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	Author	L. Rothkrantz, J. Ristvej, Z.Franco
	Title	ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2012	Publication	ISCRAM 2012 Conference Proceedings – 9th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2012
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The proceedings contain 140 papers. The topics discussed include: for whom the siren sounds: public perceptions of outdoor warning sirens in Northeast Alabama; design and initial validation of the raster method for telecom service availability risk assessment; using document-based databases for medical information systems in unreliable environments; integrating national tsunami early warning systems – towards ocean-wide system-of-systems networks; an agent-based approach for safety analysis of safety-critical organizations; a pragmatic approach to smart workspaces for crisis management; reducing workload by navigational support in dynamic situations; exploring the design of technological platforms for virtual communities of practices; and emergency response in rural areas – how new ways of organizing and supporting first responders can apply to crisis management.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Simon Fraser University	Place of Publication	Vancouver, BC	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780864913326	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	9th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	15
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	Author	T. Comes; F. Fiedrich; S. Fortier; J. Geldermann; T. Müller
	Title	ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2013	Publication	ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2013
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The proceedings contain 137 papers. The topics discussed include: power outage communications: survey of needs, infrastructures and concepts; case study on risk analysis for critical systems with reliability block diagrams; the effect of age on technology acceptance among field police officers; crisis clever, a system for supporting crisis managers; dealing with information overload when using social media for emergency management: emerging solutions; 'do-it-yourself justice': considerations of social media use in a crisis situation: the case of the 2011 Vancouver riots; locating emergency responders using mobile wireless sensor networks; near real-time forensic disaster analysis; combining real and virtual volunteers through social media; emergency management: identifying problem domains in communication; and a cross impact scenario model of organizational behavior in emergencies.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie	Place of Publication	KIT; Baden-Baden	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9783923704804	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	54
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	Author	S. French, B. Tomaszewski, C. Zobel
	Title	ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2010	Publication	ISCRAM 2010 – 7th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management: Defining Crisis Management 3.0, Proceedings	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2010
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The proceedings contain 112 papers.The topics discussed include: a model for temporal coordination of disaster response activities; RimSim visualization : an interactive tool for post-event sense making of a first response effort; towards a formalization of interorganizational trust networks for crisis management; the role of social networks in crisis situations: public participation and information exchange; towards a decision support system for the allocation of traumatized patients; interaction design for web emergency management information systems; the current state of continuous auditing and emergency management's valuable contribution; towards dynamic workflow support for crisis management; predicting group faultlines in multinational crisis response teams; feedback mechanisms in automated emergency management training; cell phone use with social ties during crises: the case of the virginia tech tragedy; and adaptive development of a common operating environment for crisis response and management.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Seattle, WA	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	7th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	58
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	Author	F. Fiedrich, B. Van de Walle
	Title	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2008	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2008 – 5th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2008
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The proceedings contain 89 papers and 2 PowerPoint presentations. The topics discussed include: emergency messaging to general public via public wireless networks; multicast voice performance within a public safety cell; united we respond: one community, one voice; community response grid (CRG) for a university campus: design requirements and implications; use of web-based group decision support for crisis management; agent-based simulations of mass egress after improvised explosive device attacks; a prototype virtual emergency operations center using a collaborative virtual environment; virtual environments for developing strategies for interdicting terrorists carrying dirty bombs; emergency management task characteristics, knowledge sharing and integration and task performance: research agenda and challenges; and automatic extraction of abbreviation for emergency management websites.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Washington, DC	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9780615206974	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	5th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	60
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	Author	B. Van de Walle, Paul Burghardt, K. Nieuwenhuis
	Title	Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2007	Publication	Intelligent Human Computer Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM 2007 Academic Proceedings Papers	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2007
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The proceedings contain 68 papers. The topics discussed include: injury worsening risk modeling and rescue emergency analysis in a disaster; a dynamic Delphi process utilizing a modified Thurstone scaling method: collaborative judgment in emergency response; Sahana victim registries: effectively track disaster victims; near real time flood alerting for the global disaster alert and coordination system; interoperable communication: an analysis of SMS text-message exchange; a first step in decision support tools for humanitarian assistance during catastrophic disasters: modeling hazard generated needs; towards a GIS data model for improving the emergency response in the least developing countries: challenges and opportunities; and integrating technology in crisis response using an information manager: first lessons learned from field exercises in the Port of Rotterdam.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, ISCRAM	Place of Publication	Delft	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9789054874171; 9789090218717	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	4th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	61
