: Collaborative development and distributed use Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Artificial intelligence; Information systems; Open source software; Agent Framework; Artificial intelligence planning; Collaborative development; Distributed development; Open-source; Standard operating procedures; Virtual collaboration; Wiki extensions; Standardization
Abstract This paper describes a system that supports the distributed development and deployment of Standard Operating Procedures. The system is based on popular, open-source wiki software for the SOP development, and the I-X task-centric agent framework for deployment. A preliminary evaluation using an SOP for virtual collaboration is described and shows the potential of the approach.
Address AIAI, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, SC, United Kingdom
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Intelligent Systems Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1085
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Author Matt Wolff
Title Unsupervised methods for detecting a malicious insider Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Information systems; Natural language processing systems; Network security; Unsupervised learning; Insider Threat; Malicious insiders; Masquerade attacks; Supervised algorithm; Unsupervised algorithms; Unsupervised method; User masquerades; Algorithms
Abstract One way a malicious insider can attack a network is by masquerading as a different user. Various algorithms have been proposed in an effort to detect when a user masquerade attack has occurred. In this paper, two unsupervised algorithms are proposed with the intended goal of detecting user masquerade attacks. The effectiveness of these two unsupervised algorithms are then compared against supervised algorithms.
Address University of Hawaii, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Special Session: Information Credibility, Trust, Privacy and Security in Information Systems for Emergency Management Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1097
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Author Xiang Yao; Murray Turoff; Starr Roxanne Hiltz
Title A field trial of a collaborative online scenario creation system for emergency management Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Civil defense; Design; Disasters; Information systems; Business continuity planning; Collaboration support; Collaborative systems; Emergency management; Emergency scenario; Evaluation methods; Knowledge structures; Scenarios; Risk management
Abstract In Emergency Management and Business Continuity Planning, scenarios are a widely used tool. Existing scenario creation systems allow distributed groups to create scenarios together but have limited collaboration support. This study developed and evaluated a solution to provide various types of collaboration support around a knowledge structure at the core of a collaborative scenario creation system called Collario. Following the Design Science paradigm, it evolved through four iterations into a working prototype. Several evaluation methods, including protocol analysis and field study, were employed to evaluate the design effects and obtain user feedback. The results of the first field trial are described in this paper. They indicate that the system is useful to support creation and discussion of emergency scenarios in virtual teams and to share knowledge and experiences among geographically distributed emergency professionals and researchers. It was also found that the system is not hard to learn and use.
Address New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Collaboration and Social Networking Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1127
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Author Telmo Zarraonandia; Mario Rafael Ruíz Vargas; Paloma Díaz; Ignacio Aedo
Title A game model for supporting children learning about emergency situations Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Information systems; Learning systems; Models; Personnel training; Software design; Communication tools; Educational experiences; Educational process; Educational resource; Emergency; Emergency situation; Emergency training; Games; Education
Abstract Despite the undeniable value of computer games as educational resources for teaching children, its actual application in educational processes is hampered due the complexity of their design and the high cost of developing them. In order to foster their adoption for emergency training, we propose a model for describing the different elements of an educational game for this domain. The model might serve to support the game designing process as well as a communication tool between educators and game designers. This way, the educator can specify the requirements of the educational experience he aims to construct, and based on that information the game designer can propose a set of possible configurations of the game elements that can help to attain the specified objectives.
Address Computer Science Department, Universidad Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Safety and Security Education Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1138
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Author Christopher W. Zobel
Title Comparative visualization of predicted disaster resilience Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal ISCRAM 2010
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Decision support systems; Disaster prevention; Flow visualization; Information systems; Visualization; Comparative visualization; Critical facilities; Decision supports; Disaster planning; Disaster resiliences; Disaster situations; Resilience triangle; Strategic decision making; Disasters
Abstract The disaster resilience triangle is a simple but effective tool for illustrating the relationship between the initial impact of a disaster event and the subsequent time to recovery. This tool can also be expanded, however, to provide an analytic measure of the level of resilience exhibited by a particular entity in a given disaster situation. We build upon the previous work in this area by developing a new approach for visualizing and analyzing the tradeoffs between the two primary defining characteristics of the disaster resilience triangle. This new approach supports strategic decision making in a disaster planning environment by providing a straightforward means for directly comparing the relative predicted resilience of different critical facilities within an organization, with respect to both location and type of risk.
Address Virginia Polytechnic Institute, State University, United States
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM Place of Publication Seattle, WA Editor (up) S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2411-3387 ISBN Medium
Track Open Track Expedition Conference 7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1166
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