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	Author	B. Van de Walle, M. Turoff
	Title	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006-3rd international conference on information systems for crisis response and management			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2006	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2006 – 3rd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2006
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The proceedings contain 74 papers. The topics discussed include: exploring protocols for multidisciplinary disaster response using adaptive workflow simulation; communication and information system for disaster relief operations; SIGAME: web-based system for resources management on emergencies; modeling risk dynamics in e-operations transitions; developing adaptive user interfaces using a game-based simulation environment; availability of technologies versus capabilities of users; foundations for designing global emergency response systems (ERS); VISTA – a visualization analysis tool for humanitarian situational awareness; a theoretical evaluation of information processing resources during organizational crisis; emergency planning as a continuous game; and crisis detection in enterprises based on ahp with clustering.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium	Place of Publication	Newark, NJ	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9090206019; 9789090206011	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	3rd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	62
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	Author	B. Van de Walle; Benny Carlé
	Title	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2005 – 2nd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2005	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2005 – 2nd International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2005
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The proceedings contain 49 papers. The topics discussed include: asynchronous negotiation and collaboration of software requirements for an emergency response information system: an empirical investigation; design considerations for information systems to support critical infrastructure management; incident command system: a developing national standard of incident management in the US; scaling-up support for emergency response organizations; shared use of information technology in emergency response work: results from a field experiment; learning and renewal following threat and crisis: the experience of a computer services firm in response to Y2K and 9/11; operational risk in incident management: a cross-fertilization between ISCRAM and IT governance; and airport security complexity : problems with the information system components.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium	Place of Publication	Brussels	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9076971099	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	2nd International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	63
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	Author	B. Van de Walle; Benny Carlé
	Title	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2004 – 1st International Workshop on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2004	Publication	Proceedings of ISCRAM 2004 – 1st International Workshop on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2004
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The proceedings contain 30 papers. The topics discussed include: assuring homeland security: continuous monitoring, control and assurance of emergency preparedness; believe in the model: mishandle the emergency; IMI – an information system for effective multidisciplinary incident management; the virtual crisis management center; dam break emergency response information system; the design and implementation of a decision support and information exchange system for nuclear emergency management in the Netherlands; a management information system to support the radiological protection institute of Ireland's emergency response role; location-based emergency medicine; systems improving communication in case of a nuclear emergency; automated support for adaptive incident management; and structuring stakeholders' involvement in radiological crisis management.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium	Place of Publication	Brussels	Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9076971080	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	1st International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	64
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	Author	Jürgen Beyerer; Thomas Usländer
	Title	ISCRAM2013 conference proceedings – Editorial			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2013	Publication	ISCRAM 2013 Conference Proceedings – 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2013
	Volume		Issue		Pages	3
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Fraunhofer IOSB, Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie	Place of Publication	KIT; Baden-Baden	Editor	T. Comes, F. Fiedrich, S. Fortier, J. Geldermann and T. Müller
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9783923704804	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	10th International ISCRAM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	318
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	Author	L. Palen; Monika Büscher; T. Comes; A. Hughes
	Title	ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings – 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2015	Publication	ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings � 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2015
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Proceedings, ISCRAM 2015
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	University of Agder (UiA)	Place of Publication	Kristiansand, Norway	Editor	L. Palen; M. Buscher; T. Comes; A. Hughes
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN	9788271177881	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	ISCRAM 2015 Conference Proceedings � 12th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1175
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	Author	Mehdi Ben Lazreg; Usman Anjum; Vladimir Zadorozhny; Morten Goodwin
	Title	Semantic Decay Filter for Event Detection			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2020	Publication	ISCRAM 2020 Conference Proceedings – 17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2020
	Volume		Issue		Pages	14-26
	Keywords	String Metric, Event Detection, Crisis Management.
	Abstract	Peaks in a time series of social media posts can be used to identify events. Using peaks in the number of posts and keyword bursts has become the go-to method for event detection from social media. However, those methods suffer from the random peaks in posts attributed to the regular daily use of social media. This paper proposes a novel approach to remedy that problem by introducing a semantic decay filter (SDF). The filter's role is to eliminate the random peaks and preserve the peak related to an event. The filter combines two relevant features, namely the number of posts and the decay in the number of similar tweets in an event-related peak. We tested the filter on three different data sets corresponding to three events: the STEM school shooting, London bridge attacks, and Virginia beach attacks. We show that, for all the events, the filter can eliminate random peaks and preserve the event-related peaks.
	Address	Dept. of Information and Communication Technology, University of Agder,Grimstad, Norway; Dept. of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; Dept. of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; Dept. of Information and Communication Technology, University of Agder,Grimstad, Norway
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Virginia Tech	Place of Publication	Blacksburg, VA (USA)	Editor	Amanda Hughes; Fiona McNeill; Christopher W. Zobel
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	978-1-949373-27-2	ISBN	2411-3388	Medium
	Track	AI Systems for Crisis and Risks	Expedition		Conference	17th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes	mehdi.ben.lazreg@uia.no			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2203
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	Author	Andrea H. Tapia; Pedro Antunes; Victor A. Bañuls; Kathleen Moore; João Porto de Albuquerque
	Title	13th ISCRAM Conference Proceedings Introduction			Type	Conference Volume
	Year	2016	Publication	ISCRAM 2016 Conference Proceedings � 13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management	Abbreviated Journal	ISCRAM 2016
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	The theme of ISCRAM 2016 is Resilience. Resilience has become a popular topic in emergency response and crisis management. This edition will highlight the exploration of the various facets of resilience when applied to Crisis and Emergency Management. The purpose of ISCRAM 2016 is to stimulate discussions that enable the design of resilient systems in the domain of crisis management.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Federal University of Rio de Janeiro	Place of Publication	Rio de Janeiro, Brasil	Editor	A. Tapia; P. Antunes; V.A. Bañuls; K. Moore; J. Porto
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3388	ISBN	978-84-608-7984-9	Medium
	Track	Proceeding	Expedition		Conference	13th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1436
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	Author	Hans Jochen Scholl; Sarah L. Carnes
	Title	Managerial Challenges in Early Disaster Response: The Case of the 2014 Oso/SR530 Landslide Disaster			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	961-972
	Keywords	Incident Command System (ICS); National Incident Management System (NIMS); coordination challenges; resource challenges; training and preparedness challenges; collaboration; communication and information sharing
	Abstract	The larger the scale, scope, and duration of a disaster, the higher is the number of response units. However, with more units involved in the response also the heterogeneity of responder units drastically increases in terms of capabilities, experiences, practices, techniques, tactics, and procedures. As a result, the coordination and overall management of the response becomes an increasingly challenging endeavor. In the response to the 2014 Oso/SR530 landslide disaster in Washington State over one hundred agencies were involved, which presented a huge coordination task for the incident command. This empirical study is exploratory and focuses on the activities and interactions of professional responders, particularly, in the early phases of the response. It amends and complements previous studies on the subject by identifying and describing in detail various challenges in the early response. It also discusses recommendations on how to tackle and potentially mitigate the challenges identified in future responses.
	Address	University of Washington
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Response and Recovery	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2080
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	Author	Nadia Saad Noori; Yan Wang; Tina Comes; Philipp Schwarz; Heide Lukosch
	Title	Behind the Scenes of Scenario-Based Training: Understanding Scenario Design and Requirements in High-Risk and Uncertain Environments			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	948-959
	Keywords	Humanitarian simulation exercise; scenario design process; collective learning; interorganizational coordination
	Abstract	Simulation exercises as a training tool for enhancing preparedness for emergency response are widely adopted in disaster management. This paper addresses current scenario design processes, proposes an alternative approach for simulation exercises and introduces a conceptual design of an adaptive scenario generator. Our work is based on a systematic literature review and observations made during TRIPLEX-2016 exercise in Farsund, Norway. The planning process and scenario selection of simulation exercises impact directly the effectiveness of intra- and interorganizational cooperation. However, collective learning goals are rarely addressed and most simulations are focused on institution-specific learning goals. Current scenario design processes are often inflexible and begin from scratch for each exercise. In our approach, we address both individual and collective learning goals and the demand to develop scenarios on different layers of organizational learning. Further, we propose a scenario generator that partly automates the scenario selection and adaptively responds to the exercise evolvement.
	Address	University of Agder; Delft University of Technology
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Prevention and Preparation	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2079
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	Author	Carolin Klonner; Melanie Eckle; Tomás Usón; Bernhard Höfle
	Title	Quality Improvement of Remotely Volunteered Geographic Information via Country-Specific Mapping Instructions			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	939-947
	Keywords	OpenStreetMap; country-specific mapping instructions; VGI; quality; disaster
	Abstract	Volunteered geographic information can be seen as valuable data for various applications such as within disaster management. OpenStreetMap data, for example, are mainly contributed by remote mappers based on satellite imagery and have increasingly been implemented in response actions to various disasters. Yet, the quality often depends on the local and country-specific knowledge of the mappers, which is required for performing the mapping task. Hence, the question is raised whether there is a possibility to train remote mappers with country-specific mapping instructions in order to improve the quality of OpenStreetMap data. An experiment is conducted with Geography students to evaluate the effect of additional material that is provided in wiki format. Furthermore, a questionnaire is applied to collect participants' socio-demographic information, mapping experience and feedback about the material. This pre-study gives hints for future designs of country-specific mapping instructions as well as the experiment design itself.
	Address	Institute of Geography, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (HAW), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Center for the Environment (HCE), Heidelberg, Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Prevention and Preparation	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2078
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	Author	Ulrich Meissen; Frank Fuchs-Kittowski; Michael Jendreck; Stefan Pfennigschmidt; Markus Hardt; Agnès Voisard
	Title	A general system architecture and design for the coordination of volunteers for agile disaster response			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	890-900
	Keywords	Crisis and disaster management; Response; Alerting; Crowdsourcing; Crowdtasking; Volunteer system; Architecture; System design; System test
	Abstract	In the recent decade the evolvement and widespread success of new technologies in particular in the field of computing power, network bandwidth, mobile networks and wearable devices have prepared the foundation for completely new approaches in crisis management. Currently, we are at the edge that such new technologies for crisis management are becoming a real and practically applicable option, e.g. in the field of alerting, crowdsourcing, and crowdtasking. In parallel, we witness in the recent years that citizens are more and more willing to help during crisis and disasters, thus providing a large – yet unused – potential for agile support in disaster preparation and response. In many disaster situations the emergency personnel reach the limits of their capabilities. In particular during the isolation phase the support of such volunteers can be a valuable benefit for disaster response. With the help of new technologies crisis management can provide current on-site information via mobile devices in real time as well as organize and coordinate the activities of the volunteers at specific locations. In this paper we present the results of the research project ENSURE: a general architecture and a system design for the coordination of spontaneous volunteers for agile disaster response. With the expected broader implementation of such systems in disaster management in the future it is inevitable to elaborate such common technological foundations for practical mass applications.
	Address	Fraunhofer FOKUS, Berlin; Fraunhofer FU, Berlin; Fraunhofer HTW, Berlin
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	New Technologies for Crisis Management	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2074
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	Author	Rob Grace; Jess Kropczynski; Scott Pezanowski; Shane Halse; Prasanna Umar; Andrea Tapia
	Title	Social Triangulation: A new method to identify local citizens using social media and their local information curation behaviors			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	902-915
	Keywords	community preparedness; geolocation inference; information infrastructure; social media
	Abstract	Local citizens can use social media such as Twitter to share and receive critical information before, during, and after emergencies. However, standard methods of identifying local citizens on Twitter discover only a small proportion of local users in a geographic area. To better identify local citizens and their social media sources for local information, we explore the information infrastructure of a local community that is constituted prior to emergencies through the everyday social network curation of local citizens. We hypothesize that investigating social network ties among local organizations and their followers may be key to identifying local citizens and understanding their local information seeking behaviors. We describe Social Triangulation as a method to identify local citizens vis-à-vis the local organizations they follow on Twitter, and evaluate our hypothesis by analyzing users' profile location information. Lastly, we discuss how Social Triangulation might support community preparedness by informing emergency communications planning.
	Address	The Pennsylvania State University
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Prevention and Preparation	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2075
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	Author	FREALLE Noémie; TENA-CHOLLET Florian; SAUVAGNARGUES Sophie
	Title	The key role of animation in the execution of crisis management exercises			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	916-928
	Keywords	Crisis; training; animation; facilitator; scenario
	Abstract	The organizers of crisis management exercises want scenario credible and pedagogical from the beginning until the end. For this reason, they call on an animation team that can use different communication channels. The aim of this article is to understand the different types of animation by analyzing the professional experience of the facilitators and the type of casting that can be done. Finally, a definition of four levels of animation is proposed. These levels are associated with different types of messages and rhythm settings. The main objective is to improve the execution of the scenario during a crisis management training.
	Address	Mines Alès
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Prevention and Preparation	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2076
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	Author	Tilo Mentler
	Title	Applying Usability Engineering to Interactive Systems for Crisis and Disaster Management			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	929-938
	Keywords	Usability Engineering; Risk Management; Medical Devices; User-Centered System Design
	Abstract	Crisis and disaster management are increasingly characterized by interactive systems intended to be valuable support for professionals and volunteers in preventing, preparing for, responding to and recovering from major incidents and accidents. Therefore, usability in terms of safe and efficient usage of computer-based solutions becomes a crucial factor for successful crisis and disaster management. In order to ensure usability, it has to be addressed systematically throughout any development process. In this paper, established engineering approaches to crisis and disaster management systems are summarized. Subsequently, resemblances (e.g. diversity of users and devices) and differences (e.g. scalability) between safety-critical contexts of medical device design and crisis management are outlined. Following this, recommendations for applying usability engineering processes to disaster management are derived from standards and guidelines according to medical device design (IEC 62366-1:2015, ISO 14971:2007). Particularly, relationships and interactions between usability engineering and risk managements measures (e.g. hazard-related use scenarios) are described.
	Address	Institute for Multimedia and Interactive Systems (IMIS), University of Luebeck, Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Prevention and Preparation	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2077
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	Author	Fatemeh Hendijani Fard; Cooper Davies; Frank Mauer
	Title	Agile Emergency Responses Using Collaborative Planning HTN			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	857-867
	Keywords	Collaborative emergency response planning; emergency operations center; emergency response knowledge base; decision support systems; hierarchical task network
	Abstract	Emergency response planning is a complex task due to multiple organizations involved, different planning considerations, etc. Using artificial intelligence collaborative planning helps in the automatic planning for complex situations. Analyzing all impacting factors along with plans that are executable can facilitate the decision making in Emergency Operations Centers for an agile emergency response. A main component of a planner is a knowledge base. Although many systems are developed to support decision making in emergency response or recovery, they either focus on specific or small organizations, or rely on simulations. To the best of our knowledge, there is a gap that there is no common knowledge base for provincial level mass emergencies for automatic planners. The multiplicity of the emergency response documents and their structure makes the knowledge acquisition complex. In this paper, we explain the process of extracting knowledge based on hierarchical task networks and how it speeds up the reactivity to a disaster.
	Address	University of Calgary – Calgary AB
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	New Technologies for Crisis Management	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2071
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	Author	Ilona Heldal; Cecilia Hammar Wijkmark
	Title	Simulations and Serious Games for Firefighter Training: Users' Perspective			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Informatin Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	868-878
	Keywords	Emergency management; firefighter; user; training; simulation; serious games
	Abstract	Simulation and serious games (SSG) are advocated as promising technologies supporting training in emergency management (EM). Based on an investigation of SSG use for fire fighter training in nine countries, this paper is examining key elements and success factors that can counteract potential obstacles and challenges of SSG implementation. Data comes from interviews and observations with users and responsible managers from user organizations. By contrasting the different incentives and views regarding the SSG use, this paper contributes to a better understanding of SSG integration into organizational practices. Only by connecting the local, organizational strategies and user requirements with technical values and concrete examples can the SSG usage be experienced as successful. This connection requirement is by far not obvious since values are formulated differently by the main stakeholders and the benefits at one organization are not necessarily the same as at another. In this context, the added values of SSG solutions need to be more explicitly connected to the goals of traditional classroom and live training.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	New Technologies for Crisis Management	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2072
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	Author	B. Betting; E. Varea; B. Patte-Rouland
	Title	Smoke dynamics in compartment fires: large scale experiments and numerical simulations			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	879-889
	Keywords	Compartments fire, numerical simulations, FDS, smoke dynamics
	Abstract	Today, during compartments fire, the decision-making of the rescue teams is mainly based on human decisions, which are the results of gathered experiences. However, a perfect knowledge of the situation, its evolution over time and the dangers that may appear is impossible. The transition between a localized fire and a generalized fire can take several forms. One of the most important vectors in the propagation of combustion for compartment fires is smoke due to its high temperature and the large amounts of energy it contains. Despite its extreme danger, smoke remains important to study because it convey valuable information, especially on the appearance of thermal phenomena feared by firemen. To carry out this study, a large scale experimental cell is used. A burner fueled with propane produces hot fumes in a so-called “real fire” configuration. All the measurements carried out are compared with LES (Large Eddy Simulation) simulations of the experiment using FDS. The numerical component allows defining scenarios (fire fully developed, fire under ventilated ...), which are verified by the experiments. The dual competence numerical /experimental data is essential in this type of study since the experimental data suffer from a lack of resolution (spatial, temporal) but nevertheless represent information necessary for validating the codes.
	Address	Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, CORIA, 76000 Rouen, France
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	New Technologies for Crisis Management	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2073
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	Author	José H. Canós; Diego Piedrahita
	Title	Emergency Plans are Software, too			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	374-379
	Keywords	Emergency Plan Engineering; Emergency Plan Management; Software Engineering
	Abstract	In one of the most influential papers in the history of Software Engineering, L.Osterweil analyzed the nature of both software and software development processes to conclude that the latter shared many characteristics with the former and, as a consequence, software development principles and techniques could be applied in the definition and exploitation of processes. Here, we do an imitation exercise to claim that emergency plans are advanced software artifacts and, hence, modern software development principles, methods, techniques and tools can be used in their development and enactment. We advocate for a change of paradigm in which the idea of emergency plans as text-based documents is replaced by that of active, complex digital objects with state and behavior that drive emergency response processes, and also several preparedness activities such as drills and training exercises. These new plans are the result of a systematic process we call Emergency Plan Engineering.
	Address	ISSI-DSIC,Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, E46022, Valencia, Spain; Indea Ingeniería de Aplicaciones S.L., Leonardo da Vinci, nº 18, Parque Tecnológico, E46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Planning, Foresight and Risk analysis	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2026
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	Author	Gary Bennett; Lili Yang; Boyka Simeonova
	Title	A Heuristic Approach to Flood Evacuation Planning			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	380-388
	Keywords	Flood Evacuation Planning; Heuristic; Deterministic; Multi-objective optimization
	Abstract	Flood evacuation planning models are an important tool used in preparation for flooding events. Authorities use the plans generated by flood evacuation models to evacuate the population as quickly as possible. Contemporary models consider the whole solution space and use a stochastic search to explore and produce solutions. The one issue with stochastic approaches is that they cannot guarantee the optimality of the solution and it is important that the plans be of a high quality. We present a heuristically driven flood evacuation planning model; the proposed heuristic is deterministic, which allows the model to avoid this problem. The determinism of the model means that the optimality of solutions found can be readily verified.
	Address	School of Business and Economics, Loughborough University, United Kingdom
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Planning, Foresight and Risk analysis	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2027
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	Author	Alexander Gabriel; Simon Schleiner; Florian Brauner; Florian Steyer; Verena Gellenbeck; Ompe Aimé Mudimu
	Title	Process modelling of physical and cyber terrorist attacks on networks of public transportation infrastructure			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management	Abbreviated Journal	Iscram 2017
	Volume		Issue		Pages	390-399
	Keywords	Cyber-attack; (counter-)terrorism; process modelling; decision support; critical infrastructure
	Abstract	Recent events have demonstrated the vulnerability of IT-systems of different companies, organisations or even governments to hacker attacks. Simultaneously, information technologies have become increasingly established and important for institutions of various branches. With respect to modern terrorism developments, cyber-attacks may be used to physically harm critical infrastructures. This leads to a new dimension of cyber-attacks called “terrorist cyber-attacks”. This research-in-progress paper aims to develop a process model for data acquisition and support of decision making that seeks to enhance the security of public transportation in the context of counterterrorism. Therefore, a generic process model for terrorist cyber-attacks – produced in the research project RE(H)STRAIN1 – is intro-duced as a basis for a decision support system (DSS). In the future, such models could improve the decision process by comparing the effectiveness of different security measures.
	Address	TH Koeln – University of Applied Sciences; University of Wuppertal
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Iscram	Place of Publication	Albi, France	Editor	Tina Comes, F.B., Chihab Hanachi, Matthieu Lauras, Aurélie Montarnal, eds
	Language	English	Summary Language	English	Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2411-3387	ISBN		Medium
	Track	Protection Models For Complex Critical Infrastructures	Expedition		Conference	14th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2028
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